International Journal of Tourism CitiesTable of Contents for International Journal of Tourism Cities. List of articles from the current issue, including Just Accepted (EarlyCite)https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/2056-5607/vol/9/iss/4?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestInternational Journal of Tourism CitiesInternational Tourism Studies AssociationInternational Journal of Tourism CitiesInternational Journal of Tourism Citieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/proxy/containerImg?link=/resource/publication/journal/a32468cdd30dc67ffa7f619a8288313a/urn:emeraldgroup.com:asset:id:binary:ijtc.cover.jpghttps://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/2056-5607/vol/9/iss/4?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThoughts on Spanish urban tourism in a post-pandemic reality: challenges and guidelines for a more balanced futurehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-11-2022-0255/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to identify the challenges faced by urban destinations in Spain in the current transitional stage towards a new reality of tourism, caused by the outbreak of COVID-19 and the ongoing global changes in the tourism industry. An extensive literature review and an analysis of current debates were conducted to identify the different factors that have influenced the recent tourism phenomenon and the development of destinations on a global, regional-national and local-urban scale. Four main challenges are identified, including the new mobility patterns of the population; information and communication technologies and the digitalisation process in urban and tourism management; sustainability, as a factor of the competitiveness, stability and viability of urban destinations; and governance in urban destinations. The study’s findings provide valuable insights for urban destination managers to make informed decisions and adapt to the new reality of tourism.Thoughts on Spanish urban tourism in a post-pandemic reality: challenges and guidelines for a more balanced future
Anna Torres-Delgado, Francisco López Palomeque, Josep Ivars-Baidal, Fernando Vera-Rebollo
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.849-860

This study aims to identify the challenges faced by urban destinations in Spain in the current transitional stage towards a new reality of tourism, caused by the outbreak of COVID-19 and the ongoing global changes in the tourism industry.

An extensive literature review and an analysis of current debates were conducted to identify the different factors that have influenced the recent tourism phenomenon and the development of destinations on a global, regional-national and local-urban scale.

Four main challenges are identified, including the new mobility patterns of the population; information and communication technologies and the digitalisation process in urban and tourism management; sustainability, as a factor of the competitiveness, stability and viability of urban destinations; and governance in urban destinations.

The study’s findings provide valuable insights for urban destination managers to make informed decisions and adapt to the new reality of tourism.

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Thoughts on Spanish urban tourism in a post-pandemic reality: challenges and guidelines for a more balanced future10.1108/IJTC-11-2022-0255International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-06-21© 2023 Anna Torres-Delgado, Francisco López Palomeque, Josep Ivars-Baidal and Fernando Vera-Rebollo.Anna Torres-DelgadoFrancisco López PalomequeJosep Ivars-BaidalFernando Vera-RebolloInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-06-2110.1108/IJTC-11-2022-0255https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-11-2022-0255/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Anna Torres-Delgado, Francisco López Palomeque, Josep Ivars-Baidal and Fernando Vera-Rebollo.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Examining the impact of the platform economy on Spain’s cultural destinations through the lens of free tourshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0089/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestFree guided walking tours are one of the most successful tourism segments in the digital platform economy. It is beginning to be associated with negative impacts in some of the destinations where it is spreading rapidly. Although the platform economy is generating increasing academic interest, the free tour model remains largely unexplored area in the literature. This study aims to examine how such activity affects cultural destinations. Focussing on the largest Free Tours platform operating in Spain, GuruWalk, the methodology used analyses its impact in six cultural destinations on two of the sustainability dimensions: the territorial dimension and the governance, through an exploratory study. The findings help to understand the differences that such activity generates in each destination depending on the phase of its life cycle, and to implement, if necessary, corrective measures. The research confirms that the impacts differ according to the tourist destination’s maturity, concluding that such activity contributes to the increase of tourist agglomerations and the overcrowding of cultural destinations in their middle and mature life cycles. The findings highlighted the importance of the role of local governance on free tour activity. The main contribution is the association of the impacts they produce (especially in terms of massification) with destination life cycle phases. There were no similar precedents with a spatial or territorial analysis to reliably demonstrate not only that this activity has an impact on the territory but also what type of impact is produced.Examining the impact of the platform economy on Spain’s cultural destinations through the lens of free tours
Jorge Rivera-García, Asunción Fernández-Villarán, Ricardo Pastor-Ruiz
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.861-874

Free guided walking tours are one of the most successful tourism segments in the digital platform economy. It is beginning to be associated with negative impacts in some of the destinations where it is spreading rapidly. Although the platform economy is generating increasing academic interest, the free tour model remains largely unexplored area in the literature. This study aims to examine how such activity affects cultural destinations.

Focussing on the largest Free Tours platform operating in Spain, GuruWalk, the methodology used analyses its impact in six cultural destinations on two of the sustainability dimensions: the territorial dimension and the governance, through an exploratory study.

The findings help to understand the differences that such activity generates in each destination depending on the phase of its life cycle, and to implement, if necessary, corrective measures. The research confirms that the impacts differ according to the tourist destination’s maturity, concluding that such activity contributes to the increase of tourist agglomerations and the overcrowding of cultural destinations in their middle and mature life cycles. The findings highlighted the importance of the role of local governance on free tour activity.

The main contribution is the association of the impacts they produce (especially in terms of massification) with destination life cycle phases. There were no similar precedents with a spatial or territorial analysis to reliably demonstrate not only that this activity has an impact on the territory but also what type of impact is produced.

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Examining the impact of the platform economy on Spain’s cultural destinations through the lens of free tours10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0089International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-07-06© 2023 Jorge Rivera-García, Asunción Fernández-Villarán and Ricardo Pastor-Ruiz.Jorge Rivera-GarcíaAsunción Fernández-VillaránRicardo Pastor-RuizInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-07-0610.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0089https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0089/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Jorge Rivera-García, Asunción Fernández-Villarán and Ricardo Pastor-Ruiz.
Events image from the host-city residents’ perceptions: impacts on the overall city image and visit recommend intentionhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-10-2022-0242/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to analyse the effects of events image from host communities’ perspective on the city’s overall image and the intention to recommend the events and the city as a tourism destination. The research used a bivariate data analysis based on Spearman’s correlation and regression analysis to determine useful variables to predict the intention to recommend the city as a tourism destination. Data collection was face-to-face and online with a non-probabilistic sample of Viseu city residents, the second largest city in the central region of Portugal. The findings had implications for researchers, governments and stakeholders. From the resident’s point of view, there is a high correlation between the overall city image and the intention to recommend it as a tourism destination. Event image and the intention to recommend the event participation affect the overall city image. Results point out the resident as natural promoters of events and their city if the local events have an appeal that generates their participation. Conclusions indicated that cities need to re-thinking tourism from the citizen’s perspective as staycation is a grown option. Event image by host-city residents’ perceptions is an underdevelopment theme in the literature, although residents’ participation is essential to the success of most events. Local events can promote tourist citizenship and reinforce the positioning of tourism destinations, associating them with an image of desirable places to visit and live.Events image from the host-city residents’ perceptions: impacts on the overall city image and visit recommend intention
Cecília Lobo, Rui Augusto Costa, Adriana Fumi Chim-Miki
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.875-893

This paper aims to analyse the effects of events image from host communities’ perspective on the city’s overall image and the intention to recommend the events and the city as a tourism destination.

The research used a bivariate data analysis based on Spearman’s correlation and regression analysis to determine useful variables to predict the intention to recommend the city as a tourism destination. Data collection was face-to-face and online with a non-probabilistic sample of Viseu city residents, the second largest city in the central region of Portugal.

The findings had implications for researchers, governments and stakeholders. From the resident’s point of view, there is a high correlation between the overall city image and the intention to recommend it as a tourism destination. Event image and the intention to recommend the event participation affect the overall city image. Results point out the resident as natural promoters of events and their city if the local events have an appeal that generates their participation. Conclusions indicated that cities need to re-thinking tourism from the citizen’s perspective as staycation is a grown option.

Event image by host-city residents’ perceptions is an underdevelopment theme in the literature, although residents’ participation is essential to the success of most events. Local events can promote tourist citizenship and reinforce the positioning of tourism destinations, associating them with an image of desirable places to visit and live.

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Events image from the host-city residents’ perceptions: impacts on the overall city image and visit recommend intention10.1108/IJTC-10-2022-0242International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-07-17© 2023 Cecília Lobo, Rui Augusto Costa and Adriana Fumi Chim-Miki.Cecília LoboRui Augusto CostaAdriana Fumi Chim-MikiInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-07-1710.1108/IJTC-10-2022-0242https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-10-2022-0242/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Cecília Lobo, Rui Augusto Costa and Adriana Fumi Chim-Miki.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Exploring bibliometric evidence of Airbnb’s influence on urban destinations: emotional solidarity, Airbnb supply, moral economy and digital futurehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-03-2023-0056/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to provide a cutting-edge evaluation of the sharing economy's impact within the realm of tourism and hospitality. The primary objectives guiding this research are as follows: to uncover the prevalent discussions and debates within the tourism and hospitality sector concerning the implications and effects of the sharing economy on urban destinations; and to analyse how scholarly inquiries and empirical investigations have contributed to a comprehensive comprehension of the intricate theoretical foundations and practical intricacies inherent in the sharing economy. This exploration takes place within the extensive expanse of existing literature. The study used the non-conventional method for data mining. An artificial intelligence (AI) tool called www.dimensions.ai was used to mine data between the year 2002 and 2021. After which the data was analysed, using Citespace software that assisted in building themes for answering the research questions. The sharing economy has multifaceted implications for rural and urban destinations. For instance, the findings demonstrated that emotional solidarity fosters community bonds between tourists and residents, enhancing authenticity. While, management firms optimise short-term rentals, boosting revenue and occupancy rates despite capped at 20%. It further demonstrated that the sharing economy disrupts traditional accommodations, especially hotels, impacting rural and urban destinations differently based on location and regulatory flexibility. Technological advancements would shape the digital future, transforming the resource in sharing and connectivity in urban settings. Management firms or agents significantly enhance property facilities, revenue and occupancy rates. Properties managed by professionals perform better in terms of revenue and occupancy; furthermore, traditional accommodations need innovative strategies to compete with sharing economy platforms. Policymakers must consider location-specific regulations to balance sharing economy impacts. Embracing technological advancements ensures urban destinations stay relevant and competitive. Emotional solidarity fosters bonds between residents and tourists, contributing to a sense of community. Management firms contribute to local economies and stability. However, Airbnb's impact on traditional accommodations raises concerns about the effect on residents and communities. The study incorporates classical sociology theory to understand emotional solidarity and extends the concept of moral economy to guide economic behaviour in the sharing economy. The analysis also underscores the influence of technological trends such as mobile technology, Internet of Things, AI and blockchain on sharing practices in reshaping existing theoretical frameworks in the sharing atmosphere. Furthermore, the co-creation of value theory highlights collaborative interactions between hosts and guests, shaping the sharing economy experience. Consumer segmentation and choice theories shed light on sharing economy dynamics. Institutional and location-based theories provide insights into regulatory and location-specific impacts. This research contributes by comprehensively exploring the multifaceted implications of the sharing economy on a tourist destination. It delves into emotional solidarity, management firm roles and location-specific impacts, enriching the understanding of the sharing economy's effects. The application of co-creation of value theory and examination of platform technologies offer fresh perspectives on value creation and user engagement. The study's focus on practical dimensions guides stakeholders in optimising the benefits and addressing challenges posed by the sharing economy in urban contexts. The exploration of moral economy and its relevance to the sharing economy provides a novel perspective, while the examination of technological influences on sharing practices contributes to understanding the digital future of the sharing economy.Exploring bibliometric evidence of Airbnb’s influence on urban destinations: emotional solidarity, Airbnb supply, moral economy and digital future
Emeka Austin Ndaguba, Cina van Zyl
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.894-922

This study aims to provide a cutting-edge evaluation of the sharing economy's impact within the realm of tourism and hospitality. The primary objectives guiding this research are as follows: to uncover the prevalent discussions and debates within the tourism and hospitality sector concerning the implications and effects of the sharing economy on urban destinations; and to analyse how scholarly inquiries and empirical investigations have contributed to a comprehensive comprehension of the intricate theoretical foundations and practical intricacies inherent in the sharing economy. This exploration takes place within the extensive expanse of existing literature.

The study used the non-conventional method for data mining. An artificial intelligence (AI) tool called www.dimensions.ai was used to mine data between the year 2002 and 2021. After which the data was analysed, using Citespace software that assisted in building themes for answering the research questions.

The sharing economy has multifaceted implications for rural and urban destinations. For instance, the findings demonstrated that emotional solidarity fosters community bonds between tourists and residents, enhancing authenticity. While, management firms optimise short-term rentals, boosting revenue and occupancy rates despite capped at 20%. It further demonstrated that the sharing economy disrupts traditional accommodations, especially hotels, impacting rural and urban destinations differently based on location and regulatory flexibility. Technological advancements would shape the digital future, transforming the resource in sharing and connectivity in urban settings.

Management firms or agents significantly enhance property facilities, revenue and occupancy rates. Properties managed by professionals perform better in terms of revenue and occupancy; furthermore, traditional accommodations need innovative strategies to compete with sharing economy platforms. Policymakers must consider location-specific regulations to balance sharing economy impacts. Embracing technological advancements ensures urban destinations stay relevant and competitive.

Emotional solidarity fosters bonds between residents and tourists, contributing to a sense of community. Management firms contribute to local economies and stability. However, Airbnb's impact on traditional accommodations raises concerns about the effect on residents and communities.

The study incorporates classical sociology theory to understand emotional solidarity and extends the concept of moral economy to guide economic behaviour in the sharing economy. The analysis also underscores the influence of technological trends such as mobile technology, Internet of Things, AI and blockchain on sharing practices in reshaping existing theoretical frameworks in the sharing atmosphere. Furthermore, the co-creation of value theory highlights collaborative interactions between hosts and guests, shaping the sharing economy experience. Consumer segmentation and choice theories shed light on sharing economy dynamics. Institutional and location-based theories provide insights into regulatory and location-specific impacts.

This research contributes by comprehensively exploring the multifaceted implications of the sharing economy on a tourist destination. It delves into emotional solidarity, management firm roles and location-specific impacts, enriching the understanding of the sharing economy's effects. The application of co-creation of value theory and examination of platform technologies offer fresh perspectives on value creation and user engagement. The study's focus on practical dimensions guides stakeholders in optimising the benefits and addressing challenges posed by the sharing economy in urban contexts. The exploration of moral economy and its relevance to the sharing economy provides a novel perspective, while the examination of technological influences on sharing practices contributes to understanding the digital future of the sharing economy.

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Exploring bibliometric evidence of Airbnb’s influence on urban destinations: emotional solidarity, Airbnb supply, moral economy and digital future10.1108/IJTC-03-2023-0056International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-09-07© 2023 Emeka Austin Ndaguba and Cina van Zyl.Emeka Austin NdagubaCina van ZylInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-09-0710.1108/IJTC-03-2023-0056https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-03-2023-0056/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emeka Austin Ndaguba and Cina van Zyl.
Tourism gentrification and neighbourhood transformationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-03-2023-0038/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to examine the process of tourism gentrification from China tourists, a major source market, in two neighbourhoods in Hong Kong: one that has been long exposed to tourism and one that is just being discovered by tourists. Through a series of in-depth interviews with local residents and community leaders, complemented by non-participant observation, the paper tracks the commercial, social and cultural changes that have occurred or are occurring in these two places. This study evaluates the process of place change through tourism gentrification in two neighbourhoods in Hong Kong that are at different stages of the process. An ontological approach is adopted using an interpretivist paradigm involving in-depth interviews and on-site observations, supplemented by secondary data. These data were complemented by non-participant observation. Both the places have been transformed due to the influx of mainland Chinese tourists. Some impacts felt by both communities have much in common, such as congestion and shop dislocation, while others are more location specific. Even though the degree of tourism gentrification is different, locals from both locations tend to hold negative perceptions towards tourists, although of different strengths. All have also noted the traditional social cohesion is not as strong as before. The paper argues that tourism gentrification exists on a continuum as neighbourhoods move seemingly inextricably from local-centric nodes to tourist-centric nodes. Apart from enlightening the theory of tourism gentrification, it provides insights to the local leaders on proper tourism development by balancing the social and economic benefits.Tourism gentrification and neighbourhood transformation
Jamie Siu Kam Lo, Bob McKercher
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.923-939

This study aims to examine the process of tourism gentrification from China tourists, a major source market, in two neighbourhoods in Hong Kong: one that has been long exposed to tourism and one that is just being discovered by tourists. Through a series of in-depth interviews with local residents and community leaders, complemented by non-participant observation, the paper tracks the commercial, social and cultural changes that have occurred or are occurring in these two places.

This study evaluates the process of place change through tourism gentrification in two neighbourhoods in Hong Kong that are at different stages of the process. An ontological approach is adopted using an interpretivist paradigm involving in-depth interviews and on-site observations, supplemented by secondary data. These data were complemented by non-participant observation.

Both the places have been transformed due to the influx of mainland Chinese tourists. Some impacts felt by both communities have much in common, such as congestion and shop dislocation, while others are more location specific. Even though the degree of tourism gentrification is different, locals from both locations tend to hold negative perceptions towards tourists, although of different strengths. All have also noted the traditional social cohesion is not as strong as before.

The paper argues that tourism gentrification exists on a continuum as neighbourhoods move seemingly inextricably from local-centric nodes to tourist-centric nodes. Apart from enlightening the theory of tourism gentrification, it provides insights to the local leaders on proper tourism development by balancing the social and economic benefits.

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Tourism gentrification and neighbourhood transformation10.1108/IJTC-03-2023-0038International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-09-01© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationJamie Siu Kam LoBob McKercherInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-09-0110.1108/IJTC-03-2023-0038https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-03-2023-0038/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Understanding young Chinese customers’ perceptions of unsafe city image restoration after Covid-19 outbreakhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-12-2022-0265/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to uncover marketing strategies to restore a positive image in times of pandemic crisis to bring tourists back to a popularly affected tourism city in China, Wuhan in Hubei Province. The paper argues that the process of restoring city image requires understanding the perceptions of Generation Z, a segment of the population who have a high propensity to travel after COVID-19. This study employed a constructivist grounded theory approach to explore the perspectives of China’s Generation Z consumers of Wuhan’s future image to restart tourism. The data is collected through semi-structured interview of 29 respondents and analyzed with the initial, focused and theoretical coding process. Start by narrowing the gap between projected and perceived image, the findings suggest that Generation Z could be pulled to visit Wuhan city through four core products such as dark tourism activities, special-interest leisure, heroism and storytelling. The destination image restoration framework after health-related crisis is creatively proposed. It combines the analysis of crisis and urban characteristics from the perspective of the target audience (Generation Z) and provides specific strategies to restore the tourism city image from cognitive, affective and conative dimensions. Significantly, two novel characteristics of Generation Z (i.e. lighthearted and patriotic) emerge in addition to the typical features of this generational cohort. This study also found a high preference for a technologically oriented type of attraction that reverses the morbid COVID-19 memories into an entertainment tool.Understanding young Chinese customers’ perceptions of unsafe city image restoration after Covid-19 outbreak
Chang (Cherise) Li, Elizabeth Agyeiwaah, Alain Imboden, Younghee Maria Lee
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.940-959

This study aims to uncover marketing strategies to restore a positive image in times of pandemic crisis to bring tourists back to a popularly affected tourism city in China, Wuhan in Hubei Province. The paper argues that the process of restoring city image requires understanding the perceptions of Generation Z, a segment of the population who have a high propensity to travel after COVID-19.

This study employed a constructivist grounded theory approach to explore the perspectives of China’s Generation Z consumers of Wuhan’s future image to restart tourism. The data is collected through semi-structured interview of 29 respondents and analyzed with the initial, focused and theoretical coding process.

Start by narrowing the gap between projected and perceived image, the findings suggest that Generation Z could be pulled to visit Wuhan city through four core products such as dark tourism activities, special-interest leisure, heroism and storytelling.

The destination image restoration framework after health-related crisis is creatively proposed. It combines the analysis of crisis and urban characteristics from the perspective of the target audience (Generation Z) and provides specific strategies to restore the tourism city image from cognitive, affective and conative dimensions. Significantly, two novel characteristics of Generation Z (i.e. lighthearted and patriotic) emerge in addition to the typical features of this generational cohort. This study also found a high preference for a technologically oriented type of attraction that reverses the morbid COVID-19 memories into an entertainment tool.

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Understanding young Chinese customers’ perceptions of unsafe city image restoration after Covid-19 outbreak10.1108/IJTC-12-2022-0265International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-09-26© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationChang (Cherise) LiElizabeth AgyeiwaahAlain ImbodenYounghee Maria LeeInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-09-2610.1108/IJTC-12-2022-0265https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-12-2022-0265/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Guided tours and tourist attractions in the postpandemic world: thematic evolutions and spatial changeshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0149/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to widen the understanding of the shifts the tourism industry experienced as it went though the Covid-19 pandemic. To contribute to this question, an empirical comparison is made between the supply of guided tours and sights at an urban destination in the pre- and postpandemic eras, thus gauging the changes in the guiding tours industry after the pandemic. By conducting a convenience data gathering and a double-level analysis (tours analysis and sights analysis) on the tours and attractions supply at an urban destination, underlying trends come to light, related to the changes in the postpandemic era. This empirical comparison (2019 vs 2022) allows the authors to assess what has and has not changed in the postpandemic context. Guided tours and attractions supply are evolving in the researched destination, but at a slow pace. Therefore, we conclude that long-term processes in destinations prevail over short-term disruptions, no matter how strong these disturbances are. The results are of interest to practitioners as they facilitate a better assessment of the impacts of a crisis and greater awareness of the evolution of attractions in urban tourism. While the “staple tours” in a destination are always there, practitioners should keep an eye on new spaces in the city which the sector is opening up and also new touring trends. This study is one of the few to empirically compare a pre- and postpandemic situation, as far as city-guided tours are concerned. It helps practitioners and authorities in urban destinations to assess the new trends that have emerged in the postpandemic era, and offers a two-level tool for tour analysis that could be applied to any urban destination.Guided tours and tourist attractions in the postpandemic world: thematic evolutions and spatial changes
Narcís Bassols i Gardella
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.960-973

The purpose of this paper is to widen the understanding of the shifts the tourism industry experienced as it went though the Covid-19 pandemic. To contribute to this question, an empirical comparison is made between the supply of guided tours and sights at an urban destination in the pre- and postpandemic eras, thus gauging the changes in the guiding tours industry after the pandemic.

By conducting a convenience data gathering and a double-level analysis (tours analysis and sights analysis) on the tours and attractions supply at an urban destination, underlying trends come to light, related to the changes in the postpandemic era. This empirical comparison (2019 vs 2022) allows the authors to assess what has and has not changed in the postpandemic context.

Guided tours and attractions supply are evolving in the researched destination, but at a slow pace. Therefore, we conclude that long-term processes in destinations prevail over short-term disruptions, no matter how strong these disturbances are.

The results are of interest to practitioners as they facilitate a better assessment of the impacts of a crisis and greater awareness of the evolution of attractions in urban tourism. While the “staple tours” in a destination are always there, practitioners should keep an eye on new spaces in the city which the sector is opening up and also new touring trends.

This study is one of the few to empirically compare a pre- and postpandemic situation, as far as city-guided tours are concerned. It helps practitioners and authorities in urban destinations to assess the new trends that have emerged in the postpandemic era, and offers a two-level tool for tour analysis that could be applied to any urban destination.

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Guided tours and tourist attractions in the postpandemic world: thematic evolutions and spatial changes10.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0149International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-09-18© 2023 Narcís Bassols i Gardella.Narcís Bassols i GardellaInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-09-1810.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0149https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0149/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Narcís Bassols i Gardella.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Sustainability orientation and sustainability performance in response to hostile environments in cultural tourism destinationshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0129/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to understand how sustainability orientation influences economic, environmental and social sustainability performance and the moderating role of environmental hostility on these relationships. This study aims to deepen the consequences of the strategic commitment to sustainability of tourism firms located in the World Heritage Cities of Cusco, Lima and Arequipa in Peru. The empirical analysis was conducted on a sample of 238 tourism firms. The authors implemented structural equation modelling technique to contrast the hypothesis. The results shows that sustainability orientation has a positive effect on social and environmental performance mainly, but also on both financial and non-financial economic performance. The authors also detect a significant negative moderating effect of environmental hostility, which is accentuated in the case of social and economic-financial performance. This study provides interesting practical implications in the tourism sector. Firms should develop a strategic commitment to sustainability, even in hostile environments, to improve their competitive position while reducing the negative impact of their activity on the natural and social environment. Institutions should encourage firms to commit to sustainability to achieve more sustainable and competitive urban tourism destinations. This study advances the controversial debate on whether sustainability orientation of tourism firms leads to better economic performance. Moreover, from triple bottom line approach, it provides a holistic view of how sustainability orientation affects sustainability performance in all its dimensions. Finally, this paper delves into the complexities and challenges of sustainable urban tourism.Sustainability orientation and sustainability performance in response to hostile environments in cultural tourism destinations
María José Ruiz-Ortega, Mateo Manuel Córcoles-Muñoz, Gloria Parra-Requena, Pedro Manuel García-Villaverde
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.974-994

The purpose of this study is to understand how sustainability orientation influences economic, environmental and social sustainability performance and the moderating role of environmental hostility on these relationships. This study aims to deepen the consequences of the strategic commitment to sustainability of tourism firms located in the World Heritage Cities of Cusco, Lima and Arequipa in Peru.

The empirical analysis was conducted on a sample of 238 tourism firms. The authors implemented structural equation modelling technique to contrast the hypothesis.

The results shows that sustainability orientation has a positive effect on social and environmental performance mainly, but also on both financial and non-financial economic performance. The authors also detect a significant negative moderating effect of environmental hostility, which is accentuated in the case of social and economic-financial performance.

This study provides interesting practical implications in the tourism sector. Firms should develop a strategic commitment to sustainability, even in hostile environments, to improve their competitive position while reducing the negative impact of their activity on the natural and social environment. Institutions should encourage firms to commit to sustainability to achieve more sustainable and competitive urban tourism destinations.

This study advances the controversial debate on whether sustainability orientation of tourism firms leads to better economic performance. Moreover, from triple bottom line approach, it provides a holistic view of how sustainability orientation affects sustainability performance in all its dimensions. Finally, this paper delves into the complexities and challenges of sustainable urban tourism.

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Sustainability orientation and sustainability performance in response to hostile environments in cultural tourism destinations10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0129International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-09-07© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationMaría José Ruiz-OrtegaMateo Manuel Córcoles-MuñozGloria Parra-RequenaPedro Manuel García-VillaverdeInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-09-0710.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0129https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0129/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Using geographical information systems in literary tourism: an analysis to the “An English family” novel, from Júlio Dinishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-12-2022-0272/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe paper aims to present a literary itinerary inspired in Julio Dinis’ novel An English Family (Uma Família Inglesa) through a comparative analysis of the places identified in the novel and the touristic attraction proposed by Visit Porto website. This novel is representative of the cultural identity and society of Porto city in the 19th century. Developing an itinerary based on this novel can facilitate the reading and understanding of the historical and cultural development of Porto. This case study is based on the reading of the Julio Dinis’ novel An English Family (Uma Família Inglesa), whose storyline takes place in Porto city, Portugal in the 19th century. It used QGIS v. 3.12 software, a geographical information system to identify the places, to produce the maps and to create the itinerary. The comparison between the places identified in the novel and the tourist attraction in Visit Porto website revealed that only 6 points in the novel are referenced on Visit Porto website. These points correspond to the ones in the historical city centre of Porto. However, the creation of an itinerary that brings together all the points mentioned by Julio Dinis in his novel, will allow the development of a new touristic itinerary, alternative to existing itineraries in the city and that can be seen as a distinguish offer that allows a different view of the urban space of Porto. There are some limitations to this study that can be highlighted. First, it was difficult to find the correct location of some points identified in the novel, due to difficulty of finding historical maps with quality of the data. At the same time, as tourist information is dispersed by several sources, and most of those data is not georeferenced, it was time consuming the integration of all the information in the same geodatabase. The choice of the shortest path can also be considered as a limitation, rather than the route followed by the author in the novel, but geographic information systems operates on spatial and temporal scale, which can present a limitation in tourism analysis. In the case of this project, we have chosen the shortest path, assuming that tourist would prefer that. This research allowed to address two areas of knowledge that are emerging in the study of urban centres as tourist areas: the use of GIS and literary tourism. Despite the fact that there are already articles on this subject, the originality focuses on the approach made around one of the greatest writers of Portugal in the 19th century, allowing to present a tourist itinerary about one of his literary works, and the comparison made between the places identified in the novel and the tourist points identified on the Visit Porto website.Using geographical information systems in literary tourism: an analysis to the “An English family” novel, from Júlio Dinis
Sofia Oliveira, Helena Albuquerque
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.995-1015

The paper aims to present a literary itinerary inspired in Julio Dinis’ novel An English Family (Uma Família Inglesa) through a comparative analysis of the places identified in the novel and the touristic attraction proposed by Visit Porto website. This novel is representative of the cultural identity and society of Porto city in the 19th century. Developing an itinerary based on this novel can facilitate the reading and understanding of the historical and cultural development of Porto.

This case study is based on the reading of the Julio Dinis’ novel An English Family (Uma Família Inglesa), whose storyline takes place in Porto city, Portugal in the 19th century. It used QGIS v. 3.12 software, a geographical information system to identify the places, to produce the maps and to create the itinerary.

The comparison between the places identified in the novel and the tourist attraction in Visit Porto website revealed that only 6 points in the novel are referenced on Visit Porto website. These points correspond to the ones in the historical city centre of Porto. However, the creation of an itinerary that brings together all the points mentioned by Julio Dinis in his novel, will allow the development of a new touristic itinerary, alternative to existing itineraries in the city and that can be seen as a distinguish offer that allows a different view of the urban space of Porto.

There are some limitations to this study that can be highlighted. First, it was difficult to find the correct location of some points identified in the novel, due to difficulty of finding historical maps with quality of the data. At the same time, as tourist information is dispersed by several sources, and most of those data is not georeferenced, it was time consuming the integration of all the information in the same geodatabase. The choice of the shortest path can also be considered as a limitation, rather than the route followed by the author in the novel, but geographic information systems operates on spatial and temporal scale, which can present a limitation in tourism analysis. In the case of this project, we have chosen the shortest path, assuming that tourist would prefer that.

This research allowed to address two areas of knowledge that are emerging in the study of urban centres as tourist areas: the use of GIS and literary tourism. Despite the fact that there are already articles on this subject, the originality focuses on the approach made around one of the greatest writers of Portugal in the 19th century, allowing to present a tourist itinerary about one of his literary works, and the comparison made between the places identified in the novel and the tourist points identified on the Visit Porto website.

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Using geographical information systems in literary tourism: an analysis to the “An English family” novel, from Júlio Dinis10.1108/IJTC-12-2022-0272International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-10-03© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationSofia OliveiraHelena AlbuquerqueInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-10-0310.1108/IJTC-12-2022-0272https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-12-2022-0272/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Metaverse in the urban destinations in China: some insights for the tourism playershttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2023-0062/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestAlthough the metaverse has gained popularity in recent days, research on metaverse tourism in urban destinations is still lacking. Drawing on existing cases in Chinese urban destinations, this paper aims to provide valuable insights into the development of metaverse tourism in China and provides managerial implications for future urbanmetaverse tourismplayers. Literature from Chinese and international sources was reviewed to highlight the current status of metaverse tourism in the context of Chinese urban tourism. This paper also draws on information provided by online materials, especially the official websites of tour organizers and news media. This paper outlines important aspects of metaverse in Chinese urban tourism. First, cities are the hotbeds of metaverse development, and the metaverse has become a new way to attract urban tourists and a significant element in various exhibitions. Second, the combination of metaverse with China’s extensive and profound traditional culture has made urban tourism full of vitality. Third, China’s game companies are progressively empowering the metaverse tourism industry. This paper contributes to the existing knowledge on metaverse tourism based on the Chinese urban tourism context. Furthermore, it highlights the state of the metaverse in Chinese urban tourism during and after the pandemic situation. Lastly, it provides thoughtful implications for tourism players and future tourism development.Metaverse in the urban destinations in China: some insights for the tourism players
Jiale Zhang, Farzana Quoquab
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.1016-1024

Although the metaverse has gained popularity in recent days, research on metaverse tourism in urban destinations is still lacking. Drawing on existing cases in Chinese urban destinations, this paper aims to provide valuable insights into the development of metaverse tourism in China and provides managerial implications for future urbanmetaverse tourismplayers.

Literature from Chinese and international sources was reviewed to highlight the current status of metaverse tourism in the context of Chinese urban tourism. This paper also draws on information provided by online materials, especially the official websites of tour organizers and news media.

This paper outlines important aspects of metaverse in Chinese urban tourism. First, cities are the hotbeds of metaverse development, and the metaverse has become a new way to attract urban tourists and a significant element in various exhibitions. Second, the combination of metaverse with China’s extensive and profound traditional culture has made urban tourism full of vitality. Third, China’s game companies are progressively empowering the metaverse tourism industry.

This paper contributes to the existing knowledge on metaverse tourism based on the Chinese urban tourism context. Furthermore, it highlights the state of the metaverse in Chinese urban tourism during and after the pandemic situation. Lastly, it provides thoughtful implications for tourism players and future tourism development.

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Metaverse in the urban destinations in China: some insights for the tourism players10.1108/IJTC-04-2023-0062International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-09-28© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationJiale ZhangFarzana QuoquabInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-09-2810.1108/IJTC-04-2023-0062https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2023-0062/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Cities (r)evolution in the smart era: smart mobility practices as a driving force for tourism flow and the moderating role of airports in citieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0104/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe significance of smart mobility practices in shaping cities from a smart perspective has grown in recent years, influencing policies and the choices made by inhabitants. This transformation has led to the emergence of novel services and strategies, creating a new, vibrant and highly personalised urban environment that caters to the needs and preferences of both local residents and visitors. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of smart mobility practices on tourism flows in cities, considering the moderating effect of airport activities on this relationship. Using a generalised method of moments estimation and focusing on 20 Italian cities over an eight-year period, the authors highlight the current relationship between smart mobility practices and tourism flows. Moreover, the authors demonstrate that the yearly advancement of airports positively moderates this relationship. The findings indicate a significant relationship between smart mobility practices in modern cities and tourism inflows because they influence the development of tourism services and emerging trends such as smart tourism and smart destinations. Furthermore, airport activities as a proxy for city openness play a crucial role in this link. The study shows that airports have an incremental impact on tourism and on the relationship between tourism and sustainable practices. The limitations of this quantitative approach include the focus on a single country, the challenge of measuring the development of smart mobility practices due to a lack of standardised variables and the need for future research to expand the sample to different countries in relation to tourism inflows. This study has practical implications for policymakers and governance in their task of effectively coordinating internal smart mobility practices and managing incoming tourism flows. This study has social implications, highlighting the need for policymakers and governance to address the societal impacts of smart mobility practices and tourism inflows, ensuring inclusive and sustainable outcomes for local communities. This study contributes to the existing literature as one of the first attempts to examine the interplay between smart mobility practices in smart cities and tourism flows. Furthermore, it emphasises the role of airports in this relationship, highlighting how the interaction between these variables benefits both stakeholders.Cities (r)evolution in the smart era: smart mobility practices as a driving force for tourism flow and the moderating role of airports in cities
Filippo Marchesani, Francesca Masciarelli, Andrea Bikfalvi
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.1025-1045

The significance of smart mobility practices in shaping cities from a smart perspective has grown in recent years, influencing policies and the choices made by inhabitants. This transformation has led to the emergence of novel services and strategies, creating a new, vibrant and highly personalised urban environment that caters to the needs and preferences of both local residents and visitors. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of smart mobility practices on tourism flows in cities, considering the moderating effect of airport activities on this relationship.

Using a generalised method of moments estimation and focusing on 20 Italian cities over an eight-year period, the authors highlight the current relationship between smart mobility practices and tourism flows. Moreover, the authors demonstrate that the yearly advancement of airports positively moderates this relationship.

The findings indicate a significant relationship between smart mobility practices in modern cities and tourism inflows because they influence the development of tourism services and emerging trends such as smart tourism and smart destinations. Furthermore, airport activities as a proxy for city openness play a crucial role in this link. The study shows that airports have an incremental impact on tourism and on the relationship between tourism and sustainable practices.

The limitations of this quantitative approach include the focus on a single country, the challenge of measuring the development of smart mobility practices due to a lack of standardised variables and the need for future research to expand the sample to different countries in relation to tourism inflows.

This study has practical implications for policymakers and governance in their task of effectively coordinating internal smart mobility practices and managing incoming tourism flows.

This study has social implications, highlighting the need for policymakers and governance to address the societal impacts of smart mobility practices and tourism inflows, ensuring inclusive and sustainable outcomes for local communities.

This study contributes to the existing literature as one of the first attempts to examine the interplay between smart mobility practices in smart cities and tourism flows. Furthermore, it emphasises the role of airports in this relationship, highlighting how the interaction between these variables benefits both stakeholders.

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Cities (r)evolution in the smart era: smart mobility practices as a driving force for tourism flow and the moderating role of airports in cities10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0104International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-10-18© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association.Filippo MarchesaniFrancesca MasciarelliAndrea BikfalviInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-10-1810.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0104https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0104/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association.
The influence of dark tourism motivational factors on revisit intention: a moderated mediation approachhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-01-2023-0003/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIn India, travellers are beginning to pay attention to dark tourism recently. This study aims to empirically investigate tourists revisit intention (TRI) to dark tourism destinations (DTD) in Indian urbanscapes. Here, a comprehensive moderated mediation method was applied to enhance TRI towards DTD via dark tourism motivational factors (DTMF). Understanding history, mass and social media and curiosity are the dimensions of DTMF. Data were collected through structured questionnaires from a sample of 360 tourists’ from various DTDs in city of Kolkata, India. A structural equation modelling method was applied to investigate the hypothesis. The findings showed DTMF dimensions enhanced the revisit intention for DTD in the city. Tourist satisfaction (TS) in dark tourism mediates the effects of DTMF on revisit intention. The mediation effects of satisfaction are diverse among high- and low-involved tourists. The findings can be helpful for marketers, government and other stakeholders to make dark tourism products more feasible by identifying the DTMF, which further helps to promote dark tourism among the urban tourists. This study shed light on the domain of dark tourism in urbanscapes in Kolkata, which was not previously explored. Furthermore, it suggests a moderated-mediated model for enhancing TRI to the DTD in the city, which involves TS as mediator and tourist involvement as moderator. Thus, this study enables an understanding of motivations for TRI in DTD.The influence of dark tourism motivational factors on revisit intention: a moderated mediation approach
Subhadeep Bowal, Prosenjit Ghosh
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.1046-1062

In India, travellers are beginning to pay attention to dark tourism recently. This study aims to empirically investigate tourists revisit intention (TRI) to dark tourism destinations (DTD) in Indian urbanscapes. Here, a comprehensive moderated mediation method was applied to enhance TRI towards DTD via dark tourism motivational factors (DTMF). Understanding history, mass and social media and curiosity are the dimensions of DTMF.

Data were collected through structured questionnaires from a sample of 360 tourists’ from various DTDs in city of Kolkata, India. A structural equation modelling method was applied to investigate the hypothesis.

The findings showed DTMF dimensions enhanced the revisit intention for DTD in the city. Tourist satisfaction (TS) in dark tourism mediates the effects of DTMF on revisit intention. The mediation effects of satisfaction are diverse among high- and low-involved tourists.

The findings can be helpful for marketers, government and other stakeholders to make dark tourism products more feasible by identifying the DTMF, which further helps to promote dark tourism among the urban tourists.

This study shed light on the domain of dark tourism in urbanscapes in Kolkata, which was not previously explored. Furthermore, it suggests a moderated-mediated model for enhancing TRI to the DTD in the city, which involves TS as mediator and tourist involvement as moderator. Thus, this study enables an understanding of motivations for TRI in DTD.

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The influence of dark tourism motivational factors on revisit intention: a moderated mediation approach10.1108/IJTC-01-2023-0003International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-11-08© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationSubhadeep BowalProsenjit GhoshInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-11-0810.1108/IJTC-01-2023-0003https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-01-2023-0003/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
The role of attributes of cycling tourism and enduring involvement in developing tourists’ place attachmenthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0103/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to investigate the advancement of place attachment within the bicycle tourism context. Specifically, this study seeks to ascertain whether the four attributes of bicycle tourism (tourism attractions, accessibility, amenities and complementary services) and enduring involvement can serve as predictors of tourists’ place attachment. Also, the research endeavors to examine the positive effects generated by the four attributes of bicycle tourism on enduring involvement. Additionally, the mediating role that enduring involvement plays in attribute–place attachment relationships will be clarified. The final 547 samples are collected from five WeChat cycling groups in Shanghai, and the partial least squares structural equation modeling approach is used to analyze the data. The results show that each of the four attributes has a positive impact on place attachment. Moreover, tourism attractions, accessibility and amenities can be the drivers of enduring involvement. Enduring involvement mediates the tourism attractions–place attachment relationship, the accessibility–place attachment relationship, as well as the amenities–place attachment relationship. This paper, to the best of the author’s knowledge, pioneeringly introduces the concept of enduring involvement and place attachment into bicycle tourism research, and the findings contribute to providing practical implications for destination managers and government policymakers. This is innovative work with a comprehensive and creative research framework for place attachment.The role of attributes of cycling tourism and enduring involvement in developing tourists’ place attachment
Junfeng Wang
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.1063-1078

This study aims to investigate the advancement of place attachment within the bicycle tourism context. Specifically, this study seeks to ascertain whether the four attributes of bicycle tourism (tourism attractions, accessibility, amenities and complementary services) and enduring involvement can serve as predictors of tourists’ place attachment. Also, the research endeavors to examine the positive effects generated by the four attributes of bicycle tourism on enduring involvement. Additionally, the mediating role that enduring involvement plays in attribute–place attachment relationships will be clarified.

The final 547 samples are collected from five WeChat cycling groups in Shanghai, and the partial least squares structural equation modeling approach is used to analyze the data.

The results show that each of the four attributes has a positive impact on place attachment. Moreover, tourism attractions, accessibility and amenities can be the drivers of enduring involvement. Enduring involvement mediates the tourism attractions–place attachment relationship, the accessibility–place attachment relationship, as well as the amenities–place attachment relationship.

This paper, to the best of the author’s knowledge, pioneeringly introduces the concept of enduring involvement and place attachment into bicycle tourism research, and the findings contribute to providing practical implications for destination managers and government policymakers.

This is innovative work with a comprehensive and creative research framework for place attachment.

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The role of attributes of cycling tourism and enduring involvement in developing tourists’ place attachment10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0103International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-10-24© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationJunfeng WangInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-10-2410.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0103https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0103/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Police service in urban destination points: does it promote urban destination advocacy among tourists?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-06-2023-0111/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to test an integrated model that examines the relationship between the service qualities of police at any urban tourist destination and the tourist urban destination advocacy at tourist cities in the Shimla region of India, where tourists’ trust in police acts as a mediating variable. This study mainly focused on the type of service shown by police officials to develop trust among the tourists, resulting in their urban destination advocacy. The questionnaire was adopted from previously developed and validated scales. The questionnaire was administered to different tourists who came to India. This study used the bootstrapping technique and structural equation modelling (SEM) to address the research questions and test the hypotheses. This study results indicate that trust in the police mediates the relationship between police service quality and tourist satisfaction at any urban tourist destination. The study’s findings add to the literature on tourists’ trust in policing tourist sites, police service quality and leader behaviour. The above-tested model has a very limited number of constructs. There are a variety of additional antecedents (e.g. police organization culture and urban destination attributes) and consequences (word-of-mouth referrals and customer identification) that could be considered for future research to develop a more comprehensive model. The cross-sectional study raises concerns about the causal relationships between constructs in the tested model. More substantial evidence of causality via longitudinal and experimental studies is needed. The study’s findings added a chapter to the literature by identifying how police service quality impacts tourist trust building and urban destination advocacy.Police service in urban destination points: does it promote urban destination advocacy among tourists?
Rashmi Singh, Lalatendu Kesari Jena
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.1079-1096

This study aims to test an integrated model that examines the relationship between the service qualities of police at any urban tourist destination and the tourist urban destination advocacy at tourist cities in the Shimla region of India, where tourists’ trust in police acts as a mediating variable. This study mainly focused on the type of service shown by police officials to develop trust among the tourists, resulting in their urban destination advocacy.

The questionnaire was adopted from previously developed and validated scales. The questionnaire was administered to different tourists who came to India. This study used the bootstrapping technique and structural equation modelling (SEM) to address the research questions and test the hypotheses.

This study results indicate that trust in the police mediates the relationship between police service quality and tourist satisfaction at any urban tourist destination. The study’s findings add to the literature on tourists’ trust in policing tourist sites, police service quality and leader behaviour.

The above-tested model has a very limited number of constructs. There are a variety of additional antecedents (e.g. police organization culture and urban destination attributes) and consequences (word-of-mouth referrals and customer identification) that could be considered for future research to develop a more comprehensive model. The cross-sectional study raises concerns about the causal relationships between constructs in the tested model. More substantial evidence of causality via longitudinal and experimental studies is needed.

The study’s findings added a chapter to the literature by identifying how police service quality impacts tourist trust building and urban destination advocacy.

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Police service in urban destination points: does it promote urban destination advocacy among tourists?10.1108/IJTC-06-2023-0111International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-11-09© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationRashmi SinghLalatendu Kesari JenaInternational Journal of Tourism Cities942023-11-0910.1108/IJTC-06-2023-0111https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-06-2023-0111/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Metaverse cannot be an extra marketing immersive tool to increase sales in tourism citieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-01-2024-0001/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the metaverse platform in a social context to better understand the future of this tool in tourism cities and how this can help to improve the well-being of residents in both digital and physical scenarios. In this paper, the current and probable developments in the metaverse, and its use in tourism cities and companies have been investigated. Moreover, this study develops, collects and examines the main metaverse definitions by expert authors and organizations as a methodology to ensure the transparency and credibility of the metaverse analysis. Findings suggest that the fusion of the metaverse and tourism cities must create residents’ services and experiences in the new MetaTourPolis to help interact and connect citizens with the city’s institutions and companies, as well as make tourism cities more attractive, innovative, environmentally friendly and healthier places to live. Metaverse will bring new changes for residents and tourists, in fact, this virtual platform is already changing and improving the residents’ quality of life and people with disabilities in tourism cities. For instance, the metaverse platform has been implemented in Seoul, Santa Monica and Dubai MetaTourPolis to interact with their residents, including people with disabilities, to resolve bureaucratic and administrative problems, avoiding this group and the rest of the residents travelling by bus or car to the city’s institutions. In addition, several metaverse applications based on softbot tutors or metaverse virtual social centres have been developed to improve blind and impaired people, and elderly people’ quality of life, respectively. A new concept called “MetaTourPolis” has been included to stage the relationship between tourism cities and the metaverse platform, where the fusion of metaverse and the new tourism polis of the 21st century will be at the service of citizens, tourists and companies, to create more sustainable, efficient, quantitative and environmental tourism cities.Metaverse cannot be an extra marketing immersive tool to increase sales in tourism cities
Lázaro Florido-Benítez
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the metaverse platform in a social context to better understand the future of this tool in tourism cities and how this can help to improve the well-being of residents in both digital and physical scenarios.

In this paper, the current and probable developments in the metaverse, and its use in tourism cities and companies have been investigated. Moreover, this study develops, collects and examines the main metaverse definitions by expert authors and organizations as a methodology to ensure the transparency and credibility of the metaverse analysis.

Findings suggest that the fusion of the metaverse and tourism cities must create residents’ services and experiences in the new MetaTourPolis to help interact and connect citizens with the city’s institutions and companies, as well as make tourism cities more attractive, innovative, environmentally friendly and healthier places to live. Metaverse will bring new changes for residents and tourists, in fact, this virtual platform is already changing and improving the residents’ quality of life and people with disabilities in tourism cities. For instance, the metaverse platform has been implemented in Seoul, Santa Monica and Dubai MetaTourPolis to interact with their residents, including people with disabilities, to resolve bureaucratic and administrative problems, avoiding this group and the rest of the residents travelling by bus or car to the city’s institutions. In addition, several metaverse applications based on softbot tutors or metaverse virtual social centres have been developed to improve blind and impaired people, and elderly people’ quality of life, respectively.

A new concept called “MetaTourPolis” has been included to stage the relationship between tourism cities and the metaverse platform, where the fusion of metaverse and the new tourism polis of the 21st century will be at the service of citizens, tourists and companies, to create more sustainable, efficient, quantitative and environmental tourism cities.

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Metaverse cannot be an extra marketing immersive tool to increase sales in tourism cities10.1108/IJTC-01-2024-0001International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-03-14© 2024 Lázaro Florido-Benítez.Lázaro Florido-BenítezInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-1410.1108/IJTC-01-2024-0001https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-01-2024-0001/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Lázaro Florido-Benítez.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Beyond the certification of smart tourism destination: insights from the city of Medellín in Colombiahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0056/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to give meaning to the smart tourism destination (STD) certification, highlighting its main advantages and limitations. The case of Medellín (Colombia) presents characteristics worth studying. The city has suffered from stigmatization and has recently started the steps to become an STD with the Spanish company Segittur (December 2020). Thus, this study aims to focus on the implications of the STD process, especially in an area that has been impacted by tourist activity. This paper is a qualitative and exploratory case study about Medellín in Colombia and its tourism development in an STD framework. After a theoretical exploration of the STD from an urban perspective, the paper will present a multiple data corpus to analyze the city’s certification process to turn into an STD. This methodology explores stakeholders on the destination, including an observation, and allows us to obtain an overview of the implications of the STD certification for Medellín. During the past decade, Medellín passed from a dangerous destination to a trendy destination. Findings reveal interesting results, considering the need to consider all aspects of territory as a central issue for the STD settlement and look beyond a technological approach. This paper lets to understand better the STD process established by the institution. Moreover, it highlights the gap between the coveted certification to become the first STD in Colombia and the realities of a Latin American territory. Este articulo pretende dar un significado a la certificación de destino turístico inteligente (DTI), destacando sus principales ventajas y limitaciones. El caso de Medellín (Colombia) presenta características relevantes de estudio. La ciudad ha sido ampliamente estigmatizada y recientemente ha iniciado el proceso de certificación para convertirse en destino turístico inteligente con la entidad española Segittur (dic. 2020). Dicho esto, queremos enfocarnos en las implicaciones de este proceso, especialmente en un área que ha sido impactada por la actividad turística. Este artículo comprende un estudio cualitativo y exploratorio sobre Medellín en Colombia y su desarrollo turístico en un marco de DTI. Luego de una exploración teórica del destino turístico inteligente desde una perspectiva urbana, el artículo presentará un corpus de múltiples datos para analizar el proceso de certificación de la ciudad en su conversión en una DTI. Nuestra metodología explora a los stakeholders sobre el destino, incluyendo una observación, y nos permite obtener una visión general de las implicaciones de la certificación DTI para Medellín. Durante la última década, Medellín pasó de ser un destino denominado de alto riesgo a un destino altamente recomendado. Los hallazgos revelan resultados interesantes, mostrando la necesidad de considerar todos los aspectos del territorio como un tema central para el asentamiento del DTI y mirar más allá de un enfoque tecnológico. Este trabajo permite tener una mejor comprensión del proceso de DTI establecido por la entidad Segittur. Además, resalta la brecha existente entre la deseada certificación y las realidades de un territorio latinoamericano.Beyond the certification of smart tourism destination: insights from the city of Medellín in Colombia
Naïma Aïdi, Nathalie Fabry
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to give meaning to the smart tourism destination (STD) certification, highlighting its main advantages and limitations. The case of Medellín (Colombia) presents characteristics worth studying. The city has suffered from stigmatization and has recently started the steps to become an STD with the Spanish company Segittur (December 2020). Thus, this study aims to focus on the implications of the STD process, especially in an area that has been impacted by tourist activity.

This paper is a qualitative and exploratory case study about Medellín in Colombia and its tourism development in an STD framework. After a theoretical exploration of the STD from an urban perspective, the paper will present a multiple data corpus to analyze the city’s certification process to turn into an STD. This methodology explores stakeholders on the destination, including an observation, and allows us to obtain an overview of the implications of the STD certification for Medellín.

During the past decade, Medellín passed from a dangerous destination to a trendy destination. Findings reveal interesting results, considering the need to consider all aspects of territory as a central issue for the STD settlement and look beyond a technological approach.

This paper lets to understand better the STD process established by the institution. Moreover, it highlights the gap between the coveted certification to become the first STD in Colombia and the realities of a Latin American territory.

Este articulo pretende dar un significado a la certificación de destino turístico inteligente (DTI), destacando sus principales ventajas y limitaciones. El caso de Medellín (Colombia) presenta características relevantes de estudio. La ciudad ha sido ampliamente estigmatizada y recientemente ha iniciado el proceso de certificación para convertirse en destino turístico inteligente con la entidad española Segittur (dic. 2020). Dicho esto, queremos enfocarnos en las implicaciones de este proceso, especialmente en un área que ha sido impactada por la actividad turística.

Este artículo comprende un estudio cualitativo y exploratorio sobre Medellín en Colombia y su desarrollo turístico en un marco de DTI. Luego de una exploración teórica del destino turístico inteligente desde una perspectiva urbana, el artículo presentará un corpus de múltiples datos para analizar el proceso de certificación de la ciudad en su conversión en una DTI. Nuestra metodología explora a los stakeholders sobre el destino, incluyendo una observación, y nos permite obtener una visión general de las implicaciones de la certificación DTI para Medellín.

Durante la última década, Medellín pasó de ser un destino denominado de alto riesgo a un destino altamente recomendado. Los hallazgos revelan resultados interesantes, mostrando la necesidad de considerar todos los aspectos del territorio como un tema central para el asentamiento del DTI y mirar más allá de un enfoque tecnológico.

Este trabajo permite tener una mejor comprensión del proceso de DTI establecido por la entidad Segittur. Además, resalta la brecha existente entre la deseada certificación y las realidades de un territorio latinoamericano.

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Beyond the certification of smart tourism destination: insights from the city of Medellín in Colombia10.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0056International Journal of Tourism Cities2022-10-31© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedNaïma AïdiNathalie FabryInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-10-3110.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0056https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0056/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The relationship between visitors’ motivations and satisfaction about a Brazilian sacred complexhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0060/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the relationship between the motivation and satisfaction of visitors, both tourists and residents, of a sacred urban complex located in Santa Catarina, Brazil. This descriptive research uses quantitative and survey methods to collect the data. The sample of this study consists of 400 visitors, comprising tourists and residents who were in Vale das Graças, Santa Catarina, Brazil, between August and September 2019. Descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis were used to analyse the data. The results of this study showed people who visit the site for reasons of religious belief, cultural pleasure and mental relaxation feel satisfied and emotionally touched by the religious atmosphere. It was also perceived that all dimensions of satisfaction significantly influenced the motivation to visit the Vale da Graça; that is, tourists and residents tend to feel more motivated to visit the Sacred Complex when they are satisfied with the contact with faith provoked by the visit. This research provides theoretical and managerial contributions. Initially, this study contributes to research related to urban religious tourism and the perception of residents and tourists (visitors) in relation to a sacred complex. In general, this research on the subject investigated only the tourist's perspective. In addition, this study also brings management contributions for the destination administrators by understanding the behaviour of visitors to religious tourist sites located in the urban area of municipalities and giving their opinions on the satisfaction and motivation of aspects related to religious contact to visit such sites, thus helping in the management process of the attraction and surroundings.The relationship between visitors’ motivations and satisfaction about a Brazilian sacred complex
Jaqueline de Souza Brogni, Luciano Torres Tricárico, Pablo Flores Limberger, Thamires Foletto Fiuza
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the relationship between the motivation and satisfaction of visitors, both tourists and residents, of a sacred urban complex located in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

This descriptive research uses quantitative and survey methods to collect the data. The sample of this study consists of 400 visitors, comprising tourists and residents who were in Vale das Graças, Santa Catarina, Brazil, between August and September 2019. Descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis were used to analyse the data.

The results of this study showed people who visit the site for reasons of religious belief, cultural pleasure and mental relaxation feel satisfied and emotionally touched by the religious atmosphere. It was also perceived that all dimensions of satisfaction significantly influenced the motivation to visit the Vale da Graça; that is, tourists and residents tend to feel more motivated to visit the Sacred Complex when they are satisfied with the contact with faith provoked by the visit.

This research provides theoretical and managerial contributions. Initially, this study contributes to research related to urban religious tourism and the perception of residents and tourists (visitors) in relation to a sacred complex. In general, this research on the subject investigated only the tourist's perspective. In addition, this study also brings management contributions for the destination administrators by understanding the behaviour of visitors to religious tourist sites located in the urban area of municipalities and giving their opinions on the satisfaction and motivation of aspects related to religious contact to visit such sites, thus helping in the management process of the attraction and surroundings.

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The relationship between visitors’ motivations and satisfaction about a Brazilian sacred complex10.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0060International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-08-08© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationJaqueline de Souza BrogniLuciano Torres TricáricoPablo Flores LimbergerThamires Foletto FiuzaInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-0810.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0060https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0060/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Tourism and public insecurity: what are its roots?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0076/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestStudies examining public insecurity and tourism tend to develop their research from the tourist's perspective, thereby focusing on its consequences, which insufficiently and poorly contribute to the development process. With that in mind, the purpose of this study is to discuss the root causes of public insecurity and the urban development process surrounding tourism dynamics in Brazil's northeast region. The complexity method was used to collect both documentary and normative data to understand the reality beyond the data on accommodations and vertical real estate developments over time. These data were organized in ArcGIS (version 10.5) and are discussed within the context of urban development, public insecurity and tourism theories. The results of this study demonstrate that the relationship between tourism and public insecurity is rooted in discussions surrounding the urban development process, remodeled by the physical and symbolic dimensions surrounding the production of space. Nevertheless, the symbolism of tourism is not a constant when it comes to socio-spatial changes but rather acts as a physical and secondary dynamic throughout the entire reconfiguration process. The findings of this study indicate that this study can be used for the elaboration of security policies in tourist destinations in Latin America that present high levels of violence, considering the discourses at implementing urban legislation.Tourism and public insecurity: what are its roots?
Ana Catarina Coutinho, Wilker Ricardo Nóbrega
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Studies examining public insecurity and tourism tend to develop their research from the tourist's perspective, thereby focusing on its consequences, which insufficiently and poorly contribute to the development process. With that in mind, the purpose of this study is to discuss the root causes of public insecurity and the urban development process surrounding tourism dynamics in Brazil's northeast region.

The complexity method was used to collect both documentary and normative data to understand the reality beyond the data on accommodations and vertical real estate developments over time. These data were organized in ArcGIS (version 10.5) and are discussed within the context of urban development, public insecurity and tourism theories.

The results of this study demonstrate that the relationship between tourism and public insecurity is rooted in discussions surrounding the urban development process, remodeled by the physical and symbolic dimensions surrounding the production of space. Nevertheless, the symbolism of tourism is not a constant when it comes to socio-spatial changes but rather acts as a physical and secondary dynamic throughout the entire reconfiguration process.

The findings of this study indicate that this study can be used for the elaboration of security policies in tourist destinations in Latin America that present high levels of violence, considering the discourses at implementing urban legislation.

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Tourism and public insecurity: what are its roots?10.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0076International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-04-06© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationAna Catarina CoutinhoWilker Ricardo NóbregaInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-04-0610.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0076https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0076/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
To return or not to return: an investigation of dilemma among medical students to revisit Ukraine for educational tourismhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-03-2023-0050/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestUkraine hosts thousands of international students for educational tourism, of which more than 18,000 Indian medical students were compelled to escape Ukraine under emergency conditions of war. This paper aims to examine their intention to return to Ukraine to complete their education based on an integrated theory of planned behaviour (TPB) framework with added constructs, i.e. risk perception, career anxiety, rescue and relief memory. The data were collected from 26 February 2022 to 30 June 2022 in two phases and two modes. It was ensured that the respondents were strictly confined to Indian medical students who had travelled to Ukraine for educational tourism. SPSS 25 and AMOS 23.0 were used to analyse the data. The hypotheses proposed were statistically tested. The analysis reveals that the extended TPB model resulted in a strong model and the empirical findings corroborate that the students’ attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and career anxiety significantly and positively influence the students’ revisit intention (RI) while risk perception and rescue and relief memory have a negative influence on the RI. The study provides timely insights and implications to the Ukrainian tourism industry, particularly educational tourism business and medical institutions under the present turmoil, which can also act as blueprint research for destinations with a similar unstable political background. The primary value of this research work is that it provides an understanding of the intention of medical students (educational tourists) towards revisiting the war-hit destination of Ukraine.To return or not to return: an investigation of dilemma among medical students to revisit Ukraine for educational tourism
Samiha Siddiqui, Sujood , Naseem Bano, Sheeba Hamid
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Ukraine hosts thousands of international students for educational tourism, of which more than 18,000 Indian medical students were compelled to escape Ukraine under emergency conditions of war. This paper aims to examine their intention to return to Ukraine to complete their education based on an integrated theory of planned behaviour (TPB) framework with added constructs, i.e. risk perception, career anxiety, rescue and relief memory.

The data were collected from 26 February 2022 to 30 June 2022 in two phases and two modes. It was ensured that the respondents were strictly confined to Indian medical students who had travelled to Ukraine for educational tourism. SPSS 25 and AMOS 23.0 were used to analyse the data. The hypotheses proposed were statistically tested.

The analysis reveals that the extended TPB model resulted in a strong model and the empirical findings corroborate that the students’ attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and career anxiety significantly and positively influence the students’ revisit intention (RI) while risk perception and rescue and relief memory have a negative influence on the RI.

The study provides timely insights and implications to the Ukrainian tourism industry, particularly educational tourism business and medical institutions under the present turmoil, which can also act as blueprint research for destinations with a similar unstable political background.

The primary value of this research work is that it provides an understanding of the intention of medical students (educational tourists) towards revisiting the war-hit destination of Ukraine.

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To return or not to return: an investigation of dilemma among medical students to revisit Ukraine for educational tourism10.1108/IJTC-03-2023-0050International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-09-28© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationSamiha SiddiquiSujood Naseem BanoSheeba HamidInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-09-2810.1108/IJTC-03-2023-0050https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-03-2023-0050/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Quality, expenditure, and loyalty in a cultural event: a longitudinal studyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0080/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe impact of event quality on expenditure and visitors’ loyalty has been an issue seldom analyzed by festival literature. These same incidental relations were not assessed from a temporary perspective in the case of recurrent cultural events. This paper aims to explore these causal relationships and to report on the moderation effect of the temporary inquiry on the editions of the festival. Nine hypotheses were examined through squares SEM techniques, and the model validation was carried out by assessing the measurement and structural model. In addition, a multi-group analysis was performed to test the temporary moderation effect. Finally, a survey was applied during three successive editions (2013 = 164 cases, 2014 = 154 cases, 2015 = 128 cases). The local and ephemeral nature of the festival favors immediate consumption, and the budget share increase among categories passes through diversification to stimulate purchases. In this particular context, the moderation induced by the sequence of editions had a conclusive impact on the analyzed relationships, generating the need to focus on the temporary variability to understand and operate the recurrent events. The strengthening of the festival went through a stage where it opened to other segments of visitors despite the dominant opinion to preserve the local character of the event. In addition, this study clarifies that a retrospective analysis of previous editions, when compared to the stationarity perspective of the festival, allows a better understanding of the required upgrading to preserve visitor loyalty. El impacto de la calidad del evento en el gasto y la lealtad de los visitantes ha sido un tema pocas veces analizado por la literatura de los festivales. Estas mismas relaciones incidentales no fueron valoradas desde una perspectiva temporal en el caso de eventos culturales recurrentes. El artículo explora estas relaciones causales e informa sobre el efecto moderador de la investigación longitudinal de las ediciones del festival. Se examinaron nueve hipótesis a través de técnicas de cuadrados MES, y la validación se llevó a cabo mediante la evaluación del modelo estructural y de medición. Además, se realizó un análisis multigrupo para probar el efecto de moderación longitudinal. Los datos analizados provienen de encuestas aplicadas durante tres ediciones sucesivas (2013 = 164 casos, 2014 = 154 casos, 2015 = 128 casos). El carácter local y efímero del evento favorece el consumo inmediato, y el aumento de la participación en el gasto entre categorías pasa por la diversificación que permite estimular la compra. En este contexto particular, la moderación inducida por la secuencia de ediciones incidió contundentemente en las relaciones analizadas, generando la necesidad de prestar atención a los cambios temporales para comprender y operar los eventos recurrentes. El fortalecimiento del festival pasó por una etapa donde se abrió a otros segmentos de visitantes a pesar de la opinión dominante de preservar el carácter local del evento. Además, este estudio aclara que un análisis retrospectivo de ediciones anteriores, en comparación con la perspectiva de la estacionariedad del evento, permite gestionar la actualización necesaria que permite preservar la lealtad del visitante.Quality, expenditure, and loyalty in a cultural event: a longitudinal study
Nora L. Bringas-Rábago, Djamel Toudert
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The impact of event quality on expenditure and visitors’ loyalty has been an issue seldom analyzed by festival literature. These same incidental relations were not assessed from a temporary perspective in the case of recurrent cultural events. This paper aims to explore these causal relationships and to report on the moderation effect of the temporary inquiry on the editions of the festival.

Nine hypotheses were examined through squares SEM techniques, and the model validation was carried out by assessing the measurement and structural model. In addition, a multi-group analysis was performed to test the temporary moderation effect. Finally, a survey was applied during three successive editions (2013 = 164 cases, 2014 = 154 cases, 2015 = 128 cases).

The local and ephemeral nature of the festival favors immediate consumption, and the budget share increase among categories passes through diversification to stimulate purchases. In this particular context, the moderation induced by the sequence of editions had a conclusive impact on the analyzed relationships, generating the need to focus on the temporary variability to understand and operate the recurrent events.

The strengthening of the festival went through a stage where it opened to other segments of visitors despite the dominant opinion to preserve the local character of the event. In addition, this study clarifies that a retrospective analysis of previous editions, when compared to the stationarity perspective of the festival, allows a better understanding of the required upgrading to preserve visitor loyalty.

El impacto de la calidad del evento en el gasto y la lealtad de los visitantes ha sido un tema pocas veces analizado por la literatura de los festivales. Estas mismas relaciones incidentales no fueron valoradas desde una perspectiva temporal en el caso de eventos culturales recurrentes. El artículo explora estas relaciones causales e informa sobre el efecto moderador de la investigación longitudinal de las ediciones del festival.

Se examinaron nueve hipótesis a través de técnicas de cuadrados MES, y la validación se llevó a cabo mediante la evaluación del modelo estructural y de medición. Además, se realizó un análisis multigrupo para probar el efecto de moderación longitudinal. Los datos analizados provienen de encuestas aplicadas durante tres ediciones sucesivas (2013 = 164 casos, 2014 = 154 casos, 2015 = 128 casos).

El carácter local y efímero del evento favorece el consumo inmediato, y el aumento de la participación en el gasto entre categorías pasa por la diversificación que permite estimular la compra. En este contexto particular, la moderación inducida por la secuencia de ediciones incidió contundentemente en las relaciones analizadas, generando la necesidad de prestar atención a los cambios temporales para comprender y operar los eventos recurrentes.

El fortalecimiento del festival pasó por una etapa donde se abrió a otros segmentos de visitantes a pesar de la opinión dominante de preservar el carácter local del evento. Además, este estudio aclara que un análisis retrospectivo de ediciones anteriores, en comparación con la perspectiva de la estacionariedad del evento, permite gestionar la actualización necesaria que permite preservar la lealtad del visitante.

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Quality, expenditure, and loyalty in a cultural event: a longitudinal study10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0080International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-03-22© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationNora L. Bringas-RábagoDjamel ToudertInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-2210.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0080https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0080/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Tourism and COVID-19 in China: recovery and resilience strategies of main Chinese tourism citieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0084/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to investigate the recovery and resilience tourism strategies and possible future development of four main Chinese tourism cities. The authors collected data from the official accounts of tourism administrations of these cities, tourist attractions and opinions from media and newspapers in Sina Weibo platform. The authors adopted an inductive approach in observing relevant social media posts and applied content analysis to identify main China’s tourism prevention and recovery strategies. During the mass pandemic infection period, top-down prevention and control measures were implemented by the Chinese central and local governments, with feasible and regional recovery policies and protocols being adapted according to local situations. Measures related to tourism industrial re-employment, improvement of international images and governmental financial supports to re-boost local tourism in Chinese cities were paid great attention. Digitalization, close-to-nature and cultural heritages became important factors in the future development of China’s tourism. Dark tourism, as a potential tourism recovery strategy, also obtained huge emergence, for the memory of people deceased in the pandemic and for the inheritance of national patriotism. This study enriches the current literature in urban tourism recovery studies analyzing the specific case of Chinese tourism cities and fulfill some voids of previous research mostly focused on the first wave of the pandemic and the recovery strategies mainly of Western cities. It also provides valuable suggestions to tourism practitioners, destinations and urban cities in dealing with regional tourism recession and finding possible solutions for the scenario associated to the COVID-19 and other similar health crisis.Tourism and COVID-19 in China: recovery and resilience strategies of main Chinese tourism cities
Luqi Yang, Xiaoni Li, Ana Beatriz Hernández-Lara
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the recovery and resilience tourism strategies and possible future development of four main Chinese tourism cities.

The authors collected data from the official accounts of tourism administrations of these cities, tourist attractions and opinions from media and newspapers in Sina Weibo platform. The authors adopted an inductive approach in observing relevant social media posts and applied content analysis to identify main China’s tourism prevention and recovery strategies.

During the mass pandemic infection period, top-down prevention and control measures were implemented by the Chinese central and local governments, with feasible and regional recovery policies and protocols being adapted according to local situations. Measures related to tourism industrial re-employment, improvement of international images and governmental financial supports to re-boost local tourism in Chinese cities were paid great attention. Digitalization, close-to-nature and cultural heritages became important factors in the future development of China’s tourism. Dark tourism, as a potential tourism recovery strategy, also obtained huge emergence, for the memory of people deceased in the pandemic and for the inheritance of national patriotism.

This study enriches the current literature in urban tourism recovery studies analyzing the specific case of Chinese tourism cities and fulfill some voids of previous research mostly focused on the first wave of the pandemic and the recovery strategies mainly of Western cities. It also provides valuable suggestions to tourism practitioners, destinations and urban cities in dealing with regional tourism recession and finding possible solutions for the scenario associated to the COVID-19 and other similar health crisis.

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Tourism and COVID-19 in China: recovery and resilience strategies of main Chinese tourism cities10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0084International Journal of Tourism Cities2022-12-12© 2022 Luqi Yang, Xiaoni Li and Ana Beatriz Hernández-Lara.Luqi YangXiaoni LiAna Beatriz Hernández-LaraInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-1210.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0084https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0084/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Luqi Yang, Xiaoni Li and Ana Beatriz Hernández-Lara.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
What makes Indian domestic tourists crowd-friendly in the post-COVID-19 phase?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0089/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to explore the good crowding effect among Indian domestic travellers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of the city destination. This study uses the framework of social motivation theory to achieve the objective. This study adopted a qualitative research design by taking the case of Shimla, Himachal Pradesh. Using purposive sampling, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 37 respondents, and themes were drawn manually. The analysis found four themes that create a good crowding effect among domestic tourists, namely, convenience and price; familiarity and place attachment; social affiliation; and safety. The themes indicated that despite the pandemic, and constant occurrences of new variants, Indian domestic tourists’ on-site attitude towards crowding was favourable. Firstly, the good crowding effect during the pandemic could have been better understood using empirical data. Secondly, the results cannot be generalized, specifically for developed economies. This study offers practical implications to destination managers and local administrative bodies for whom achieving sustainability in urban tourism has always been concerning. These include developing infrastructural facilities, encouraging cultural activities in city centres and improving the perception of safety to sustain the good crowding effect. The affective dimension involved in making a travelling decision played a significant role in the post-pandemic phase. While suppliers needed survival, tourists needed social affiliation and escape from the mandated home isolation due to multiple phases of COVID-19 lockdown in India. This study adds value to society by emphasising that the need for social affiliation among travellers remains intact, and the tourism industry should embrace this transformation. While most of the pandemic-related studies criticised crowd and tourists’ crowd averting behaviour, this study reported that the good crowding effect could also be an outcome owing to different factors. Therefore, this study offers distinctive nuance of tourists’ behaviour in the post-COVID-19 phase, allowing destination managers and tourism stakeholders to re-think their strategies.What makes Indian domestic tourists crowd-friendly in the post-COVID-19 phase?
Pinaz Tiwari, Nimit Chowdhary
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to explore the good crowding effect among Indian domestic travellers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of the city destination. This study uses the framework of social motivation theory to achieve the objective.

This study adopted a qualitative research design by taking the case of Shimla, Himachal Pradesh. Using purposive sampling, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 37 respondents, and themes were drawn manually.

The analysis found four themes that create a good crowding effect among domestic tourists, namely, convenience and price; familiarity and place attachment; social affiliation; and safety. The themes indicated that despite the pandemic, and constant occurrences of new variants, Indian domestic tourists’ on-site attitude towards crowding was favourable.

Firstly, the good crowding effect during the pandemic could have been better understood using empirical data. Secondly, the results cannot be generalized, specifically for developed economies.

This study offers practical implications to destination managers and local administrative bodies for whom achieving sustainability in urban tourism has always been concerning. These include developing infrastructural facilities, encouraging cultural activities in city centres and improving the perception of safety to sustain the good crowding effect.

The affective dimension involved in making a travelling decision played a significant role in the post-pandemic phase. While suppliers needed survival, tourists needed social affiliation and escape from the mandated home isolation due to multiple phases of COVID-19 lockdown in India. This study adds value to society by emphasising that the need for social affiliation among travellers remains intact, and the tourism industry should embrace this transformation.

While most of the pandemic-related studies criticised crowd and tourists’ crowd averting behaviour, this study reported that the good crowding effect could also be an outcome owing to different factors. Therefore, this study offers distinctive nuance of tourists’ behaviour in the post-COVID-19 phase, allowing destination managers and tourism stakeholders to re-think their strategies.

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What makes Indian domestic tourists crowd-friendly in the post-COVID-19 phase?10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0089International Journal of Tourism Cities2022-10-05© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedPinaz TiwariNimit ChowdharyInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-10-0510.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0089https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0089/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Tourists’ perceived destination image and heritage conservation intention: a comparative study of heritage and film-induced imageshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0093/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestKaiping Diaolou in Guangdong Province, China, is a UNESCO World Heritage site that is often used as a film location. This study aims to investigate the antecedents of film-induced heritage conservation behaviour in tourists visiting Kaiping Diaolou. The conceptual premises of stimulus-organism-response theory were used to provide additional insight into the impact of film- and heritage-induced images, and tourists’ perceived authenticity, destination attachment and heritage conservation intention. The authors tested the hypotheses using covariance-based structural equation modelling by using the data collected from the 391 valid questionnaires. The empirical results reveal that both film- and heritage-induced images have a direct impact on tourists’ heritage conservation intention. Furthermore, perceived authenticity and destination attachment fully mediate the relationship between destination image and conservation intention, while the serial multiple mediator effect in the heritage destination image model is not significant. The findings contribute to the understanding of tourists’ heritage conservation intention through the lens of destination image, perceived authenticity and destination attachment. The study’s findings enrich the literature on film and heritage tourism regarding destination image construction and heritage conservation and have implications for the sustainable development of heritage tourism and heritage conservation, as well as the marketing of heritage sites. 位于中国广东省的开平碉楼是联合国教科文组织认证的世界文化遗产, 并经常被用作电影拍摄地。本研究调查了影响开平碉楼影视旅游游客的遗产保护行为的前因。本研究采用刺激-有机体-反应 (SOR) 理论的概念, 探究电影和遗产所诱发的目的地形象、游客的感知真实性和目的地依恋, 对游客遗产保护意图的影响。 本研究共回收 391 份有效问卷, 并使用基于协方差的结构方程模型来检验研究假设。 实证结果表明, 电影和遗产诱导的目的地形象都直接影响游客的遗产保护意愿。此外, 游客的感知真实性和目的地依恋完全中介了目的地形象与保护意愿之间的关系。但是在遗产目的地形象的模型中, 感知真实性和目的地依恋的串行多重中介效应不显着。 研究结果有助于通过目的地形象、感知真实性和目的地依恋来理解游客的遗产保护意图。本研究丰富了关于目的地形象建设和遗产保护的文献, 并对遗产旅游和遗产保护的可持续发展以及遗产地的营销产生了积极影响。Tourists’ perceived destination image and heritage conservation intention: a comparative study of heritage and film-induced images
Su Zhang, Yin-Hsi Lo
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Kaiping Diaolou in Guangdong Province, China, is a UNESCO World Heritage site that is often used as a film location. This study aims to investigate the antecedents of film-induced heritage conservation behaviour in tourists visiting Kaiping Diaolou. The conceptual premises of stimulus-organism-response theory were used to provide additional insight into the impact of film- and heritage-induced images, and tourists’ perceived authenticity, destination attachment and heritage conservation intention.

The authors tested the hypotheses using covariance-based structural equation modelling by using the data collected from the 391 valid questionnaires.

The empirical results reveal that both film- and heritage-induced images have a direct impact on tourists’ heritage conservation intention. Furthermore, perceived authenticity and destination attachment fully mediate the relationship between destination image and conservation intention, while the serial multiple mediator effect in the heritage destination image model is not significant.

The findings contribute to the understanding of tourists’ heritage conservation intention through the lens of destination image, perceived authenticity and destination attachment. The study’s findings enrich the literature on film and heritage tourism regarding destination image construction and heritage conservation and have implications for the sustainable development of heritage tourism and heritage conservation, as well as the marketing of heritage sites.

位于中国广东省的开平碉楼是联合国教科文组织认证的世界文化遗产, 并经常被用作电影拍摄地。本研究调查了影响开平碉楼影视旅游游客的遗产保护行为的前因。本研究采用刺激-有机体-反应 (SOR) 理论的概念, 探究电影和遗产所诱发的目的地形象、游客的感知真实性和目的地依恋, 对游客遗产保护意图的影响。

本研究共回收 391 份有效问卷, 并使用基于协方差的结构方程模型来检验研究假设。

实证结果表明, 电影和遗产诱导的目的地形象都直接影响游客的遗产保护意愿。此外, 游客的感知真实性和目的地依恋完全中介了目的地形象与保护意愿之间的关系。但是在遗产目的地形象的模型中, 感知真实性和目的地依恋的串行多重中介效应不显着。

研究结果有助于通过目的地形象、感知真实性和目的地依恋来理解游客的遗产保护意图。本研究丰富了关于目的地形象建设和遗产保护的文献, 并对遗产旅游和遗产保护的可持续发展以及遗产地的营销产生了积极影响。

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Tourists’ perceived destination image and heritage conservation intention: a comparative study of heritage and film-induced images10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0093International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-07-03© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationSu ZhangYin-Hsi LoInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-07-0310.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0093https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0093/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Chernobyl dreams: investigating visitors’ storytelling in the Chernobyl exclusion zonehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0094/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestLittle is known about the overall meaning of the Chernobyl exclusion zone (CEZ) from the visitors’ point of view. Conceptualizing the zone as a storyscape and its narratives as intangible heritage resources, this study aims to investigate the visitors’ engagement with these resources and the resulting articulations from the engagements as translated into verbal and visual storytelling. Participant observation and participant generated images in combination with in-depth interviews with different types of tourists were conducted. This paper uses the photographs chosen by the interviewees themselves as a photo essay to explore the evocation of stories through narrative engagement. Through participant-oriented research, this study identified three dominant storytelling themes through which visitors focus their understanding of the CEZ. Visitors’ narrative engagements and visual storytelling co-produce the site and entail fluid and even conflicting narrative articulations about the CEZ and its cultural significance. The discoveries of this study stem from a unique developing heritage site. This study provided a more nuanced understanding of the different visitor categories in the CEZ and their group-specific ways to articulate, imagine and co-produce the storyscape of Chernobyl. Gaining insight into the verbal and visual storytelling of tourists will contribute to the discussion of narrative consumption of different consumption profiles in tourism sites in addition to the mediation and construction of entangled memory spaces.Chernobyl dreams: investigating visitors’ storytelling in the Chernobyl exclusion zone
Veera Ojala
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Little is known about the overall meaning of the Chernobyl exclusion zone (CEZ) from the visitors’ point of view. Conceptualizing the zone as a storyscape and its narratives as intangible heritage resources, this study aims to investigate the visitors’ engagement with these resources and the resulting articulations from the engagements as translated into verbal and visual storytelling.

Participant observation and participant generated images in combination with in-depth interviews with different types of tourists were conducted. This paper uses the photographs chosen by the interviewees themselves as a photo essay to explore the evocation of stories through narrative engagement.

Through participant-oriented research, this study identified three dominant storytelling themes through which visitors focus their understanding of the CEZ. Visitors’ narrative engagements and visual storytelling co-produce the site and entail fluid and even conflicting narrative articulations about the CEZ and its cultural significance.

The discoveries of this study stem from a unique developing heritage site. This study provided a more nuanced understanding of the different visitor categories in the CEZ and their group-specific ways to articulate, imagine and co-produce the storyscape of Chernobyl.

Gaining insight into the verbal and visual storytelling of tourists will contribute to the discussion of narrative consumption of different consumption profiles in tourism sites in addition to the mediation and construction of entangled memory spaces.

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Chernobyl dreams: investigating visitors’ storytelling in the Chernobyl exclusion zone10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0094International Journal of Tourism Cities2022-12-13© 2022 Veera Ojala.Veera OjalaInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-1310.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0094https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2022-0094/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Veera Ojala.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Sustainable tourism concept: tourist satisfaction and destination loyaltyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2023-0074/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to look into and evaluate a sustainability-based destination loyalty model that takes into account how people perceive the urban destination in alignment with represented concept of sustainable tourism. Using a convenience sampling technique, 414 questionnaires were sent out to nonresident tourists (outside Bandung city) in Indonesia using online survey platforms and analyzed with the structural equation model method. Socioeconomic image, cultural image and environmental image all have a beneficial effect on tourists’ satisfaction levels. Furthermore, tourist satisfaction has a direct impact on destination loyalty. When it comes to tourists’ loyalty to a particular destination, only the degree to which they were satisfied moderated the influence of socioeconomic, cultural and environmental images. The research sample exclusively comprised tourists hailing from Indonesia, a developing nation. Subsequent studies may evaluate tourists from various nations to obtain a more precise comprehension of the tourist population. Authorities and destination organizations should periodically examine tourists to get a feel for how they feel about a destination’s sustainability, so they can adjust policies as needed to keep tourism there viable over the long term. This study aims to fill a significant gap in the existing literature by examining the impact of sustainable practices and initiatives on tourists’ satisfaction to an urban destination. The examination of the relationship between efforts to promote sustainability and destination loyalty can offer valuable insights for destination managers and policymakers who aim to improve long-term tourist relationships.Sustainable tourism concept: tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty
Echo Perdana Kusumah
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to look into and evaluate a sustainability-based destination loyalty model that takes into account how people perceive the urban destination in alignment with represented concept of sustainable tourism.

Using a convenience sampling technique, 414 questionnaires were sent out to nonresident tourists (outside Bandung city) in Indonesia using online survey platforms and analyzed with the structural equation model method.

Socioeconomic image, cultural image and environmental image all have a beneficial effect on tourists’ satisfaction levels. Furthermore, tourist satisfaction has a direct impact on destination loyalty. When it comes to tourists’ loyalty to a particular destination, only the degree to which they were satisfied moderated the influence of socioeconomic, cultural and environmental images.

The research sample exclusively comprised tourists hailing from Indonesia, a developing nation. Subsequent studies may evaluate tourists from various nations to obtain a more precise comprehension of the tourist population.

Authorities and destination organizations should periodically examine tourists to get a feel for how they feel about a destination’s sustainability, so they can adjust policies as needed to keep tourism there viable over the long term.

This study aims to fill a significant gap in the existing literature by examining the impact of sustainable practices and initiatives on tourists’ satisfaction to an urban destination. The examination of the relationship between efforts to promote sustainability and destination loyalty can offer valuable insights for destination managers and policymakers who aim to improve long-term tourist relationships.

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Sustainable tourism concept: tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty10.1108/IJTC-04-2023-0074International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-12-05© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationEcho Perdana KusumahInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-12-0510.1108/IJTC-04-2023-0074https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-04-2023-0074/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Curating pasts: musealization and tourism in Chinese citieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0110/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestChina has been going through a “museum boom” paralleling the domestic tourism boom since 2000; such growth changed the cultural landscape; museums became a vital characteristic of some Chinese cities for both residents and tourists. Encouraged by this growth, the more ambitious “All-for-one Museum (全域博物馆)” was proposed. The physical boundary between museums and living spaces is infinite ambiguity, challenging the idea of museums as “heterotopias.” This study aims to explore the musealization of urban spaces in the context of anthropology and museology, scrutinizing the cultural-political intentions and meanings of these developments, and seeks to ignite further investigation into the reconstruction of historical imaginaries for tourists and urban populations across related disciplines. This paper examines two cases in Chinese metropolises, Beijing and Shanghai, to illustrate this development of musealization, that is, how the cities actively leverage museological values and methods to connect with their past. In the Beijing case, the authors explore how the local government is leading the effort to musealize the city; in the Shanghai case, they will see how tourists, especially dweller-tourists, navigate through a curated past story in the city and connect their own experience, memory and identity with the place. The all-for-one museum creates a museal layer projected onto the bigger urban space, even though the authenticity of the “past” is challenged by the modernization development of the city. The authors also find out that for some tourists (especially dweller-tourists), an existential sense of authenticity plays a more significant role as they not only seek to sightsee the past of the city but also to take part in its creation. This paper discusses two kinds of musealization in cosmopolitan cities of Beijing and Shanghai: top-down and bottom-up. It approaches questions about the musealization of urban spaces from the perspectives of anthropology and museology, and discusses musealization in the specific historical context of China’s modernization process.Curating pasts: musealization and tourism in Chinese cities
Wenhong Luo, Nelson Graburn
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

China has been going through a “museum boom” paralleling the domestic tourism boom since 2000; such growth changed the cultural landscape; museums became a vital characteristic of some Chinese cities for both residents and tourists. Encouraged by this growth, the more ambitious “All-for-one Museum (全域博物馆)” was proposed. The physical boundary between museums and living spaces is infinite ambiguity, challenging the idea of museums as “heterotopias.” This study aims to explore the musealization of urban spaces in the context of anthropology and museology, scrutinizing the cultural-political intentions and meanings of these developments, and seeks to ignite further investigation into the reconstruction of historical imaginaries for tourists and urban populations across related disciplines.

This paper examines two cases in Chinese metropolises, Beijing and Shanghai, to illustrate this development of musealization, that is, how the cities actively leverage museological values and methods to connect with their past. In the Beijing case, the authors explore how the local government is leading the effort to musealize the city; in the Shanghai case, they will see how tourists, especially dweller-tourists, navigate through a curated past story in the city and connect their own experience, memory and identity with the place.

The all-for-one museum creates a museal layer projected onto the bigger urban space, even though the authenticity of the “past” is challenged by the modernization development of the city. The authors also find out that for some tourists (especially dweller-tourists), an existential sense of authenticity plays a more significant role as they not only seek to sightsee the past of the city but also to take part in its creation.

This paper discusses two kinds of musealization in cosmopolitan cities of Beijing and Shanghai: top-down and bottom-up. It approaches questions about the musealization of urban spaces from the perspectives of anthropology and museology, and discusses musealization in the specific historical context of China’s modernization process.

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Curating pasts: musealization and tourism in Chinese cities10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0110International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-10-19© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationWenhong LuoNelson GraburnInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-1910.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0110https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0110/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Stakeholder perceptions of volunteer tourism community impacthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0116/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to examine volunteer tourism (VT) experiences of three stakeholder groups in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The guiding research question is: how does VT influence marginalized communities from the perspectives of different stakeholders? This study was developed to address a need for further research that critically looks at the social impacts of VT in vulnerable communities and analyze the nature of VT by reviewing concepts related to sustainable tourism and social representation theory (SRT). Using a phenomenological approach, this study is founded on SRT to understand the lived experiences of VT and the perceptions of its impacts on favela (slum) communities. This paper describes and interprets these meanings with a high degree of depth and richness using interviews, observation and document analysis. The experiences of community residents, voluntourists and non-governmental organization (NGO) staff are considered. Study findings indicate that the different groups expressed several benefits and obstacles to VT. Voluntourists had a difficult time interpreting what influences VT has in general for the community focusing more inwardly on their personal experiences. Community residents experienced VT differently than the other groups. They identified the most benefits from VT and felt that they had the ability to create representations of themselves and of their community overall. NGOs expressed positive aspects of VT such as more community participation but noted concerns with voluntourists’ commitment. This study is one of few to consider and compare the VT perceptions of three different stakeholder groups in vulnerable communities.Stakeholder perceptions of volunteer tourism community impact
Jessica Aquino, Kathleen L. Andereck
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to examine volunteer tourism (VT) experiences of three stakeholder groups in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The guiding research question is: how does VT influence marginalized communities from the perspectives of different stakeholders? This study was developed to address a need for further research that critically looks at the social impacts of VT in vulnerable communities and analyze the nature of VT by reviewing concepts related to sustainable tourism and social representation theory (SRT).

Using a phenomenological approach, this study is founded on SRT to understand the lived experiences of VT and the perceptions of its impacts on favela (slum) communities. This paper describes and interprets these meanings with a high degree of depth and richness using interviews, observation and document analysis. The experiences of community residents, voluntourists and non-governmental organization (NGO) staff are considered.

Study findings indicate that the different groups expressed several benefits and obstacles to VT. Voluntourists had a difficult time interpreting what influences VT has in general for the community focusing more inwardly on their personal experiences. Community residents experienced VT differently than the other groups. They identified the most benefits from VT and felt that they had the ability to create representations of themselves and of their community overall. NGOs expressed positive aspects of VT such as more community participation but noted concerns with voluntourists’ commitment.

This study is one of few to consider and compare the VT perceptions of three different stakeholder groups in vulnerable communities.

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Stakeholder perceptions of volunteer tourism community impact10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0116International Journal of Tourism Cities2022-09-07© 2022 International Tourism Studies Association.Jessica AquinoKathleen L. AndereckInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-0710.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0116https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0116/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 International Tourism Studies Association.
Tourist walkability and sustainable community-based tourism: conceptual framework and strategic modelhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0117/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to determine the significance of tourist walkability on three community-based tourism sustainability indicators, namely, the economic, social and environmental benefits and costs impacting community’s quality of life through the lens of the triple bottom line approach with the institutional theory. This study views institutions as either enabling or restricting the sustainable community-based tourism because institutions influence resource integration and value assessment by the beneficiary. Moreover, institutions also lead the co-creation of sustainable community-based tourism among various stakeholders. Drawing on this conceptualisation, the notion of sustainable community-based tourism is filtered through the lens of institutional theory. Thus, this work approaches sustainable community-based tourism as a dynamic process of co-creating a tourist destination formed by different actors’ and institutions within the ecosystem of the tourist destination. Meanwhile, the triple bottom line benefits and costs experienced by the overall community would produce net effects on the residents’ perceptions of sustainable tourism. This paper classifies both tangible and intangible costs and benefits because of tourist walkability and its triple bottom line trade-offs experienced by tourists and residents. This paper penetrates new grounds by reviewing the triple bottom line impacts of tourist walkability on residents’ quality of life. Government policies as mediating variable and national culture and individual personalities of tourists and residents as moderating variables were discussed. A conceptual framework named Tourist Walkability Sustainable Tourism Impact on Residents (TWSTIR) is proposed. Finally, a Sustainable Community-based Tourism Strategic (SCBTS) model which is based on the two dimensions of intensity of tourist walkability and residents’ quality of life is proposed. Research limitations may include a lack of assessment on political, technological and legal issues, and therefore, future research is warranted in these three areas. Some emotions and attitudes of the residents may not be captured since the Gross National Index (Gross National Happiness) may have its inherent blind spots. This paper would be of interest to the scholarly world, as its original idea and concluding research agenda are burrowing into a new sub-field of tourism research. In view of growth and degrowth of sustaining community-based tourism, the SCBTS model is presented to provide directions for tourism policymakers and entrepreneurs to formulate and implement appropriate strategy for the tourist walkability activity per se and investment in the accompanying infrastructure. This paper also presents the sacrifices and inequities in the communities and the relevance of government policies, national culture and individual personalities of tourists and residents, in which the attention of tourism policymakers and the communities that thrive on the travel and tourism industry should not be neglected. The idea and discussion of this paper is original. This paper burrows into a new sub-field of tourism research. Tourist walkability needs more attention from the scholars, as this tourist activity can have positive and negative effects on residents’ quality of life. The TWSTIR framework is developed to discuss the relationships of tourist walkability, triple bottom line concept and residents’ quality of life within the sustainable community-based tourism scope. The SCBTS model is presented for tourism policymakers and entrepreneurs to perform appropriate strategy for the tourist walkability activity and investment in the accompanying infrastructure.Tourist walkability and sustainable community-based tourism: conceptual framework and strategic model
Peik-Foong Yeap, Melissa Li Sa Liow
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to determine the significance of tourist walkability on three community-based tourism sustainability indicators, namely, the economic, social and environmental benefits and costs impacting community’s quality of life through the lens of the triple bottom line approach with the institutional theory.

This study views institutions as either enabling or restricting the sustainable community-based tourism because institutions influence resource integration and value assessment by the beneficiary. Moreover, institutions also lead the co-creation of sustainable community-based tourism among various stakeholders. Drawing on this conceptualisation, the notion of sustainable community-based tourism is filtered through the lens of institutional theory. Thus, this work approaches sustainable community-based tourism as a dynamic process of co-creating a tourist destination formed by different actors’ and institutions within the ecosystem of the tourist destination. Meanwhile, the triple bottom line benefits and costs experienced by the overall community would produce net effects on the residents’ perceptions of sustainable tourism.

This paper classifies both tangible and intangible costs and benefits because of tourist walkability and its triple bottom line trade-offs experienced by tourists and residents. This paper penetrates new grounds by reviewing the triple bottom line impacts of tourist walkability on residents’ quality of life. Government policies as mediating variable and national culture and individual personalities of tourists and residents as moderating variables were discussed. A conceptual framework named Tourist Walkability Sustainable Tourism Impact on Residents (TWSTIR) is proposed. Finally, a Sustainable Community-based Tourism Strategic (SCBTS) model which is based on the two dimensions of intensity of tourist walkability and residents’ quality of life is proposed.

Research limitations may include a lack of assessment on political, technological and legal issues, and therefore, future research is warranted in these three areas. Some emotions and attitudes of the residents may not be captured since the Gross National Index (Gross National Happiness) may have its inherent blind spots.

This paper would be of interest to the scholarly world, as its original idea and concluding research agenda are burrowing into a new sub-field of tourism research. In view of growth and degrowth of sustaining community-based tourism, the SCBTS model is presented to provide directions for tourism policymakers and entrepreneurs to formulate and implement appropriate strategy for the tourist walkability activity per se and investment in the accompanying infrastructure.

This paper also presents the sacrifices and inequities in the communities and the relevance of government policies, national culture and individual personalities of tourists and residents, in which the attention of tourism policymakers and the communities that thrive on the travel and tourism industry should not be neglected.

The idea and discussion of this paper is original. This paper burrows into a new sub-field of tourism research. Tourist walkability needs more attention from the scholars, as this tourist activity can have positive and negative effects on residents’ quality of life. The TWSTIR framework is developed to discuss the relationships of tourist walkability, triple bottom line concept and residents’ quality of life within the sustainable community-based tourism scope. The SCBTS model is presented for tourism policymakers and entrepreneurs to perform appropriate strategy for the tourist walkability activity and investment in the accompanying infrastructure.

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Tourist walkability and sustainable community-based tourism: conceptual framework and strategic model10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0117International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-03-29© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association.Peik-Foong YeapMelissa Li Sa LiowInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-2910.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0117https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0117/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association.
Genealogy tourism and city tourism in Coimbra. Proposal for a Jewish culture routehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0121/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestTourism in Coimbra today is influenced by the fact that the Univer(s)city was distinguished as a World Heritage Site in 2013. The number of visits has grown very significantly in recent years, but the diversification of the tourist offer is still weak and unable to take advantage of existing resources. This paper aims to present genealogy tourism as an alternative urban cultural tourism in Coimbra. Methodology involved mapping the Jewish culture elements in the city of Coimbra, and a route was outlined and proposed. Genealogy tourism resources are identified in the historic centre of the city. These alternative spaces need urban rehabilitation and (re)functionalisation, which allowed the authors to rethink tourism in Coimbra. They are the motivation to visit for all urban cultural tourists, especially Israelis/Jews, and provide contact with places where the experiences of ancestors combine with the history and memory of places, with recent discoveries and the elements of Jewish culture in the city. It is concluded that the quantity, diversity, authenticity and singularity of the heritage resources that bear witness to the Jewish presence in Coimbra are sufficient assets to create a route, to enrich the tourist experience in the city and to include the destination in the Sephardic routes.Genealogy tourism and city tourism in Coimbra. Proposal for a Jewish culture route
Norberto Santos, Claudete Oliveira Moreira, Luís Silveira
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Tourism in Coimbra today is influenced by the fact that the Univer(s)city was distinguished as a World Heritage Site in 2013. The number of visits has grown very significantly in recent years, but the diversification of the tourist offer is still weak and unable to take advantage of existing resources. This paper aims to present genealogy tourism as an alternative urban cultural tourism in Coimbra.

Methodology involved mapping the Jewish culture elements in the city of Coimbra, and a route was outlined and proposed.

Genealogy tourism resources are identified in the historic centre of the city. These alternative spaces need urban rehabilitation and (re)functionalisation, which allowed the authors to rethink tourism in Coimbra. They are the motivation to visit for all urban cultural tourists, especially Israelis/Jews, and provide contact with places where the experiences of ancestors combine with the history and memory of places, with recent discoveries and the elements of Jewish culture in the city.

It is concluded that the quantity, diversity, authenticity and singularity of the heritage resources that bear witness to the Jewish presence in Coimbra are sufficient assets to create a route, to enrich the tourist experience in the city and to include the destination in the Sephardic routes.

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Genealogy tourism and city tourism in Coimbra. Proposal for a Jewish culture route10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0121International Journal of Tourism Cities2022-12-15© 2022 Norberto Santos, Claudete Oliveira Moreira and Luís Silveira.Norberto SantosClaudete Oliveira MoreiraLuís SilveiraInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-1510.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0121https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0121/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Norberto Santos, Claudete Oliveira Moreira and Luís Silveira.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
“Playing tourist” in a divided cityhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0129/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to investigate the social and affective impacts of inviting residents of a socially divided, post-war city to “play tourist” for a day, exploring their own backyards with a new intentionality and perspective. This qualitative research within a transformative worldview uses a creative, place-based approach of role-playing based upon principles of participatory action research. While each tour was unique, participants’ insights reflected three common themes: shifts in observations and perceptions of place arising from the intentionality of the “tourist” lens, a sense of freedom created by the touristic research opportunity, and the varying abilities of tourism experiences to help build empathy or awareness in a post-conflict setting. The inventive research approach allows for a unique examination of local tourism-styled explorations, a subject of growing interest that has largely been overlooked in literature, while paying special attention to ways in which a history of conflict may manifest in contemporary urban tourism experiences.“Playing tourist” in a divided city
Jada Lindblom, Christine Vogt
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to investigate the social and affective impacts of inviting residents of a socially divided, post-war city to “play tourist” for a day, exploring their own backyards with a new intentionality and perspective.

This qualitative research within a transformative worldview uses a creative, place-based approach of role-playing based upon principles of participatory action research.

While each tour was unique, participants’ insights reflected three common themes: shifts in observations and perceptions of place arising from the intentionality of the “tourist” lens, a sense of freedom created by the touristic research opportunity, and the varying abilities of tourism experiences to help build empathy or awareness in a post-conflict setting.

The inventive research approach allows for a unique examination of local tourism-styled explorations, a subject of growing interest that has largely been overlooked in literature, while paying special attention to ways in which a history of conflict may manifest in contemporary urban tourism experiences.

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“Playing tourist” in a divided city10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0129International Journal of Tourism Cities2022-10-31© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedJada LindblomChristine VogtInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-10-3110.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0129https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0129/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Heritage and tourism development in China's former international concessions. Tianjin as a place studyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0133/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestBetween 1840s and 1940s, 27 occidental concessions have been created in several cities in China which represented difficult signs and memories for Chinese. Nowadays, these territories are experiencing a joint phenomenon of heritagization and tourismification which makes them experimental theaters for modern urban life and identity. Taking the former concessions of Tianjin as place study, the purpose of this study is to analyze the role of the heritage and tourism in the former concessions in city branding and more specifically the actors, approaches and products of this phenomenon. This research draws on the comparison and analysis of two place studies in China. The authors base their analysis on semi-structured interviews in Chinese with previously identified stakeholders. In all, 20 individuals, including developers, public authority representatives, business owners, academics and conservation association members, were interviewed. This research was completed, updated and triangulated by content analysis of Web-based materials; official documents such as urban plans, guidelines and urban and tourism strategies collected during the fieldwork, as well as non-intrusive spatial observations of the concession and its various developments. The results of this study show that the heritage in the former concessions has become an attractive tool for the city branding through tourism development, often led by the public actors with the participation of private entrepreneurs. This study looks at the hybrid dimensions of the former concessions in China. It provides a better understanding of the co-action of heritage and tourism in the processes of territorial rehabilitation, which contributes to both the practitioners and researchers in this domain.Heritage and tourism development in China's former international concessions. Tianjin as a place study
Maria Gravari-Barbas, Sandra Guinand, Yue Lu, Xinyu Li
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Between 1840s and 1940s, 27 occidental concessions have been created in several cities in China which represented difficult signs and memories for Chinese. Nowadays, these territories are experiencing a joint phenomenon of heritagization and tourismification which makes them experimental theaters for modern urban life and identity. Taking the former concessions of Tianjin as place study, the purpose of this study is to analyze the role of the heritage and tourism in the former concessions in city branding and more specifically the actors, approaches and products of this phenomenon.

This research draws on the comparison and analysis of two place studies in China. The authors base their analysis on semi-structured interviews in Chinese with previously identified stakeholders. In all, 20 individuals, including developers, public authority representatives, business owners, academics and conservation association members, were interviewed. This research was completed, updated and triangulated by content analysis of Web-based materials; official documents such as urban plans, guidelines and urban and tourism strategies collected during the fieldwork, as well as non-intrusive spatial observations of the concession and its various developments.

The results of this study show that the heritage in the former concessions has become an attractive tool for the city branding through tourism development, often led by the public actors with the participation of private entrepreneurs.

This study looks at the hybrid dimensions of the former concessions in China. It provides a better understanding of the co-action of heritage and tourism in the processes of territorial rehabilitation, which contributes to both the practitioners and researchers in this domain.

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Heritage and tourism development in China's former international concessions. Tianjin as a place study10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0133International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-06-09© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationMaria Gravari-BarbasSandra GuinandYue LuXinyu LiInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-06-0910.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0133https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0133/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
AR and VR-based travel: a responsible practice towards sustainable tourismhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0135/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDrawing on the UTAUT-2 model, the study attempts to accentuate the role of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) based tourism products and services in enhancing responsible travel behaviour (RTB). This paper aims to examine the emergence of AR- and VR-based tourism in emerging economies, outlines the issues and contributing factors and discusses possible mitigation measures. Following the triangulation method of research, a dual study involving both focus group discussions and questionnaire-based surveys were undertaken. The grounded theory approach was adopted to develop a structural framework followed by an empirical validation process. Critical dimensions such as performance anticipation, effort anticipation, referent power, facilitating factors, perceived value and perceived risk were found as antecedents of behavioural intentions (BIs) towards adopting AR- and VR-based tourism products. Moreover, cultural involvement and marketing stimuli emerged as moderating factors driving the BI towards RTB. This paper outlines key elements that contribute to the adoption of AR- and VR-based tourism products and services in emerging economies, which would enable marketers and practitioners to strategize their tourism offerings. The study takes a dual perspective of both tourists and tour operators and presents a critical overview of the AR- and VR-based tourism industry, taking an emerging economies’ perspective. The study further attempted both the triangulation method and grounded study approach for establishing a hypothetical framework, which is a unique attempt in itself.AR and VR-based travel: a responsible practice towards sustainable tourism
Kaushik Samaddar, Sanjana Mondal
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Drawing on the UTAUT-2 model, the study attempts to accentuate the role of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) based tourism products and services in enhancing responsible travel behaviour (RTB). This paper aims to examine the emergence of AR- and VR-based tourism in emerging economies, outlines the issues and contributing factors and discusses possible mitigation measures.

Following the triangulation method of research, a dual study involving both focus group discussions and questionnaire-based surveys were undertaken. The grounded theory approach was adopted to develop a structural framework followed by an empirical validation process.

Critical dimensions such as performance anticipation, effort anticipation, referent power, facilitating factors, perceived value and perceived risk were found as antecedents of behavioural intentions (BIs) towards adopting AR- and VR-based tourism products. Moreover, cultural involvement and marketing stimuli emerged as moderating factors driving the BI towards RTB.

This paper outlines key elements that contribute to the adoption of AR- and VR-based tourism products and services in emerging economies, which would enable marketers and practitioners to strategize their tourism offerings.

The study takes a dual perspective of both tourists and tour operators and presents a critical overview of the AR- and VR-based tourism industry, taking an emerging economies’ perspective. The study further attempted both the triangulation method and grounded study approach for establishing a hypothetical framework, which is a unique attempt in itself.

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AR and VR-based travel: a responsible practice towards sustainable tourism10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0135International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-04-27© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationKaushik SamaddarSanjana MondalInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-04-2710.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0135https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0135/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
How does a hotel’s hygiene protocol quality trigger guests’ revisit intention during the pandemic? Evidence from Chinese guestshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0144/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestBased on the Stimulus-Organism-Response Model, this study aims to investigate how the intention of Chinese guests to revisit a hotel (response) is triggered by the quality of the hotel’s hygiene protocols (stimulus) during the pandemic. Brand image, perceived guest satisfaction and perceived customer trust were examined as the organism factors in this model. The quantitative method was adopted to collect data via a structured online survey of 385 Chinese hotel guests. Their responses were analyzed using SPSS (v.26) and SmartPLS (3.3.2) software. The quality of hotel hygiene protocols was found to have a significant impact on hotel brand image, perceived guest satisfaction and perceived guest trust. Hotel brand image, perceived guest satisfaction and perceived guest trust, in turn, demonstrated significant relationships with guests’ revisit intention. Theoretically, the present study offers a framework to understand the impact of hotel hygiene protocols on guest revisit intention. Practically, the findings of the study encourage industry practitioners to implement proper safety protocols and standard operating procedures related to COVID-19. Since the beginning of the pandemic, hotel hygiene standards have become a key concern for guests. The current study provides important and meaningful insights into whether and how hotel hygiene quality promotes guest revisit intention.How does a hotel’s hygiene protocol quality trigger guests’ revisit intention during the pandemic? Evidence from Chinese guests
Md. Tariqul Islam, Uma Pandey, Satyajit Sinha, Siti Rahayu Hussin
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Based on the Stimulus-Organism-Response Model, this study aims to investigate how the intention of Chinese guests to revisit a hotel (response) is triggered by the quality of the hotel’s hygiene protocols (stimulus) during the pandemic. Brand image, perceived guest satisfaction and perceived customer trust were examined as the organism factors in this model.

The quantitative method was adopted to collect data via a structured online survey of 385 Chinese hotel guests. Their responses were analyzed using SPSS (v.26) and SmartPLS (3.3.2) software.

The quality of hotel hygiene protocols was found to have a significant impact on hotel brand image, perceived guest satisfaction and perceived guest trust. Hotel brand image, perceived guest satisfaction and perceived guest trust, in turn, demonstrated significant relationships with guests’ revisit intention.

Theoretically, the present study offers a framework to understand the impact of hotel hygiene protocols on guest revisit intention. Practically, the findings of the study encourage industry practitioners to implement proper safety protocols and standard operating procedures related to COVID-19.

Since the beginning of the pandemic, hotel hygiene standards have become a key concern for guests. The current study provides important and meaningful insights into whether and how hotel hygiene quality promotes guest revisit intention.

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How does a hotel’s hygiene protocol quality trigger guests’ revisit intention during the pandemic? Evidence from Chinese guests10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0144International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-02-02© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationMd. Tariqul IslamUma PandeySatyajit SinhaSiti Rahayu HussinInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-0210.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0144https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0144/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Street art and creative place-making: urban tourism regeneration in Toronto, Canadahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0146/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to discuss the place-making processes of street art within the context of Toronto, Canada, and potential for street art as alternative tourism to contribute to new urban tourism and encourage urban regeneration in the city. The study applies reflexive thematic analysis to analyse secondary data sources such as reports, maps, videos, websites, news articles and official documents alongside photographic documentation and field research. Street art in Toronto has been found to coincide closely with processes of creative place-making. While there is some indication that municipal street art organizations and destination marketing organizations are aware of the possibilities for street art to contribute to tourism in the city, it remains an untapped resource for new urban tourism. As a component of creative place-making, it has great potential as a form of alternative tourism to regenerate a still struggling tourism economy. This paper explores the nascent research area and practical application of street art as an alternative form of urban tourism in Toronto, Canada. It also fills a gap by connecting the concept of creative place-making with street art, urban regeneration and tourism specifically; a focus that needs wider attention.Street art and creative place-making: urban tourism regeneration in Toronto, Canada
Kelley A. McClinchey
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to discuss the place-making processes of street art within the context of Toronto, Canada, and potential for street art as alternative tourism to contribute to new urban tourism and encourage urban regeneration in the city.

The study applies reflexive thematic analysis to analyse secondary data sources such as reports, maps, videos, websites, news articles and official documents alongside photographic documentation and field research.

Street art in Toronto has been found to coincide closely with processes of creative place-making. While there is some indication that municipal street art organizations and destination marketing organizations are aware of the possibilities for street art to contribute to tourism in the city, it remains an untapped resource for new urban tourism. As a component of creative place-making, it has great potential as a form of alternative tourism to regenerate a still struggling tourism economy.

This paper explores the nascent research area and practical application of street art as an alternative form of urban tourism in Toronto, Canada. It also fills a gap by connecting the concept of creative place-making with street art, urban regeneration and tourism specifically; a focus that needs wider attention.

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Street art and creative place-making: urban tourism regeneration in Toronto, Canada10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0146International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-06-07© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationKelley A. McClincheyInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-06-0710.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0146https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0146/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Reinforcing sustainable consumption practices through promoting gastronomic tourism: a cross-sectional study from India and Bangladeshhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0087/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestFood not only satisfies the need and nourishes positive experiences but also enhances involvement with the cultural, social and environmental attributes of a destination. As urban tourism is embracing sustainable consumption practices (SCP), this study aims to explore tourist’s responsible behaviour by embracing traditional gastronomic delicacies. More specifically, it pinpoints the driving forces behind why people choose traditional gastronomic delights. The study adopted the triangulation method involving the grounded theory approach (GTA) attained through a series of focus group discussions followed by the survey method taking an emerging economy’s perspective (India and Bangladesh). This study accords equal importance to both the demand and supply perspectives of gastronomic tourism and its stakeholders. Critical dimensions such as travel motivation, tourist expectations, socio-economic perspectives, mindful consumption, sustainable marketing efforts and community awareness were identified as major influencers towards traditional gastronomic delicacies. The present study bears significance to the urban developers, policymakers, marketers, regional tourism bodies and tour operators in promoting urban gastronomic cultures through marketing traditional delicacies for sustainable development of the evolving gastronomic industry in India and Bangladesh. This study makes a novel attempt in exploring critical dimensions in an evolving gastronomic industry by blending an innovative qualitative research methodology like GTA supported by the empirical validation process (quantitative). It proposes a theoretical framework for further advancement of gastronomic and urban tourism towards a SCP.Reinforcing sustainable consumption practices through promoting gastronomic tourism: a cross-sectional study from India and Bangladesh
Kaushik Samaddar, Sanjana Mondal
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Food not only satisfies the need and nourishes positive experiences but also enhances involvement with the cultural, social and environmental attributes of a destination. As urban tourism is embracing sustainable consumption practices (SCP), this study aims to explore tourist’s responsible behaviour by embracing traditional gastronomic delicacies. More specifically, it pinpoints the driving forces behind why people choose traditional gastronomic delights.

The study adopted the triangulation method involving the grounded theory approach (GTA) attained through a series of focus group discussions followed by the survey method taking an emerging economy’s perspective (India and Bangladesh). This study accords equal importance to both the demand and supply perspectives of gastronomic tourism and its stakeholders.

Critical dimensions such as travel motivation, tourist expectations, socio-economic perspectives, mindful consumption, sustainable marketing efforts and community awareness were identified as major influencers towards traditional gastronomic delicacies.

The present study bears significance to the urban developers, policymakers, marketers, regional tourism bodies and tour operators in promoting urban gastronomic cultures through marketing traditional delicacies for sustainable development of the evolving gastronomic industry in India and Bangladesh.

This study makes a novel attempt in exploring critical dimensions in an evolving gastronomic industry by blending an innovative qualitative research methodology like GTA supported by the empirical validation process (quantitative). It proposes a theoretical framework for further advancement of gastronomic and urban tourism towards a SCP.

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Reinforcing sustainable consumption practices through promoting gastronomic tourism: a cross-sectional study from India and Bangladesh10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0087International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-12-21© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationKaushik SamaddarSanjana MondalInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-12-2110.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0087https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0087/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Enhancing smart tourism and smart city development: evidence from Taoyuan smart aviation city in Taiwanhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0088/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to investigate tourists’ impressions of the smart destinations model from the socio-technical systems and the technology–organization–environment (TOE) perspectives. Specifically, it aims to explore how information source credibility and cloud infrastructure influence tourists’ use of intelligent technology. This measurement development is based on prior literature; after being evaluated for face and content validity, the authors used random sampling to collect data and conducted a field survey of tourists through Taoyuan Airport and using the airport MRT between December 2022 and March 2023. After confirming that tourists knew the destination information and had experience using travel-related mobile applications to plan their itinerary, the authors further invited tourists to participate in the survey, and 512 valid questionnaires were analyzed by the structural equation modeling approach. The finding pointed out that source credibility and intelligent technology were innovative technologies that benefitted tourists, as were mobile travel planning apps, which created a relational context based on interests and activities from the socio-technical and TOE perspectives. Technological innovation is closely related to the development of smart cities; tourists who used travel itineraries successfully understood travel-related actions and significantly had more positive affective images of the city.Enhancing smart tourism and smart city development: evidence from Taoyuan smart aviation city in Taiwan
Kuang-Yu Chang, Chun-Der Chen, Edward C.S. Ku
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to investigate tourists’ impressions of the smart destinations model from the socio-technical systems and the technology–organization–environment (TOE) perspectives. Specifically, it aims to explore how information source credibility and cloud infrastructure influence tourists’ use of intelligent technology.

This measurement development is based on prior literature; after being evaluated for face and content validity, the authors used random sampling to collect data and conducted a field survey of tourists through Taoyuan Airport and using the airport MRT between December 2022 and March 2023. After confirming that tourists knew the destination information and had experience using travel-related mobile applications to plan their itinerary, the authors further invited tourists to participate in the survey, and 512 valid questionnaires were analyzed by the structural equation modeling approach.

The finding pointed out that source credibility and intelligent technology were innovative technologies that benefitted tourists, as were mobile travel planning apps, which created a relational context based on interests and activities from the socio-technical and TOE perspectives.

Technological innovation is closely related to the development of smart cities; tourists who used travel itineraries successfully understood travel-related actions and significantly had more positive affective images of the city.

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Enhancing smart tourism and smart city development: evidence from Taoyuan smart aviation city in Taiwan10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0088International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-11-29© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationKuang-Yu ChangChun-Der ChenEdward C.S. KuInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-2910.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0088https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0088/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Individual factors impacting tourist satisfaction and revisit intention in slow tourism cities: an extended modelhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0094/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestPostpandemic efforts to rebuild have steered the global economy toward a more sustainable trajectory. It is imperative to acknowledge the pressing need for further enhancements in the sustainable development of the tourism industry. This study aims to examine the influence of personal factors, including environmental concern, cultural interest, travel lifestyle and involvement, on tourist satisfaction and revisit intention, using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) as its framework. The data was gathered through surveys conducted in three of Türkiye’s most famous slow travel destinations: Seferihisar, Gökçeada and Akyaka. The analysis was carried out using SPSS and SmartPLS software, with subsequent structural model testing. This study presents an extended model that incorporates four individual factors, tourist satisfaction, TPB and revisit intention. All hypotheses have been rigorously tested, and the model accounts for 60.4% of the variance in revisit intention. The findings are comprehensively discussed in this article, supported by relevant theoretical frameworks. Future research avenues could delve into the evolution of slow tourism in both developed and developing countries, assess disparities in revisit intentions between slow tourism and mass tourism destinations and investigate the prospects of sustainable tourism development in the postpandemic era. The authors use the TPB to examine individual factors, tourist satisfaction and revisit intentions, aiming to build an extended model to gain a deeper understanding of the slow tourist decision-making process.Individual factors impacting tourist satisfaction and revisit intention in slow tourism cities: an extended model
Fakhri Baghirov, Zehra Bozbay, Ye Zhang
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Postpandemic efforts to rebuild have steered the global economy toward a more sustainable trajectory. It is imperative to acknowledge the pressing need for further enhancements in the sustainable development of the tourism industry. This study aims to examine the influence of personal factors, including environmental concern, cultural interest, travel lifestyle and involvement, on tourist satisfaction and revisit intention, using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) as its framework.

The data was gathered through surveys conducted in three of Türkiye’s most famous slow travel destinations: Seferihisar, Gökçeada and Akyaka. The analysis was carried out using SPSS and SmartPLS software, with subsequent structural model testing.

This study presents an extended model that incorporates four individual factors, tourist satisfaction, TPB and revisit intention. All hypotheses have been rigorously tested, and the model accounts for 60.4% of the variance in revisit intention. The findings are comprehensively discussed in this article, supported by relevant theoretical frameworks.

Future research avenues could delve into the evolution of slow tourism in both developed and developing countries, assess disparities in revisit intentions between slow tourism and mass tourism destinations and investigate the prospects of sustainable tourism development in the postpandemic era.

The authors use the TPB to examine individual factors, tourist satisfaction and revisit intentions, aiming to build an extended model to gain a deeper understanding of the slow tourist decision-making process.

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Individual factors impacting tourist satisfaction and revisit intention in slow tourism cities: an extended model10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0094International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-11-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedFakhri BaghirovZehra BozbayYe ZhangInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-2810.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0094https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0094/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Do destination personality and self-congruity matter for the pro-environmental behavioral intention? Nature-based pro-environmental behaviorhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0100/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe study aims to draw on the self-congruity theory to investigate the relationship among destination personality (DP), self-congruity and tourists’ pro-environmental behavioral intention (BI) among Guangzhou citizens who have experienced nature-based tourism (NBT). The survey-based quantitative research was divided into two rounds, namely, a preliminary study exploring the dimensions of DP and the verification of whether the DP dimensions that significantly affect pro-environmental BI in step one would be selected for the main research to validate the conceptual model. The results suggest that wholesome, one of the destination personalities, strongly predicts tourists’ pro-environmental BI, while actual self-congruity plays a mediating role between sincere, another DP, and tourists’ pro-environmental BI. In practice, it offers multidimensional knowledge and robust evidence-based recommendations for the sustainable development and destination branding of NBT destinations in the post-epidemic era. The study presents pioneering work that reveals previously underestimated factors influencing pro-environmental BI.Do destination personality and self-congruity matter for the pro-environmental behavioral intention? Nature-based pro-environmental behavior
Yingqi Long, Chung-Shing Chan
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The study aims to draw on the self-congruity theory to investigate the relationship among destination personality (DP), self-congruity and tourists’ pro-environmental behavioral intention (BI) among Guangzhou citizens who have experienced nature-based tourism (NBT).

The survey-based quantitative research was divided into two rounds, namely, a preliminary study exploring the dimensions of DP and the verification of whether the DP dimensions that significantly affect pro-environmental BI in step one would be selected for the main research to validate the conceptual model.

The results suggest that wholesome, one of the destination personalities, strongly predicts tourists’ pro-environmental BI, while actual self-congruity plays a mediating role between sincere, another DP, and tourists’ pro-environmental BI.

In practice, it offers multidimensional knowledge and robust evidence-based recommendations for the sustainable development and destination branding of NBT destinations in the post-epidemic era.

The study presents pioneering work that reveals previously underestimated factors influencing pro-environmental BI.

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Do destination personality and self-congruity matter for the pro-environmental behavioral intention? Nature-based pro-environmental behavior10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0100International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-03-15© 2024 International Tourism Studies AssociationYingqi LongChung-Shing ChanInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-1510.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0100https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0100/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 International Tourism Studies Association
Framing the tourist spatial identity of a city as a tourist producthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-06-2022-0151/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology for shaping the tourist spatial identity of the city and to take advantage of it to discover alternative urban outdoor spaces. As the number of indoor visitors has been limited due to the COVID-19 pandemic, open urban areas such as streets, squares and parks have become more important tourist locations. The assessment methodology consists of two basic steps. In the first step, the authors look for places or points that are carriers of spatial identity. For this purpose, the method of mental mapping is used. In the second step, statistical methods are used to evaluate the spatial suitability for the most common tourist activities. To obtain a holistic picture, a temporal component is included. The application of the methodology is presented in the form of a case study. The obtained research results provide an insight into the spatial situation of the city of Maribor (Slovenia, Europe). Tourist spatial identity of a city depends on time. Based on the value of spatial sensitivity indicator and the suitability of activities, it is possible to adapt the tourist offer to the temporal component. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is an original perspective on the spatial identity of tourists. The presented approach could be integrated as a good practice in any other city worldwide. It supports the identification of suitable outdoor tourist places that are memorable, cosy, multifunctional and can be recommended by city guides (mobile or printed books). Every city has many hidden gems that tourists have yet to discover.Framing the tourist spatial identity of a city as a tourist product
Melita Rozman Cafuta
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology for shaping the tourist spatial identity of the city and to take advantage of it to discover alternative urban outdoor spaces. As the number of indoor visitors has been limited due to the COVID-19 pandemic, open urban areas such as streets, squares and parks have become more important tourist locations.

The assessment methodology consists of two basic steps. In the first step, the authors look for places or points that are carriers of spatial identity. For this purpose, the method of mental mapping is used. In the second step, statistical methods are used to evaluate the spatial suitability for the most common tourist activities. To obtain a holistic picture, a temporal component is included.

The application of the methodology is presented in the form of a case study. The obtained research results provide an insight into the spatial situation of the city of Maribor (Slovenia, Europe). Tourist spatial identity of a city depends on time. Based on the value of spatial sensitivity indicator and the suitability of activities, it is possible to adapt the tourist offer to the temporal component.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is an original perspective on the spatial identity of tourists. The presented approach could be integrated as a good practice in any other city worldwide. It supports the identification of suitable outdoor tourist places that are memorable, cosy, multifunctional and can be recommended by city guides (mobile or printed books). Every city has many hidden gems that tourists have yet to discover.

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Framing the tourist spatial identity of a city as a tourist product10.1108/IJTC-06-2022-0151International Journal of Tourism Cities2022-11-07© 2022 Melita Rozman Cafuta.Melita Rozman CafutaInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-11-0710.1108/IJTC-06-2022-0151https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-06-2022-0151/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Melita Rozman Cafuta.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Co-agglomeration of the culture and tourism industries in Chinese citieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-06-2022-0161/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe interaction between the culture and tourism industries is naturally concentrated in cities. However, the effect of their co-agglomeration on urban tourism development depends on their level of integration. This study aims to answer the following questions: Can culture–tourism co-agglomeration promote the development of the tourism economy? Is the effect of culture–tourism co-agglomeration on tourism development moderated by culture–tourism integration? Does culture–tourism co-agglomeration have spatial spillover effects? Taking 262 prefecture-level cities in China from 2009 to 2019 as the research sample, this study measures the degree of culture–tourism co-agglomeration using a co-agglomeration index and measured culture–tourism integration using a coupling coordination degree model. Using a threshold model and a spatial econometric model, this study examined the effect of culture–tourism co-agglomeration on urban tourism development. Culture–tourism co-agglomeration had a positive effect on the urban tourism economy, and the effect differed according to geographical location and city grade. Moreover, culture–tourism co-agglomeration’s effect on the urban tourism economy was affected by the level of culture–tourism integration. When the level of culture–tourism integration crossed the threshold, the positive effect of culture–tourism co-agglomeration on the urban tourism economy will be enhanced. Finally, culture–tourism co-agglomeration had positive spatial spillover effects on surrounding cities. This study integrated culture–tourism co-agglomeration, culture–tourism integration and urban tourism economy into the same research framework and innovatively analyzed the effect of the scale and quality of culture–tourism interaction on the urban tourism economy. 文化产业和旅游产业之间的互动性使其天然地在城市中集聚发展。然而, 文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展的影响取决于它们的融合发展水平。本研究旨在回答以下问题:文化和旅游协同集聚能否促进旅游经济的发展?文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展的作用是否受到文化和旅游融合发展水平的调节影响?文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展的影响是否具有空间溢出效应? 本文以2009-2019年中国262个地级及以上城市为研究样本, 采用协同集聚指数测度城市文化和旅游集聚水平, 采用耦合协调度模型测度城市文化和旅游融合发展水平, 并通过构建面板门槛模型和空间计量模型, 检验文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展的影响。 文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展具有正向的促进作用, 而且这种影响会因为地理位置和城市等级的不同而存在差异。此外, 文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展的促进作用还受到文旅融合发展水平的影响, 当文旅融合发展水平跨越发展门槛后, 文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展的正向影响得到增强。最后, 文化和旅游协同集聚对周边城市具有积极正向的空间溢出效应。 本文将文化和旅游协同集聚、文化和旅游融合发展、城市旅游发展纳入统一框架, 创新性地分析了文化和旅游互动发展的规模和质量对城市旅游发展的影响。Co-agglomeration of the culture and tourism industries in Chinese cities
Changyao Song, Qi Zhang, Xinjian Li, Anni Zhang
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The interaction between the culture and tourism industries is naturally concentrated in cities. However, the effect of their co-agglomeration on urban tourism development depends on their level of integration. This study aims to answer the following questions: Can culture–tourism co-agglomeration promote the development of the tourism economy? Is the effect of culture–tourism co-agglomeration on tourism development moderated by culture–tourism integration? Does culture–tourism co-agglomeration have spatial spillover effects?

Taking 262 prefecture-level cities in China from 2009 to 2019 as the research sample, this study measures the degree of culture–tourism co-agglomeration using a co-agglomeration index and measured culture–tourism integration using a coupling coordination degree model. Using a threshold model and a spatial econometric model, this study examined the effect of culture–tourism co-agglomeration on urban tourism development.

Culture–tourism co-agglomeration had a positive effect on the urban tourism economy, and the effect differed according to geographical location and city grade. Moreover, culture–tourism co-agglomeration’s effect on the urban tourism economy was affected by the level of culture–tourism integration. When the level of culture–tourism integration crossed the threshold, the positive effect of culture–tourism co-agglomeration on the urban tourism economy will be enhanced. Finally, culture–tourism co-agglomeration had positive spatial spillover effects on surrounding cities.

This study integrated culture–tourism co-agglomeration, culture–tourism integration and urban tourism economy into the same research framework and innovatively analyzed the effect of the scale and quality of culture–tourism interaction on the urban tourism economy.

文化产业和旅游产业之间的互动性使其天然地在城市中集聚发展。然而, 文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展的影响取决于它们的融合发展水平。本研究旨在回答以下问题:文化和旅游协同集聚能否促进旅游经济的发展?文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展的作用是否受到文化和旅游融合发展水平的调节影响?文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展的影响是否具有空间溢出效应?

本文以2009-2019年中国262个地级及以上城市为研究样本, 采用协同集聚指数测度城市文化和旅游集聚水平, 采用耦合协调度模型测度城市文化和旅游融合发展水平, 并通过构建面板门槛模型和空间计量模型, 检验文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展的影响。

文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展具有正向的促进作用, 而且这种影响会因为地理位置和城市等级的不同而存在差异。此外, 文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展的促进作用还受到文旅融合发展水平的影响, 当文旅融合发展水平跨越发展门槛后, 文化和旅游协同集聚对城市旅游发展的正向影响得到增强。最后, 文化和旅游协同集聚对周边城市具有积极正向的空间溢出效应。

本文将文化和旅游协同集聚、文化和旅游融合发展、城市旅游发展纳入统一框架, 创新性地分析了文化和旅游互动发展的规模和质量对城市旅游发展的影响。

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Co-agglomeration of the culture and tourism industries in Chinese cities10.1108/IJTC-06-2022-0161International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-08-08© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationChangyao SongQi ZhangXinjian LiAnni ZhangInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-0810.1108/IJTC-06-2022-0161https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-06-2022-0161/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Executing a destination branding strategy: Louisville Tourism’s Urban Bourbon Trailhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-06-2022-0163/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to add new insights into the discussion of how a city’s destination marketing organization (DMO) can apply operand resources to act upon its operant resources to create, market and manage a unique brand over time. This study uses an abductive approach to advance understanding of how to execute a branding strategy that evolves over time while strategically curating its unique and valued resources. This understanding is based on an in-depth review of Louisville’s branding journey, including written documents and interviews with people involved in building the branding strategy. This paper presents a model to help destinations focus on how to create, market and manage the delivery of a branded ecosystem that capitalizes on its resources. This study adds new insights into how DMOs can curate a destination’s resources into an ecosystem that delivers its brand promise over time. This study introduces the idea of ecotopes to expand an understanding of tourism ecosystems, presents the concept of a customer journey to depict a destination’s branding strategy, incorporates Barney's resource based theory (Barney and Clark, 2007) into the process of creating a destination’s brand and applies Barnard’s (1938) classic acceptance theory of authority to explain how DMOs can execute a destination’s branding strategy.Executing a destination branding strategy: Louisville Tourism’s Urban Bourbon Trail
Robert C. Ford, John T. Bowen, Stacey Yates
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to add new insights into the discussion of how a city’s destination marketing organization (DMO) can apply operand resources to act upon its operant resources to create, market and manage a unique brand over time.

This study uses an abductive approach to advance understanding of how to execute a branding strategy that evolves over time while strategically curating its unique and valued resources. This understanding is based on an in-depth review of Louisville’s branding journey, including written documents and interviews with people involved in building the branding strategy.

This paper presents a model to help destinations focus on how to create, market and manage the delivery of a branded ecosystem that capitalizes on its resources. This study adds new insights into how DMOs can curate a destination’s resources into an ecosystem that delivers its brand promise over time.

This study introduces the idea of ecotopes to expand an understanding of tourism ecosystems, presents the concept of a customer journey to depict a destination’s branding strategy, incorporates Barney's resource based theory (Barney and Clark, 2007) into the process of creating a destination’s brand and applies Barnard’s (1938) classic acceptance theory of authority to explain how DMOs can execute a destination’s branding strategy.

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Executing a destination branding strategy: Louisville Tourism’s Urban Bourbon Trail10.1108/IJTC-06-2022-0163International Journal of Tourism Cities2022-12-13© 2022 International Tourism Studies AssociationRobert C. FordJohn T. BowenStacey YatesInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-1310.1108/IJTC-06-2022-0163https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-06-2022-0163/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 International Tourism Studies Association
Unveiling destination choices: uncovering the influence of missing visual information on tourists’ decision-making and visit intentionhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-06-2023-0107/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research aims to investigate the impact of missing visual information on tourists’ decision-making processes and visit intention. Drawing on perception completion law and signaling theory, the study hypothesized that tourists might use visual information to infer about a destination, even if the information is incomplete or ambiguous. To assess the impact of missing visual information, the authors asked a group of 392 participants who had no prior familiarity with a specific garden museum to envision the interior environment of the museum garden and provide feedback on their emotional responses and aesthetic evaluations. To aid in their imagination, they were presented with a video showcasing the surrounding landscape and exterior of the museum. The study found that participants could anticipate their overall experience of the location by inferring the resemblance of unseen areas to the images they had viewed, even without prior exposure or information. This study provides valuable insights into the cognitive processes underlying tourism decision-making and advances our understanding of how people form expectations of new and unfamiliar places. The originality of this research relies on the mediating role of missing aesthetics and emotion on the relationship between available aesthetics and visit intention using a structural model. This study highlights the significant role of visual information in influencing tourist decision-making, even with incomplete or ambiguous data.Unveiling destination choices: uncovering the influence of missing visual information on tourists’ decision-making and visit intention
Fatemeh Khozaei, Claus-Christian Carbon, Mi Jeong Kim, Qamar Ul Islam, Wesam Beitelmal, Israr Ul Hassan
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research aims to investigate the impact of missing visual information on tourists’ decision-making processes and visit intention. Drawing on perception completion law and signaling theory, the study hypothesized that tourists might use visual information to infer about a destination, even if the information is incomplete or ambiguous.

To assess the impact of missing visual information, the authors asked a group of 392 participants who had no prior familiarity with a specific garden museum to envision the interior environment of the museum garden and provide feedback on their emotional responses and aesthetic evaluations. To aid in their imagination, they were presented with a video showcasing the surrounding landscape and exterior of the museum.

The study found that participants could anticipate their overall experience of the location by inferring the resemblance of unseen areas to the images they had viewed, even without prior exposure or information. This study provides valuable insights into the cognitive processes underlying tourism decision-making and advances our understanding of how people form expectations of new and unfamiliar places.

The originality of this research relies on the mediating role of missing aesthetics and emotion on the relationship between available aesthetics and visit intention using a structural model. This study highlights the significant role of visual information in influencing tourist decision-making, even with incomplete or ambiguous data.

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Unveiling destination choices: uncovering the influence of missing visual information on tourists’ decision-making and visit intention10.1108/IJTC-06-2023-0107International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-10-06© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationFatemeh KhozaeiClaus-Christian CarbonMi Jeong KimQamar Ul IslamWesam BeitelmalIsrar Ul HassanInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-0610.1108/IJTC-06-2023-0107https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-06-2023-0107/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Changes in the size of domestic tourists in mainland China under the impact of COVID-19https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2022-0174/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to explore the changes of the scale of urban tourists in mainland China under the impact of COVID-19 and, specifically, the following questions: how did the scale of domestic tourists change nationwide and in the seven geographic regions? What are the differences in the changes among the seven geographic regions? What are the changes in the hot spot areas and spatial clustering of domestic tourists across the country? Using the data of domestic tourist arrivals in 337 cities in mainland China from 2018 to 2021, this research analyzes the absolute differences and relative differences in the scale of domestic tourists nationwide and in seven geographic divisions with the help of indicators such as range analysis, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and Herfindahl–Hirschman Index and explores the changes in the hot spot areas and spatial concentration degree of the spatial scale of domestic tourists nationwide under the influence of the epidemic using kernel density analysis and spatial auto-correlation analysis. The absolute differences in all seven geographical divisions continue to increase during 2018–2021. The domestic tourism in southwest China is extremely uneven. Absolute differences in the northwest and northeast regions are relatively small, and the development in attracting domestic tourists is more balanced. Relative differences in southwest China are comparatively large, with the trend of uneven development being obvious. The northeast, northwest and eastern regions of China are small, and the development is more balanced. The popularity of domestic tourism in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, as well as the Yangtze River Delta region, continues to decline and then pick up in 2021. The inland southwest region became a new domestic tourism hot spot in 2021. The size of domestic tourists from 2018 to 2021 in mainland China cities shows a significant positive spatial correlation, and there is a spatial agglomeration phenomenon, but some regional agglomeration types change from 2018 to 2021. The impact of the epidemic on the number and spatial scale of domestic tourism in China has been clarified, which makes up for the comparison of domestic tourism changes before and after the epidemic. A clear understanding of the changes in the number and spatial scale of domestic tourists in different regions after the epidemic is conducive to the development of domestic tourism revitalization strategies in accordance with the actual situation of each province and promotes the internal circulation of Chinese tourism. This paper tries to clarify the quantitative scale of domestic tourism in different regions after the epidemic, which is conducive to the development of domestic tourism revitalization strategies in cities in different regions according to regional characteristics and the actual situation of each province and to promote the healthy operation of the internal circulation of tourism in China. This paper also tries to show the changes of domestic tourism market hot spots, agglomeration conditions changes before and after the outbreak and the clarity of tourists’ preference space changes. Scale of domestic tourists; Absolute difference; Relative difference; Spatial hot spot distribution; Spatial agglomeration change 本文旨在探寻疫情影响下中国大陆城市游客规模演化规律, 具体而言, 疫情影响下, 全国及七大地理分区的国内游客量规模变化如何?七大地理地区的变化有何差异?以及疫情影响下, 全国国内游客空间规模的热点区域和空间集聚程度有何变化? 利用2018-2021年中国大陆337各城市的国内游客量数据, 借助极差、标准差、变异系数、赫芬达尔指等指标分析全国及七大地理分区国内游客规模的绝对差异和相对差异; 借助核密度分析、空间自相关分析等ArcGIS分析工具, 探寻疫情影响下全国国内游客空间规模的热点区域和空间集聚程度的变化情况。 ①绝对差异方面, 七大地理分区的绝对差异均持续增大。西南地区的游客量的绝对差异巨大, 国内游发展极不均衡。西北地区、东北地区绝对差异相对较小, 在吸引国内游客方面发展较为均衡。②相对差异方面, 西南地区的国内游发展相对差异较大, 发展不均衡趋势明显; 东北地区、西北地区、华东地区的国内游发展相对差异较小, 发展较为均衡。③热点区域变化方面, 京津冀地区、长三角地区的国内旅游热度持续下降, 在2021年有所回升; 内陆西南地区在2021年成为新的国内游热点区域。④2018年至2021年城市国内游客量规模均呈现出显著的空间正相关的关系, 存在着空间集聚现象, 但部分区域集聚类型在2018到2021年间发生变化。 ①理论意义:明晰了疫情对中国国内旅游人次的数量规模和空间规模的影响, 弥补了当前疫情前后国内旅游业变化对比的研究; 阐明了疫情前后中国城市国内游客空间格局的变化, 拓展了研究情景, 丰富了中国旅游业时空变化的相关研究。②实践意义:明晰了疫后不同地区国内旅游人次的数量规模和空间规模变化情况, 以及国内旅游市场热点变化和游客空间偏好变化, 有利于各地区城市对症下药, 制定符合各省份实际情况的国内旅游业振兴策略, 促进中国旅游业内循环。Changes in the size of domestic tourists in mainland China under the impact of COVID-19
Lina Zhong, Yingchao Dong
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to explore the changes of the scale of urban tourists in mainland China under the impact of COVID-19 and, specifically, the following questions: how did the scale of domestic tourists change nationwide and in the seven geographic regions? What are the differences in the changes among the seven geographic regions? What are the changes in the hot spot areas and spatial clustering of domestic tourists across the country?

Using the data of domestic tourist arrivals in 337 cities in mainland China from 2018 to 2021, this research analyzes the absolute differences and relative differences in the scale of domestic tourists nationwide and in seven geographic divisions with the help of indicators such as range analysis, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and Herfindahl–Hirschman Index and explores the changes in the hot spot areas and spatial concentration degree of the spatial scale of domestic tourists nationwide under the influence of the epidemic using kernel density analysis and spatial auto-correlation analysis.

The absolute differences in all seven geographical divisions continue to increase during 2018–2021. The domestic tourism in southwest China is extremely uneven. Absolute differences in the northwest and northeast regions are relatively small, and the development in attracting domestic tourists is more balanced. Relative differences in southwest China are comparatively large, with the trend of uneven development being obvious. The northeast, northwest and eastern regions of China are small, and the development is more balanced. The popularity of domestic tourism in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, as well as the Yangtze River Delta region, continues to decline and then pick up in 2021. The inland southwest region became a new domestic tourism hot spot in 2021. The size of domestic tourists from 2018 to 2021 in mainland China cities shows a significant positive spatial correlation, and there is a spatial agglomeration phenomenon, but some regional agglomeration types change from 2018 to 2021.

The impact of the epidemic on the number and spatial scale of domestic tourism in China has been clarified, which makes up for the comparison of domestic tourism changes before and after the epidemic. A clear understanding of the changes in the number and spatial scale of domestic tourists in different regions after the epidemic is conducive to the development of domestic tourism revitalization strategies in accordance with the actual situation of each province and promotes the internal circulation of Chinese tourism.

This paper tries to clarify the quantitative scale of domestic tourism in different regions after the epidemic, which is conducive to the development of domestic tourism revitalization strategies in cities in different regions according to regional characteristics and the actual situation of each province and to promote the healthy operation of the internal circulation of tourism in China. This paper also tries to show the changes of domestic tourism market hot spots, agglomeration conditions changes before and after the outbreak and the clarity of tourists’ preference space changes.

Scale of domestic tourists; Absolute difference; Relative difference; Spatial hot spot distribution; Spatial agglomeration change

本文旨在探寻疫情影响下中国大陆城市游客规模演化规律, 具体而言, 疫情影响下, 全国及七大地理分区的国内游客量规模变化如何?七大地理地区的变化有何差异?以及疫情影响下, 全国国内游客空间规模的热点区域和空间集聚程度有何变化?

利用2018-2021年中国大陆337各城市的国内游客量数据, 借助极差、标准差、变异系数、赫芬达尔指等指标分析全国及七大地理分区国内游客规模的绝对差异和相对差异; 借助核密度分析、空间自相关分析等ArcGIS分析工具, 探寻疫情影响下全国国内游客空间规模的热点区域和空间集聚程度的变化情况。

①绝对差异方面, 七大地理分区的绝对差异均持续增大。西南地区的游客量的绝对差异巨大, 国内游发展极不均衡。西北地区、东北地区绝对差异相对较小, 在吸引国内游客方面发展较为均衡。②相对差异方面, 西南地区的国内游发展相对差异较大, 发展不均衡趋势明显; 东北地区、西北地区、华东地区的国内游发展相对差异较小, 发展较为均衡。③热点区域变化方面, 京津冀地区、长三角地区的国内旅游热度持续下降, 在2021年有所回升; 内陆西南地区在2021年成为新的国内游热点区域。④2018年至2021年城市国内游客量规模均呈现出显著的空间正相关的关系, 存在着空间集聚现象, 但部分区域集聚类型在2018到2021年间发生变化。

①理论意义:明晰了疫情对中国国内旅游人次的数量规模和空间规模的影响, 弥补了当前疫情前后国内旅游业变化对比的研究; 阐明了疫情前后中国城市国内游客空间格局的变化, 拓展了研究情景, 丰富了中国旅游业时空变化的相关研究。②实践意义:明晰了疫后不同地区国内旅游人次的数量规模和空间规模变化情况, 以及国内旅游市场热点变化和游客空间偏好变化, 有利于各地区城市对症下药, 制定符合各省份实际情况的国内旅游业振兴策略, 促进中国旅游业内循环。

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Changes in the size of domestic tourists in mainland China under the impact of COVID-1910.1108/IJTC-07-2022-0174International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-03-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedLina ZhongYingchao DongInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-2810.1108/IJTC-07-2022-0174https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2022-0174/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Does Covid-19 reduce food waste in the hospitality sector in Dubai?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2022-0183/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestFood waste (FW) is a significant problem in the hospitality sector worldwide. The Covid-19 pandemic has imposed a health protocol on the hospitality sector to protect the customers and the community. This paper aims to evince a new understanding of the tourist city during the Covid-19 pandemic by exploring the effects of the new health protocol on FW management at the consumption stage in the hospitality sector in Dubai. In this study, the authors use a scale assessment method and a survey distributed to 202 tables in 35 restaurants offering open buffet catering in Dubai. The paper’s findings provide evidence that: first, the tourist city has faced substantial changes during the pandemic as the new health protocol imposed by the Covid-19 circumstances has mitigated the waste of food in the open buffet services. Second, the highest waste has been observed for vegetables, followed by grains (especially rice) and bread. The lowest waste has been observed for meat and fruits. Third, FW per table varies considerably by consumer groups. The FW quantity of residents is significantly higher than that of tourists. Family gathering tables with an essential number of children waste more food than the other group types. Fourth, consumers claimed to become more conscious about the quantum of FW as a direct response to the socio-economic circumstances imposed by the lockdown such as food availability, salary reduction, economic uncertainty and employment instability. Fifth, the attitude to keeping food on the plate does not change considerably. This paper offers many practical implications. Using newly discovered pieces of evidence from practitioners, hoteliers and policymakers, this paper highlights current hospitality practices that can reduce the waste of food in a postpandemic world. Furthermore, our paper suggests a set of actions for restaurants offering open-buffet services to reduce FW at the consumption stage. This paper adds significance to the extant tourist city literature. The tourist city served as an example of a recent urban development characterized mainly by tourist consumption. This research advances the understanding of FW management and customers’ behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic in an important touristic city “Dubai” and suggests a set of actions.Does Covid-19 reduce food waste in the hospitality sector in Dubai?
Rihab Grassa, Anca Bocanet, Ayesha Adulla, Hanene Ben Abdullah, Nourchene Ben Ayed
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Food waste (FW) is a significant problem in the hospitality sector worldwide. The Covid-19 pandemic has imposed a health protocol on the hospitality sector to protect the customers and the community. This paper aims to evince a new understanding of the tourist city during the Covid-19 pandemic by exploring the effects of the new health protocol on FW management at the consumption stage in the hospitality sector in Dubai.

In this study, the authors use a scale assessment method and a survey distributed to 202 tables in 35 restaurants offering open buffet catering in Dubai.

The paper’s findings provide evidence that: first, the tourist city has faced substantial changes during the pandemic as the new health protocol imposed by the Covid-19 circumstances has mitigated the waste of food in the open buffet services. Second, the highest waste has been observed for vegetables, followed by grains (especially rice) and bread. The lowest waste has been observed for meat and fruits. Third, FW per table varies considerably by consumer groups. The FW quantity of residents is significantly higher than that of tourists. Family gathering tables with an essential number of children waste more food than the other group types. Fourth, consumers claimed to become more conscious about the quantum of FW as a direct response to the socio-economic circumstances imposed by the lockdown such as food availability, salary reduction, economic uncertainty and employment instability. Fifth, the attitude to keeping food on the plate does not change considerably.

This paper offers many practical implications. Using newly discovered pieces of evidence from practitioners, hoteliers and policymakers, this paper highlights current hospitality practices that can reduce the waste of food in a postpandemic world. Furthermore, our paper suggests a set of actions for restaurants offering open-buffet services to reduce FW at the consumption stage.

This paper adds significance to the extant tourist city literature. The tourist city served as an example of a recent urban development characterized mainly by tourist consumption. This research advances the understanding of FW management and customers’ behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic in an important touristic city “Dubai” and suggests a set of actions.

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Does Covid-19 reduce food waste in the hospitality sector in Dubai?10.1108/IJTC-07-2022-0183International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-07-07© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationRihab GrassaAnca BocanetAyesha AdullaHanene Ben AbdullahNourchene Ben AyedInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-07-0710.1108/IJTC-07-2022-0183https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2022-0183/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Tourism representation and strategies on public signs: linguistic landscape of a Saudi southern tourist destinationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0130/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to investigate multilingual representation on public signs in the High City tourist destination in Abha, Saudi Arabia. It also reveals the linguistic strategies used in such representation. This exploratory qualitative study used purposive sampling to analyze bottom-up public signs collected from the target tourist destination. A preliminary analysis was conducted for a more in-depth qualitative analysis of every sign. An Excel database was used to provide a general description and a preliminary reading of the strategies before using an in-depth analysis of every sign. The study revealed that monolingualism (Arabic or English) and bilingualism (Arabic and English) represented the High City as a tourist destination where the signs served information and symbolic functions. No single multilingual sign was found. Certain linguistic strategies were used on the public signs, including politeness, transliteration, hybrid representation, personification and fragmentary. Some tourist-oriented strategies, such as the crisis communication strategy, are still missing. These findings indicate that this tourist destination still targets local and regional visitors, and its linguistic landscape (LL) needs further consideration in terms of internationalization and targeting international visitors. This study implies that bilingual Arabic and English tourist destinations are potential domains for translation students and English language learners. This study has focused on the LL of a newly established tourist destination in Saudi Arabia. It has shed light on the nuanced representations and strategies used through public signage. It contributes to understanding how linguistic elements can shape tourists’ perceptions and experiences.Tourism representation and strategies on public signs: linguistic landscape of a Saudi southern tourist destination
Abduljalil Nasr Hazaea, Bakr Bagash Mansour Ahmed Al-Sofi, Abdullah Alfaifi
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to investigate multilingual representation on public signs in the High City tourist destination in Abha, Saudi Arabia. It also reveals the linguistic strategies used in such representation.

This exploratory qualitative study used purposive sampling to analyze bottom-up public signs collected from the target tourist destination. A preliminary analysis was conducted for a more in-depth qualitative analysis of every sign. An Excel database was used to provide a general description and a preliminary reading of the strategies before using an in-depth analysis of every sign.

The study revealed that monolingualism (Arabic or English) and bilingualism (Arabic and English) represented the High City as a tourist destination where the signs served information and symbolic functions. No single multilingual sign was found. Certain linguistic strategies were used on the public signs, including politeness, transliteration, hybrid representation, personification and fragmentary. Some tourist-oriented strategies, such as the crisis communication strategy, are still missing.

These findings indicate that this tourist destination still targets local and regional visitors, and its linguistic landscape (LL) needs further consideration in terms of internationalization and targeting international visitors. This study implies that bilingual Arabic and English tourist destinations are potential domains for translation students and English language learners.

This study has focused on the LL of a newly established tourist destination in Saudi Arabia. It has shed light on the nuanced representations and strategies used through public signage. It contributes to understanding how linguistic elements can shape tourists’ perceptions and experiences.

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Tourism representation and strategies on public signs: linguistic landscape of a Saudi southern tourist destination10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0130International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-01-09© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationAbduljalil Nasr HazaeaBakr Bagash Mansour Ahmed Al-SofiAbdullah AlfaifiInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-0910.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0130https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0130/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Impact of memorable tourism experiences on tourists’ storytelling intentions: an empirical investigationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0135/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to examine the impact of the structural linkages between memorable tourism experiences, destination attachment, tourists’ satisfaction and customer-based destination brand-equity on tourists’ storytelling intentions. The authors proposed a conceptual model that examines how memorable experiences contribute to tourists’ sense of attachment to a destination, which can lead to their willingness to share their trip stories. Using partial least square estimation, the authors analysed the conceptual model through data generated by a survey of 448 Indian domestic tourists. Study confirms the validity and usefulness of the conceptualized model, as it shows significant correlations between the key variables. Specifically, the authors found that positive and memorable tourism experiences significantly affect tourists’ attachment and their satisfaction with destinations. As a result, tourists who form a strong customer-based destination brand equity are more likely to develop storytelling intentions. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, current study is the earliest to explore the association between memorable tourism experiences, tourist satisfaction, attachment, customer-based brand equity and how they impact storytelling intentions of tourists.Impact of memorable tourism experiences on tourists’ storytelling intentions: an empirical investigation
Ayush Guleria, Richa Joshi, Mohd. Adil
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to examine the impact of the structural linkages between memorable tourism experiences, destination attachment, tourists’ satisfaction and customer-based destination brand-equity on tourists’ storytelling intentions.

The authors proposed a conceptual model that examines how memorable experiences contribute to tourists’ sense of attachment to a destination, which can lead to their willingness to share their trip stories. Using partial least square estimation, the authors analysed the conceptual model through data generated by a survey of 448 Indian domestic tourists.

Study confirms the validity and usefulness of the conceptualized model, as it shows significant correlations between the key variables. Specifically, the authors found that positive and memorable tourism experiences significantly affect tourists’ attachment and their satisfaction with destinations. As a result, tourists who form a strong customer-based destination brand equity are more likely to develop storytelling intentions.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, current study is the earliest to explore the association between memorable tourism experiences, tourist satisfaction, attachment, customer-based brand equity and how they impact storytelling intentions of tourists.

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Impact of memorable tourism experiences on tourists’ storytelling intentions: an empirical investigation10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0135International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-01-11© 2024 International Tourism Studies AssociationAyush GuleriaRicha JoshiMohd. AdilInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-1110.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0135https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0135/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 International Tourism Studies Association
The role of eco-attraction in the intention to conduct low-carbon actions: a study of visitor behavior in urban forestshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0138/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestOne of the crucial elements of addressing global climate challenges through urban tourism is the continuing existence of urban forests. The reasoning is that the ecological attraction of urban forests can impact visitors’ intention to conduct pro-environmental behavior, including low-carbon actions. Thus, more visitors to urban forests will positively affect enhancing the quality of the urban environment. However, the extent to which ecological attraction can influence pro-environmental behavior warrants further investigation due to the complexity of psychosocial factors that impact behavioral intention. The main objective of this research is to examine the effects of the ecological attractiveness of urban forests on the pro-environmental behavior of visitors by exploring motivation, ecological experience, perceived value and knowledge as mediators. Moreover, whether the nature of the urban forest and facilities attract visitors simultaneously is also studied. Data were collected from 615 respondents who visited three urban forests in Bandung, the second-most populous city in Indonesia, by five-point Likert questionnaires. As an analytical tool, SEM PLS was applied to establish the effect of the ecological performance of the urban forest on the increase in environmentally conscious behavior among urban forest visitors. The findings demonstrate that the attractiveness of an urban forest affects the growth of environmentally responsible behaviors. Nonetheless, the attractiveness of urban forests is dictated more by their infrastructure than their ecological function. On the contrary, the visitors’ knowledge level can improve their motivation, environmental experience and perceived environmental value. These findings show the significance of developing educational programs with an emphasis on the experience of the visitors so that their ecological performance can contribute to improved low-carbon behavior. In conclusion, this work contributes to the management of sustainable urban tourism. This work also has some limitations. First, the medium R-square on intention behavior to low-carbon action suggests investigating other influential factors to produce a more robust conscious behavior. Mkono and Hughes (2020) mention that many complex factors that cause positive intention do not necessarily lead to environmental action. Thus, many psychosocial variables need to be explored in different models. Second, the convenient sampling used here does not represent the whole population, making generalization difficult. Thus, further work needs to apply more rigorous sampling techniques to validate the findings. Further investigations may also need to be conducted in other urban forests in another Asian country with a similar and different social context for benchmarking, as this study found that the type of attractive urban forest design is a more dense forest, which differs from other studies based in Europe. Exploring more influencing behavioral factors of pro-environmental action in the model is also suggested. Thus, we could contribute more to support recreational activities in urban forests. As an implication for planning an urban forest to increase its recreational function, the authors illustrate the importance of producing educational programs. Although the improved knowledge of visitors has been shown to strengthen their commitment to perform pro-environmental actions, the mediating role of motivation, experience and perceived value reveals that some activities are required to achieve visitor motivation to actual behavior. Consequently, designing an urban forest requires not only the enhancement of eco-attractions and artificial elements for the convenience of visitors but also the development of an environmental education program that can improve visitors’ environmental experience and perception of ecological value. The designed educational program may use an experiential education approach incorporating objective knowledge of Earth’s current state. The urban forest education program must encourage visitors’ connection and participation with nature. Moreover, knowledge and information about Earth’s environmental quality can increase visitors’ perceived value, ensuring that their activities in the urban forest contribute to improved health, environmental quality and social environment. Thus, with well-managed and provided education, they are encouraged to adopt low-carbon action because it complements their contribution to a better quality environment. The theoretical contribution of this research is generated through the role of urban forest attractiveness in the intention to conduct low-carbon action, which influences solutions to existing urban environmental problems. This work exhibits that both ecological attractiveness and attractiveness of artificial elements in urban forests can attract visitors and subsequently boost their outdoor recreation motivation, ecological experience and perceived value and then turn them to boost their intention to conduct low-carbon action. The physical characteristics of a site are behavioral stimuli that can increase a person’s motivation, experience and perception of the value of the environment, thereby increasing their intention to engage in low-carbon actions. This environment behavioral construction is fundamental in understanding that urban forests offer ecological benefits and influence the social quality of urban communities. Nevertheless, without visitor activity, urban forests are merely physical entities that become increasingly demanding to maintain. Due to this, an urban forest that is socially active and has an influence on promoting environmentally conscious behavior is needed, and its presence is becoming ever more crucial. This work shows the significance of integrating psychosocial approaches into managing tourism in urban forests.The role of eco-attraction in the intention to conduct low-carbon actions: a study of visitor behavior in urban forests
Fitri Rahmafitria, Regan Leonardus Kaswanto
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

One of the crucial elements of addressing global climate challenges through urban tourism is the continuing existence of urban forests. The reasoning is that the ecological attraction of urban forests can impact visitors’ intention to conduct pro-environmental behavior, including low-carbon actions. Thus, more visitors to urban forests will positively affect enhancing the quality of the urban environment. However, the extent to which ecological attraction can influence pro-environmental behavior warrants further investigation due to the complexity of psychosocial factors that impact behavioral intention. The main objective of this research is to examine the effects of the ecological attractiveness of urban forests on the pro-environmental behavior of visitors by exploring motivation, ecological experience, perceived value and knowledge as mediators. Moreover, whether the nature of the urban forest and facilities attract visitors simultaneously is also studied.

Data were collected from 615 respondents who visited three urban forests in Bandung, the second-most populous city in Indonesia, by five-point Likert questionnaires. As an analytical tool, SEM PLS was applied to establish the effect of the ecological performance of the urban forest on the increase in environmentally conscious behavior among urban forest visitors.

The findings demonstrate that the attractiveness of an urban forest affects the growth of environmentally responsible behaviors. Nonetheless, the attractiveness of urban forests is dictated more by their infrastructure than their ecological function. On the contrary, the visitors’ knowledge level can improve their motivation, environmental experience and perceived environmental value. These findings show the significance of developing educational programs with an emphasis on the experience of the visitors so that their ecological performance can contribute to improved low-carbon behavior. In conclusion, this work contributes to the management of sustainable urban tourism.

This work also has some limitations. First, the medium R-square on intention behavior to low-carbon action suggests investigating other influential factors to produce a more robust conscious behavior. Mkono and Hughes (2020) mention that many complex factors that cause positive intention do not necessarily lead to environmental action. Thus, many psychosocial variables need to be explored in different models. Second, the convenient sampling used here does not represent the whole population, making generalization difficult. Thus, further work needs to apply more rigorous sampling techniques to validate the findings. Further investigations may also need to be conducted in other urban forests in another Asian country with a similar and different social context for benchmarking, as this study found that the type of attractive urban forest design is a more dense forest, which differs from other studies based in Europe. Exploring more influencing behavioral factors of pro-environmental action in the model is also suggested. Thus, we could contribute more to support recreational activities in urban forests.

As an implication for planning an urban forest to increase its recreational function, the authors illustrate the importance of producing educational programs. Although the improved knowledge of visitors has been shown to strengthen their commitment to perform pro-environmental actions, the mediating role of motivation, experience and perceived value reveals that some activities are required to achieve visitor motivation to actual behavior. Consequently, designing an urban forest requires not only the enhancement of eco-attractions and artificial elements for the convenience of visitors but also the development of an environmental education program that can improve visitors’ environmental experience and perception of ecological value. The designed educational program may use an experiential education approach incorporating objective knowledge of Earth’s current state. The urban forest education program must encourage visitors’ connection and participation with nature. Moreover, knowledge and information about Earth’s environmental quality can increase visitors’ perceived value, ensuring that their activities in the urban forest contribute to improved health, environmental quality and social environment. Thus, with well-managed and provided education, they are encouraged to adopt low-carbon action because it complements their contribution to a better quality environment.

The theoretical contribution of this research is generated through the role of urban forest attractiveness in the intention to conduct low-carbon action, which influences solutions to existing urban environmental problems. This work exhibits that both ecological attractiveness and attractiveness of artificial elements in urban forests can attract visitors and subsequently boost their outdoor recreation motivation, ecological experience and perceived value and then turn them to boost their intention to conduct low-carbon action. The physical characteristics of a site are behavioral stimuli that can increase a person’s motivation, experience and perception of the value of the environment, thereby increasing their intention to engage in low-carbon actions. This environment behavioral construction is fundamental in understanding that urban forests offer ecological benefits and influence the social quality of urban communities. Nevertheless, without visitor activity, urban forests are merely physical entities that become increasingly demanding to maintain. Due to this, an urban forest that is socially active and has an influence on promoting environmentally conscious behavior is needed, and its presence is becoming ever more crucial. This work shows the significance of integrating psychosocial approaches into managing tourism in urban forests.

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The role of eco-attraction in the intention to conduct low-carbon actions: a study of visitor behavior in urban forests10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0138International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-03-25© 2024 International Tourism Studies AssociationFitri RahmafitriaRegan Leonardus KaswantoInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2510.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0138https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0138/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 International Tourism Studies Association
European historic cities and overtourism – conflicts and development paths in the light of systematic literature reviewhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0140/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to check if destinations with powerful similarities also show similar tourism/overtourism effects that differentiate them from other destinations. This paper gathers and compares data on overtourism in European historic cities already presented in the existing literature and points out features and problems typical for these destinations. This paper was based on the systematic literature review method, which allowed the author to indicate the most commonly studied European historic cities and the characteristics of overtourism problems. The results of this study reveal that several European historic cities share similar tourism development patterns and the overtourism problems manifest numerous similarities. Significantly, these problems are characteristic of historic cities only and partially different from those observed in European urban destinations such as metropolises. This study enhances a proper understanding of overtourism and the contradictory results published in the existing literature. This study is the first step in building a more situational approach to overtourism and adjusting the theory to particular destinations' features. The outcome of this study offers local policymakers several hints regarding effectively facing the overtourism problems. Historic cities require special attention when actions toward lowering extreme tourism pressure in monumental zones are implemented and residents' concerns about the spread of tourism, including short-term listings, to residential quarters need to be addressed. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study based on a comparison of similar destinations aimed to develop theory and practical implications devoted purely to a limited number of destinations sharing numerous similarities. The set of coherent theoretical and practical implications designed for a narrow group of cities is to be an essential contribution to the development of research and practice in urban tourism.European historic cities and overtourism – conflicts and development paths in the light of systematic literature review
Michał Żemła
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to check if destinations with powerful similarities also show similar tourism/overtourism effects that differentiate them from other destinations. This paper gathers and compares data on overtourism in European historic cities already presented in the existing literature and points out features and problems typical for these destinations.

This paper was based on the systematic literature review method, which allowed the author to indicate the most commonly studied European historic cities and the characteristics of overtourism problems.

The results of this study reveal that several European historic cities share similar tourism development patterns and the overtourism problems manifest numerous similarities. Significantly, these problems are characteristic of historic cities only and partially different from those observed in European urban destinations such as metropolises.

This study enhances a proper understanding of overtourism and the contradictory results published in the existing literature. This study is the first step in building a more situational approach to overtourism and adjusting the theory to particular destinations' features.

The outcome of this study offers local policymakers several hints regarding effectively facing the overtourism problems. Historic cities require special attention when actions toward lowering extreme tourism pressure in monumental zones are implemented and residents' concerns about the spread of tourism, including short-term listings, to residential quarters need to be addressed.

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study based on a comparison of similar destinations aimed to develop theory and practical implications devoted purely to a limited number of destinations sharing numerous similarities. The set of coherent theoretical and practical implications designed for a narrow group of cities is to be an essential contribution to the development of research and practice in urban tourism.

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European historic cities and overtourism – conflicts and development paths in the light of systematic literature review10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0140International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-01-26© 2024 International Tourism Studies AssociationMichał ŻemłaInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-2610.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0140https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-07-2023-0140/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 International Tourism Studies Association
“I would like to visit a bone chapel, but …”: facilitators, constraints, motivators and death anxietyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0154/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe study aims to understand the relationship between facilitating, demoting, motivating factors and visit intention; and to clarify the role of death anxiety before visiting a dark exhibition. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was adopted to analyze data from 426 potential visitors to the Capuchin Crypt in Rome (Italy). Results demonstrate that dark fascination, prestige, reflection on death and mortality and interpersonal facilitators are the main drivers of visit intention, and structural constraints are the main demoting factors. Contrary to expectations, intrapersonal constraints have a positive influence on motivators and indirectly on visit intention, and death anxiety has mixed results. Data collection from only one dark exhibition requires that the generalization of the results must be done with care. Conclusions enabled a better understanding of pre-trip tourist behavior, providing valuable suggestions for the communication strategy of Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) and site managers. The study adopts a consolidated and empirical approach to studying facilitators, motivators, constraints and visit intention, as well as the effect of death anxiety. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to develop a comprehensive investigation of these four constructs, whether at the darker or the lighter end of the dark tourism spectrum. Consequently, it offers a better understanding of lighter dark attractions, which allows DMOs and others to improve the communication of their tourism products.“I would like to visit a bone chapel, but …”: facilitators, constraints, motivators and death anxiety
Maria Amélia Machado Carvalho
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The study aims to understand the relationship between facilitating, demoting, motivating factors and visit intention; and to clarify the role of death anxiety before visiting a dark exhibition.

Partial least squares structural equation modeling was adopted to analyze data from 426 potential visitors to the Capuchin Crypt in Rome (Italy).

Results demonstrate that dark fascination, prestige, reflection on death and mortality and interpersonal facilitators are the main drivers of visit intention, and structural constraints are the main demoting factors. Contrary to expectations, intrapersonal constraints have a positive influence on motivators and indirectly on visit intention, and death anxiety has mixed results.

Data collection from only one dark exhibition requires that the generalization of the results must be done with care.

Conclusions enabled a better understanding of pre-trip tourist behavior, providing valuable suggestions for the communication strategy of Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) and site managers.

The study adopts a consolidated and empirical approach to studying facilitators, motivators, constraints and visit intention, as well as the effect of death anxiety. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to develop a comprehensive investigation of these four constructs, whether at the darker or the lighter end of the dark tourism spectrum. Consequently, it offers a better understanding of lighter dark attractions, which allows DMOs and others to improve the communication of their tourism products.

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“I would like to visit a bone chapel, but …”: facilitators, constraints, motivators and death anxiety10.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0154International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-12-14© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationMaria Amélia Machado CarvalhoInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-12-1410.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0154https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0154/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
How perceived crowding changes the interrelationships between perceived value, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: the empirical study at Hoi Anhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0155/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper seeks to revisit the interrelationship among tourists’ perceived value of the destination, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty in the heritage tourism site of Hoi An. In addition, the moderating role of tourists’ perceived crowding, which has become remarkably common at the site, in such a triangle relationship will also be explored. In other words, this study aims to validate an extended model of perceived value – tourist satisfaction – destination loyalty – perceived crowding. The study collects data from 403 tourists who visited Hoi An during peak season through an online questionnaire. The data were later analysed using AMOS and Warp partial least squares. The results validate the significant and positive correlation among perceived value, customer satisfaction and destination loyalty. Also, perceived crowding was confirmed to affect the relationship among these three variables negatively. In terms of academic contributions, this paper empirically proved that low levels of tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty among tourists who highly value their visiting experience at World Heritage Sites (WHS) can be caused by perceived crowding. So far, current literature has investigated the direct (either positive or negative) relationship between perceived crowding and post-visit behaviours of tourists (Nie et al., 2022; Papadopoulou, Ribeiro, & Prayag, 2023; Stemmer, Gjerald, & Øgaard, 2022). Broadening this area of research, the authors of this paper used the social interference theory and the stimulus-overload theory to explain the low level of tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty among tourists who highly value their visiting experience at WHS.How perceived crowding changes the interrelationships between perceived value, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: the empirical study at Hoi An
Long Nguyen Phi, Dung Hoang Phuong, Thong Vu Huy
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper seeks to revisit the interrelationship among tourists’ perceived value of the destination, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty in the heritage tourism site of Hoi An. In addition, the moderating role of tourists’ perceived crowding, which has become remarkably common at the site, in such a triangle relationship will also be explored. In other words, this study aims to validate an extended model of perceived value – tourist satisfaction – destination loyalty – perceived crowding.

The study collects data from 403 tourists who visited Hoi An during peak season through an online questionnaire. The data were later analysed using AMOS and Warp partial least squares.

The results validate the significant and positive correlation among perceived value, customer satisfaction and destination loyalty. Also, perceived crowding was confirmed to affect the relationship among these three variables negatively. In terms of academic contributions, this paper empirically proved that low levels of tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty among tourists who highly value their visiting experience at World Heritage Sites (WHS) can be caused by perceived crowding.

So far, current literature has investigated the direct (either positive or negative) relationship between perceived crowding and post-visit behaviours of tourists (Nie et al., 2022; Papadopoulou, Ribeiro, & Prayag, 2023; Stemmer, Gjerald, & Øgaard, 2022). Broadening this area of research, the authors of this paper used the social interference theory and the stimulus-overload theory to explain the low level of tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty among tourists who highly value their visiting experience at WHS.

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How perceived crowding changes the interrelationships between perceived value, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: the empirical study at Hoi An10.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0155International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-01-16© 2024 International Tourism Studies AssociationLong Nguyen PhiDung Hoang PhuongThong Vu HuyInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-1610.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0155https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0155/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 International Tourism Studies Association
Emotions or numbers in tourism advertisements? A comprehensive analysis of two neighboring destinations in the pre- and post-COVID-19 periodhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0167/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestBy analyzing tourist choices in Side and Alanya, well-known destinations for tourists in Türkiye’s thriving urban tourism sector, this study aims to fill a crucial vacuum in the body of knowledge about urban tourism. The study examines the changing dynamics of consumer preferences for advertisements and closely examines the underlying factors that influence these preferences, both pre and post-influential COVID-19 period. This study clarifies the complex interplay between tourism marketing and prospective tourists’ decision-making processes through a thorough examination. This research greatly improves our understanding of urban tourism marketing strategies by examining the varying effects of advertising channels and comparing the persuasive power of emotional versus numerical advertising messages. This study’s findings significantly advance our understanding of urban tourism. Examining how visitors react to advertisements in the various urban environments of Side and Alanya offers insightful information on how marketing strategies and visitor preferences correlate. This research also reveals the subtleties of efficient communication techniques, providing a practical basis for improving urban tourism experiences. Being the first study of its sort, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research’s originality is supported by its insights into how advertising, consumer preferences and the urban tourism environment interact. The significant contribution to knowledge highlights the implications for those involved in urban tourism and provides practical advice for improving advertising tactics in the post-COVID-19 age.Emotions or numbers in tourism advertisements? A comprehensive analysis of two neighboring destinations in the pre- and post-COVID-19 period
M. Bahadır Kalıpçı
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

By analyzing tourist choices in Side and Alanya, well-known destinations for tourists in Türkiye’s thriving urban tourism sector, this study aims to fill a crucial vacuum in the body of knowledge about urban tourism. The study examines the changing dynamics of consumer preferences for advertisements and closely examines the underlying factors that influence these preferences, both pre and post-influential COVID-19 period.

This study clarifies the complex interplay between tourism marketing and prospective tourists’ decision-making processes through a thorough examination. This research greatly improves our understanding of urban tourism marketing strategies by examining the varying effects of advertising channels and comparing the persuasive power of emotional versus numerical advertising messages.

This study’s findings significantly advance our understanding of urban tourism. Examining how visitors react to advertisements in the various urban environments of Side and Alanya offers insightful information on how marketing strategies and visitor preferences correlate. This research also reveals the subtleties of efficient communication techniques, providing a practical basis for improving urban tourism experiences.

Being the first study of its sort, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research’s originality is supported by its insights into how advertising, consumer preferences and the urban tourism environment interact. The significant contribution to knowledge highlights the implications for those involved in urban tourism and provides practical advice for improving advertising tactics in the post-COVID-19 age.

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Emotions or numbers in tourism advertisements? A comprehensive analysis of two neighboring destinations in the pre- and post-COVID-19 period10.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0167International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-02-13© 2024 International Tourism Studies AssociationM. Bahadır KalıpçıInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1310.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0167https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-08-2023-0167/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 International Tourism Studies Association
The social construction of anti-tourism protest in tourist cities: a case study of Barcelonahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0211/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestFocusing on critical discourse analysis, this paper aims to propose a framework for analysing the way activist anti-tourism groups construct their social action of protest. The authors argue that activist groups use different narrative strategies to construct and legitimise their discourse of protest to convey social meanings for social action practices. This study represents an attempt to explain how anti-tourism activist groups have the agency to build different paradigms of protest rooted in particular views of tourism. As a result of the lack of research in this area, this study used a comparative case study methodology drawn on four case studies in the field of anti-tourism protest. Case study is deemed adequate to explore a complex social phenomenon, how activist groups differ from each other, in a specific socio-economic context. A critical discourse analysis method is used to study primary (interviews) and secondary sources (reports, websites and online campaigns documents) of information, which express the activist group motivations and objectives to protest against tourism. This study’s findings provide evidence in how discourse differs among the protest groups. Three narrative paradigms of protest are identified, which guide their agency: scepticism, based on a global and ecological approach; non-interventionist transformation, rooted in local community issues; and direct transformation, based on a sectoral problem-solving approach. These differences are interpreted as the consequences of the emergence and the development of different paths of protest according to specific social contexts and power relations in which anti-tourism groups are embedded. This paper provides a contemporary approach to anti-tourism activism within the context of social movements. This case study may be of interest to practitioners and international destination managers interested in gaining a better understanding of anti-tourism protest strategies, new anti-tourism narratives following COVID-19 and the opportunities and challenges for opening a dialogue with those involved in activism and social urban movements as part of sustainable tourism governance. Our results can also help activists to rethink how they integrate differences and particular strategic positions to avoid hindering collective action. This knowledge is especially useful for managers and authorities seeking to develop more accurate collaborative governance practices with local activists, and especially those interested in fostering participative action without marginalising the diverse range of local community perspectives.The social construction of anti-tourism protest in tourist cities: a case study of Barcelona
Francesc González-Reverté, Anna Soliguer Guix
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Focusing on critical discourse analysis, this paper aims to propose a framework for analysing the way activist anti-tourism groups construct their social action of protest. The authors argue that activist groups use different narrative strategies to construct and legitimise their discourse of protest to convey social meanings for social action practices. This study represents an attempt to explain how anti-tourism activist groups have the agency to build different paradigms of protest rooted in particular views of tourism.

As a result of the lack of research in this area, this study used a comparative case study methodology drawn on four case studies in the field of anti-tourism protest. Case study is deemed adequate to explore a complex social phenomenon, how activist groups differ from each other, in a specific socio-economic context. A critical discourse analysis method is used to study primary (interviews) and secondary sources (reports, websites and online campaigns documents) of information, which express the activist group motivations and objectives to protest against tourism.

This study’s findings provide evidence in how discourse differs among the protest groups. Three narrative paradigms of protest are identified, which guide their agency: scepticism, based on a global and ecological approach; non-interventionist transformation, rooted in local community issues; and direct transformation, based on a sectoral problem-solving approach. These differences are interpreted as the consequences of the emergence and the development of different paths of protest according to specific social contexts and power relations in which anti-tourism groups are embedded.

This paper provides a contemporary approach to anti-tourism activism within the context of social movements. This case study may be of interest to practitioners and international destination managers interested in gaining a better understanding of anti-tourism protest strategies, new anti-tourism narratives following COVID-19 and the opportunities and challenges for opening a dialogue with those involved in activism and social urban movements as part of sustainable tourism governance. Our results can also help activists to rethink how they integrate differences and particular strategic positions to avoid hindering collective action. This knowledge is especially useful for managers and authorities seeking to develop more accurate collaborative governance practices with local activists, and especially those interested in fostering participative action without marginalising the diverse range of local community perspectives.

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The social construction of anti-tourism protest in tourist cities: a case study of Barcelona10.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0211International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-02-13© 2024 Francesc González-Reverté and Anna Soliguer Guix.Francesc González-RevertéAnna Soliguer GuixInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1310.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0211https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0211/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Francesc González-Reverté and Anna Soliguer Guix.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Destination image and tourist motivations as antecedents of tourist engagementhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0214/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to establish the causal relationship between destination image and tourist motivation and engagement. A causal model with seven hypotheses was tested into a sample of 438 domestic tourists in Acapulco (Mexico). Cognitive destination image is the main antecedent of tourist engagement, exerting an important direct and indirect effect through push and pull motivations. Affective image also exerts a direct effect on tourist engagement and an indirect effect through push and pull motivations. Only pull motivations exert an influence on tourist engagement. The study is based on domestic tourists at a sun and beach destination. Destination management organisations should invest in the care, improvement and promotion of tourism resources. Online and offline communication campaigns should be based on tourism resources and experiences. This paper fulfils three research gaps: destination image is associated with tourist engagement; tourist motivations affect tourist engagement; and destination image is associated with tourist motivations.Destination image and tourist motivations as antecedents of tourist engagement
Miguel Ángel Moliner-Tena, Lucio Hernández-Lobato, Juan Carlos Fandos-Roig, María Magdalena Solís-Radilla
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to establish the causal relationship between destination image and tourist motivation and engagement.

A causal model with seven hypotheses was tested into a sample of 438 domestic tourists in Acapulco (Mexico).

Cognitive destination image is the main antecedent of tourist engagement, exerting an important direct and indirect effect through push and pull motivations. Affective image also exerts a direct effect on tourist engagement and an indirect effect through push and pull motivations. Only pull motivations exert an influence on tourist engagement.

The study is based on domestic tourists at a sun and beach destination.

Destination management organisations should invest in the care, improvement and promotion of tourism resources. Online and offline communication campaigns should be based on tourism resources and experiences.

This paper fulfils three research gaps: destination image is associated with tourist engagement; tourist motivations affect tourist engagement; and destination image is associated with tourist motivations.

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Destination image and tourist motivations as antecedents of tourist engagement10.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0214International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-07-13© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationMiguel Ángel Moliner-TenaLucio Hernández-LobatoJuan Carlos Fandos-RoigMaría Magdalena Solís-RadillaInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-07-1310.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0214https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0214/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Heritage tourism and peace interdependency: news content analysis on the destruction and the rebuilding drives of Jahanabad Buddha Statue, Swat, Pakistanhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0222/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to discern the potential dimensions amid the duality of heritage tourism and peace. Reflecting on the phases of destruction and rebuilding of Seated Buddha of Jahanabad, this study used the content analysis of 40 news sources, to unravel the resultant avenues of heritage tourism and peace. Following the qualitative research strategy, the interface of NVivo 12 has been used to transcribe the textual and visual content of media news. The media news aired on the incident of destruction phase in 2007, and rebuilding drive in 2012–2016 were the two sets of collected data. A hierarchy of thematic analysis was adopted to identify nodes, subthemes and themes. Findings of this study highlighted six themes: peaceful imagery, PI; heritage dissonance, HD, vs interfaith harmony, IH; peace allegory through restoration, PAR; precursor of heritage sustainability, PHS; community heritage consonance, CHC; and heritage touristic valuation, HTV. This study lacks statistical data of the quantitative research domain. Aimed at a single heritage site, it analyzed limited number of news sources. This study offers implications for industrial, theoretical, managerial and governmental stakeholders in their respective domains. Moreover, it also provides takeouts for common readers. This study contends a significant research issue and analyzes the destruction and rebuilding of a heritage site in a developing country. Primarily in the sociogeographic context of the research issue, the resultant dimensions are novel and demanding.Heritage tourism and peace interdependency: news content analysis on the destruction and the rebuilding drives of Jahanabad Buddha Statue, Swat, Pakistan
Farhad Nazir, Norberto Santos, Luís Silveira
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to discern the potential dimensions amid the duality of heritage tourism and peace. Reflecting on the phases of destruction and rebuilding of Seated Buddha of Jahanabad, this study used the content analysis of 40 news sources, to unravel the resultant avenues of heritage tourism and peace.

Following the qualitative research strategy, the interface of NVivo 12 has been used to transcribe the textual and visual content of media news. The media news aired on the incident of destruction phase in 2007, and rebuilding drive in 2012–2016 were the two sets of collected data. A hierarchy of thematic analysis was adopted to identify nodes, subthemes and themes.

Findings of this study highlighted six themes: peaceful imagery, PI; heritage dissonance, HD, vs interfaith harmony, IH; peace allegory through restoration, PAR; precursor of heritage sustainability, PHS; community heritage consonance, CHC; and heritage touristic valuation, HTV.

This study lacks statistical data of the quantitative research domain. Aimed at a single heritage site, it analyzed limited number of news sources.

This study offers implications for industrial, theoretical, managerial and governmental stakeholders in their respective domains. Moreover, it also provides takeouts for common readers.

This study contends a significant research issue and analyzes the destruction and rebuilding of a heritage site in a developing country. Primarily in the sociogeographic context of the research issue, the resultant dimensions are novel and demanding.

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Heritage tourism and peace interdependency: news content analysis on the destruction and the rebuilding drives of Jahanabad Buddha Statue, Swat, Pakistan10.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0222International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-09-13© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationFarhad NazirNorberto SantosLuís SilveiraInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-09-1310.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0222https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0222/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
What does the media tell us about a destination? The Cancun case, seen from the USA, Canada, and Mexicohttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0223/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to present a framework for automatically collecting, cleaning and analyzing text (news articles, in this case) to provide valuable decision-making information to destination management organizations. Keeping a record of certain aspects of the projected destination image of an attraction (Cancun in this study) will grant the design of better strategies for the promotion and administration of destinations without the time-consuming effort of manually evaluating high quantities of textual information. Using Web scraping, news articles were collected from the USA, Mexico and Canada over an interval of one year. The documents were analyzed using an automatic topic modeling method known as Latent Dirichlet Allocation and a coherence analysis to determine the number of themes present in each collection. With the data provided, the authors were able to extract valuable information to understand how Cancun is presented to the countries. It was found that in all countries, Cancun is an important destination to travel and vacation; however, given the period defined for this study (from July 2021 to July 2022), an important part of the articles analyzed was concerned with the sanitary measures derived from the COVID-19 pandemic. Besides, given the rise of violence and the threat of organized crime, many articles from the three countries are focused on warning potential tourists about the risks of traveling to Cancun. The examination of the relevant literature revealed that similar analyses are manually performed by the experts on a set of predefined categories. Although those approaches are methodologically sound, the logistic effort and the time used could become prohibitively expensive, precluding carrying out this analysis frequently. Additionally, the preestablished categories to be studied in press articles may distort the results. For these reasons, the proposed framework automatically allows for gathering valuable information for decision-making in an unbiased manner.What does the media tell us about a destination? The Cancun case, seen from the USA, Canada, and Mexico
Elizabeth Olmos-Martínez, Miguel Á. Álvarez-Carmona, Ramón Aranda, Angel Díaz-Pacheco
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to present a framework for automatically collecting, cleaning and analyzing text (news articles, in this case) to provide valuable decision-making information to destination management organizations. Keeping a record of certain aspects of the projected destination image of an attraction (Cancun in this study) will grant the design of better strategies for the promotion and administration of destinations without the time-consuming effort of manually evaluating high quantities of textual information.

Using Web scraping, news articles were collected from the USA, Mexico and Canada over an interval of one year. The documents were analyzed using an automatic topic modeling method known as Latent Dirichlet Allocation and a coherence analysis to determine the number of themes present in each collection. With the data provided, the authors were able to extract valuable information to understand how Cancun is presented to the countries.

It was found that in all countries, Cancun is an important destination to travel and vacation; however, given the period defined for this study (from July 2021 to July 2022), an important part of the articles analyzed was concerned with the sanitary measures derived from the COVID-19 pandemic. Besides, given the rise of violence and the threat of organized crime, many articles from the three countries are focused on warning potential tourists about the risks of traveling to Cancun.

The examination of the relevant literature revealed that similar analyses are manually performed by the experts on a set of predefined categories. Although those approaches are methodologically sound, the logistic effort and the time used could become prohibitively expensive, precluding carrying out this analysis frequently. Additionally, the preestablished categories to be studied in press articles may distort the results. For these reasons, the proposed framework automatically allows for gathering valuable information for decision-making in an unbiased manner.

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What does the media tell us about a destination? The Cancun case, seen from the USA, Canada, and Mexico10.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0223International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-05-16© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedElizabeth Olmos-MartínezMiguel Á. Álvarez-CarmonaRamón ArandaAngel Díaz-PachecoInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-05-1610.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0223https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-09-2022-0223/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Constructing Spanish smart destinations: a new guide for the tourism industryhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-09-2023-0193/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to analyse Benidorm, San Sebastián, Gijón, Málaga, Tenerife Island and Santander smart tourist destinations (STDs) as a touristic model and example to follow by other destinations in Spain and all over the world. To fulfil the stated objective, this study follows several phases that introduce and classify a set of measures implemented by the six Spanish smart destinations to be designed as a STD. Findings suggest that being a STD requires a high cost, and this is only accessible to big destinations with enough resources. Of the 50 Spanish provinces, eight are STDs, and these are localised in coastal areas. Obviously, this challenge is not within the reach of any Spanish city. Moreover, findings of the current study prove that the six Spanish smart destinations have a good air accessibility through their six airports, but the accessibility in a STD is not just physical; this must provide digital accessibility to tourists through destination marketing organisation’s website and app that will supply them with information on a wide range of services, including accommodations, tourist attractions, restaurants, public transport, museums and monuments’ locations, amongst many others. From a resident point of view, a STD cannot be only focused on a technological and tourism context; a STD also requires knowing and meeting the needs of local residents and having a voice in decision-making processes. Hence, this study shows a new perspective on STDs that will benefit the literature on STDs.Constructing Spanish smart destinations: a new guide for the tourism industry
Lázaro Florido-Benítez
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to analyse Benidorm, San Sebastián, Gijón, Málaga, Tenerife Island and Santander smart tourist destinations (STDs) as a touristic model and example to follow by other destinations in Spain and all over the world.

To fulfil the stated objective, this study follows several phases that introduce and classify a set of measures implemented by the six Spanish smart destinations to be designed as a STD.

Findings suggest that being a STD requires a high cost, and this is only accessible to big destinations with enough resources. Of the 50 Spanish provinces, eight are STDs, and these are localised in coastal areas. Obviously, this challenge is not within the reach of any Spanish city. Moreover, findings of the current study prove that the six Spanish smart destinations have a good air accessibility through their six airports, but the accessibility in a STD is not just physical; this must provide digital accessibility to tourists through destination marketing organisation’s website and app that will supply them with information on a wide range of services, including accommodations, tourist attractions, restaurants, public transport, museums and monuments’ locations, amongst many others.

From a resident point of view, a STD cannot be only focused on a technological and tourism context; a STD also requires knowing and meeting the needs of local residents and having a voice in decision-making processes. Hence, this study shows a new perspective on STDs that will benefit the literature on STDs.

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Constructing Spanish smart destinations: a new guide for the tourism industry10.1108/IJTC-09-2023-0193International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-01-01© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationLázaro Florido-BenítezInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-0110.1108/IJTC-09-2023-0193https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-09-2023-0193/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Perceptions of Airbnb’s impact beyond the tourist bubbles of Cusco, Peru: an exploration of resident irritabilityhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-10-2022-0232/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestSpecifically, this study aims to examine residents’ perceptions regarding the following: the sociocultural, environmental and economic impacts generated by the presence of Airbnb and the irritability caused by the presence of Airbnb based on Doxey’s Doxey (1975) irritation index (i.e. index). Twenty-one semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted between February and March 2021 with residents of three condominiums in the Huancaro residential complex. Data were analyzed using the qualitative data analysis software ATLAS.ti 8. Results showed that participants perceived negative economic impacts regarding investments, jobs, real estate prices and overall cost of living; negative sociocultural impacts regarding criminality, social conflicts and cultural exchange; and negative environmental impacts regarding sanitation in the context of the pandemic and the state of the Airbnb apartments. Further, it was found that participants related to the following three of the four stages of irritability: euphoria, apathy and annoyance. It is necessary to complement the information with the perceptions of the residents about the city’s authorities and managers in the hotel business before the stage of the COVID-19 pandemic and the current stage. The study identifies improve Airbnb operations like establishing health paraments and defining cohabitation rules at the condominiums. The residents consider that visitors’ returns produce positive and negative impacts on the quality of life being important for understanding their perceptions. Short-term rental companies, such as Airbnb, generate a range of impacts on urban residents, particularly when travelers encroach on areas of the city beyond the traditional “tourist bubbles.” This study explored the perceptions of Airbnb’s impacts on activities among residents of Huancaro, a residential section of Cusco-Peru, in the context of tourism reopening after a year of an almost complete halt in tourism activities because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also highlighted the heterogenetic responses to Airbnb within the community.Perceptions of Airbnb’s impact beyond the tourist bubbles of Cusco, Peru: an exploration of resident irritability
Mildred Arevalo, Jonathon Day, Sandra Sotomayor, Nancy Karen Guillen
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Specifically, this study aims to examine residents’ perceptions regarding the following: the sociocultural, environmental and economic impacts generated by the presence of Airbnb and the irritability caused by the presence of Airbnb based on Doxey’s Doxey (1975) irritation index (i.e. index).

Twenty-one semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted between February and March 2021 with residents of three condominiums in the Huancaro residential complex. Data were analyzed using the qualitative data analysis software ATLAS.ti 8.

Results showed that participants perceived negative economic impacts regarding investments, jobs, real estate prices and overall cost of living; negative sociocultural impacts regarding criminality, social conflicts and cultural exchange; and negative environmental impacts regarding sanitation in the context of the pandemic and the state of the Airbnb apartments. Further, it was found that participants related to the following three of the four stages of irritability: euphoria, apathy and annoyance.

It is necessary to complement the information with the perceptions of the residents about the city’s authorities and managers in the hotel business before the stage of the COVID-19 pandemic and the current stage.

The study identifies improve Airbnb operations like establishing health paraments and defining cohabitation rules at the condominiums.

The residents consider that visitors’ returns produce positive and negative impacts on the quality of life being important for understanding their perceptions.

Short-term rental companies, such as Airbnb, generate a range of impacts on urban residents, particularly when travelers encroach on areas of the city beyond the traditional “tourist bubbles.” This study explored the perceptions of Airbnb’s impacts on activities among residents of Huancaro, a residential section of Cusco-Peru, in the context of tourism reopening after a year of an almost complete halt in tourism activities because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also highlighted the heterogenetic responses to Airbnb within the community.

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Perceptions of Airbnb’s impact beyond the tourist bubbles of Cusco, Peru: an exploration of resident irritability10.1108/IJTC-10-2022-0232International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-11-06© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationMildred ArevaloJonathon DaySandra SotomayorNancy Karen GuillenInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-0610.1108/IJTC-10-2022-0232https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-10-2022-0232/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Antecedents of residents’ support for cruise tourism in the Bahamas during the era of COVID-19 pandemichttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-10-2022-0235/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to disclose the antecedent factors for predicting support for cruise tourism in the Bahamas. It investigated the relationship between residents’ support for cruise tourism and the four indicators that were the positive/negative impact of cruise tourism on the community, perceived conflicts in sharing information and concerns about the COVID-19 pandemic. Using 278 surveys of local residents near major cruise ports in the Bahamas, this study identified the salient variables in tourism impact and conflict factors. The survey questionnaire was adapted and developed from relevant studies and modified to suit the context of cruise tourism. The results revealed that residents’ perceived conflict was insignificantly associated with their support for cruise tourism. In contrast, their concerns about COVID-19 and perceptions of the positive and negative cruise tourism impacts were statistically significant in predicting the likelihood of support for tourism. This study suggests implications for enhancing the long-term growth of the cruise industry, which is vulnerable to environmental threats such as Covid-19.Antecedents of residents’ support for cruise tourism in the Bahamas during the era of COVID-19 pandemic
Ounjoung Park, Angie Yeonsook Im, Dae-Young Kim
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to disclose the antecedent factors for predicting support for cruise tourism in the Bahamas. It investigated the relationship between residents’ support for cruise tourism and the four indicators that were the positive/negative impact of cruise tourism on the community, perceived conflicts in sharing information and concerns about the COVID-19 pandemic.

Using 278 surveys of local residents near major cruise ports in the Bahamas, this study identified the salient variables in tourism impact and conflict factors. The survey questionnaire was adapted and developed from relevant studies and modified to suit the context of cruise tourism.

The results revealed that residents’ perceived conflict was insignificantly associated with their support for cruise tourism. In contrast, their concerns about COVID-19 and perceptions of the positive and negative cruise tourism impacts were statistically significant in predicting the likelihood of support for tourism.

This study suggests implications for enhancing the long-term growth of the cruise industry, which is vulnerable to environmental threats such as Covid-19.

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Antecedents of residents’ support for cruise tourism in the Bahamas during the era of COVID-19 pandemic10.1108/IJTC-10-2022-0235International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-03-26© 2024 International Tourism Studies AssociationOunjoung ParkAngie Yeonsook ImDae-Young KimInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2610.1108/IJTC-10-2022-0235https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-10-2022-0235/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 International Tourism Studies Association
Mapping the landscape of tourism cities research: a bibliometric analysis of the International Journal of Tourism Citieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-10-2023-0207/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research addresses the pressing need for comprehensive studies in the rapidly evolving field of city tourism. This study aims to understand the overall performance of the International Journal of Tourism Cities (IJTC), the structure of knowledge in city tourism research and the prevalent themes and trends arising from IJTC. A bibliometric analysis was conducted to scrutinize the publication patterns in IJTC. This involved examining parameters such as the annual count of published articles, the keywords used in them and their respective authors. The findings reveal that IJTC has a growing and diverse publication output, establishing itself as a reputable and influential publication within urban tourism research. The results reflect various aspects and themes in city tourism research. The study has certain limitations. The data used for analysis was obtained exclusively from the Scopus database. The analysis was conducted using only one software package, Bibliometrix. Other software packages may offer different features for bibliometric analysis. The study relied exclusively on quantitative methods for data analysis. Qualitative methods could have provided more nuanced interpretations of the data. Comparative analyses could be conducted between IJTC and other journals within urban tourism or related disciplines. Such research would yield valuable insights into the current state of the field and aid in identifying areas warranting further investigation. The findings from this study can inform the decisions and actions of various stakeholders involved in urban tourism. Practitioners and policymakers can draw from this research to make informed decisions. Existing and emerging authors can identify relevant topics for their research. Readers can access pertinent information for their needs. This study offers a unique contribution by thoroughly comprehending the performance of IJTC between 2015 and 2023. It progresses the existing body of knowledge on city tourism research by examining its current status and future trends.Mapping the landscape of tourism cities research: a bibliometric analysis of the International Journal of Tourism Cities
Deep Jyoti Gurung, Vanessa Gowreesunkar
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research addresses the pressing need for comprehensive studies in the rapidly evolving field of city tourism. This study aims to understand the overall performance of the International Journal of Tourism Cities (IJTC), the structure of knowledge in city tourism research and the prevalent themes and trends arising from IJTC.

A bibliometric analysis was conducted to scrutinize the publication patterns in IJTC. This involved examining parameters such as the annual count of published articles, the keywords used in them and their respective authors.

The findings reveal that IJTC has a growing and diverse publication output, establishing itself as a reputable and influential publication within urban tourism research. The results reflect various aspects and themes in city tourism research.

The study has certain limitations. The data used for analysis was obtained exclusively from the Scopus database. The analysis was conducted using only one software package, Bibliometrix. Other software packages may offer different features for bibliometric analysis. The study relied exclusively on quantitative methods for data analysis. Qualitative methods could have provided more nuanced interpretations of the data.

Comparative analyses could be conducted between IJTC and other journals within urban tourism or related disciplines. Such research would yield valuable insights into the current state of the field and aid in identifying areas warranting further investigation.

The findings from this study can inform the decisions and actions of various stakeholders involved in urban tourism. Practitioners and policymakers can draw from this research to make informed decisions. Existing and emerging authors can identify relevant topics for their research. Readers can access pertinent information for their needs.

This study offers a unique contribution by thoroughly comprehending the performance of IJTC between 2015 and 2023. It progresses the existing body of knowledge on city tourism research by examining its current status and future trends.

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Mapping the landscape of tourism cities research: a bibliometric analysis of the International Journal of Tourism Cities10.1108/IJTC-10-2023-0207International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-12-14© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationDeep Jyoti GurungVanessa GowreesunkarInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-12-1410.1108/IJTC-10-2023-0207https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-10-2023-0207/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Harnessing appreciative inquiry in tourism planning: towards a strategy for poverty alleviation in marginalised communitieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-10-2023-0208/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to apply the appreciative inquiry approach (AI) to develop a tourism strategy for poverty alleviation in marginalised communities. The focus is to provide practical insights for leveraging tourism to drive positive socio-economic change for the impoverished, using Rosetta, a port city in Egypt with cultural and historical significance, as a case study. This qualitative applied study uses the four-D phases of AI and thematic analysis to strategise tourism development in Rosetta. Through interviews, focus groups and field visits, the study identifies tourism potential, stakeholder aspirations and actionable strategies for sustainable development. The approach prioritises a bottom-up, community-centric and stakeholder-involved process, aiming for inclusive and equitable growth. The study revealed Rosetta’s underutilised tourism potential, emphasising heritage tourism. Although tourism offers some economic benefits, its impact on alleviating poverty in Rosetta remains limited. A holistic strategy for tourism development in Rosetta is proposed for economic growth and poverty reduction, focusing on sustainable management, local empowerment, enhanced marketing, improved infrastructure and diversified tourism offerings. While AI is not new in qualitative studies, the novelty of this study lies in its application to tourism planning for poverty alleviation in a marginalised community like Rosetta, introducing a comprehensive tourism strategy with an original framework applicable to comparable destinations. The study’s significance is emphasised by providing actionable strategies for policymakers, valuable insights for practitioners and enriching the discourse and methodology on pro-poor tourism for academics, representing a step towards filling the gap between theoretical concepts and practical strategies.Harnessing appreciative inquiry in tourism planning: towards a strategy for poverty alleviation in marginalised communities
Tamer M. Elsawy
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to apply the appreciative inquiry approach (AI) to develop a tourism strategy for poverty alleviation in marginalised communities. The focus is to provide practical insights for leveraging tourism to drive positive socio-economic change for the impoverished, using Rosetta, a port city in Egypt with cultural and historical significance, as a case study.

This qualitative applied study uses the four-D phases of AI and thematic analysis to strategise tourism development in Rosetta. Through interviews, focus groups and field visits, the study identifies tourism potential, stakeholder aspirations and actionable strategies for sustainable development. The approach prioritises a bottom-up, community-centric and stakeholder-involved process, aiming for inclusive and equitable growth.

The study revealed Rosetta’s underutilised tourism potential, emphasising heritage tourism. Although tourism offers some economic benefits, its impact on alleviating poverty in Rosetta remains limited. A holistic strategy for tourism development in Rosetta is proposed for economic growth and poverty reduction, focusing on sustainable management, local empowerment, enhanced marketing, improved infrastructure and diversified tourism offerings.

While AI is not new in qualitative studies, the novelty of this study lies in its application to tourism planning for poverty alleviation in a marginalised community like Rosetta, introducing a comprehensive tourism strategy with an original framework applicable to comparable destinations. The study’s significance is emphasised by providing actionable strategies for policymakers, valuable insights for practitioners and enriching the discourse and methodology on pro-poor tourism for academics, representing a step towards filling the gap between theoretical concepts and practical strategies.

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Harnessing appreciative inquiry in tourism planning: towards a strategy for poverty alleviation in marginalised communities10.1108/IJTC-10-2023-0208International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-03-25© 2024 International Tourism Studies AssociationTamer M. ElsawyInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2510.1108/IJTC-10-2023-0208https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-10-2023-0208/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 International Tourism Studies Association
Analysis of the competitiveness factors for MICE tourism: the case of Mazatlan, Sinaloahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-11-2022-0248/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestMeetings, incentives, conferences and exhibitions (MICE) tourism has established as a tourism segment that is growing in popularity. It is less seasonality dependent, promotes the offer of services and contributes to the development of the sector. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the competitiveness factors for the improvement of MICE tourism in the city of Mazatlan. It was developed with a mixed approach, using quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques, such as interviews with experts, surveys of stakeholders in the tourism sector and documentary analysis. Based on the theoretical review, the following four competitiveness factors were defined for MICE tourism: 1) resource factors, 2) destination management factors, 3) conditioning factors of the environment and 4) conditioning factors of the demand, applying and importance-performance analysis. The results indicate that the factors of competitiveness in the case of the study that had greater importance and better performance are the conditioning factors of the demand and resource factors. However, the development and implementation of comprehensive destination management strategies are required to improve this segment, as well as giving due importance to taking into account the important conditioning factors of the environment. This study makes a theoretical contribution to the literature on the competitiveness of tourist destinations in the MICE segment by identifying the factors for its development, as well as the practical implications for the specific case study. In addition to this, it was identified that there are few empirical studies that analyze the factors that contribute to improving the competitiveness of this segment.Analysis of the competitiveness factors for MICE tourism: the case of Mazatlan, Sinaloa
Margarita Guadalupe Zazueta-Hernández, Mónica Velarde-Valdez
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Meetings, incentives, conferences and exhibitions (MICE) tourism has established as a tourism segment that is growing in popularity. It is less seasonality dependent, promotes the offer of services and contributes to the development of the sector. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the competitiveness factors for the improvement of MICE tourism in the city of Mazatlan.

It was developed with a mixed approach, using quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques, such as interviews with experts, surveys of stakeholders in the tourism sector and documentary analysis. Based on the theoretical review, the following four competitiveness factors were defined for MICE tourism: 1) resource factors, 2) destination management factors, 3) conditioning factors of the environment and 4) conditioning factors of the demand, applying and importance-performance analysis.

The results indicate that the factors of competitiveness in the case of the study that had greater importance and better performance are the conditioning factors of the demand and resource factors. However, the development and implementation of comprehensive destination management strategies are required to improve this segment, as well as giving due importance to taking into account the important conditioning factors of the environment.

This study makes a theoretical contribution to the literature on the competitiveness of tourist destinations in the MICE segment by identifying the factors for its development, as well as the practical implications for the specific case study. In addition to this, it was identified that there are few empirical studies that analyze the factors that contribute to improving the competitiveness of this segment.

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Analysis of the competitiveness factors for MICE tourism: the case of Mazatlan, Sinaloa10.1108/IJTC-11-2022-0248International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-09-13© 2023 International Tourism Studies AssociationMargarita Guadalupe Zazueta-HernándezMónica Velarde-ValdezInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-09-1310.1108/IJTC-11-2022-0248https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-11-2022-0248/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 International Tourism Studies Association
Livable cities in the global south: Buenos Aires city in the new normalhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-11-2023-0239/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestSocial sciences have discussed the host–guest relation from many theoretical lenses and perspectives. Violence as well as local crime has been studied as one of the major risks concerning tourism security. Anyway, less attention was given to homeless people and their interaction with foreign or local tourists. The purpose of this paper is oriented to explain how globalization has winners and losers, in which case, as noted, thousands of persons are excluded from the formal labor marketplace or the economic system year by year. This is a conceptual paper that discusses critically not only the recent advances of sociology in urban tourism but also the connection between homeless people and tourists. There is an urban underclass formed by those who have been excluded from the economic system. What is more important, such an underclass situates nearby luxury hotels and tourist destinations creating serious contradictions or zones of disputes. These contradictions have been approached by different sociologists since the turn of the 20th century. The question of sustainability, as well as the idea of liveable cities, and the efficient organization of the city, have occupied a central position in the academic debate, above all after the COVID-19 pandemic. In the present paper, the authors put in dialogue the contributions of Marc Auge with Zyggy Bauman toward a new understanding of this postmodern phenomenon. Based on the metaphor of vagabonds and tourists, we give a snapshot of the problem of homelessness in Buenos Aires city and its effects on the tourism industry. Unlike other English-speaking countries where the cities are actively organized by the state, Buenos Aires city lacks a planned program to regulate and relocate homeless people. They dwell in nonplaces nearby tourists sleeping in the streets near luxury hotels (but for sure escaping any planning or governmental control).Livable cities in the global south: Buenos Aires city in the new normal
Maximiliano Emanuel Korstanje
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Social sciences have discussed the host–guest relation from many theoretical lenses and perspectives. Violence as well as local crime has been studied as one of the major risks concerning tourism security. Anyway, less attention was given to homeless people and their interaction with foreign or local tourists. The purpose of this paper is oriented to explain how globalization has winners and losers, in which case, as noted, thousands of persons are excluded from the formal labor marketplace or the economic system year by year.

This is a conceptual paper that discusses critically not only the recent advances of sociology in urban tourism but also the connection between homeless people and tourists.

There is an urban underclass formed by those who have been excluded from the economic system. What is more important, such an underclass situates nearby luxury hotels and tourist destinations creating serious contradictions or zones of disputes. These contradictions have been approached by different sociologists since the turn of the 20th century.

The question of sustainability, as well as the idea of liveable cities, and the efficient organization of the city, have occupied a central position in the academic debate, above all after the COVID-19 pandemic. In the present paper, the authors put in dialogue the contributions of Marc Auge with Zyggy Bauman toward a new understanding of this postmodern phenomenon.

Based on the metaphor of vagabonds and tourists, we give a snapshot of the problem of homelessness in Buenos Aires city and its effects on the tourism industry. Unlike other English-speaking countries where the cities are actively organized by the state, Buenos Aires city lacks a planned program to regulate and relocate homeless people. They dwell in nonplaces nearby tourists sleeping in the streets near luxury hotels (but for sure escaping any planning or governmental control).

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Livable cities in the global south: Buenos Aires city in the new normal10.1108/IJTC-11-2023-0239International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-03-12© 2024 International Tourism Studies AssociationMaximiliano Emanuel KorstanjeInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-1210.1108/IJTC-11-2023-0239https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-11-2023-0239/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 International Tourism Studies Association
Synthesizing qualitative insights: a meta-ethnography of tourism disaster management literaturehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-11-2023-0247/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDisasters can affect the important sector of tourism across the world. This study aims to combine qualitative findings from 13 publications to enhance disaster management plans for the security and resilience of the tourist industry. The authors used Noblit and Hare’s seven-step meta-ethnography method, identifying 13 qualitative studies on tourism disaster management through extensive searches in key databases (WoS, Scopus and Google Scholar), meeting inclusion criteria. NVivo 12 aided in coding, translation and comprehension of related ideas. Five interrelated and third-ordered conceptual categories were identified: extreme natural and malevolent events, lack of risk management and emerg+ency response, sustainable tourism, tourism resilience factors, disaster awareness and preparedness. Effective strategies demand collaboration, resource allocation and local engagement. This study offers a novel synthesis of qualitative research in tourism disaster management, enhancing understanding of resilience in the industry. It provides unique insights on cross-cultural dynamics, stakeholder engagement and integrated strategies while showcasing the utility of meta-ethnography in business and management research.Synthesizing qualitative insights: a meta-ethnography of tourism disaster management literature
Muhammad Asif, Hesham Fazel
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Disasters can affect the important sector of tourism across the world. This study aims to combine qualitative findings from 13 publications to enhance disaster management plans for the security and resilience of the tourist industry.

The authors used Noblit and Hare’s seven-step meta-ethnography method, identifying 13 qualitative studies on tourism disaster management through extensive searches in key databases (WoS, Scopus and Google Scholar), meeting inclusion criteria. NVivo 12 aided in coding, translation and comprehension of related ideas.

Five interrelated and third-ordered conceptual categories were identified: extreme natural and malevolent events, lack of risk management and emerg+ency response, sustainable tourism, tourism resilience factors, disaster awareness and preparedness. Effective strategies demand collaboration, resource allocation and local engagement.

This study offers a novel synthesis of qualitative research in tourism disaster management, enhancing understanding of resilience in the industry. It provides unique insights on cross-cultural dynamics, stakeholder engagement and integrated strategies while showcasing the utility of meta-ethnography in business and management research.

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Synthesizing qualitative insights: a meta-ethnography of tourism disaster management literature10.1108/IJTC-11-2023-0247International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-02-09© 2024 International Tourism Studies AssociationMuhammad AsifHesham FazelInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-0910.1108/IJTC-11-2023-0247https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-11-2023-0247/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 International Tourism Studies Association
Transforming urban industrial landscapes through art tourism – a gentrification aesthetics model from Abu Dhabi’s casehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-11-2023-0251/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to explore the opinions of business owners in an industrial area of Abu Dhabi that could be potentially turned into an art tourism destination. By mobilizing the concept of “gentrification aesthetics,” the authors use a recall technique to explore support toward art from business owners, regression analyses to understand how the type and content of art predicts gentrification support and chi-square to research the differences between respondents who support the area to become a creative place and those who do not. A model that explains the connection between gentrification aesthetics and art tourism is presented. The authors’ proposed model results from testing the possibilities for expanding art tourism specifically and may not apply to other types of tourism. Future research is needed to understand whether and how the model can be applied to other forms of tourist consumption. The current research presents a case study on how tourism can be strategically expanded into more rural places in a city. The authors found significant differences between respondents who would like to see Mussafah becoming a creative place in five years and those who believe Mussafah needs to be(come) something else. While work on tourism gentrification has been conducted, the nexus between gentrification aesthetics and art tourism cannot be found. Their relation can help to expend (art) tourism from busy cultural attractions to industrial areas. The present research fills this gap.Transforming urban industrial landscapes through art tourism – a gentrification aesthetics model from Abu Dhabi’s case
Nataša Slak, Paolo Mura
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to explore the opinions of business owners in an industrial area of Abu Dhabi that could be potentially turned into an art tourism destination.

By mobilizing the concept of “gentrification aesthetics,” the authors use a recall technique to explore support toward art from business owners, regression analyses to understand how the type and content of art predicts gentrification support and chi-square to research the differences between respondents who support the area to become a creative place and those who do not.

A model that explains the connection between gentrification aesthetics and art tourism is presented.

The authors’ proposed model results from testing the possibilities for expanding art tourism specifically and may not apply to other types of tourism. Future research is needed to understand whether and how the model can be applied to other forms of tourist consumption.

The current research presents a case study on how tourism can be strategically expanded into more rural places in a city.

The authors found significant differences between respondents who would like to see Mussafah becoming a creative place in five years and those who believe Mussafah needs to be(come) something else.

While work on tourism gentrification has been conducted, the nexus between gentrification aesthetics and art tourism cannot be found. Their relation can help to expend (art) tourism from busy cultural attractions to industrial areas. The present research fills this gap.

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Transforming urban industrial landscapes through art tourism – a gentrification aesthetics model from Abu Dhabi’s case10.1108/IJTC-11-2023-0251International Journal of Tourism Cities2024-03-14© 2024 International Tourism Studies AssociationNataša SlakPaolo MuraInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-1410.1108/IJTC-11-2023-0251https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-11-2023-0251/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 International Tourism Studies Association
Potentials, opportunities and challenges of ecotourism development in selected historical and sacred sites of North Shewa Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopiahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-12-2021-0242/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestEcotourism has emerged as a new hope of the tourism sector and is expected to overcome past pitfalls of mass tourism. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to assess the potentials and challenges of ecotourism development in the historic and sacred sites of North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. Data were collected through interview, household questionnaire, field observation and focused group discussion. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 23) and Excel. Based on household’s perception, churches and monasteries were mentioned as the main (17.58%) ecotourism attractions that have crucial role in ecotourism development in the area followed by biodiversity resources (17.23%) and Holy Water (16.01%). These existing ecotourism potentials and opportunities were discussed on the basis of five dimensions, i.e. historical and sacred attractions, biological attractions, cultural attractions, infrastructures and institutional potentials. The mean score values of a five-point Likert scale level of agreement or disagreement of respondents were between 2 and 4.5, implying overall responses of respondents spread between agree and strongly agree. The findings reveal that although the historic and sacred sites of the area have potential ecotourism opportunities, different anthropogenic activities are affecting its development. The researchers recommended awareness creation programs, promotion of sites, development of infrastructures, employments of well-trained professionals and allocation of sufficient budgets as a mechanism to use the ecotourism potential and solving the existing challenges.Potentials, opportunities and challenges of ecotourism development in selected historical and sacred sites of North Shewa Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia
Habtamu Mekonnen, Sefi Mekonen
International Journal of Tourism Cities, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Ecotourism has emerged as a new hope of the tourism sector and is expected to overcome past pitfalls of mass tourism. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to assess the potentials and challenges of ecotourism development in the historic and sacred sites of North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.

Data were collected through interview, household questionnaire, field observation and focused group discussion. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 23) and Excel.

Based on household’s perception, churches and monasteries were mentioned as the main (17.58%) ecotourism attractions that have crucial role in ecotourism development in the area followed by biodiversity resources (17.23%) and Holy Water (16.01%). These existing ecotourism potentials and opportunities were discussed on the basis of five dimensions, i.e. historical and sacred attractions, biological attractions, cultural attractions, infrastructures and institutional potentials. The mean score values of a five-point Likert scale level of agreement or disagreement of respondents were between 2 and 4.5, implying overall responses of respondents spread between agree and strongly agree.

The findings reveal that although the historic and sacred sites of the area have potential ecotourism opportunities, different anthropogenic activities are affecting its development. The researchers recommended awareness creation programs, promotion of sites, development of infrastructures, employments of well-trained professionals and allocation of sufficient budgets as a mechanism to use the ecotourism potential and solving the existing challenges.

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Potentials, opportunities and challenges of ecotourism development in selected historical and sacred sites of North Shewa Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia10.1108/IJTC-12-2021-0242International Journal of Tourism Cities2023-04-18© 2020 International Tourism Studies AssociationHabtamu MekonnenSefi MekonenInternational Journal of Tourism Citiesahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-04-1810.1108/IJTC-12-2021-0242https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJTC-12-2021-0242/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2020 International Tourism Studies Association