Effect of drying techniques on yield, nutritional, minerals of wild banana pulp (Musa balbisiana Colla): physicochemical and morphological characterization thereof
ISSN: 0007-070X
Article publication date: 30 April 2021
Issue publication date: 22 October 2021
Abstract
Purpose
The study was aimed to compare the effect of three drying techniques viz., spray, freeze and hot air oven (HAO) drying on yield, nutritional parameters, minerals and physicochemical and morphological characterization of wild banana pulp (Musa balbisiana Colla).
Design/methodology/approach
Contents of carbohydrate was estimated by Anthrone reagent, protein by Kjeldahl, fat by Soxhlet, dietary fiber and ash by Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), minerals by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, gross calorific value by Bomb calorimeter, moisture by moisture analyzer, water activity by water activity meter, morphological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), statistical level of significance at p < 0.05 by ANOVA, predictive modeling by simple and multiple linear regression.
Findings
Freeze and HAO drying were standardized with matured (stage 2) and spray drying with ripe bananas (stage 6). Freeze drying showed highest yield (76.69 ± 0.15%), minerals viz., K (1175.67 ± 1.41), Fe (2.27 ± 0.09), Mg (120.33 ± 0.47), Mn (4.40 ± 0.28) mg/100 g, protein (7.53 ± 0.14%), lesser moisture (7.95 ± 0.01%), water activity (0.17 ± 0.02aw), hygroscopicity (6.37 ± 1.09%), well dispersed particles by SEM. HAO drying exhibited highest dietary fiber (18.95 ± 0.24%), gross calorific value 357.17 kcal/100 gm, higher solubility (47.22 ± 0.86%). Spray drying showed highest carbohydrate (85.29 ± 0.01%), lowest yield (28.26 ± 0.32%), required 30.5% adjuncts.
Research limitations/implications
Effect of three drying techniques and use of adjuncts were not uniform for ripe and matured bananas.
Practical implications
Commercial utilization of seeded wild banana.
Social implications
Value addition of wild banana in Assam, India
Originality/value
Freeze drying of mature wild banana pulp (M. balbisiana) was found as best technique utilizing lesser energy.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
The study was funded by CSIR, Govt. of India, New Delhi under CSIR Mission on Nutraceuticals and Nutritionals (HCP0019) during 2018–2020. TB, NW and PSB acknowledge AcSIR, Ghaziabad-201002, Uttar Pradesh, India and CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat-785006, Assam, India for the opportunity. All the authors acknowledge Dr Binoy Saikia, Senior Scientist, CSIR-NEIST for the support to generate the Gross Calorific Value and Director, CSIR-NEIST (NMN-202018) for the overall support.Compliance with Ethical StandardsAuthor's contributions: All the data were generated at CSIR-NEIST. NW and TB have contributed equally and conducted the major part of the experiments and written the manuscript. NJB has conducted the rest experiments. JS identified the species. PM, PSB, THA and SPS have helped to conduct the experiments. DB conceptualized the whole project and designed the entire study, verified all the information and edited the final manuscript.Conflicts of interests: The authors have declared that there is no conflict of interests.
Citation
Borah, T., Washmin, N., Bora, N.J., Saikia, J., Bomzon, P.S., Ahmed, T.H., Manna, P., Saikia, S.P. and Banik, D. (2021), "Effect of drying techniques on yield, nutritional, minerals of wild banana pulp (
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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