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Adherence to healthy eating index-2015 and metabolic syndrome in a large sample of Iranian adults

Shirin Hassani Zadeh (Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran and Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran)
Azadeh Nadjarzadeh (Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran and Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran)
Masoud Mirzaei (Yazd Cardiovascular Research Centre, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran)
Amin Salehi-Abargouei (Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran and Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran)
Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh (Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran and Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran)

Nutrition & Food Science

ISSN: 0034-6659

Article publication date: 28 September 2020

Issue publication date: 2 June 2021

125

Abstract

Purpose

Dietary intake is a modifiable risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS). Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the association between the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and MetS.

Design/methodology/approach

MetS was diagnosed among 2,326 adults. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. The HEI-2015 was administered to assess the diet qualities. Multivariate logistic regression was also used to evaluate the relationship of HEI-2015 with MetS and its components.

Findings

The odds of MetS was lower in women who were in the third quintile of HEI-2015 compared with those in the first quintile after adjusting for age and energy intake (OR: 0.62, CI: 0.41 to 0.93). In addition, moderate adherence to HEI-2015 reduced the odds of high fasting blood glucose levels in both men and women (OR men: 0.30, CI: 0.11 to 0.85 OR women: 0.34, CI: 0.14 to 0.79). However, these relations were not linear. Adherence to HEI-2015 had no significant relationship with the prevalence of MetS and its components in the whole population.

Originality/value

A significant relationship was observed between moderate adherence to HEI-2015 and fasting blood glucose in both men and women. Moreover, moderate adherence to this dietary pattern decreased the prevalence of MetS in women.

Keywords

Acknowledgements

We thank the nutrition department in Yazd University of Medical Sciences in Iran. We appreciate all who contributed to TAMYZ and YaHS research projects. We are also grateful to the Nutrition Research Center of Yazd University of Medical Sciences. YaHs and TAMYZ studies were both funded by Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences.

Citation

Hassani Zadeh, S., Nadjarzadeh, A., Mirzaei, M., Salehi-Abargouei, A. and Hosseinzadeh, M. (2021), "Adherence to healthy eating index-2015 and metabolic syndrome in a large sample of Iranian adults", Nutrition & Food Science, Vol. 51 No. 4, pp. 749-762. https://doi.org/10.1108/NFS-04-2020-0146

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited

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