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Understanding citizenship behavior of academics in American- vs Continental European-modeled universities in Turkey

Kivanc Inelmen (Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey)
Nisan Selekler-Goksen (International Trade Department, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey)
Özlem Yildirim-Öktem (International Trade Department, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey)

Personnel Review

ISSN: 0048-3486

Article publication date: 4 September 2017

563

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to understand the impact of university tradition, justice perceptions and quality of leader-member exchange (LMX) on the faculty members’ tendency to engage in organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) from the perspective of social exchange theory (SET). Attention is drawn to the need to contextualize the established relationships between OCB and its antecedents, as direction and strength of relationships may vary in different contexts.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses a sequential mixed method design comprising a survey of 203 faculty members, and 15 semi-structured interviews both undertaken in several universities in Turkey. Hierarchical regression and discriminant analyses were used for the quantitative phase, followed by the qualitative phase that includes compiled quotes and content analysis.

Findings

Analyses provide strong support for the impacts of university tradition and LMX on OCB. The compiled quotes largely support the quantitative findings. Additionally, content analysis reveals sources and consequences of injustice and mechanisms to cope with it among academics.

Practical implications

The findings have implications for university administrators who are looking for ways to increase OCB and enhance justice perception. LMX emerges as a significant factor in encouraging OCB regardless of university tradition. In order to enhance justice perceptions, Continental European-modeled universities should allocate workload and resources in a fair manner, while American-modeled universities should apply procedures consistently across people and time.

Originality/value

The inclusion of university tradition as an independent variable is a contribution as it contextualizes the relationship between OCB and its antecedents, verifying SET for both contexts. Using a mixed method design, the study provides an enriched understanding of OCB.

Keywords

Acknowledgements

This research project was supported by Bogazici University Research Fund with Grant No. 6365. The authors would like to thank the interviewees and the respondents for their valuable time.

Citation

Inelmen, K., Selekler-Goksen, N. and Yildirim-Öktem, Ö. (2017), "Understanding citizenship behavior of academics in American- vs Continental European-modeled universities in Turkey", Personnel Review, Vol. 46 No. 6, pp. 1142-1164. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-06-2015-0182

Publisher

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Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2017, Emerald Publishing Limited

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