Perfectly matched layers for T, Φ formulation

Perfectly matched layers (PMLs) are used for reflectionless truncation of the problem boundaries in finite element methods applications. In this paper, the method of PMLs is extended to truncate any lossless medium and the method is implemented for the T formulation.

The basic concept behind PMLs is to create an artificial material with a complex and diagonal anisotropic permittivity and permeability. For the A, V formulation PMLs are well known.

It is shown that it is possible to truncate any linear lossless material with PML layers, and if the material has small losses the PML works fine.

In the present paper, an artificial anisotropic lossy material is applied to a 3D edge finite‐element T, formulation to form perfectly matched layers.