Bibliography

Anón Higón & Manjón Antolín (2012) Anón Higón, D. , & Manjón Antolín, M. (2012). Multinationality, foreignness and institutional distance in the relation between R&D and productivity. Research Policy, 41(3), 592–601.

Adhikari (2013) Adhikari, R. (2013). Foreign direct investment in Nepal: Current status, prospects and challenges. Working Paper No. 01/13. South Asia Watch on Trade, Economics and Environment.

Agarwal & Ramaswami (1992) Agarwal, S. , & Ramaswami, S. (1992). Choice of foreign market entry mode: Impact of ownership, location and internalization factors. Journal of International Business Studies, 23, 1–27.

Aguilera-Caracuel, Aragón-Correa, Hurtado-Torres, & Rugman (2012) Aguilera-Caracuel, J. , Aragón-Correa, J. A. , Hurtado-Torres, N. E. , & Rugman, A. M. (2012). The effects of institutional distance and headquarters’ financial performance on the generation of environmental standards in multinational companies. Journal of Business Ethics, 105, 461–474.

Aguilera-Caracuel, Hurtado-Torres, Aragón-Correa, & Rugman (2013) Aguilera-Caracuel, J. , Hurtado-Torres, N. E. , Aragón-Correa, J. A. , & Rugman, A. M. (2013). Differentiated effects of formal and informal institutional distance between countries on the environmental performance of multinational enterprises. Journal of Business Research, 66(12), 2657–2665.

Alba, Park, & Wang (2010) Alba, J. , Park, D. , & Wang, P. (2010). The impact of exchange rate on FDI and the interdependence of FDI over time. The Singapore Economic Review, 55(4), 733–747.

Aleksynska & Havrylchyk (2013) Aleksynska, M. , & Havrylchyk, O. (2013). FDI from the south: The role of institutional distance and natural resources. European Journal of Political Economy, 29, 38–53.

Almeida (1996) Almeida, P. (1996). Knowledge sourcing by foreign multinationals: Patent citation analysis in the U.S. semiconductor industry. Strategic Management Journal, 17, 155–165.

Anderson & Gatignon (1986) Anderson, E. , & Gatignon, H. (1986). Modes of foreign entry: A transaction cost analysis and propositions. Journal of International Business Studies, 11, 1–26.

Anderson & Van Wincoop (2003) Anderson, J. , & Van Wincoop, E. (2003). Gravity with gravitas: A solution to the border puzzle. The American Economic Review, 93(1), 170–192.

Andersson, Björkman, & Forsgren (2005) Andersson, U. , Björkman, I. , & Forsgren, M. (2005). Managing subsidiary knowledge creation: The effect of control mechanisms on subsidiary local embeddedness. International Business Review, 14, 521–538.

Ando (2012) Ando, N. (2012). The ownership structure of foreign subsidiaries and the effect of institutional distance: A case study of Japanese firms. Asia Pacific Business Review, 18(2), 259–274.

Ando & Paik (2013) Ando, N. , & Paik, Y. (2013). Institutional distance, host country and international experience, and the use of parent country nationals. Human Resource Management Journal, 23(1), 52–71.

Arenius (2005) Arenius, P. (2005). The psychic distance postulate revised: From market selection to speed of market penetration. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 3(2), 115–131.

Arslan & Larimo (2010) Arslan, A. , & Larimo, J. (2010). Ownership strategy of multinational enterprises and the impacts of regulative and normative institutional distance: Evidence from finnish foreign direct investments in central and Eastern Europe. Journal of East-West Business, 16(3), 179–200.

Arslan & Larimo (2011) Arslan, A. , & Larimo, J. (2011). Greenfield investments or acquisitions: Impacts of institutional distance on establishment mode choice of multinational enterprises in emerging economies. Journal of Global Marketing, 24(4), 345–356.

Arvanitis, Hollenstein, Ley, & Stucki (2011) Arvanitis, S. , Hollenstein, H. , Ley, M. , & Stucki, T. (2011). Exportpotenziale im Dienstleistungssektor: Die Internationalisierung des Dienstleistungssektors und der Industrie des Schweizer Wirtschaft. Strukturberichterstattung No. 47/1. SECO, Bern.

Arvanitis, Hollenstein, & Stucki (2012) Arvanitis, S. , Hollenstein, H. , & Stucki, T. (2012). The choice of foreign locations of Swiss MNEs: An analysis based on firm data. Working Paper No. 311. KOF-ETH, Zurich.

Assunçao, Forte, & Teixeira (2011) Assunçao, S. , Forte, R. , & Teixeira, A. (2011). Location determinants of FDI: A literature review. Working Paper No. 433. FEP, Porto.

Avloniti & Filippaios (2014) Avloniti, A. , & Filippaios, F. (2014). Unbundling the differences between psychic distance and cultural distance: An empirical examination of the existing measures. International Business Review, 23(3), 660–674.

Ayse (2004) Ayse, B. (2004). Mergers and acquisitions, greenfields investments and extension of capacity. Working Paper No. 4-28-29. IMF and OECS.

Bae & Salomon (2010) Bae, J.-H. , & Salomon, R. (2010). Institutional distance in international business research. In T. Devinney , T. Pederson , & L. Tihanyi (Eds.), The past, present and future of international business and management (pp. 327–349). Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Baldegger (2013) Baldegger, R. (2013). Swiss international entrepreneurship survey 2013. Fribourg: Hochschule für Wirtschaft Fribourg.

Baltagi (2013) Baltagi, B. (2013). Econometric analysis of panel data (5th ed.). Chichester: Wiley.

Barkema & Vermeulen (1997) Barkema, H. G. , & Vermeulen, F. (1997). What differences in the cultural backgrounds of partners are detrimental for international joint ventures? Journal of International Business Studies, 28, 845–864.

Barkema & Vermeulen (1998) Barkema, H. G. , & Vermeulen, F. (1998). International expansion through start-up or acquisition: A learning perspective. The Academy of Management Journal, 41(1), 7–26.

Barney (1991) Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120.

Bénassy-Quéré, Coupet, & Meyer (2007) Bénassy-Quéré, A. , Coupet, M. , & Meyer, T. (2007). Institutional determinants of foreign direct investment. The World Economy, 30(5), 764–782.

Bénassy-Quéré, Fontagné, & Lahrèche-Révil (2001) Bénassy-Quéré, A. , Fontagné, L. , & Lahrèche-Révil, A. (2001). Exchange-rate strategies in the competition for attracting foreign direct investment. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, 15, 178–198.

Benoit (2011) Benoit, K. (2011). Linear regression. London School of Economics.

Berry, Guillen, & Zhou (2010) Berry, H. , Guillen, M. , & Zhou, N. (2010). An institutional approach to cross-national distance. Journal of International Business Studies, 41(9), 1460–1480.

Beugelsdijk, De Groot, Linders, & Slangen (2004) Beugelsdijk, S. , De Groot, H. , Linders, G.-J. , & Slangen, A. (2004). Cultural distance, institutional distance and international trade. Discussion Paper No. 05-074/3. Tinbergen Institute.

Blomstermo, Eriksson, & Sharma (2004) Blomstermo, A. , Eriksson, K. , & Sharma, D. (2004). Swedish perspectives of international entrepreneurship. In handbook of research on international entrepreneurship (pp. 564–579). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

Blonigen (2005) Blonigen, B. (2005). A review of the empirical literature on FDI determinants. Atlantic Economic Journal, 33, 383–403.

Bowe, Golesorkhi, & Yamin (2014) Bowe, M. , Golesorkhi, S. , & Yamin, M. (2014). Explaining equity shares in international joint ventures: Combining the influence of asset characteristics, culture and institutional differences. Research in International Business and Finance, 31, 212–233.

Brett & Okumura (1998) Brett, J. , & Okumura, T. (1998). Inter- and intracultural negotiation: US and Japanese negotiators. Academy of Management Journal, 41(5), 495–510.

Brouthers (1995) Brouthers, K. (1995). The influence of international risk on entry mode strategy in the computer software industry. Management International Review, 35, 7–28.

Brouthers (2002) Brouthers, K. (2002). Institutional, cultural and transaction cost influences on entry mode choice and performance. Journal of International Business Studies, 33(2), 203–221.

Brouthers & Brouthers (2001) Brouthers, K. , & Brouthers, L. (2001). Explaining the national cultural distance paradox. Journal of International Business Studies, 32(1), 177–189.

Brouthers & Hennart (2007) Brouthers, K. , & Hennart, J.-F. (2007). Boundaries of the firm: Insights from international entry mode research. Journal of Management, 33, 395–425.

Bryson, Wod, & Keeble (1993) Bryson, J. , Wod, P. , & Keeble, D. (1993). Business networks, small firm flexibility and regional development in UK business services. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 5, 265–277.

Buchanan, Le, & Meenakshi (2012) Buchanan, B. , Le, Q. , & Meenakshi, R. (2012). Foreign direct investment and institutional quality: Some empirical evidence. International Review of Financial Analysis, 21, 81–89.

Buckley & Casson (1976) Buckley, P. , & Casson, M. (1976). The future of the multinational enterprise. London: Macmillan.

Buckley & Casson (1981) Buckley, P. , & Casson, M. (1981). The optimal timing of a foreign direct investment. The Economic Journal, 91(361), 75–87.

Buckley & Casson (1998) Buckley, P. J. , & Casson, M. C. (1998). Analyzing foreign market entry strategies: Extending the internalization approach. Journal of International Business Studies, 29(3), 539–561.

Buckley et al. (2007) Buckley, P. J. , Clegg, J. , Cross, A. R. , Liu, X. , Voss, H. , & Zheng, P. (2007). The determinants of Chinese outward foreign direct investment. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(2), 353–354.

Cairncross (1997) Cairncross, F. (1997). The death of distance: How the communications revolution will change our lives. Harvard: Harvard Business School Press.

Cameron & Trivedi (2005) Cameron, A. , & Trivedi, P. (2005). Microeconometrics: Methods and applications (Cambridge ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Cameron & Trivedi (2010) Cameron, A. , & Trivedi, P. (2010). Microeconometrics using Stata. College Station, TX: Stata Press.

Canabal & White (2008) Canabal, A. , & White III, G. (2008). Entry mode research: Past and future. International Business Review, 17(3), 267–284.

Cantwell (1991) Cantwell, J. (1991). The theory of technological competence and its application to international production. In D. McFetridge (Ed.), Foreign investment, technology and economic growth. Calgary: University of Calgary Press.

Cantwell (2009) Cantwell, J. (2009). Location and the multinational enterprise. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(1), 35–41.

Cantwell, Dunning, & Lundan (2010) Cantwell, J. , Dunning, J. H. , & Lundan, S. M. (2010). An evolutionary approach to understanding international business activity: The co-evolution of MNEs and the institutional environment (April 15, 2009). Journal of International Business Studies, 41(4), 567–586.

Caprar, Devinney, Kirkman, & Caligiuri (2015) Caprar, D. , Devinney, T. , Kirkman, B. , & Caligiuri, P. (2015). Conceptualizing and measuring culture in international business and management: From challenges to potential solutions. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(9), 1011–1027.

Cattell (1966) Cattell, R. (1966). The scree test for the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1, 245–276.

Caves (1971) Caves, R. (1971). International corporations: The industrial economics of foreign investment. Economica, 38(149), 1–27.

Caves & Mehra (1986) Caves, R. , & Mehra, S. (1986). Entry of foreign multinationals into US manufacturing industries. In M. Porter (Ed.), Competition in global industries (pp. 449–482). Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press.

Cezar & Escobar (2015) Cezar, R. , & Escobar, O. (2015). Institutional distance and foreign direct investment. Review of World Economics, 151(4), 713–733.

Chang, Kao, & Kuo (2014) Chang, Y.-C. , Kao, M.-S. , & Kuo, A. (2014). The influence of governance quality on equity-based entry mode choice: The strengthening role of family control. International Business Review, 23(5), 1008–1020.

Chang, Kao, Kuo, & Chiu (2012) Chang, Y. , Kao, M. , Kuo, A. , & Chiu, C. (2012). How cultural distance influences entry mode choice: The contingent role of host country’s governance quality. Journal of Business Research, 65, 1160–1170.

Chao, Kim, Zhao, & Hsu (2012) Chao, M. , Kim, S. , Zhao, H. , & Hsu, C.-C. (2012). Performance implications of MNEs’ diversification strategies and institutional distance. Thunderbird International Business Review, 54(5), 667–681.

Chao & Kumar (2010) Chao, M. , & Kumar, V. (2010). The impact of institutional distance on international diversity-performance relationship. Journal of World Business, 45(1), 93–103.

Chen & Chen (2003) Chen, H. , & Chen, T. (2003). Governance structures in strategic alliances: Transaction cost versus resource-based perspective. Journal of World Business, 38, 1–14.

Chetty & Blankenburg Holm (2000) Chetty, S. , & Blankenburg Holm, D. (2000). Internationalisation of small to medium-sized manufacturing firms: A network approach. International Business Review, 9(1), 77–93.

Chetty & Campbell-Hunt (2004) Chetty, S. , & Campbell-Hunt, C. (2004). A strategic approach to internationalization: A traditional versus a “Born-Global” approach. Journal of International Marketing, 12(1), 57–81.

Chetty & Wilson (2003) Chetty, S. K. , & Wilson, H. I. M. (2003). Collaborating with competitors to acquire resources. International Business Review, 12(1), 61–81.

Cho & Padmanabhan (2005) Cho, K. R. , & Padmanabhan, P. (2005). Revisiting the role of cultural distance in MNC’s foreign ownership mode choice: The moderating effect of experience attributes. International Business Review, 14(3), 307–324.

Choi, Lee, & Shoham (2016) Choi, J. , Lee, S. , & Shoham, A. (2016). The effects of institutional distance on FDI inflow: General environmental institutions (GEI) versus minority investor protection institutions (MIP). International Business Review, 25(1), 114–123.

Cleeve (2008) Cleeve, E. (2008). How effective are fiscal incentives to attract FDI to Sub-Saharan Africa? The Journal of Developing Areas, 42(1), 135–153.

Cohen & Levinthal (1990) Cohen, W. M. , & Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128–152.

Contractor, Lahiri, Elango, & Kundu (2014) Contractor, F. J. , Lahiri, S. , Elango, B. , & Kundu, S. K. (2014). Institutional, cultural and industry related determinants of ownership choices in emerging market FDI acquisitions. International Business Review, 23(5), 931–941.

Coviello & McAuley (1999) Coviello, N. , & McAuley, A. (1999). Internationalisation and the smaller firm: A review of contemporary empirical research. Management International Review, 39(3), 223–256.

Coviello & Munro (1997) Coviello, N. , & Munro, H. (1997). Network relationships and the internationalization process of smallersoftware firms. International Business Review, 6(4), 361–384.

Cronbach (1951) Cronbach, L. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297–334.

D’Agostino, Belanger, & D’Agostino (1990) D’Agostino, R. , Belanger, A. , & D’Agostino, R. (1990). A suggestion for using powerful and informative tests of normality. American Statistician, 44, 316–321.

Dahms (2014) Dahms, S. (2014). The effects of institutional distance on foreign-owned subsidiary development: The case of the northwest of England. International Journal of Business and Management, 9(3), 27–42.

De Beule, Elia, & Piscitello (2014) De Beule, F. , Elia, S. , & Piscitello, L. (2014). Entry and access to competencies abroad: Emerging market firms versus advanced market firms. Journal of International Management, 20(2), 137–152.

De Jong & Van Houten (2014) De Jong, G. , & Van Houten, J. (2014). The impact of MNE cultural diversity on the internationalization performance relationship: Theory and evidence from European multinational enterprises. International Business Review, 23(1), 313–326.

De Villa, Rajwani, & Lawton (2015) De Villa, M. , Rajwani, T. , & Lawton, T. (2015). Market entry modes in multipolar world: Untangling the moderating effect of political environment. International Business Review, 24(3), 419–429.

Delios & Beamish (1999) Delios, A. , & Beamish, P. (1999). Ownership strategy of Japanese firms: Transactional, institutional, and experience influences. Strategic Management Journal, 20, 915–933.

Delios & Henisz (2000) Delios, A. , & Henisz, W. (2000). Japanese firms’ investment strategies in Emerging economies. Academy of Management Journal, 43(3), 305–323.

Demirbag, Glaister, & Tatoglu (2007) Demirbag, M. , Glaister, K. W. , & Tatoglu, E. (2007). Institutional and transaction cost influences on MNEs’ ownership strategies of their affiliates: Evidence from an emerging market. Journal of World Business, 42(4), 418–434.

Dikova (2012) Dikova, D. (2012). Entry mode choices in transition economies: The moderating effect of institutional distance on managers’ personal experiences. Journal of East-West Business, 18(1), 1–27.

Dikova, Sahib, & van Witteloostuijn (2010) Dikova, D. , Sahib, P. R. , & van Witteloostuijn, A. (2010). Cross-border acquisition abandonment and completion: The effect of institutional differences and organizational learning in the international business service industry, 1981–2001. Journal of International Business Studies, 41(2), 223–245.

Dikova & van Witteloostuijn (2007) Dikova, D. , & van Witteloostuijn, A. (2007). Foreign direct investment mode choice: Entry and establishment modes in transition economies. Journal of International Business Studies, 38(6), 1013–1033.

Dimaggio & Powell (1983) Dimaggio, P. J. , & Powell, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147–160.

Donzé (1998) Donzé, L. (1998). Développement et entretien du “Panel d’entreprises” du KOF/ETHZ: Une étude méthodologique. KOF-ETH, Zurich.

Donzé (2002) Donzé, L. (2002). Methodology to correct the unit non-response bias in the case of the KOF-ETH Zurich’s survey 2000 on organization and information technologies. Paper prepared for the International Conference on Improving Surveys (ICIS 2002), Copenhagen.

Dow & Larimo (2007) Dow, D. , & Larimo, J. (2007). Entry mode choice: Testing new approaches to measuring psychic distance and international experience. Catania, Sicily: European International Business Academy – EIBA.

Dowling & Pfeffer (1975) Dowling, J. , & Pfeffer, J. (1975). Organizational legitimacy: Social values and organizational behavior. The Pacific Sociological Review, 18(1), 122–136.

Drogendijk & Slangen (2006) Drogendijk, R. , & Slangen, A. (2006). Hofstede, Schwartz, or managerial perceptions? The effects of different cultural distance measures on establishment mode choices by multinational enterprises. International Business Review, 15(4), 361–380.

Du & Boateng (2015) Du, M. , & Boateng, A. (2015). State ownership, institutional effects and value creation in cross-border mergers & acquisitions by Chinese firms. International Business Review, 24(3), 430–442.

Du (2009) Du, Y. (2009). Institutional distance and location choice of multinational enterprises. PhD thesis, Singapore Management University.

Dunning (1981) Dunning, J. H. (1981). Explaining the international direct investment position of countries: Towards a dynamic or developmental approach. Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 117, 30–64.

Dunning (2008) Dunning, J. H. (2008). Space, location and distance in IB activities: A changing scenario. In J. H. Dunning & P. Gugler (Eds.), Progress in international business research (Vol. 2, pp. 83–109), Foreign direct investment, location and competitiveness. Amsterdam: Elsevier Ltd.

Dunning, Kim, & Park (2008) Dunning, J. H. , Kim, C. , & Park, D. (2008). Old wine in new bottles: A comparison of emerging market TNCs today and developed country TNCs thirty years ago. In K. P. Sauvant (Ed.), The rise of transnational corporations from emerging markets: Threat or opportunity? (pp. 158–182). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

Dunning & Lundan (2008) Dunning, J. H. , & Lundan, S. M. (2008). Multinational enterprises and the global economy (2nd ed.). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

Dunning & Narula (2004) Dunning, J. H. , & Narula, R. (2004). Multinationals and Industrial competitiveness: A new agenda (New Horizons on International Business Series). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.

Eden & Miller (2004) Eden, L. , & Miller, S. (2004). Distance matters: Liability of foreigness, institutional distance and ownership strategy. Working Paper No. 404, Bush School.

Elango (2009) Elango, B. (2009). Minimizing effects of ‘liability of foreignness’: Response strategies of foreign firms in the United States. Journal of World Business, 44(1), 51–62.

Elango, Lahiri, & Kundu (2013) Elango, B. , Lahiri, S. , & Kundu, S. K. (2013). How does firm experience and institutional distance impact ownership choice in high-technology acquisitions? R&D Management, 43(5), 501–516.

Ernst and Young (2013) Ernst and Young . (2013). Ernst and Young Swiss attractiveness survey 2013. Ernst and Young.

Erramilli (1996) Erramilli, M. (1996). Nationality and subsidiary ownership patterns in multinational corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, 27, 225–248.

Erramilli, Agarwal, & Kim (1997) Erramilli, M. , Agarwal, S. , & Kim, S.-S. (1997). Are firm-specific advantages location-specific too? Journal of International Business Studies, 28(4), 735–757.

Estrin, Baghdasaryan, & Meyer (2009) Estrin, S. , Baghdasaryan, D. , & Meyer, K. E. (2009). The impact of institutional and human resource distance on international entry strategies. Journal of Management Studies, 46(7), 1171–1196.

Forsgren, Holm, & Johanson (2005) Forsgren, M. , Holm, U. , & Johanson, J. (2005). Managing the embedded multinational: A business network view. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar.

Friedman (2005) Friedman, T. (2005). The world is flat: A brief history of the twenty-first century. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Gao (2009) Gao, S. (2009). The predictive capacity of the gravity model of trade on foreign direct investment. Master thesis, Uppsala Universitet.

Gaur & Lu (2007) Gaur, A. , & Lu, J. (2007). Ownership strategies and survival of foreign subsidiaries: Impacts of institutional distance and experience. Journal of Management, 33(1), 84–110.

Gaur, Kumar, & Sarathy (2011) Gaur, A. S. , Kumar, V. , & Sarathy, R. (2011). Liability of foreignness and internationalization of Emerging market firms. In T. M. Devinney , T. Pedersen , & L. Tihanyi (Eds.), Advances in international management: The past, present and future of international business and management (Vol. 24). New York, NY: Emerald.

Gersick (1990) Gersick, C. (1990). Revolutionary change theories: A multi-level exploration of the punctuated equilibrium paradigm. Academy of Management Review, 31, 9–41.

Ghemawat (2001) Ghemawat, P. (2001). Distance still matters: The hard reality of global expansion. Harvard Business Review, 79(8), 137–147.

Ghemawat (2011) Ghemawat, P. (2011). Borders, differences and the law of distance. World 3.0: Global prosperity and how to achieve it (pp. 41–66). Harvard: Harvard Business Review Press.

Ghemawat & Altman (2014) Ghemawat, P. , & Altman, S. (2014). DHL global connectedness index 2014: Analyzing global flows and their power to increase prosperity. Bonn, Germany: Deutsche Post DHL.

Giroud & Scott-Kennel (2009) Giroud, A. , & Scott-Kennel, J. (2009). MNE linkages in international business: A framework for analysis. International Business Review, 18(6), 555–566.

Globerman & Shapiro (2002) Globerman, S. , & Shapiro, D. (2002). Global foreign direct investment flows: The role of governance infrastructure. World Development, 30(11), 1899–1919.

Goldberg (2009) Goldberg, L. (2009). Exchange rates and foreign direct investment. In R. Reinert , R. Rajan , & A. Glass (Eds.), The Princeton encyclopedia of the world economy (Vol. 1, pp. 393–396). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Grant (1996) Grant, R. (1996). Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17, 109–122.

Gugler, Keller, & Tinguely (2015) Gugler, P. , Keller, M. , & Tinguely, X. (2015). The role of clusters in the global innovation strategy of MNEs. Competitiveness Review, 25(3), 324–340.

Hadley & Wilson (2003) Hadley, R. , & Wilson, H. I. M. (2003). The network model of internationalisation and experiential knowledge. International Business Review, 12(6), 697–717.

Haerdle & Simar (2015) Haerdle, W. , & Simar, L. (2015). Applied multivariate statistical analysis (4th ed.). Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.

Harzing (2002) Harzing, A.-W. (2002). Acquisitions versus greenfield investments: international strategy and management of entry modes. Strategic Management Journal, 23, 211–227.

Hedberg (1981) Hedberg, B. (1981). How organizations learn and unlearn. In P. Nystrom & W. Starbuck (Eds.), Handbook oforganizational design (pp. 3–27). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Hennart (1982) Hennart, J. (1982). A theory of multinational enterprise. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.

Hennart (1989) Hennart, J. (1989). Can the “new forms of investment” substitute for the “old forms”? A transaction costs perspective. Journal of International Business Studies, 20, 211–234.

Hennart & Park (1993) Hennart, J.-F. , & Park, Y. (1993). Greenfield vs. acquisition: The strategy of Japanese investors in the United States. Management Science, 39(9), 1054–1070.

Hennart & Larimo (1998) Hennart, J. , & Larimo, J. (1998). The impact of culture on the strategy of multinational enterprises: Does national origin affect ownership decisions. Journal of International Business Studies, 29(3), 515–538.

Hilmersson & Jansson (2012) Hilmersson, M. , & Jansson, H. (2012). International network extension processes to institutionally different markets: Entry nodes and processes of exporting SMEs. International Business Review, 21(4), 682–693.

Hodgson (2006) Hodgson, G. M. (2006). What are institutions? Journal of Economic Issues, 40(1), 1–25.

Hofstede (1980) Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Hofstede (2015) Hofstede, G. (2015). Geert Hofstede: Dimension data matrix. Retrieved from http://www.geerthofstede.nl/dimension-data-matrix

Hofstede, Hofstede, & Minkov (2010) Hofstede, G. , Hofstede, G. J. , & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures et organisations: nos programmations mentales (3rd ed.). Paris: Pearson Education France.

House, Hanges, Javidan, Dorfman, & Gupta (2004) House, R. J. , Hanges, P. J. , Javidan, M. , Dorfman, P. W. , & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Hymer (1960) Hymer, S. (1960). The international operations of national firms: A study of direct investment. Ph.D thesis. Cambridge, MA: MIT.

Hymer (1976) Hymer, S. (1976). The international operations of national firms: A study of direct investment. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Ilhan Nas (2012) Ilhan Nas, T. (2012). Institutional distance influences on the multinational enterprises (MNES’) ownership strategies of their affiliates operating in an emerging market Bank of Iran. African Journal of Business Management, 6(20), 6276–6290.

ILOSTAT (2015) ILOSTAT . (2015). Global wage report dataset. Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/ilostat

IMF (2008) IMF. (2008). Globalization: A brief overview. Issue Brief 02/08. IMF.

IMF (2014) IMF . (2014). World economic outlook database. April 2014. Retrieved from http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/weodata/index.aspx

Ionascu, Meyer, & Erstin (2004) Ionascu, B. D. , Meyer, K. E. , & Erstin, S. (2004). Institutional distance and international business strategies in emerging economies. Working Paper No. 728. William Davidson Institute.

Jansson, Hilmersson, & Sandberg (2009) Jansson, H. , Hilmersson, M. , & Sandberg, S. (2009). The perceived institutional distance in the internationalization process of firms: A proposed model for measuring managerial perceptions in emerging country markets. Presented at the Annual Meeting of SNEE, Mölle, Sweden, May 26–29.

Jarque & Bera (1987) Jarque, C. , & Bera, A. (1987). A test for normality of observations and regression residuals. International Statistical Review, 2, 163–172.

Johanson & Mattsson (1988) Johanson, J. , & Mattsson, L. (1988). Internationalization in industrial systems – A network approach. In N. Hood & J.-E. Vahlne (Eds.), Strategies in global competition (pp. 287–314). New York, NY: Croom Helm.

Johanson & Vahlne (1977) Johanson, J. , & Vahlne, J.-E. (1977). The internationalization process of the firm – A model of knowledge development and increasing foreign market commitments. Journal of International Business Studies, 8(1), 23–32.

Johanson & Vahlne (2009) Johanson, J. , & Vahlne, J.-E. (2009). The Uppsala internationalization process model revisited: From liability of foreignness to liability of outsidership. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(9), 1411–1431.

Johanson & Wiedersheim-Paul (1975) Johanson, J. , & Wiedersheim-Paul, F. (1975). The internationalization of the firm – Four Swedish cases. Journal of Management Studies, 12(3), 305–323.

Johnson & Wichern (2007) Johnson, R. , & Wichern, D. (2007). Applied multivariate statistical analysis (6th ed.). Pearson.

Jolliffe (2002) Jolliffe, I. (2002). Principal component analysis (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Springer Verlag.

Jones (2006) Jones, G. G. (2006). Nationality and multinationals in historical perspective. No. 06-052, October 2006. Harvard: Harvard Business School.

Kaiser (2014) Kaiser, B. (2014). RHAUSMAN: Stata module to perform a (cluster-) robust Hausman Test. Bern, Switzerland: University of Bern.

Kaiser (1974) Kaiser, H. (1974). An index of factor simplicity. Psychometrika, 39, 31–36.

Kandogan (2012) Kandogan, Y. (2012). An improvement to Kogut and Singh measure of cultural distance considering the relationship among different dimensions of culture. Research in International Business and Finance, 26, 196–203.

Kaufmann, Kraay, & Mastruzzi (2010) Kaufmann, D. , Kraay, A. , & Mastruzzi, M. (2010). The worldwide governance indicators: Methodology and analytical issues title. Working Paper No. 5430, World Bank Policy Research.

Kemp (1964) Kemp, M. (1964). An extension of the neo-Keynesian theory of distribution: A comment. Economic Record, 40(89), 124–126.

Kester (1996) Kester, W. (1996). American and Japanese corporate governance. In S. Berger & R. Dore (Eds.), National diversity and global capitalism (pp. 107–137). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Kindleberger (1969) Kindleberger, C. (1969). American business abroad. The International Executive, 11(2), 11–12.

Kittilaksanawong (2009) Kittilaksanawong, W. (2009). How do institutional distances shape entry strategies of Taiwanese high-tech firms? Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings.

Kogut & Singh (1988) Kogut, B. , & Singh, H. (1988). The effect of national culture on the choice of entry mode. Journal of International Business Studies, 19(3), 411–432.

Kostova (1996) Kostova, T. (1996). Success of the transnational transfer of organizational practices within multinational companies. Ph.D thesis, University of Minnesota.

Kostova (1997) Kostova, T. (1997). Country institutional profile: Concept and measurement. Best Paper Proceedings of the Academy of Management (pp. 180–184).

Kostova (1999) Kostova, T. (1999). Transnational transfer of strategic organizational practices: A contextual perspective. The Academy of Management Review, 24(2), 308–324.

Kostova & Zaheer (1999) Kostova, T. , & Zaheer, S. (1999). Organizational legitimacy under conditions of complexity: The case of the multinational enterprise. Academy of Management Review, 24(1), 64–81.

Kuncic & Jaklic (2013) Kuncic, A. , & Jaklic, A. (2013). FDI and institutions: Formal and informal institutions, EIBA Annual Conference 2013, Bremen, Germany (pp. 1–26).

Lankhuizen, Groot, & Linders (2011) Lankhuizen, M. , Groot, H. L. F. D. , & Linders, G.-J. M. (2011). The trade-off between foreign direct investments and exports: The role of multiple dimensions of distance. The World Economy, 34(8), 1395–1416.

Le, Li, & Yukhanaev (2015) Le, N. , Li, X. , & Yukhanaev, A. (2015). Locational determinants of foreign direct investment in the Vietnamese economy. In B. Christiansen (Ed.), Handbook of research on global business opportunities’, business science reference (pp. 1–36). Hershey, PA.

Leibrecht & Riedl (2012) Leibrecht, M. , & Riedl, A. (2012). Modelling FDI based on a spatially augmented gravity model: Evidence for Central and Eastern European Countries. Technical report, University of Lueneburg Working Paper.

Ley (2012) Ley, M. (2012). Weighting principles insurveys of the KOF enterprise panel. Technical report, KOF - ETH, Zurich.

Li, Jiang, & Shen (2016) Li, J. , Jiang, F. , & Shen, J. (2016). Institutional distance and the quality of the headquarters-subsidiary relationship: The moderation role of the institutionalization of headquarters’ practices in subsidiaries. International Business Review, 25(2), 589–603.

Liuhto & Jumpponen (2003) Liuhto, K. , & Jumpponen, J. (2003). The internationalization process of the largest Baltic corporations. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 41(1), 21–35.

Loane, McNaughton, & Bell (2004) Loane, S. , McNaughton, R. , & Bell, J. (2004). The internationalization of internet-enabled entrepreneurial firms: Evidence from Europe and North America. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 21(1), 79–96.

Lopez-Duarte & Vidal-Suarez (2010) Lopez-Duarte, C. , & Vidal-Suarez, M. M. (2010). External uncertainty and entry mode choice: Cultural distance, political risk and language diversity. International Business Review, 19, 575–588.

Lorenzen & Mahnke (2005) Lorenzen, M. , & Mahnke, V. (2005). MNC entry in regional knowledge cluster: Acquisition or greenfield investment? Mimeographed Working Paper, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark.

Lu, Liu, Wright, & Filatotchev (2014) Lu, J. , Liu, X. , Wright, M. , & Filatotchev, I. (2014). International experience and FDI location choices of Chinese firms: The moderating effects of home country government support and host country institutions. Journal of International Business Studies, 45(4), 428–449.

Luo, Shenkar, & Nyaw (2002) Luo, Y. , Shenkar, O. , & Nyaw, M. K. (2002). Mitigating liabilities of foreignness: Defensive versus offensive approaches. Journal of International Management, 8(3), 283–300.

MacDougall (1960) MacDougall, G. (1960). The benefits and costs of private investment from abroad: A theoretical approach. Economic Record, 36(73), 15–35.

Magnusson, Wilson, Zdravkovic, Zhou, & Westjohn (2008) Magnusson, P. , Wilson, R. T. , Zdravkovic, S. , Zhou, J. X. , & Westjohn, S. A. (2008). Breaking through the cultural clutter: A comparative assessment of multiple cultural and institutional frameworks. International Marketing Review, 25(2), 183–201.

Mahalanobis (1936) Mahalanobis, P. (1936). On the generalized distance in statistics. Proceedings of the National Institute of Sciences (Calcutta), 2, 49–55.

Makino, Lau, & Yeh (2002) Makino, S. , Lau, C.-M. , & Yeh, R.-S. (2002). Asset-exploitation versus asset-seeking: Implications for location choice of foreign direct investment from newly industrialized economies. Journal of International Business Studies, 33(3), 403–421.

Malik (2013) Malik, T. H. (2013). National institutional differences and cross-border university–industry knowledge transfer. Research Policy, 42(3), 776–787.

March (1991) March, J. (1991). Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization Science, 2, 71–87.

Maseland & Van Hoorn (2013) Maseland, R. , & Van Hoorn, A. (2013). Why the distance literature in management is about institutions, not distance, and what to do about it? EIBA Annual Conference 2013, Bremen, Germany.

Maskell & Malmberg (1999) Maskell, P. , & Malmberg, A. (1999). Localised learning and industrial competitiveness. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 23(2), 167–185.

Meyer, Ding, Li, & Zhang (2014) Meyer, K. , Ding, Y. , Li, J. , & Zhang, H. (2014). Overcoming distrust: How state-owned enterprises adapt their foreign entries to institutional pressures abroad. Journal of International Business Studies, 45(8), 1005–1028.

Meyer & Estrin (1997) Meyer, K. E. , & Estrin, S. (1997). Privatisation acquisition and direct foreign investment: Who buys state-owned enterprises? MOCT-MOST, 7, 159–172.

Meyer, Mudambi, & Narula (2011) Meyer, K. E. , Mudambi, R. , & Narula, R. (2011). Multinational enterprises and local contexts: the opportunities and challenges of multiple embeddedness. Journal of Management Studies, 48(2), 235–252.

Mezias (2002) Mezias, J. M. (2002). How to identify liabilities of foreignness and assess their effects on multinational corporations. Journal of International Management, 8(3), 265–282.

Mimmack, Mason, & Galpin (2001) Mimmack, G. M. , Mason, S. J. , & Galpin, J. S. (2001). Choice of distance matrices in cluster analysis: Defining regions. Journal of Climate, 14(12), 2790–2797.

Moen & Servais (2002) Moen, Ø. , & Servais, P. (2002). Born global or gradual global? Examining the export behavior of small and medium-sized enterprises. Journal of International Marketing, 10(3), 49–72.

Morschett, Schramm-Klein, & Swoboda (2010) Morschett, D. , Schramm-Klein, H. , & Swoboda, B. (2010). Decades of research on market entry modes: What do we really know about external antecedents of entry mode choice? Journal of International Management, 16, 60–77.

Mtar (2010) Mtar, M. (2010). Institutional, industry and power effects on integration in cross-border acquisitions. Organization Studies, 31(8), 1099–1127.

Mudambi & Swift (2011) Mudambi, R. , & Swift, T. (2011). Leveraging knowledge and competencies across space: The next frontier in international business. Journal of International Management, 17(3), 186–189.

Muth (2014) Muth, K. T. (2014). The puzzle of corporate nationality. Global Policy Journal. Retrieved from http://www.globalpolicyjournal.com/blog/29/04/2014/puzzle-corporate-nationality

Nachum & Zaheer (2005) Nachum, L. , & Zaheer, S. (2005). The persistence of distance? The impact of technology on MNE motivations for foreign investments. Strategic Management Journal, 26(8), 747–768.

Nelson & Rosenberg (1993) Nelson, R. , & Rosenberg, N. (1993). Technical innovation and national systems. In R. Nelson (Ed.), National innovation systems (pp. 3–21). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Noorderhaven & Harzing (2009) Noorderhaven, N. , & Harzing, A.-W. (2009). Knowledge-sharing and social interaction within MNEs. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(5), 719–741.

North (1990) North, D. C. (1990). Institutions, institutional change and economic performance. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Notre-Planète (2014) Notre-Planète (2014). Distance géographique. Retrieved from http://www.notre-planete.info/terre/outils/distances.php

Nunnally (1978) Nunnally, J. (1978). Psychometric theory. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

O‘Brien (1992) O’Brien, R. (1992). Global financial integration: The end of geography. New York, NY: Council on Foreign Relations Press.

O’Brien (2007) O’Brien, R. (2007). A caution regarding rules of thumb for variance inflation factors. Quality and Quantity, 41, 673–690.

OECD (2004) OECD . (2004). The OECD-JCR handbook on practices for developing composite indicators. Retrieved from https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=6278

OECD (2008a) OECD . (2008a). Handbook on constructing composite indicators: Methodology and user guide. Paris: OECD Publications.

OECD (2008b) OECD . (2008b). OECD benchmark definition of foreign direct investment (4th ed.). Paris: OECD Publications.

OECD (2015) OECD . (2015). OECD stat database. Retrieved from http://stats.oecd.org/

Oviatt & Phillips McDougall (2005) Oviatt, B. M. , & Phillips McDougall, P. (2005). Defining international entrepreneurship and modeling the speed of internationalization. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 29(5), 537–553.

Oviatt & Phillips McDougall (1994) Oviatt, B. , & Phillips McDougall, P. (1994). Toward a theory of international new ventures. Journal of International Business Studies, 25, 45–64.

Owens, Palmer, & Zueva-Owens (2013) Owens, M. , Palmer, M. , & Zueva-Owens, A. (2013). Institutional forces in adoption of international joint ventures: Empirical evidence from British retail multinationals. International Business Review, 22(5), 883–893.

Padmanabhan & Cho (1999) Padmanabhan, P. , & Cho, K. R. (1999). Decision specific experience in foreign ownership and establishment strategies: Evidence from Japanese firms. Journal of International Business Studies, 30(1), 25–44.

Pan & Tse (2000) Pan, Y. , & Tse, D. (2000). The hierarchical model of market entry modes. Journal of International Business Studies, 31, 535–554.

Paniagua (2011) Paniagua, J. (2011). FDI gravity equation: Models, estimations and zeros. Working Paper, Catholic University of Valencia.

Parboteeah, Hoegl, & Cullen (2008) Parboteeah, K. , Hoegl, M. , & Cullen, J. (2008). ‘Managers’ gender role attitudes: A country institutional profile approach. Journal of International Business Studies, 39, 795–813.

Parkhe (2003) Parkhe, A. (2003). Institutional environments, institutional change and international alliances. Journal of International Management, 9, 305–316.

Pattnaik & Choe (2007) Pattnaik, C. , & Choe, S. (2007). Do institutional quality and institutional distance impact subsidiary performance? Academy of Management Best Papers Proceedings (pp. 1–6).

Penrose (1959) Penrose, E. (1959). The theory of the growth of the firm. Oxford: Blackwell.

Petersen & Pedersen (2002) Petersen, B. , & Pedersen, T. (2002). Coping with liability of foreignness: Different learning engagements of entrant firms. Journal of International Management, 8(3), 339–350.

Phillips McDougall & Oviatt (2000) Phillips McDougall, P. , & Oviatt, B. (2000). International entrepreneurship: The intersection of two research paths. The Academy of Management Journal, 43(5), 902–906.

Phillips, Tracey, & Karra (2009) Phillips, N. , Tracey, P. , & Karra, N. (2009). Rethinking institutional distance: Strengthening the tie between new institutional theory and international management. Strategic Organization, 7(3), 339–348. doi:10.1177/1476127009337439

Pogrebnyakov & Maitland (2011) Pogrebnyakov, N. , & Maitland, C. F. (2011). Institutional distance and the internationalization process: The case of mobile operators. Journal of International Management, 17(1), 68–82.

Polanyi (1966) Polanyi, M. (1966). The tacit dimension. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Porter (2008) Porter, M. E. (2008). On competition: Updated and expanded edition. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Review Press.

Ramachandran & Pant (2010) Ramachandran, J. , & Pant, A. (2010). The liabilities of origin: An emerging economy perspective on the costs of doing business abroad. In T. Devinney , T. Pedersen , & L. Tihanyi (Eds.), The past, present and future of international business and management (pp. 231–265). Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Ramsey (2005) Ramsey, J. (2005). The role of other orientation on the relationship between institutional distance and expatriate adjustment. Journal of International Management, 11(3), 377–396.

Reich (1992) Reich, R. (1992). The work of nations: Preparing ourselves for 21 century capitalism. New York, NY: Knopf.

Reis, Ferreira, & Santos (2013) Reis, N. R. , Ferreira, M. , & Santos, J. (2013). Institutional distance and cross-border mergers and acquisitions completion: A conceptual framework. Presented at the 9th Iberian International Business Conference, Braga (Portugal).

Rosenzweig & Singh (1991) Rosenzweig, P. , & Singh, J. P. (1991). Organizational environment and the multinational enterprise. Academy of Management Review, 16, 340–361.

Rottig & Reus (2008) Rottig, D. , & Reus, T. (2008). Institutional distance, organizational legitimacy, and the performance of foreign acquisition in the United States. Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings.

Royston (1991) Royston, P. (1991). Comment on sg3.4 and an improved D’Agostino test. Stata Technical Bulletin, 3, 23–24.

Rugman (1981) Rugman, A. (1981). Inside the multinationals: The economics of internal markets. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.

Rugman & Oh (2013) Rugman, A. , & Oh, C. (2013). Why the home region matters: Location and regional multinationals. British Journal of Management, 24(4), 463–479.

Rugman & Verbeke (2007) Rugman, A. , & Verbeke, A. (2007). Liabilities of regional foreignness and the use of firm-level versus country-level data: A response to Dunning et al. (2007). Journal of International Business Studies, 38(1), 200–205.

Sakakibara & Yamawaki (2008) Sakakibara, M. , & Yamawaki, H. (2008). What determines the profitability of foreign direct investment? A subsidiary-level analysis of Japanese multinationals. Managerial and Decision Economics, 29, 277–292.

Salomon & Wu (2012) Salomon, R. , & Wu, Z. (2012). Institutional distance and local isomophism strategy. Journal of International Business Studies, 43, 343–367.

Samuelson (1948) Samuelson, P. (1948). International trade and the equalization of factor prices. Economic Journal, 58(230), 163–184.

Schwartz (1994) Schwartz, S. H. (1994). Beyond individualism/collectivism: New cultural dimensions of values. In U. Kim , H. Triandis , C. Kagitcibasi , S. Choi , & G. Yoon (Eds.), Individualism and collectivism: Theory, methods, and applications (pp. 85–119). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Schweizer (2013) Schweizer, R. (2013). SMEs and networks: Overcoming the liability of outsidership. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 11(1), 80–103.

Schwens, Eiche, & Kabst (2011) Schwens, C. , Eiche, J. , & Kabst, R. (2011). The moderating impact of informal institutional distance and formal institutional risk on SME entry mode choice. Journal of Management Studies, 48(2), 330–351.

Scott (1979) Scott, D. (1979). On optimal and data-based histograms. Biometrika, 66(3), 605–610.

Scott (1995) Scott, W. R. (1995). Institutions and organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Scott (2008) Scott, W. R. (2008). Institutions and organizations: Ideas and interests (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Senik, Scott-Ladd, Entrekin, & Adham (2011) Senik, Z. , Scott-Ladd, B. , Entrekin, L. , & Adham, K. (2011). Networking and internationalization of SMEs in emerging economies. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 9, 259–281.

Sethi & Guisinger (2002) Sethi, D. , & Guisinger, S. (2002). Liability of foreignness to competitive advantage: How multinational enterprises cope with the international business environment. Journal of International Management, 8, 223–240.

Seyoum (2009) Seyoum, B. (2009). Formal institutions and foreign direct investment. Thunderbird International Business Review, 51(2), 165–182.

Sharma & Blomstermo (2003) Sharma, D. D. , & Blomstermo, A. (2003). The internationalization process of Born Globals: A network view. International Business Review, 12(6), 739–753.

Sharma & Erramilli (2004) Sharma, V. , & Erramilli, M. K. (2004). Resource-based explanation of entry mode choice. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 12, 1–18.

Shaver (2013) Shaver, J. (2013). Do we really need more entry mode studies? Journal of International Business Studies, 44(1), 23–27.

Shenkar (2001) Shenkar, O. (2001). Cultural distance revisited: Towards a more rigorous conceptualization and measurement of cultural differences. Journal of International Business Studies, 32, 519–535.

Slangen & Hennart (2008) Slangen, A. H. L. , & Hennart, J.-F. (2008). Do multinationals really prefer to enter culturally distant countries through greenfields rather than through acquisitions? The role of parent experience and subsidiary autonomy. Journal of International Business Studies, 39(3), 472–490.

Slangen & Hennart (2007) Slangen, A. , & Hennart, J.-F. (2007). Greenfield or acquisition entry: A review of the empirical foreign establishment mode literature. Journal of International Management, 13, 403–429.

Stahl & Tung (2015) Stahl, G. , & Tung, R. (2015). Towards a more balanced treatment of culture in international business studies: The need for positive cross-cultural scholarship. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(4), 391–414.

Stahl, Tung, Kostova, & Zellmer-Bruhn (2014) Stahl, G. , Tung, R. , Kostova, T. , & Zellmer-Bruhn, M. (2014). Widening the lens: Rethinking distance, diversity, and foreignness in international business research through positive organizational scholarship. Journal of International Business Studies. Retrieved from http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jibs/cfp_positive_organizational_scolarship.html

Steenkamp (2001) Steenkamp, J. (2001). The role of national culture in international marketing research. International Marketing Review, 15(3), 447–456.

Sturges (1926) Sturges, H. (1926). The choice of a classinterval. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 21(153), 65–66.

Suchman (1995) Suchman, M. (1995). Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 571–610.

Swiss National Bank (2014) Swiss National Bank . (2014). Swiss Direct Investment Abroad: By country of destination and sector (not publicly available). Zurich: Swiss National Bank.

Swiss National Bank (2016) Swiss National Bank . (2016). Swiss direct investment abroad. Retrieved from https://data.snb.ch/en

Swiss Statistics Office (2015) Swiss Statistics Office . (2015). Foreign trade: Imports and Exports by economic zone and by country. Retrieved from http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/themen/06/05/blank/data.html

Tan, Erramilli, & Liang (2001) Tan, B. , Erramilli, M. , & Liang, T. (2001). The influence of dissemination risks, strategic control and global management skills on firms’ modal decision in host countries. International Business Review, 10, 323–340.

Tang (2012) Tang, L. (2012). The direction of cultural distance on FDI: Attractiveness or incongruity? Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 19(2), 233–256.

The Economist (2014) The Economist . (2014). Flags of inconvenience. Retrieved from http://www.economist.com/news/business/21602237-flags-incovenience

Thomson (1951) Thomson, G. (1951). The factorial analysis of human ability. London: University of London Press.

Trevino & Mixon (2004) Trevino, L. , & Mixon, F. (2004). Strategic factors affecting foreign direct investment decisions by multi-national enterprises in Latin America. Journal of World Business, 39, 233–243.

Udomkerdmongkol, Görg, & Morrissey (2006) Udomkerdmongkol, M. , Görg, H. , & Morrissey, O. (2006). Foreign direct investment and exchange rates: A case study of US FDI in emerging market countries. Discussion Paper in Economics No. 06/05. University of Nottingham.

UNCTAD (1998) UNCTAD . (1998). World investment report 1998: Trends and determinants. Geneva: UNCTAD.

UNCTAD (2004) UNCTAD . (2004). World investment report 2004: The shift towards services. New York and Geneva: UNCTAD.

UNCTAD (2015a) UNCTAD . (2015a). UNCTADstat database. Retrieved from http://unctadstat.unctad.org/wds/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx?sCS_ChosenLang=en

UNCTAD (2015b) UNCTAD . (2015b). World investment report 2015: Reforming international investment governance. New York and Geneva: UNCTAD.

Vahlne & Nordström (1992) Vahlne, J.-E. , & Nordström, K. (1992). Is the globe shrinking: Psychic distance and the establishment of Swedish sales subsidiaries during the last 100 years. Mimeo, Stockolm.

Van Den Waeyenberg & Hens (2012) Van Den Waeyenberg, S. , & Hens, L. (2012). Overcoming institutional distance: Expansion to base-of-the-pyramid markets. Journal of Business Research, 65(12), 1692–1699.

Van Hoorn & Maseland (2016) Van Hoorn, A. , & Maseland, R. (2016). How institutions matter for international business: Institutional distance effects vs institutional profile effects. Journal of International Business Studies, 47(3), 374–381.

Van Tulder (2010) Van Tulder, R. (2010). The past, present and future of managing distance: Stakeholders and development. In T. Devinney , T. Pedersen , & L. Tihanyi (Eds.), The past, present and future of international business and management (pp. 137–165). Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Van Wyk & Lal (2008) Van Wyk, J. , & Lal, A. (2008). Risk and FDI flows to developing countries. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 11(4), 511–528.

Vermeulen & Barkema (2001) Vermeulen, F. , & Barkema, H. G. (2001). Learning through acquisitions. Academy of Management Journal, 44(3), 457–476.

Vernon (1966) Vernon, R. (1966). International investment and international trade in the product cycle. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 80(2), 190–207.

Vernon (1977) Vernon, R. (1977). Storm over the multinationals: The real issues. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Walsh & Yu (2010) Walsh, J. , & Yu, J. (2010). Determinants of foreign direct investment: A sectoral and institutional approach. Working Paper No. 10/187, IMF.

Whitley (1992) Whitley, R. (1992). Business systems in East Asia: Firms, markets and societies. London: Sage.

Williams & Grégoire (2015) Williams, D. , & Grégoire, D. (2015). Seeking commonalities or avoiding differences? Re-conceptualizing distance and its effects on internationalization decisions. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(3), 253–284.

Williamson (1979) Williamson, O. (1979). Transaction-cost economics: The governance of contractual relations. Journal of Law and Economics, 22, 233–261.

Williamson (1985) Williamson, O. (1985). Assessing contract. Journal of Law Economics and Organization, 1(1), 177–208.

WIPO (2015) WIPO . (2015). WIPO statistics database: March 2015. Retrieved from http://ipstats.wipo.int/ipstatv2/index.htm?tab=patent

Wooldridge (2009) Wooldridge, J. M. (2009). Introductory econometrics: A modern approach. Ohio: South Western – Cengage Learning.

Wooldridge (2010) Wooldridge, J. M. (2010). Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data. (2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

World Bank (2015a) World Bank . (2015a). World development indicators. Retrieved from http://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=world-development-indicators

World Bank (2015b) World Bank . (2015b). World governance indicators. Retrieved from http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.aspx#home

World Economic Forum (2015) World Economic Forum . (2015). Competitiveness dataset. Retrieved from http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2015-2016/

Wright & Ricks (1994) Wright, R. W. , & Ricks, D. (1994). Trends in international business research: Twenty-five years later. Journal of International Business Studies, 25, 687–701.

Wu (2013) Wu, J. (2013). Diverse institutional environments and product innovation of emerging market firms. Management International Review, 53(1), 39–59.

Wu & Chen (2014) Wu, J. , & Chen, X. (2014). Home country institutional environment and foreign expansion of emerging market firms. International Business Review, 23(5), 862–872.

Wu (2009) Wu, Z. (2009). Three essays on distance: Examining the role of institutional distance on foreign firm entry, local isomorphism strategy and subsidiary performance. Ph.D thesis, University of Southern California.

Xu (2001) Xu, D. (2001). The effect of institutional distance on multinational enterprise strategy. Ph.D thesis, York University, Toronto.

Xu, Pan, & Beamish (2004) Xu, D. , Pan, Y. , & Beamish, P. (2004). The effect of regulative and normative distances on MNE ownership and expatriate strategies. Management International Review, 44(3), 285–307.

Xu & Shenkar (2002) Xu, D. , & Shenkar, O. (2002). Institutional distance and the multinational enterprise. Academy of Management Review, 27(4), 608–618.

Xu, Hu, & Fan (2011) Xu, Y. , Hu, S. , & Fan, X. (2011). Entry mode choice of Chinese enterprises: The impacts of country risk, cultural distance and their interactions. Frontiers of Business Research in China, 5(1), 63–78.

Yiu & Makino (2002) Yiu, D. , & Makino, S. (2002). The choice between joint venture and wholly owned subsidiary: An institutional perspective. Organization Science, 13(6), 667–683.

Zaheer (1995) Zaheer, S. (1995). Overcoming the liability of foreignness. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2), 341–363.

Zaheer & Mosakowski (1997) Zaheer, S. , & Mosakowski, E. (1997). The dynamics of the liability of foreignness: A global study of survival in financial services. Strategic Management Journal, 18(6), 439–463.

Zejan (1990) Zejan, M. (1990). New ventures or acquisitions: The choice of Swedish multinational enterprises. Journal of Industrial Economics, 38(3), 349–355.

Zhan (1995) Zhan, J. X. (1995). Transnationalization and outward investment: The case of Chinese firms. Transnational Corporations, 4, 67–100.

Zhang, Zhou, & Ebbers (2011) Zhang, J. , Zhou, C. , & Ebbers, H. (2011). Completion of Chinese overseas acquisitions: Institutional perspectives and evidence. International Business Review, 20(2), 226–238.