Banks' CSR disclosures – headquarters versus subsidiaries
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the 2008 financial crisis is reflected in the CSR disclosure quantity and readability of banks' headquarters and subsidiaries, and how banks' disclosure patterns differ across these units.
Design/methodology/approach
Embedded multiple case study utilising quantitative content analysis and readability indices.
Findings
As expected, Nordic banks' headquarters' disclosure quantity and readability outperforms those of their Baltic subsidiaries/branches. However, no convergence of intra-group CSR disclosure practices is detected. Banks' response to the legitimacy gap seems to depend on CSR reporting strategy: passive superficial (Baltic subsidiaries/branches, ABLV), passive thorough (Swedbank), intermediate (Danske Bank) and active (SEB). Passive and intermediate strategy pursuers' CSR disclosure quantity and readability remains stable during the financial crisis period. However, active strategy pursuers increase disclosure quantity and reduce readability indicating possible stakeholder manipulation attempts. Both intermediate and active strategy pursuers disclose in greater detail steps taken to improve CSR behaviour.
Research limitations/implications
Results may not be transferable to the pre-2007 period, to other contexts and to Western European subsidiaries.
Practical implications
Introduction of plain English into CSR communication could enable to decrease stakeholder manipulation attempts made through CSR texts.
Originality/value
Previous studies have not investigated CSR disclosures of banks operating in the Baltic countries and globally have not focused on their readability, headquarter-subsidiary differences and 2008 financial crisis contexts.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research to projects SF0140059s12 “Economic Fluctuations in Central and Eastern Europe: Causes, Consequences and Challenges” and B617A “Economic Cycles in Central and Eastern European Transition Economies”. This paper represents the work conducted in connection with these two projects. The funding providers had no role in the research process from study design to submission.
Citation
Laidroo, L. and Ööbik, U. (2014), "Banks' CSR disclosures – headquarters versus subsidiaries", Baltic Journal of Management, Vol. 9 No. 1, pp. 47-70. https://doi.org/10.1108/BJM-05-2013-0091
Publisher
:Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2014, Emerald Group Publishing Limited