Flow and heat transfer analysis of laminar flow in hypersonic aircraft with variable specific heat capacity at small attack angles
International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow
ISSN: 0961-5539
Article publication date: 29 November 2023
Issue publication date: 27 February 2024
Abstract
Purpose
As to different angles of attack and nonlinear problems caused by high temperatures in coexisting hypersonic aircraft, people mainly rely on fluid software for research but lack analysis of flow mechanisms. Owing to computational difficulties, few people use numerical algorithms to combine them for discussion. Hence, this study aims to make a deep inquiry into the laminar flow and heat transfer of compressible Newtonian fluid in hypersonic aircraft with small attack angles.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, on the basis of mass, momentum and energy conservation laws, the governing equations of the hypersonic boundary layer are established. Viscosity, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity are considered nonlinear functions concerning temperature. In virtue of the MacCormack finite difference method, the stationary numerical solutions are solved directly, and the validity of the algorithm is verified.
Findings
The results demonstrate that at Mach number 5, compared to the 0° attack angle, the maximum temperature near-wall at the 3° attack angle increases by about 25%. An enjoyable phenomenon is discovered, where the position corresponding to the maximum wall shear force shifts back as the attack angle and Mach number increase. The relationship between the near-wall maximum temperature versus attack angle and Mach number is fitted through numerical calculation results.
Originality/value
Empirical formulas can be used to estimate heat transfer characteristics at small attack angles, which will guide the design of aircraft thermal protection systems.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21878018, 22178022 and 12102032), R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission (No. KM202210016001, KM202310016001), Research ability improvement program for young teachers of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture (No. X21027, X21030 and X21031), the Pyramid Talent Training Project of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture (No. JDYC20220829), Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Graduate Innovation Program (PG2022140).
Citation
Du, M., Wang, Q., Zhang, Y., Bai, Y., Wei, C. and Liu, C. (2024), "Flow and heat transfer analysis of laminar flow in hypersonic aircraft with variable specific heat capacity at small attack angles", International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, Vol. 34 No. 3, pp. 1297-1322. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-07-2023-0431
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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