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Enhancing AW/EP tribological characteristics of biolubricant synthesized from chemically modified cotton methyl-esters by using nanoparticle as additives

Mustabshirha Gul (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Center of Energy Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan)
Md. Abul Kalam (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Center of Energy Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)
Nurin Wahidah Mohd Zulkifli (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Center of Energy Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)
Masjuki Hj. Hassan (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Center of Energy Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, IIUM, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)
Md. Mujtaba Abbas (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Center of Energy Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Department of Mechanical Engineering, City Campus, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan)
Sumra Yousuf (Department of Building and Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan)
Omar Sabah Al-Dahiree (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)
Md. Kamaleldin Gaffar Abbas (Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar)
Waqar Ahmed (Advanced CFD lab Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)
Shahab Imran (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology

ISSN: 0036-8792

Article publication date: 13 December 2021

Issue publication date: 22 April 2022

123

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to improve the tribological characteristics of cotton-biolubricant by adding nanoparticles at extreme pressure (EP) conditions in comparison with commercial lubricant SAE-40.

Design/methodology/approach

This research involved the synthesis of cotton-biolubricant by transesterification process and then the addition of nanoparticles in it to improve anti wear (AW)/EP tribological behavior. SAE-40 was studied as a reference commercial lubricant. AW/EP characteristics of all samples were estimated by the four-ball tribo-tester according to the American Society for Testing and Materials D2783 standard.

Findings

The addition of 1-Wt.% TiO2 and Al2O3 with oleic acid surfactant in cotton-biolubricant decreased wear scar diameter effectively and enhanced the lubricity, load-wear-index, weld-load and flash-temperature-parameters. This investigation revealed that cotton-biolubricant with TiO2 nano-particle additive is more effective and will help in developing new efficient biolubricant to replace petroleum-based lubricants.

Research limitations/implications

Cotton biolubricant with TiO2 nano-particles appeared as an optimistic solution for the global bio-lubricant market.

Originality/value

No one has not studied the cotton biolubricant with nanoparticles for internal combustion engine applications at high temperature and EP conditions.

Keywords

Acknowledgements

Initial work related to this research was presented at MITC2020ne conference. Authors would like to thank all the members of CES and Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar for their support in Data curation. Moreover, the authors are thankful to the Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia for their fiscal support through the research grant no FP142-2019A and BZU Multan, Pakistan under the grant no. PF/18/22–80/Admin/13101.

Citation

Gul, M., Kalam, M.A., Mohd Zulkifli, N.W., Hj. Hassan, M., Abbas, M.M., Yousuf, S., Al-Dahiree, O.S., Gaffar Abbas, M.K., Ahmed, W. and Imran, S. (2022), "Enhancing AW/EP tribological characteristics of biolubricant synthesized from chemically modified cotton methyl-esters by using nanoparticle as additives", Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, Vol. 74 No. 4, pp. 411-420. https://doi.org/10.1108/ILT-07-2021-0253

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited

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