The effects of vitamin D and omega-3 co-supplementation on lipid profile in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ISSN: 0034-6659
Article publication date: 12 February 2024
Issue publication date: 21 February 2024
Abstract
Purpose
Previous research indicates that vitamin D and omega-3 co-supplementation may benefit overall health, but current evidence regarding its effects on lipid profile remains unclear. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of vitamin D and omega-3 co-supplementation on lipid profile (total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], triglyceride [TG] and high-density lipoprotein [HDL]) in adults.
Design/methodology/approach
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, relevant studies were obtained by searching the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases (from inception to January 2022). Weighted mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were estimated via a random-effects model. Heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis and publication bias were reported using standard methods.
Findings
Pooled analysis of six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) revealed that vitamin D and omega-3 co-supplementation yielded significant reductions in TG (p = 0.631). A pooled analysis of five trials indicated a significant association between omega-3 and vitamin D treatment and reductions in TC (p = 0.001) and LDL (p = 0.001). Although, pooled analyses of omega-3 and vitamin D did not significantly affect HDL.
Originality/value
The findings suggest that vitamin D and omega-3 co-supplementation lowers TG, TC and LDL in adults. Future, large-scale, RCTs on various populations are needed to elucidate further beneficial effects of vitamin D and omega-3 co-supplementation on lipid profile and establish guidelines for clinical practice.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
Since submission of this article, the following author has updated their affiliation: Omid Asbaghi is at the Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Declarations:
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials: The data sets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Funding: None.
Authors’ contributions: MZ and NH: study design, drafting the article, quality assessment of the included studies and making critical revisions. ZS, SN and ZN: data collection, analysis, drafting the article and revision of the article. LA, OA and KL: data collection, quality assessment of the included studies and revision of the article. All authors approved the final manuscript.
Citation
Zamani, M., Sohrabi, Z., Aghakhani, L., Leilami, K., Nosratabadi, S., Namkhah, Z., Clark, C., Haghighat, N., Asbaghi, O. and Fathi, F. (2024), "The effects of vitamin D and omega-3 co-supplementation on lipid profile in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis", Nutrition & Food Science, Vol. 54 No. 2, pp. 285-301. https://doi.org/10.1108/NFS-11-2022-0387
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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