Records Management JournalTable of Contents for Records Management Journal. List of articles from the current issue, including Just Accepted (EarlyCite)https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/0956-5698/vol/33/iss/2/3?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestRecords Management JournalEmerald Publishing LimitedRecords Management JournalRecords Management Journalhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/proxy/containerImg?link=/resource/publication/journal/664f195cdb3a87e0e6efa367acf86f66/urn:emeraldgroup.com:asset:id:binary:rmj.cover.jpghttps://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/0956-5698/vol/33/iss/2/3?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe effect of digitalization on the daily use of and work with records in the Norwegian public sectorhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-10-2022-0030/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper presents an exploratory case study on the impact of user-oriented digitalization on records management in the Norwegian public sector. The purpose of this study is to identify some of the opportunities and issues that may arise for records management professionals, case workers and citizens. The concept of administrative burdens and how user-oriented design can reduce or increase them is the main theoretical focus. A series of five interviews with records management professionals from five municipalities and three with IT staff members from two larger state institutions served as the primary source for this qualitative case study in conjunction with a literature review. The interviews were conducted in a semistructured format with a general interview guide. Smaller municipalities lack the resources of larger state institutions, and they do not involve users in the same extent, even though their records management professionals strive for user-orientation. The work with directly involving users appears to vary in larger institutions, where resources must still be properly prioritized. Reducing administrative burdens is vital for user-oriented design, but digitizing services often increases them, so service delivery must consider the benefits of local, in-person guidance in relation to wholly digital services. While much research has been conducted in Norway on digitalization, little has been done to examine the implications for records management work or the public’s use of records. By identifying some key concerns, this paper hopes to serve as a springboard for further research in these areas.The effect of digitalization on the daily use of and work with records in the Norwegian public sector
Daniel Henriksen Hagen
Records Management Journal, Vol. 33, No. 2/3, pp.105-119

This paper presents an exploratory case study on the impact of user-oriented digitalization on records management in the Norwegian public sector. The purpose of this study is to identify some of the opportunities and issues that may arise for records management professionals, case workers and citizens.

The concept of administrative burdens and how user-oriented design can reduce or increase them is the main theoretical focus. A series of five interviews with records management professionals from five municipalities and three with IT staff members from two larger state institutions served as the primary source for this qualitative case study in conjunction with a literature review. The interviews were conducted in a semistructured format with a general interview guide.

Smaller municipalities lack the resources of larger state institutions, and they do not involve users in the same extent, even though their records management professionals strive for user-orientation. The work with directly involving users appears to vary in larger institutions, where resources must still be properly prioritized. Reducing administrative burdens is vital for user-oriented design, but digitizing services often increases them, so service delivery must consider the benefits of local, in-person guidance in relation to wholly digital services.

While much research has been conducted in Norway on digitalization, little has been done to examine the implications for records management work or the public’s use of records. By identifying some key concerns, this paper hopes to serve as a springboard for further research in these areas.

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The effect of digitalization on the daily use of and work with records in the Norwegian public sector10.1108/RMJ-10-2022-0030Records Management Journal2023-07-19© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedDaniel Henriksen HagenRecords Management Journal332/32023-07-1910.1108/RMJ-10-2022-0030https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-10-2022-0030/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
A hermeneutic review of records management practices in Malawi: a developing country contexthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-02-2023-0010/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to review and understand the state of records management practices in Malawi, focusing on both public and private sector organisations. The hermeneutic framework underpinned a qualitative review of the study phenomenon. The inclusion and exclusion criterion for the literature was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis methodology. Fifteen documents met the eligibility criteria and informed the study findings. The literature comprised of journal articles, dissertations at both master and doctoral levels, and conference papers. The study found that records are created, captured and maintained both in print and electronic formats. It also confirmed that different types of organisations (public, private, academia and civil society) recognise the need for proper records management practices. However, effective and efficient records management is besieged by numerous obstacles, including lack of funding, absence of records management policy, standards and procedures at both institutional and national levels, poor records classification systems and a lack of top management support. Most importantly, the review shows that the majority of studies in Malawi have focused on academia, with little attention to other equally fundamental areas such as agriculture, trade, tourism, transport and energy. Thus, this situation calls for more empirical studies of records management practices in those sectors. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first kind of review to be done at a national level, so the findings provide significant insights for policymakers and research practitioners on records management research trends to date in Malawi.A hermeneutic review of records management practices in Malawi: a developing country context
Kaitano Simwaka, Donald Flywell Malanga
Records Management Journal, Vol. 33, No. 2/3, pp.120-135

This study aims to review and understand the state of records management practices in Malawi, focusing on both public and private sector organisations.

The hermeneutic framework underpinned a qualitative review of the study phenomenon. The inclusion and exclusion criterion for the literature was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis methodology. Fifteen documents met the eligibility criteria and informed the study findings. The literature comprised of journal articles, dissertations at both master and doctoral levels, and conference papers.

The study found that records are created, captured and maintained both in print and electronic formats. It also confirmed that different types of organisations (public, private, academia and civil society) recognise the need for proper records management practices. However, effective and efficient records management is besieged by numerous obstacles, including lack of funding, absence of records management policy, standards and procedures at both institutional and national levels, poor records classification systems and a lack of top management support. Most importantly, the review shows that the majority of studies in Malawi have focused on academia, with little attention to other equally fundamental areas such as agriculture, trade, tourism, transport and energy. Thus, this situation calls for more empirical studies of records management practices in those sectors.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first kind of review to be done at a national level, so the findings provide significant insights for policymakers and research practitioners on records management research trends to date in Malawi.

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A hermeneutic review of records management practices in Malawi: a developing country context10.1108/RMJ-02-2023-0010Records Management Journal2023-08-22© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedKaitano SimwakaDonald Flywell MalangaRecords Management Journal332/32023-08-2210.1108/RMJ-02-2023-0010https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-02-2023-0010/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Examining the ethical dilemmas of political impartiality in records administration: a phronetic approachhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-02-2023-0008/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to explore the ethical dilemmas faced by records administrators concerning political impartiality by examining the case of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) in the USA, which has faced reputational challenges due to perceived political bias. This paper proposes a phronetic approach to resolve the ethical dilemmas associated with political impartiality in records administration. This approach emphasizes practical wisdom and ethical decision-making, offering a unique and effective way to address the challenges faced by presidential record archivists. The proposed phronetic approach provides a means to resolve the ethical challenges posed by political impartiality in records administration, with a particular focus on NARA. By taking a transparent and impartial approach, agencies can minimize criticism and ensure their continued ability to equitably serve the public. The phronetic approach offers a framework for addressing ethical dilemmas related to political impartiality in records administration, with potential implications for other independent agencies facing similar challenges. This paper offers a unique perspective on the ethical dilemmas of political impartiality in records administration and proposes a practical and effective approach to resolving these challenges. It contributes to the broader discussion on the intersection of ethics and public administration.Examining the ethical dilemmas of political impartiality in records administration: a phronetic approach
Adebowale Jeremy Adetayo
Records Management Journal, Vol. 33, No. 2/3, pp.136-147

This paper aims to explore the ethical dilemmas faced by records administrators concerning political impartiality by examining the case of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) in the USA, which has faced reputational challenges due to perceived political bias.

This paper proposes a phronetic approach to resolve the ethical dilemmas associated with political impartiality in records administration. This approach emphasizes practical wisdom and ethical decision-making, offering a unique and effective way to address the challenges faced by presidential record archivists.

The proposed phronetic approach provides a means to resolve the ethical challenges posed by political impartiality in records administration, with a particular focus on NARA. By taking a transparent and impartial approach, agencies can minimize criticism and ensure their continued ability to equitably serve the public.

The phronetic approach offers a framework for addressing ethical dilemmas related to political impartiality in records administration, with potential implications for other independent agencies facing similar challenges.

This paper offers a unique perspective on the ethical dilemmas of political impartiality in records administration and proposes a practical and effective approach to resolving these challenges. It contributes to the broader discussion on the intersection of ethics and public administration.

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Examining the ethical dilemmas of political impartiality in records administration: a phronetic approach10.1108/RMJ-02-2023-0008Records Management Journal2023-08-23© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAdebowale Jeremy AdetayoRecords Management Journal332/32023-08-2310.1108/RMJ-02-2023-0008https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-02-2023-0008/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Records in social media: a new (old) understanding of records managementhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-03-2023-0019/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestSocial media posts have been an integral part of our society’s communication and serve purposes from the personal to the national, from the mundane to the silly to the momentous. This study aims to examine social media posts as records, discussing how social media technology serves, perhaps unexpectedly, to reinforce traditional archival understandings of issues such as provenance, custody, access, disposition and preservation. This study follows a four-step methodology. First, this study analyzes literature for a matching definition of the social media record. In the second step, we appraise three social media postings previously curated and cited in news articles by journalists to determine their characteristics – Are these social media posts “records?” Third, this study evaluates the sample records against two dominant theoretical record models, the life cycle and the continuum and attempt to apply the model specifications to the data samples. Finally, this study proposes appropriate records management solutions to address governance issues from the study findings in the conclusion section. This study shows that, even by the most traditional of definitions, social media posts are records. The paper also demonstrates that platform mediation transforms simple narrative documents into records whose provenance, custody and control are dictated by platform logics and governance, outside of the control of their creators. Through appraisal of a small sample of “important” social media posts, this study illustrates that, rather than obsolete, traditional records management concepts and approaches are necessary to ensuring the ongoing accessibility, usability and evidentiary character of social media posts in the broader “platformized” context. This is exploratory, theoretical work. In future works, this study plans to expand and validate aspects of this study. This paper tests existing theoretical frameworks, namely, the Records Life cycle and the Records Continuum for applicability to the social media record. The paper also offers a view of the potential for traditional archival and records management concepts in service of a just and inclusive recordkeeping, because such concepts allow us to demonstrate the centralized, elite-serving, bureaucratic structures which underpin social media records are obscured by the seemingly decentralized, participatory nature of social media.Records in social media: a new (old) understanding of records management
Babatunde Kazeem Oladejo, Darra Hofman
Records Management Journal, Vol. 33, No. 2/3, pp.148-164

Social media posts have been an integral part of our society’s communication and serve purposes from the personal to the national, from the mundane to the silly to the momentous. This study aims to examine social media posts as records, discussing how social media technology serves, perhaps unexpectedly, to reinforce traditional archival understandings of issues such as provenance, custody, access, disposition and preservation.

This study follows a four-step methodology. First, this study analyzes literature for a matching definition of the social media record. In the second step, we appraise three social media postings previously curated and cited in news articles by journalists to determine their characteristics – Are these social media posts “records?” Third, this study evaluates the sample records against two dominant theoretical record models, the life cycle and the continuum and attempt to apply the model specifications to the data samples. Finally, this study proposes appropriate records management solutions to address governance issues from the study findings in the conclusion section.

This study shows that, even by the most traditional of definitions, social media posts are records. The paper also demonstrates that platform mediation transforms simple narrative documents into records whose provenance, custody and control are dictated by platform logics and governance, outside of the control of their creators. Through appraisal of a small sample of “important” social media posts, this study illustrates that, rather than obsolete, traditional records management concepts and approaches are necessary to ensuring the ongoing accessibility, usability and evidentiary character of social media posts in the broader “platformized” context.

This is exploratory, theoretical work. In future works, this study plans to expand and validate aspects of this study.

This paper tests existing theoretical frameworks, namely, the Records Life cycle and the Records Continuum for applicability to the social media record. The paper also offers a view of the potential for traditional archival and records management concepts in service of a just and inclusive recordkeeping, because such concepts allow us to demonstrate the centralized, elite-serving, bureaucratic structures which underpin social media records are obscured by the seemingly decentralized, participatory nature of social media.

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Records in social media: a new (old) understanding of records management10.1108/RMJ-03-2023-0019Records Management Journal2023-10-23© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedBabatunde Kazeem OladejoDarra HofmanRecords Management Journal332/32023-10-2310.1108/RMJ-03-2023-0019https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-03-2023-0019/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The status of records management in Malawian private universities: the empirical case of University of Livingstoniahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-07-2022-0021/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to investigate records management practices in Malawian private universities with a focus on University of Livingstonia. The study used embedded case study design using a mixed methods approach. A survey questionnaire, semi-structured interview guide and a document review were used to collect data from University of Livingstonia staff. The study found that University of Livingstonia created records such as minutes, grades, mails, theses, policy documents and reports. Some of the challenges related to records management at the institution were uncoordinated records management practices due to, among others, lack of records management policy, retention and disposal schedules among others. It further reported a number of factors frustrating the success of records management practices at UNILIA such as lack of management support, poor funding and lack of information communication technology infrastructure. Nevertheless, the study acknowledged the role of records management at University of Livingstonia. Previous studies on records management in Malawi focused on public sector. However, this is a novel study undertaken in the private higher education. Therefore, it forms a basis for conceptualising records management phenomena in the private higher education in Malawi.The status of records management in Malawian private universities: the empirical case of University of Livingstonia
Kaitano Simwaka, Donald Flywell Malanga, George T. Chipeta
Records Management Journal, Vol. 33, No. 2/3, pp.165-182

This study aims to investigate records management practices in Malawian private universities with a focus on University of Livingstonia.

The study used embedded case study design using a mixed methods approach. A survey questionnaire, semi-structured interview guide and a document review were used to collect data from University of Livingstonia staff.

The study found that University of Livingstonia created records such as minutes, grades, mails, theses, policy documents and reports. Some of the challenges related to records management at the institution were uncoordinated records management practices due to, among others, lack of records management policy, retention and disposal schedules among others. It further reported a number of factors frustrating the success of records management practices at UNILIA such as lack of management support, poor funding and lack of information communication technology infrastructure. Nevertheless, the study acknowledged the role of records management at University of Livingstonia.

Previous studies on records management in Malawi focused on public sector. However, this is a novel study undertaken in the private higher education. Therefore, it forms a basis for conceptualising records management phenomena in the private higher education in Malawi.

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The status of records management in Malawian private universities: the empirical case of University of Livingstonia10.1108/RMJ-07-2022-0021Records Management Journal2023-10-25© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedKaitano SimwakaDonald Flywell MalangaGeorge T. ChipetaRecords Management Journal332/32023-10-2510.1108/RMJ-07-2022-0021https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-07-2022-0021/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Let the people know, and the country will be safe: FOI models in South Africa and Zimbabwehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-01-2023-0003/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDemocratic countries all over the world are embarking on initiatives to empower citizens through public participation. One of the tools used by countries to promote public participation is the enactment and implementation of freedom of information (FOI) legislation, as it is the case with South Africa and Zimbabwe. Despite having legislation reaffirming the need for people’s right to know, practices in South Africa and Zimbabwe indicate the opposite. The purpose of this study is to explore FOI models in South Africa and Zimbabwe, with a view to recommend ways in which people’s right to know can be promoted. This qualitative study used interviews to collect the data from 12 FOI experts in South Africa and Zimbabwe, who were selected through the snowball sampling technique. Data collected through interviews were supplemented by the data collected through document analysis. The study concluded that the key role players need to make efforts to ensure that the right to know, which is associated with FOI, is being realised in both countries. FOI legislation, in both countries, is imprecise and needs to be revised to ensure effective implementation. The study demonstrates that FOI is a necessary tool for people to be involved in decision-making in government. People’s rights to know can be achieved by successfully implementing FOI legislation.Let the people know, and the country will be safe: FOI models in South Africa and Zimbabwe
Makutla Mojapelo
Records Management Journal, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Democratic countries all over the world are embarking on initiatives to empower citizens through public participation. One of the tools used by countries to promote public participation is the enactment and implementation of freedom of information (FOI) legislation, as it is the case with South Africa and Zimbabwe. Despite having legislation reaffirming the need for people’s right to know, practices in South Africa and Zimbabwe indicate the opposite. The purpose of this study is to explore FOI models in South Africa and Zimbabwe, with a view to recommend ways in which people’s right to know can be promoted.

This qualitative study used interviews to collect the data from 12 FOI experts in South Africa and Zimbabwe, who were selected through the snowball sampling technique. Data collected through interviews were supplemented by the data collected through document analysis.

The study concluded that the key role players need to make efforts to ensure that the right to know, which is associated with FOI, is being realised in both countries. FOI legislation, in both countries, is imprecise and needs to be revised to ensure effective implementation.

The study demonstrates that FOI is a necessary tool for people to be involved in decision-making in government. People’s rights to know can be achieved by successfully implementing FOI legislation.

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Let the people know, and the country will be safe: FOI models in South Africa and Zimbabwe10.1108/RMJ-01-2023-0003Records Management Journal2023-07-28© 2023 Makutla Mojapelo.Makutla MojapeloRecords Management Journalahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-07-2810.1108/RMJ-01-2023-0003https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-01-2023-0003/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Makutla Mojapelo.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
The mindset of recordkeeping: the intersection of records management and organizational psychologyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-01-2023-0004/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to synthesize records and information management (RIM) with the professional literature of industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology to explain undesirable recordkeeping behaviors that may manifest in employees who interact with business records. The author’s views are based on a literature review of both records management and organizational psychology trends and draw on case studies that identify undesirable recordkeeping behavior. There is considerable overlap between the problems encountered by RIM professionals and the answers offered by I/O psychology. I/O psychology offers us the tools to better understand recordkeeping behaviors. The author proposes using I/O psychology concepts to better situate RIM programs within the larger organizational context.The mindset of recordkeeping: the intersection of records management and organizational psychology
Hannah N. Pryor
Records Management Journal, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to synthesize records and information management (RIM) with the professional literature of industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology to explain undesirable recordkeeping behaviors that may manifest in employees who interact with business records.

The author’s views are based on a literature review of both records management and organizational psychology trends and draw on case studies that identify undesirable recordkeeping behavior.

There is considerable overlap between the problems encountered by RIM professionals and the answers offered by I/O psychology. I/O psychology offers us the tools to better understand recordkeeping behaviors.

The author proposes using I/O psychology concepts to better situate RIM programs within the larger organizational context.

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The mindset of recordkeeping: the intersection of records management and organizational psychology10.1108/RMJ-01-2023-0004Records Management Journal2023-10-23© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedHannah N. PryorRecords Management Journalahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-2310.1108/RMJ-01-2023-0004https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-01-2023-0004/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Soup du jour – existing and emerging trends in archives and records management standardizationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-08-2023-0042/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to examine the concept of standardization beyond its traditional use in generating and implementing standards and good practice guidelines (S&GPG) by looking at existing and emerging trends. This paper utilizes two primary approaches to categorizing S&GPG for better comprehension: categorization based on provenance as well as based on subject matter. A significant concern related to categorizing S&GPG based on provenance or subject is the constant proliferation of standards being developed and introduced every year. This rapid growth in standards requires frequent re-categorization to keep up with the dynamic nature of this field. To tackle this problem, this paper explores emerging concepts such as ontological representation and frameworks that offer archives and records management (ARM) professionals. Standardization refers to establishing uniform rules through mutual agreement to ensure consistency. The study of standardization goes beyond the development of individual S&GPG, encompassing their practical application in work settings. Categorizing standards alone may not fully capture their actual use. However, abstraction mechanisms like ontological representations, models and frameworks can demonstrate how these standards have been leveraged. This paper provides illustrative examples rather than an exhaustive list to showcase how these mechanisms have been applied in research projects or as practical tools. This paper explores the emerging topic of standardization from the perspective of ontological representations and models or frameworks. In addition, it also contributes to the discussion of the 2022 version of ARMA International’s Information Governance Implementation Model and the 2020 version of the World Bank Group's Records Management Roadmap, providing unique insights into these topics.Soup du jour – existing and emerging trends in archives and records management standardization
Shadrack Katuu
Records Management Journal, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to examine the concept of standardization beyond its traditional use in generating and implementing standards and good practice guidelines (S&GPG) by looking at existing and emerging trends.

This paper utilizes two primary approaches to categorizing S&GPG for better comprehension: categorization based on provenance as well as based on subject matter.

A significant concern related to categorizing S&GPG based on provenance or subject is the constant proliferation of standards being developed and introduced every year. This rapid growth in standards requires frequent re-categorization to keep up with the dynamic nature of this field. To tackle this problem, this paper explores emerging concepts such as ontological representation and frameworks that offer archives and records management (ARM) professionals.

Standardization refers to establishing uniform rules through mutual agreement to ensure consistency. The study of standardization goes beyond the development of individual S&GPG, encompassing their practical application in work settings. Categorizing standards alone may not fully capture their actual use. However, abstraction mechanisms like ontological representations, models and frameworks can demonstrate how these standards have been leveraged. This paper provides illustrative examples rather than an exhaustive list to showcase how these mechanisms have been applied in research projects or as practical tools.

This paper explores the emerging topic of standardization from the perspective of ontological representations and models or frameworks. In addition, it also contributes to the discussion of the 2022 version of ARMA International’s Information Governance Implementation Model and the 2020 version of the World Bank Group's Records Management Roadmap, providing unique insights into these topics.

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Soup du jour – existing and emerging trends in archives and records management standardization10.1108/RMJ-08-2023-0042Records Management Journal2023-11-20© 2023 Shadrack Katuu.Shadrack KatuuRecords Management Journalahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-2010.1108/RMJ-08-2023-0042https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/RMJ-08-2023-0042/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Shadrack Katuu.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode