International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & ResearchTable of Contents for International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research. List of articles from the current issue, including Just Accepted (EarlyCite)https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/1355-2554/vol/30/iss/11?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & ResearchEmerald Publishing LimitedInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & ResearchInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/proxy/containerImg?link=/resource/publication/journal/d39616fa87538b403b6aa4d9c706715f/urn:emeraldgroup.com:asset:id:binary:ijebr.cover.jpghttps://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/1355-2554/vol/30/iss/11?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe reward crowdfunding campaign management process: an engagement perspectivehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0480/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestCrowdfunding is an increasingly popular channel for project fundraising for entrepreneurial ventures. Such efforts require fundraisers to develop and manage a crowdfunding campaign over a period of time and several stages. Thus, the authors aim to identify the stages fundraisers go through in their crowdfunding campaign process and how their engagement evolves throughout this process. Following a multiple case study research design analysing six successful campaigns, the current study suggests a taxonomy of stages the fundraisers go through in their crowdfunding campaign management process while identifying the types of engagement displayed and their relative intensity at each of these stages. The study proposes a five-stage process framework (pre-launch, launch, mid-campaign, conclusion and post-campaign), accompanied by a series of propositions outlining the relative intensity of different types of engagement throughout this process. The authors show that engagement levels appear with high intensity at pre-launch, and to a lesser degree also at the post-launch stage while showing low intensity at the stages in between them. More specifically, cognitive and behavioural engagement are most prominent at the pre- and post-launch stages. Emotional engagement is highest during the launch, mid-launch and conclusion stages. And social engagement maintains moderate levels of intensity throughout the process. This study focuses on the campaign process using engagement theory, thus identifying the differing engagement patterns throughout the dynamic crowdfunding campaign management process, not just in one part.The reward crowdfunding campaign management process: an engagement perspective
Nadia Arshad, Rotem Shneor, Adele Berndt
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. 30, No. 11, pp.1-18

Crowdfunding is an increasingly popular channel for project fundraising for entrepreneurial ventures. Such efforts require fundraisers to develop and manage a crowdfunding campaign over a period of time and several stages. Thus, the authors aim to identify the stages fundraisers go through in their crowdfunding campaign process and how their engagement evolves throughout this process.

Following a multiple case study research design analysing six successful campaigns, the current study suggests a taxonomy of stages the fundraisers go through in their crowdfunding campaign management process while identifying the types of engagement displayed and their relative intensity at each of these stages.

The study proposes a five-stage process framework (pre-launch, launch, mid-campaign, conclusion and post-campaign), accompanied by a series of propositions outlining the relative intensity of different types of engagement throughout this process. The authors show that engagement levels appear with high intensity at pre-launch, and to a lesser degree also at the post-launch stage while showing low intensity at the stages in between them. More specifically, cognitive and behavioural engagement are most prominent at the pre- and post-launch stages. Emotional engagement is highest during the launch, mid-launch and conclusion stages. And social engagement maintains moderate levels of intensity throughout the process.

This study focuses on the campaign process using engagement theory, thus identifying the differing engagement patterns throughout the dynamic crowdfunding campaign management process, not just in one part.

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The reward crowdfunding campaign management process: an engagement perspective10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0480International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-12-19© 2023 Nadia Arshad, Rotem Shneor and Adele BerndtNadia ArshadRotem ShneorAdele BerndtInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research30112023-12-1910.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0480https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0480/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Nadia Arshad, Rotem Shneor and Adele Berndthttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Mitigating the lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure through entrepreneurship education programshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0607/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestTo increase the understanding of how entrepreneurship education impacts entrepreneurial careers, the purpose of the paper is to investigate the role that a venture creation program (VCP) might have in mitigating or surpassing a lack of other antecedents of entrepreneurial careers. In particular, the authors focus on entrepreneurial pedigree and prior entrepreneurial experience. Data from graduates of VCPs at three universities in Northern Europe were collected through an online survey. Questions addressed graduate background prior to education, yearly occupational employment subsequent to graduation and graduates' own perceptions of entrepreneurial activity in employment positions. The survey was sent to 1,326 graduates and received 692 responses (52.2% response rate). The type of VCP, either independent (Ind-VCP) or corporate venture creation (Corp-VCP), influenced the mitigation of prior entrepreneurial experience. Prior entrepreneurial experience, together with Ind-VCP, made a career as self-employed more likely. However, this was not the case for Corp-VCP in subsequently choosing intrapreneurial careers. Entrepreneurial pedigree had no significant effect on career choice other than for hybrid careers. Entrepreneurial experience gained from VCPs seems to influence graduates toward future entrepreneurial careers. Evidence supports the conclusion that many VCP graduates who lack prior entrepreneurial experience or entrepreneurial pedigree can develop sufficient entrepreneurial competencies through the program. This study offers novel evidence that entrepreneurship education can compensate for a lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure for students preparing for entrepreneurial careers.Mitigating the lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure through entrepreneurship education programs
Torgeir Aadland, Gustav Hägg, Mats A. Lundqvist, Martin Stockhaus, Karen Williams Middleton
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. 30, No. 11, pp.19-44

To increase the understanding of how entrepreneurship education impacts entrepreneurial careers, the purpose of the paper is to investigate the role that a venture creation program (VCP) might have in mitigating or surpassing a lack of other antecedents of entrepreneurial careers. In particular, the authors focus on entrepreneurial pedigree and prior entrepreneurial experience.

Data from graduates of VCPs at three universities in Northern Europe were collected through an online survey. Questions addressed graduate background prior to education, yearly occupational employment subsequent to graduation and graduates' own perceptions of entrepreneurial activity in employment positions. The survey was sent to 1,326 graduates and received 692 responses (52.2% response rate).

The type of VCP, either independent (Ind-VCP) or corporate venture creation (Corp-VCP), influenced the mitigation of prior entrepreneurial experience. Prior entrepreneurial experience, together with Ind-VCP, made a career as self-employed more likely. However, this was not the case for Corp-VCP in subsequently choosing intrapreneurial careers. Entrepreneurial pedigree had no significant effect on career choice other than for hybrid careers.

Entrepreneurial experience gained from VCPs seems to influence graduates toward future entrepreneurial careers. Evidence supports the conclusion that many VCP graduates who lack prior entrepreneurial experience or entrepreneurial pedigree can develop sufficient entrepreneurial competencies through the program.

This study offers novel evidence that entrepreneurship education can compensate for a lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure for students preparing for entrepreneurial careers.

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Mitigating the lack of prior entrepreneurial experience and exposure through entrepreneurship education programs10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0607International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-12-07© 2023 Torgeir Aadland, Gustav Hägg, Mats A. Lundqvist, Martin Stockhaus and Karen Williams MiddletonTorgeir AadlandGustav HäggMats A. LundqvistMartin StockhausKaren Williams MiddletonInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research30112023-12-0710.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0607https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0607/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Torgeir Aadland, Gustav Hägg, Mats A. Lundqvist, Martin Stockhaus and Karen Williams Middletonhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Refugee entrepreneurship from an intersectional approachhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0264/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis article develops an innovative multidisciplinary conceptual framework in the field of refugee entrepreneurship by combining the theory of mixed embeddedness with the concepts of intersectionality and agency. Focusing on the phenomenon of refugee entrepreneurship, this conceptual framework addresses the following questions: how is entrepreneurship informed by the various intersectional positions of refugees? And how do refugees exert their agency based on these intersecting identities? By revising the mixed embeddedness approach and combining it with an intersectional approach, this study aims to develop a multidimensional conceptual framework. This research illustrates how the intersectional positions of refugees impact their entrepreneurial motivations, resources and strategies. The authors' findings show that refugee entrepreneurship not only contributes to the economic independence of refugees in new societies but also creates opportunities for refugees to exert their agency. This conceptual framework can be applied in empirical research and accordingly contributes to refugee entrepreneurship studies and intersectionality theory.Refugee entrepreneurship from an intersectional approach
Samaneh Khademi, Caroline Essers, Karin Van Nieuwkerk
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. 30, No. 11, pp.45-63

This article develops an innovative multidisciplinary conceptual framework in the field of refugee entrepreneurship by combining the theory of mixed embeddedness with the concepts of intersectionality and agency. Focusing on the phenomenon of refugee entrepreneurship, this conceptual framework addresses the following questions: how is entrepreneurship informed by the various intersectional positions of refugees? And how do refugees exert their agency based on these intersecting identities?

By revising the mixed embeddedness approach and combining it with an intersectional approach, this study aims to develop a multidimensional conceptual framework.

This research illustrates how the intersectional positions of refugees impact their entrepreneurial motivations, resources and strategies. The authors' findings show that refugee entrepreneurship not only contributes to the economic independence of refugees in new societies but also creates opportunities for refugees to exert their agency.

This conceptual framework can be applied in empirical research and accordingly contributes to refugee entrepreneurship studies and intersectionality theory.

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Refugee entrepreneurship from an intersectional approach10.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0264International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-01-05© 2023 Samaneh Khademi, Caroline Essers and Karin Van NieuwkerkSamaneh KhademiCaroline EssersKarin Van NieuwkerkInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research30112024-01-0510.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0264https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0264/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Samaneh Khademi, Caroline Essers and Karin Van Nieuwkerkhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
An action phase theory approach to the configuration of entrepreneurial goal and implementation intentionshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0772/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper integrates the action phase theory (APT) and the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to analyse the dynamic mechanisms involved in the configuration of goals and implementation intentions throughout the entrepreneurship process. The empirical analysis compares individuals in different phases of this process (not yet decided, potential and nascent entrepreneurs). A large sample of adults from Spain is analysed. Structural equation models and multi-group analysis (MGA) serve to test the hypotheses. The results confirm that perceived behavioural control (PBC) is the most influential antecedent of entrepreneurial goal intention (EGI) in pre-actional phases (undecided and potential entrepreneurs), whilst attitude towards entrepreneurship (ATE) takes this role during nascency. Subjective norms (SNs) are more important in Phase 1 (establishing the goal) and in Phase 3 (performing nascent behaviour). This study contributes to both the TPB and the APT. It provides the most relevant insight into the mental process that leads to starting up and helps explain certain previous conflicting results found in the literature. Additionally, it has important implications not only for theory building but also for support bodies and for entrepreneurship educators.An action phase theory approach to the configuration of entrepreneurial goal and implementation intentions
Francisco Liñán, Inmaculada Jaén, Ana M. Domínguez-Quintero
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. 30, No. 11, pp.64-90

This paper integrates the action phase theory (APT) and the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to analyse the dynamic mechanisms involved in the configuration of goals and implementation intentions throughout the entrepreneurship process.

The empirical analysis compares individuals in different phases of this process (not yet decided, potential and nascent entrepreneurs). A large sample of adults from Spain is analysed. Structural equation models and multi-group analysis (MGA) serve to test the hypotheses.

The results confirm that perceived behavioural control (PBC) is the most influential antecedent of entrepreneurial goal intention (EGI) in pre-actional phases (undecided and potential entrepreneurs), whilst attitude towards entrepreneurship (ATE) takes this role during nascency. Subjective norms (SNs) are more important in Phase 1 (establishing the goal) and in Phase 3 (performing nascent behaviour).

This study contributes to both the TPB and the APT. It provides the most relevant insight into the mental process that leads to starting up and helps explain certain previous conflicting results found in the literature. Additionally, it has important implications not only for theory building but also for support bodies and for entrepreneurship educators.

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An action phase theory approach to the configuration of entrepreneurial goal and implementation intentions10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0772International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-29© 2024 Francisco Liñán, Inmaculada Jaén and Ana M. Domínguez-QuinteroFrancisco LiñánInmaculada JaénAna M. Domínguez-QuinteroInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research30112024-02-2910.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0772https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0772/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Francisco Liñán, Inmaculada Jaén and Ana M. Domínguez-Quinterohttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Framing a feminist phenomenological inquiry into the lived experiences of women entrepreneurshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0736/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis article aims to explore the potential of feminist phenomenology as a conceptual framework for advancing women’s entrepreneurship research and the suitability of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to the proposed framework. The article critically examines the current state of women’s entrepreneurship research regarding the institutional context and highlights the benefits of a shift towards feminist phenomenology. The prevailing disembodied and gender-neutral portrayal of entrepreneurship has resulted in an equivocal understanding of women’s entrepreneurship and perpetuated a male-biased discourse within research and practice. By adopting a feminist phenomenological approach, this article argues for the importance of considering the ontological dimensions of lived experiences of situatedness, intersubjectivity, intentionality and temporality in analysing women entrepreneurs’ agency within gendered institutional contexts. It also demonstrates that feminist phenomenology could broaden the current scope of IPA regarding the embodied dimension of language. The adoption of feminist phenomenology and IPA presents new avenues for research that go beyond the traditional cognitive approach in entrepreneurship, contributing to theory and practice. The proposed conceptual framework also has some limitations that provide opportunities for future research, such as a phenomenological intersectional approach and arts-based methods. The article contributes to a new research agenda in women’s entrepreneurship research by offering a feminist phenomenological framework that focuses on the embodied dimension of entrepreneurship through the integration of IPA and conceptual metaphor theory (CMT).Framing a feminist phenomenological inquiry into the lived experiences of women entrepreneurs
Edicleia Oliveira, Serge Basini, Thomas M. Cooney
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. 30, No. 11, pp.91-119

This article aims to explore the potential of feminist phenomenology as a conceptual framework for advancing women’s entrepreneurship research and the suitability of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to the proposed framework.

The article critically examines the current state of women’s entrepreneurship research regarding the institutional context and highlights the benefits of a shift towards feminist phenomenology.

The prevailing disembodied and gender-neutral portrayal of entrepreneurship has resulted in an equivocal understanding of women’s entrepreneurship and perpetuated a male-biased discourse within research and practice. By adopting a feminist phenomenological approach, this article argues for the importance of considering the ontological dimensions of lived experiences of situatedness, intersubjectivity, intentionality and temporality in analysing women entrepreneurs’ agency within gendered institutional contexts. It also demonstrates that feminist phenomenology could broaden the current scope of IPA regarding the embodied dimension of language.

The adoption of feminist phenomenology and IPA presents new avenues for research that go beyond the traditional cognitive approach in entrepreneurship, contributing to theory and practice. The proposed conceptual framework also has some limitations that provide opportunities for future research, such as a phenomenological intersectional approach and arts-based methods.

The article contributes to a new research agenda in women’s entrepreneurship research by offering a feminist phenomenological framework that focuses on the embodied dimension of entrepreneurship through the integration of IPA and conceptual metaphor theory (CMT).

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Framing a feminist phenomenological inquiry into the lived experiences of women entrepreneurs10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0736International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-03-12© 2024 Edicleia Oliveira, Serge Basini and Thomas M. CooneyEdicleia OliveiraSerge BasiniThomas M. CooneyInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research30112024-03-1210.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0736https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0736/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Edicleia Oliveira, Serge Basini and Thomas M. Cooneyhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Entrepreneurial marketing of small and medium-sized suppliers enhancing technological capability: lessons from industrial suppliers in South Koreahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0026/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestRapid changes in technologies and customer preferences are increasing market uncertainty. Hence, despite the benefits of reactive and adaptive marketing in the industrial market, such marketing is sometimes insufficient for suppliers to survive and succeed. This phenomenon is prevalent among the small and medium-sized suppliers (SMSs) who fail to build technological capability. This suggests that SMSs should be entrepreneurial to survive and succeed in today’s environment. Against this backdrop, the purposes of this study are to understand the process by which entrepreneurial marketing of SMSs enhances their technological capability and to explore factors that stimulate SMSs to implement entrepreneurial marketing. Based on a survey data set on 249 industrial SMSs in South Korea, the authors test the hypotheses formulated in this work using structural equation modeling. Based on effectuation theory, this study conceptualizes entrepreneurial marketing as a process by contrasting entrepreneurial marketing with reactive and adaptive marketing. The results show that proactive market orientation and subsequent exploratory market behavior enhance technological capability, and proactive market orientation is stimulated by relational satisfaction and perceived technological turbulence. This study advances effectuation theory in the industrial marketing literature by exploring the value of entrepreneurial marketing in today’s industrial market. Further, this study extends the entrepreneurial marketing literature by conceptualizing and testing the process by which entrepreneurial marketing of SMSs enhances their technological capability.Entrepreneurial marketing of small and medium-sized suppliers enhancing technological capability: lessons from industrial suppliers in South Korea
Yongwook Sun, Euehun Lee
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Rapid changes in technologies and customer preferences are increasing market uncertainty. Hence, despite the benefits of reactive and adaptive marketing in the industrial market, such marketing is sometimes insufficient for suppliers to survive and succeed. This phenomenon is prevalent among the small and medium-sized suppliers (SMSs) who fail to build technological capability. This suggests that SMSs should be entrepreneurial to survive and succeed in today’s environment. Against this backdrop, the purposes of this study are to understand the process by which entrepreneurial marketing of SMSs enhances their technological capability and to explore factors that stimulate SMSs to implement entrepreneurial marketing.

Based on a survey data set on 249 industrial SMSs in South Korea, the authors test the hypotheses formulated in this work using structural equation modeling.

Based on effectuation theory, this study conceptualizes entrepreneurial marketing as a process by contrasting entrepreneurial marketing with reactive and adaptive marketing. The results show that proactive market orientation and subsequent exploratory market behavior enhance technological capability, and proactive market orientation is stimulated by relational satisfaction and perceived technological turbulence.

This study advances effectuation theory in the industrial marketing literature by exploring the value of entrepreneurial marketing in today’s industrial market. Further, this study extends the entrepreneurial marketing literature by conceptualizing and testing the process by which entrepreneurial marketing of SMSs enhances their technological capability.

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Entrepreneurial marketing of small and medium-sized suppliers enhancing technological capability: lessons from industrial suppliers in South Korea10.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0026International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2022-10-03© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedYongwook SunEuehun LeeInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-10-0310.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0026https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0026/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Strategic positioning of projects in crowdfunding platforms: do advanced technology terms referencing, signaling and articulation matter?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0071/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestTracking trends in new technology funding patterns is essential for venture scaling. The emerging advanced digital technologies (ADT) such as virtual reality (VR), artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain and Internet-of-things (IoT) promote business innovation adaptations, and in turn, reshape the industrial landscape. To attract nascent funding for such prospective projects among the public, well-articulated project pitches that are equipped with effective marketing communication convey the projects' importance and marketability. Specifically, when the entrepreneurs and the crowdfunding platform users interact via different types of crowdfunding platforms, pitch framing, including the signaling of ADT terms, project location and fundraising goal, becomes imperative to help facilitate crowdfunding success. Drawing on data collected from six leading US-based equity and reward-based crowdfunding platforms in 2020, an empirical study was performed. Using the text analysis approach, the authors examined the positive effects of incorporating technology orientation on crowdfunding success. While the effect between the project description's signaling of geographic location, fundraising goal and articulation style on fundraising success, while controlling for project and platform characteristics. The results suggested that the technology-orientated projects are more likely to achieve better fundraising outcomes. Taking crowdfunding platform types, project locations, minimum fundraising goals and articulation with analytical and authentic into consideration, the results still hold. Building on the theoretical framework of signaling theory, the authors consider the crowdfunding-specific contextual factors to enhance the understanding of the positivity impact of technology orientation. By such addition, it facilitates more effective strategic composition of entrepreneurs' fundraising conversations.Strategic positioning of projects in crowdfunding platforms: do advanced technology terms referencing, signaling and articulation matter?
Yilong Zheng, Yiru Wang, Sarfraz A. Mian
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Tracking trends in new technology funding patterns is essential for venture scaling. The emerging advanced digital technologies (ADT) such as virtual reality (VR), artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain and Internet-of-things (IoT) promote business innovation adaptations, and in turn, reshape the industrial landscape. To attract nascent funding for such prospective projects among the public, well-articulated project pitches that are equipped with effective marketing communication convey the projects' importance and marketability. Specifically, when the entrepreneurs and the crowdfunding platform users interact via different types of crowdfunding platforms, pitch framing, including the signaling of ADT terms, project location and fundraising goal, becomes imperative to help facilitate crowdfunding success.

Drawing on data collected from six leading US-based equity and reward-based crowdfunding platforms in 2020, an empirical study was performed. Using the text analysis approach, the authors examined the positive effects of incorporating technology orientation on crowdfunding success. While the effect between the project description's signaling of geographic location, fundraising goal and articulation style on fundraising success, while controlling for project and platform characteristics.

The results suggested that the technology-orientated projects are more likely to achieve better fundraising outcomes. Taking crowdfunding platform types, project locations, minimum fundraising goals and articulation with analytical and authentic into consideration, the results still hold.

Building on the theoretical framework of signaling theory, the authors consider the crowdfunding-specific contextual factors to enhance the understanding of the positivity impact of technology orientation. By such addition, it facilitates more effective strategic composition of entrepreneurs' fundraising conversations.

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Strategic positioning of projects in crowdfunding platforms: do advanced technology terms referencing, signaling and articulation matter?10.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0071International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2022-12-01© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedYilong ZhengYiru WangSarfraz A. MianInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-0110.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0071https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0071/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Sustainable innovation for shared mobility: contextual and consumer factors of an Indian car subscription business modelhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0090/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe paper aims to examine the nature and scale of the sustainability value of car sharing and to identify, through consumer analysis, the contextual and consumer factors of success of car subscription as a business model. The study evaluates the car sharing model against the sustainable development goals defined by the United Nations in 2019. Individual interviews were performed for preliminary understanding of the factors affecting consumers' choices. Subsequently, through two phases of data collection, factor analysis and path model analysis were performed to identify and confirm latent factors. Consumer market segmentation was performed using cluster analysis. Car sharing was found to have an overall positive net impact, with certain potential negative dimensions. Willingness, financial affordability, location and experience were identified as the key factors of consumers opting for car subscriptions. The findings further highlight the significant business potentialities of car subscription in India, consequent also to consumers' attitudes toward car ownership. The research has substantial implications for both society and business, with the former being presented with an innovative sustainable means of transportation, and the latter with the elements of success of an entrepreneurial business model to support the former. The study is a pioneer in objectively evaluating and prescribing positive social and business value creation for and through car subscription in India, based on consumer analysis.Sustainable innovation for shared mobility: contextual and consumer factors of an Indian car subscription business model
Ranjan Chaudhuri, Sheshadri Chatterjee, Arka Ghosh, Demetris Vrontis, Alkis Thrassou
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The paper aims to examine the nature and scale of the sustainability value of car sharing and to identify, through consumer analysis, the contextual and consumer factors of success of car subscription as a business model.

The study evaluates the car sharing model against the sustainable development goals defined by the United Nations in 2019. Individual interviews were performed for preliminary understanding of the factors affecting consumers' choices. Subsequently, through two phases of data collection, factor analysis and path model analysis were performed to identify and confirm latent factors. Consumer market segmentation was performed using cluster analysis.

Car sharing was found to have an overall positive net impact, with certain potential negative dimensions. Willingness, financial affordability, location and experience were identified as the key factors of consumers opting for car subscriptions. The findings further highlight the significant business potentialities of car subscription in India, consequent also to consumers' attitudes toward car ownership.

The research has substantial implications for both society and business, with the former being presented with an innovative sustainable means of transportation, and the latter with the elements of success of an entrepreneurial business model to support the former.

The study is a pioneer in objectively evaluating and prescribing positive social and business value creation for and through car subscription in India, based on consumer analysis.

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Sustainable innovation for shared mobility: contextual and consumer factors of an Indian car subscription business model10.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0090International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2022-08-22© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedRanjan ChaudhuriSheshadri ChatterjeeArka GhoshDemetris VrontisAlkis ThrassouInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-2210.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0090https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0090/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Coopetition and the marketing/entrepreneurship interface in an international arenahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0099/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestGuided by resource-based theory, this study unpacks the relationship between an export entrepreneurial marketing orientation (EMO) and export performance. This is undertaken by investigating quadratic effects and the moderating role of export coopetition (cooperation amongst competitors in an international arena). Survey responses were collected from a sample of 282 smaller-sized wine producers in Italy. This empirical context was ideal, as it hosted varying degrees of the constructs within the conceptual model. Put another way, it was suitable to test the underlying issues for theorising purposes. The hypotheses and control paths were tested through a three-step hierarchical regression analysis. An export EMO had a non-linear (inverted U-shaped) association with export performance. Furthermore, this link was positively moderated by export coopetition. With too little of an export EMO, small enterprises might struggle to create value for their overseas customers. With too much of an export EMO, owner-managers could experience harmful performance outcomes. By cooperating with appropriate industry rivals, small companies can acquire new resources, capabilities and opportunities to help them to boost their export performance. That is, export coopetition can stabilise some of the potential dangers of employing an export EMO. The empirical findings signified that an export EMO has potential dark-sides if these firm-wide behaviours are not implemented effectively. Nevertheless, cooperating with competitors in export markets can alleviate some of these concerns. Collectively, unique insights have emerged, whereby entrepreneurs are advantaged by being strategically flexible and collaborating with appropriate key stakeholders to enhance their export performance.Coopetition and the marketing/entrepreneurship interface in an international arena
James M. Crick, Dave Crick, Giulio Ferrigno
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Guided by resource-based theory, this study unpacks the relationship between an export entrepreneurial marketing orientation (EMO) and export performance. This is undertaken by investigating quadratic effects and the moderating role of export coopetition (cooperation amongst competitors in an international arena).

Survey responses were collected from a sample of 282 smaller-sized wine producers in Italy. This empirical context was ideal, as it hosted varying degrees of the constructs within the conceptual model. Put another way, it was suitable to test the underlying issues for theorising purposes. The hypotheses and control paths were tested through a three-step hierarchical regression analysis.

An export EMO had a non-linear (inverted U-shaped) association with export performance. Furthermore, this link was positively moderated by export coopetition. With too little of an export EMO, small enterprises might struggle to create value for their overseas customers. With too much of an export EMO, owner-managers could experience harmful performance outcomes. By cooperating with appropriate industry rivals, small companies can acquire new resources, capabilities and opportunities to help them to boost their export performance. That is, export coopetition can stabilise some of the potential dangers of employing an export EMO.

The empirical findings signified that an export EMO has potential dark-sides if these firm-wide behaviours are not implemented effectively. Nevertheless, cooperating with competitors in export markets can alleviate some of these concerns. Collectively, unique insights have emerged, whereby entrepreneurs are advantaged by being strategically flexible and collaborating with appropriate key stakeholders to enhance their export performance.

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Coopetition and the marketing/entrepreneurship interface in an international arena10.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0099International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-01-17© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedJames M. CrickDave CrickGiulio FerrignoInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-01-1710.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0099https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2022-0099/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
“Really being yourself”? Racial minority entrepreneurs navigating othering and authenticity through identity workhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2023-0037/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDrawing on an intersectional perspective on racial, migrant and entrepreneurial identities, this paper investigates the identity work of racial minority entrepreneurs with native-born and migrant backgrounds, confronted to experiences of othering in a White entrepreneurial ecosystem. The study takes a qualitative-interpretivist approach and builds on six cases of racial minority entrepreneurs in nascent stages of venture development within the Dutch technology sector. The dataset comprises 24 in-depth interviews conducted over the course of one and a half year, extensive case descriptions and online sources. The data is thematically and inductively analysed. Despite strongly self-identifying as entrepreneurs, the research participants feel marginalised and excluded from the entrepreneurial ecosystem, which results in ongoing threats to their existential authenticity as they build a legitimate entrepreneurial identity. Minority entrepreneurs navigate these threats by either downplaying or embracing their marginalised racial and/or migrant identities. The study contributes to the literature on the identity work of minority entrepreneurs. The paper reveals that, rather than “strategising away” the discrimination and exclusion resulting from othering, racial minority entrepreneurs seek to preserve their sense of existential authenticity and self-worth, irrespective of entrepreneurial outcomes. In so doing, the study challenges the dominant perspective of entrepreneurial identity work among minority entrepreneurs as overly instrumental and market-driven. Moreover, the study also contributes to the literature on authenticity in entrepreneurship by highlighting how racial minority entrepreneurs navigate authenticity threats while building legitimacy in a White ecosystem.“Really being yourself”? Racial minority entrepreneurs navigating othering and authenticity through identity work
Maud van Merriënboer, Michiel Verver, Miruna Radu-Lefebvre
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Drawing on an intersectional perspective on racial, migrant and entrepreneurial identities, this paper investigates the identity work of racial minority entrepreneurs with native-born and migrant backgrounds, confronted to experiences of othering in a White entrepreneurial ecosystem.

The study takes a qualitative-interpretivist approach and builds on six cases of racial minority entrepreneurs in nascent stages of venture development within the Dutch technology sector. The dataset comprises 24 in-depth interviews conducted over the course of one and a half year, extensive case descriptions and online sources. The data is thematically and inductively analysed.

Despite strongly self-identifying as entrepreneurs, the research participants feel marginalised and excluded from the entrepreneurial ecosystem, which results in ongoing threats to their existential authenticity as they build a legitimate entrepreneurial identity. Minority entrepreneurs navigate these threats by either downplaying or embracing their marginalised racial and/or migrant identities.

The study contributes to the literature on the identity work of minority entrepreneurs. The paper reveals that, rather than “strategising away” the discrimination and exclusion resulting from othering, racial minority entrepreneurs seek to preserve their sense of existential authenticity and self-worth, irrespective of entrepreneurial outcomes. In so doing, the study challenges the dominant perspective of entrepreneurial identity work among minority entrepreneurs as overly instrumental and market-driven. Moreover, the study also contributes to the literature on authenticity in entrepreneurship by highlighting how racial minority entrepreneurs navigate authenticity threats while building legitimacy in a White ecosystem.

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“Really being yourself”? Racial minority entrepreneurs navigating othering and authenticity through identity work10.1108/IJEBR-01-2023-0037International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-10-13© 2023 Maud van Merriënboer, Michiel Verver and Miruna Radu-LefebvreMaud van MerriënboerMichiel VerverMiruna Radu-LefebvreInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-1310.1108/IJEBR-01-2023-0037https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2023-0037/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Maud van Merriënboer, Michiel Verver and Miruna Radu-Lefebvrehttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Religion, personality traits and the nature of entrepreneurial activities: insights from Scottish Muslim entrepreneurshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2023-0074/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestPrevious studies have shown how the nature of businesses and the strategies pursued by their owners are affected by the personality traits of their owners. These personality traits can be formed in the early stages of life due to experiences and the surrounding context, where religion is a particularly important aspect of this context. This study aims to explore how religion affects entrepreneurial activities through the personality traits created. This study uses interviews with 43 Muslim entrepreneurs in Scotland to examine the role played by religion. This ensures that the national institutional context is kept consistent but also allows an in-depth examination of relationships, which are likely to be interlinked and recursive. The traits created influence the nature of the entrepreneurial activities undertaken with the potential to harm and support the entrepreneurial endeavours. It is the combination of personality traits that are formed which have the greatest effect. As such, it is found that Muslim entrepreneurs display less openness and creativity associated with new ideas, but this does not reflect risk aversion rather hard work in itself is valued, and patience combined with an external locus of control mean entrepreneurial behaviours are not altered to boost poorly performing business activities. For Muslim entrepreneurs in Scotland, their traits explain why growth may not be a foremost consideration of these entrepreneurs rather they may value hard work and meeting the ideals of formal and informal institutions associated with religion. For those seeking to support minority groups through the promotion of entrepreneurship, either they must seek to overcome these ingrained traits or alter support to complement the different objectives held by Muslim entrepreneurs.Religion, personality traits and the nature of entrepreneurial activities: insights from Scottish Muslim entrepreneurs
Md Zillur Rahman, Farid Ullah, Piers Thompson
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Previous studies have shown how the nature of businesses and the strategies pursued by their owners are affected by the personality traits of their owners. These personality traits can be formed in the early stages of life due to experiences and the surrounding context, where religion is a particularly important aspect of this context. This study aims to explore how religion affects entrepreneurial activities through the personality traits created.

This study uses interviews with 43 Muslim entrepreneurs in Scotland to examine the role played by religion. This ensures that the national institutional context is kept consistent but also allows an in-depth examination of relationships, which are likely to be interlinked and recursive.

The traits created influence the nature of the entrepreneurial activities undertaken with the potential to harm and support the entrepreneurial endeavours. It is the combination of personality traits that are formed which have the greatest effect. As such, it is found that Muslim entrepreneurs display less openness and creativity associated with new ideas, but this does not reflect risk aversion rather hard work in itself is valued, and patience combined with an external locus of control mean entrepreneurial behaviours are not altered to boost poorly performing business activities.

For Muslim entrepreneurs in Scotland, their traits explain why growth may not be a foremost consideration of these entrepreneurs rather they may value hard work and meeting the ideals of formal and informal institutions associated with religion. For those seeking to support minority groups through the promotion of entrepreneurship, either they must seek to overcome these ingrained traits or alter support to complement the different objectives held by Muslim entrepreneurs.

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Religion, personality traits and the nature of entrepreneurial activities: insights from Scottish Muslim entrepreneurs10.1108/IJEBR-01-2023-0074International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-03-27© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedMd Zillur RahmanFarid UllahPiers ThompsonInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2710.1108/IJEBR-01-2023-0074https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2023-0074/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Process tracing: a methodological proposal for a practice approach to family entrepreneurshiphttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0100/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestFollowing the lead of neighboring fields such as strategy and organization studies, entrepreneurship is gradually joining in the adoption of a practice perspective. Entrepreneurship as practice (EaP) is thus a nascent domain of investigation where the methodological debate is still unsettled and very fluid. In this paper, the authors contribute to this debate with a focus on family entrepreneurship. The authors develop a conceptual paper to discuss what it entails to look at family entrepreneurship through a practice lens and why it is fruitful. Moreover, the authors propose a research strategy novel to the field through which such investigation can be pursued, namely process tracing, and examine its inferential logic. Process tracing is a strategy of data analysis underpinned by an ontology of causal mechanisms. The authors argue that it complements other practice methods by inferring social mechanisms from empirical evidence and thereby establishing a connection between praxis, practices and practitioners. Process tracing helps the articulation of an “integrated model” of practice that relates praxis, practices and practitioners to the outcome they jointly produce. By enabling the assessment of impact, process tracing helps providing prima facie evidentiary grounds for policy action and intervention. Process tracing affinity with the practice perspective has been so far acknowledged only to a limited extent in the social sciences, and it is, in fact, a novel research strategy for the family entrepreneurship field.Process tracing: a methodological proposal for a practice approach to family entrepreneurship
Attilia Ruzzene, Mara Brumana, Tommaso Minola
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Following the lead of neighboring fields such as strategy and organization studies, entrepreneurship is gradually joining in the adoption of a practice perspective. Entrepreneurship as practice (EaP) is thus a nascent domain of investigation where the methodological debate is still unsettled and very fluid. In this paper, the authors contribute to this debate with a focus on family entrepreneurship.

The authors develop a conceptual paper to discuss what it entails to look at family entrepreneurship through a practice lens and why it is fruitful. Moreover, the authors propose a research strategy novel to the field through which such investigation can be pursued, namely process tracing, and examine its inferential logic.

Process tracing is a strategy of data analysis underpinned by an ontology of causal mechanisms. The authors argue that it complements other practice methods by inferring social mechanisms from empirical evidence and thereby establishing a connection between praxis, practices and practitioners.

Process tracing helps the articulation of an “integrated model” of practice that relates praxis, practices and practitioners to the outcome they jointly produce. By enabling the assessment of impact, process tracing helps providing prima facie evidentiary grounds for policy action and intervention.

Process tracing affinity with the practice perspective has been so far acknowledged only to a limited extent in the social sciences, and it is, in fact, a novel research strategy for the family entrepreneurship field.

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Process tracing: a methodological proposal for a practice approach to family entrepreneurship10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0100International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2022-12-06© 2022 Attilia Ruzzene, Mara Brumana and Tommaso MinolaAttilia RuzzeneMara BrumanaTommaso MinolaInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-0610.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0100https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0100/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Attilia Ruzzene, Mara Brumana and Tommaso Minolahttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Towards the regional aspects of institutional trust and entrepreneurial ecosystemshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0108/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestInstitutional trust is vital for social and economic activity and crucial in reducing uncertainty for entrepreneurs and society. To shed light on the role of institutional trust on productive entrepreneurial activity, this paper analyses the impact of six urban entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) using the contexts of the transition economies of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia. This study aims to pursue the research question: what role does institutional trust play in the relationship between formal institutions and productive entrepreneurship in the EEs of transition economies? This paper aims to posit that the development and enforcement of formal institutions and institutional trust enhance productive entrepreneurship. In this study, the authors apply a mixed-method approach. The authors’ dataset includes 657 respondents (ecosystem stakeholders) from six city-level entrepreneurial ecosystems in the transition economies of Georgia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan, as well as 51 semi-structured interviews from EE representative stakeholders to examine the validity of the findings. Institutional trust in many cities has been negatively affected by institutionalised corruption and continuous non-transparent reforms, furthering prior research in developing and transition economies. The authors’ findings suggest that institutional trust can be investigated not as a country phenomenon but as a regional phenomenon extending prior research towards understanding the institutional trust – productive entrepreneurship research domain at the city EE level. The authors apply the institutional trust perspective to the EEs in cities in order to examine how institutional trust affects productive entrepreneurship in challenging institutional environments. The authors contribute to the literature on institutions and entrepreneurship by using a mixed-method analysis to examine the relationship between formal institutions and institutional trust in the context of EEs in transition economies.Towards the regional aspects of institutional trust and entrepreneurial ecosystems
Olena Khlystova, Yelena Kalyuzhnova, Maksim Belitski
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Institutional trust is vital for social and economic activity and crucial in reducing uncertainty for entrepreneurs and society. To shed light on the role of institutional trust on productive entrepreneurial activity, this paper analyses the impact of six urban entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) using the contexts of the transition economies of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia. This study aims to pursue the research question: what role does institutional trust play in the relationship between formal institutions and productive entrepreneurship in the EEs of transition economies? This paper aims to posit that the development and enforcement of formal institutions and institutional trust enhance productive entrepreneurship.

In this study, the authors apply a mixed-method approach. The authors’ dataset includes 657 respondents (ecosystem stakeholders) from six city-level entrepreneurial ecosystems in the transition economies of Georgia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan, as well as 51 semi-structured interviews from EE representative stakeholders to examine the validity of the findings.

Institutional trust in many cities has been negatively affected by institutionalised corruption and continuous non-transparent reforms, furthering prior research in developing and transition economies. The authors’ findings suggest that institutional trust can be investigated not as a country phenomenon but as a regional phenomenon extending prior research towards understanding the institutional trust – productive entrepreneurship research domain at the city EE level.

The authors apply the institutional trust perspective to the EEs in cities in order to examine how institutional trust affects productive entrepreneurship in challenging institutional environments. The authors contribute to the literature on institutions and entrepreneurship by using a mixed-method analysis to examine the relationship between formal institutions and institutional trust in the context of EEs in transition economies.

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Towards the regional aspects of institutional trust and entrepreneurial ecosystems10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0108International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2022-09-23© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedOlena KhlystovaYelena KalyuzhnovaMaksim BelitskiInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-2310.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0108https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0108/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Do government incentives increase indigenous innovation commercialisation? Empirical evidence from local Ghanaian firmshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0157/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestGovernment incentives are critical for successful indigenous innovation commercialisation, yet there are concerns about the efficacy of these incentives. Therefore, this study examines the effectiveness of government incentives on successful indigenous innovation commercialisation in the context of low-income economies by testing the effects of demand and supply-side incentives on firm performance in the small-scale industry in Ghana. The theoretical framework for this study is built on the below-the-radar theory of innovation (Kaplinsky et al., 2009). Using a sample of 557 firms engaged in commercialising various indigenous innovations in the small-scale industry in Ghana, PLS-SEM was deployed to assess 11 hypothesised paths based on a validated questionnaire. The model results, at a 5% significance level, indicate that supply-side incentives are statistically insignificant on sales and profitability but have significant positive effects on employment. The direct and moderating influence of supply-side incentives and market factors on overall firm performance is also insignificant, while demand-side incentives to buyers have significant positive effects on all the performance metrics and positively moderate the effects of market factors. The research focused on commercialising indigenous innovation in the context of low-income economies. Few studies, if any, have separately explored the effect of demand and supply-side government incentives on indigenous innovation in the context of low-income economies. The findings suggest that innovation support should focus more on the demand side of the innovation value chain.Do government incentives increase indigenous innovation commercialisation? Empirical evidence from local Ghanaian firms
Harrison Paul Adjimah, Victor Atiase, Dennis Yao Dzansi
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Government incentives are critical for successful indigenous innovation commercialisation, yet there are concerns about the efficacy of these incentives. Therefore, this study examines the effectiveness of government incentives on successful indigenous innovation commercialisation in the context of low-income economies by testing the effects of demand and supply-side incentives on firm performance in the small-scale industry in Ghana.

The theoretical framework for this study is built on the below-the-radar theory of innovation (Kaplinsky et al., 2009). Using a sample of 557 firms engaged in commercialising various indigenous innovations in the small-scale industry in Ghana, PLS-SEM was deployed to assess 11 hypothesised paths based on a validated questionnaire.

The model results, at a 5% significance level, indicate that supply-side incentives are statistically insignificant on sales and profitability but have significant positive effects on employment. The direct and moderating influence of supply-side incentives and market factors on overall firm performance is also insignificant, while demand-side incentives to buyers have significant positive effects on all the performance metrics and positively moderate the effects of market factors.

The research focused on commercialising indigenous innovation in the context of low-income economies. Few studies, if any, have separately explored the effect of demand and supply-side government incentives on indigenous innovation in the context of low-income economies. The findings suggest that innovation support should focus more on the demand side of the innovation value chain.

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Do government incentives increase indigenous innovation commercialisation? Empirical evidence from local Ghanaian firms10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0157International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-01-25© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedHarrison Paul AdjimahVictor AtiaseDennis Yao DzansiInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-01-2510.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0157https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0157/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Determinants of SMEs’ performance: amalgamation of entrepreneurial, market and brand orientationshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0167/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestScholars and practitioners alike are paying attention to entrepreneurial orientation (EO) as an antecedent of the financial performance of SMEs. Other factors foster and improve SMEs' financial performance. This paper aims to shed the light on other two different strategic orientations that may help enhance SMEs' financial performance in addition to EO, namely; market orientation (MO) and brand orientation (BO). The three different important strategic orientations are explored through two different studies. The first study was conducted to determine the different effects of the three orientations on SMEs' financial performance. Data were collected using a questionnaire among a convenient sample (131) of business owners/managers, and next PLS-SEM was used for data analysis. The financial performance of firms in the second study is hypothesized to be an outcome of a combination of different strategic orientations; therefore, the fsQCA method is applied to explore the causal recipes of those orientations. The paper concluded that the three different strategic orientations are collectively, of paramount importance to strategic managers of SMEs. The brand, market and EOs have been discussed discretely in previous studies and this study attempted to provide managers/owners of SMEs with a holistic view of the three different orientations and the amalgamation among them to be beneficial for better financial performance.Determinants of SMEs’ performance: amalgamation of entrepreneurial, market and brand orientations
Ahmed Rageh Ismail, Bahtiar Mohamad
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Scholars and practitioners alike are paying attention to entrepreneurial orientation (EO) as an antecedent of the financial performance of SMEs. Other factors foster and improve SMEs' financial performance. This paper aims to shed the light on other two different strategic orientations that may help enhance SMEs' financial performance in addition to EO, namely; market orientation (MO) and brand orientation (BO).

The three different important strategic orientations are explored through two different studies. The first study was conducted to determine the different effects of the three orientations on SMEs' financial performance. Data were collected using a questionnaire among a convenient sample (131) of business owners/managers, and next PLS-SEM was used for data analysis. The financial performance of firms in the second study is hypothesized to be an outcome of a combination of different strategic orientations; therefore, the fsQCA method is applied to explore the causal recipes of those orientations.

The paper concluded that the three different strategic orientations are collectively, of paramount importance to strategic managers of SMEs.

The brand, market and EOs have been discussed discretely in previous studies and this study attempted to provide managers/owners of SMEs with a holistic view of the three different orientations and the amalgamation among them to be beneficial for better financial performance.

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Determinants of SMEs’ performance: amalgamation of entrepreneurial, market and brand orientations10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0167International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2022-11-18© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAhmed Rageh IsmailBahtiar MohamadInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-11-1810.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0167https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0167/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Embedding the marketing angle into the pursuit of entrepreneurial propensity: roles of perceived feasibility and desirability and stakeholders' supporthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0171/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study endeavors to decode the propensity for entrepreneurial action by addressing the perceptions of feasibility and desirability stemming from entrepreneurs' and non-entrepreneurs’ appraisal of holding marketing capabilities; complemented by the direct and indirect effects of market stakeholders' support, assessed as bridging or buffering the entrepreneurial action. Three groups were formed from a random sample of 1,957 Canadian (from Quebec) respondents to an online questionnaire: non-entrepreneurs with low entrepreneurial intentions, non-entrepreneurs with high entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurs with high entrepreneurial intentions. The analyses revealed salient effects of perceptions of feasibility and desirability, coupled with appraisals of possessing marketing capabilities, on entrepreneurial propensity; and their strengthened relations when obtaining stakeholders' support. Overall, the results suggest that perceived market feasibility and market desirability are prominent factors in differentiating between entrepreneurial and non-entrepreneurial action, and the type and function of stakeholders' support are prominent in differentiating between intentions. Practical implications include facilitating the transmission of marketing knowledge to novice entrepreneurs through higher education and the ecosystem. The authors show that perceptions of feasibility and desirability are particularly dependent on the entrepreneur's perceived marketing capabilities and perceptions of entrepreneurial ecosystem supportiveness. This study thus captures a fuller range of the intentions–action relationship by gauging the unidimensional approach to entrepreneurial action through intertwining attributes at the individual and market levels. It takes a new look at feasibility and desirability through marketing capabilities; and offers a more robust classification of stakeholders' support—institution/people, bridging/buffering. Practical implications include facilitating the transmission of marketing knowledge to novice entrepreneurs through higher education and the ecosystem.Embedding the marketing angle into the pursuit of entrepreneurial propensity: roles of perceived feasibility and desirability and stakeholders' support
Dafna Kariv, Norris Krueger, Luis Cisneros, Gavriella Kashy-Rosenbaum
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study endeavors to decode the propensity for entrepreneurial action by addressing the perceptions of feasibility and desirability stemming from entrepreneurs' and non-entrepreneurs’ appraisal of holding marketing capabilities; complemented by the direct and indirect effects of market stakeholders' support, assessed as bridging or buffering the entrepreneurial action.

Three groups were formed from a random sample of 1,957 Canadian (from Quebec) respondents to an online questionnaire: non-entrepreneurs with low entrepreneurial intentions, non-entrepreneurs with high entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurs with high entrepreneurial intentions.

The analyses revealed salient effects of perceptions of feasibility and desirability, coupled with appraisals of possessing marketing capabilities, on entrepreneurial propensity; and their strengthened relations when obtaining stakeholders' support. Overall, the results suggest that perceived market feasibility and market desirability are prominent factors in differentiating between entrepreneurial and non-entrepreneurial action, and the type and function of stakeholders' support are prominent in differentiating between intentions.

Practical implications include facilitating the transmission of marketing knowledge to novice entrepreneurs through higher education and the ecosystem.

The authors show that perceptions of feasibility and desirability are particularly dependent on the entrepreneur's perceived marketing capabilities and perceptions of entrepreneurial ecosystem supportiveness. This study thus captures a fuller range of the intentions–action relationship by gauging the unidimensional approach to entrepreneurial action through intertwining attributes at the individual and market levels. It takes a new look at feasibility and desirability through marketing capabilities; and offers a more robust classification of stakeholders' support—institution/people, bridging/buffering. Practical implications include facilitating the transmission of marketing knowledge to novice entrepreneurs through higher education and the ecosystem.

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Embedding the marketing angle into the pursuit of entrepreneurial propensity: roles of perceived feasibility and desirability and stakeholders' support10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0171International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-03-14© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedDafna KarivNorris KruegerLuis CisnerosGavriella Kashy-RosenbaumInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-1410.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0171https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0171/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Developing social entrepreneurship through public procurement: a wicked problem!https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0175/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper explores attempts to deliver socioeconomic benefit by developing social enterprise within the public sector supply chain. A case study approach is adopted which focusses on the implementation of public procurement policy intended to support social entrepreneurs (SEs) in the delivery of social care in Scotland. Socio-technical systems theory (STST) is adopted as a lens through which to explore the case. While acknowledging the contextual limits of the case study, the empirical findings recognise partial implementation of the measures intended to develop social entrepreneurship in the supply chain. The results, however, suggest that both the engagement levels of SEs and the expected socio economic benefits are yet to accrue fully. The paper concludes that in order to achieve the expected social benefits further progress is required in engaging SEs in formal collaborations with larger, potentially for profit, organisations and also in their increased involvement in the design and commissioning of public services. The innovative, cross-sectional research design uses a survey based, gap analysis to provide a nuanced comparison between the views of local authority procurement officers and the opinions prevalent within social enterprise care providers and thereby to assesses the effectiveness of public policy.Developing social entrepreneurship through public procurement: a wicked problem!
Alan Aitken
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper explores attempts to deliver socioeconomic benefit by developing social enterprise within the public sector supply chain.

A case study approach is adopted which focusses on the implementation of public procurement policy intended to support social entrepreneurs (SEs) in the delivery of social care in Scotland. Socio-technical systems theory (STST) is adopted as a lens through which to explore the case.

While acknowledging the contextual limits of the case study, the empirical findings recognise partial implementation of the measures intended to develop social entrepreneurship in the supply chain. The results, however, suggest that both the engagement levels of SEs and the expected socio economic benefits are yet to accrue fully.

The paper concludes that in order to achieve the expected social benefits further progress is required in engaging SEs in formal collaborations with larger, potentially for profit, organisations and also in their increased involvement in the design and commissioning of public services.

The innovative, cross-sectional research design uses a survey based, gap analysis to provide a nuanced comparison between the views of local authority procurement officers and the opinions prevalent within social enterprise care providers and thereby to assesses the effectiveness of public policy.

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Developing social entrepreneurship through public procurement: a wicked problem!10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0175International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2022-11-01© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAlan AitkenInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-11-0110.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0175https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0175/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
How to secure an innovation grant for firms in new industries? Gender and resource perspectiveshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0183/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestResearch on financing for entrepreneurship has consolidated over the last decade. However, one question remains unanswered: how does the combination of external finance, such as equity and debt capital, and internal finance, such as working capital, affect the likelihood of grant funding over time? The purpose of this study is to analyse the relationship between different sources of financing and firms' ability to fundraise via innovation grants and to examine the role of female chief executive officer (CEO) in this relationship. Unlike equity and debt funding, innovation grants manifest a form of innovation acknowledgement and visibility, recognition of potential commercialization of inovation. The authors use firm-level financial data for 3,034 high-growth firms observed in 2015, 2017 and 2019 across 35 emerging sectors in the United Kingdom (UK) to test the factors affecting the propensity of high-growth firms to secure an innovation grant as a main source of fundraising for innovation during the early stages of product commercialization. The results do not confirm gender bias for innovation fundraising in new industries. This contrasts with prior research in the field which has demonstrated that access to finance is gender-biased. However, the role of CEO gender is important as it moderates the relationship between the sources of funding and the likelihood of accessing the grant funding. This study does not analyse psychological or neurological factors that could determine the intrinsic qualities of male and female CEOs when making high-risk decisions under conditions of uncertainty related to innovation. Direct gender bias with regards to access to innovation grants could not be assumed. This study offers important policy implications and explains how firms in new industries can increase their likelihood of accessing a grant and how CEO gender can moderate the relationship between availability of internal and external funding and securing a new grant. This study implicates and empirically demonstrates that gender bias does not apply in fundraising for innovation in new industries. As female CEOs represent various firms in different sectors, this may be an important signal for investors in new product development and innovation policies targeting gender bias and inclusion. The authors draw on female entrepreneurship and feminist literature to demonstrate how various sources of financing and gender change the likelihood of grant funding in both the short and long run. This is the first empirical study which aims to explain how various internal and external sources of finance change the propensity of securing an innovation grant in new industries.How to secure an innovation grant for firms in new industries? Gender and resource perspectives
David Audretsch, Maksim Belitski, Candida Brush
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Research on financing for entrepreneurship has consolidated over the last decade. However, one question remains unanswered: how does the combination of external finance, such as equity and debt capital, and internal finance, such as working capital, affect the likelihood of grant funding over time? The purpose of this study is to analyse the relationship between different sources of financing and firms' ability to fundraise via innovation grants and to examine the role of female chief executive officer (CEO) in this relationship. Unlike equity and debt funding, innovation grants manifest a form of innovation acknowledgement and visibility, recognition of potential commercialization of inovation.

The authors use firm-level financial data for 3,034 high-growth firms observed in 2015, 2017 and 2019 across 35 emerging sectors in the United Kingdom (UK) to test the factors affecting the propensity of high-growth firms to secure an innovation grant as a main source of fundraising for innovation during the early stages of product commercialization.

The results do not confirm gender bias for innovation fundraising in new industries. This contrasts with prior research in the field which has demonstrated that access to finance is gender-biased. However, the role of CEO gender is important as it moderates the relationship between the sources of funding and the likelihood of accessing the grant funding.

This study does not analyse psychological or neurological factors that could determine the intrinsic qualities of male and female CEOs when making high-risk decisions under conditions of uncertainty related to innovation. Direct gender bias with regards to access to innovation grants could not be assumed. This study offers important policy implications and explains how firms in new industries can increase their likelihood of accessing a grant and how CEO gender can moderate the relationship between availability of internal and external funding and securing a new grant.

This study implicates and empirically demonstrates that gender bias does not apply in fundraising for innovation in new industries. As female CEOs represent various firms in different sectors, this may be an important signal for investors in new product development and innovation policies targeting gender bias and inclusion.

The authors draw on female entrepreneurship and feminist literature to demonstrate how various sources of financing and gender change the likelihood of grant funding in both the short and long run. This is the first empirical study which aims to explain how various internal and external sources of finance change the propensity of securing an innovation grant in new industries.

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How to secure an innovation grant for firms in new industries? Gender and resource perspectives10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0183International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-05-09© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedDavid AudretschMaksim BelitskiCandida BrushInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-05-0910.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0183https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0183/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Integration of outside-in and inside-out entrepreneurial marketing capabilities, marketing agility and resources for entrepreneurial firm performancehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0193/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe resource-based view (RBV) emphasises the importance of resources for firm performance. However, recent research argues that the focus on firm performance should also be based on inside-out (IO) and outside-in (OI) capabilities. Specifically, we study the importance of resources on product development (an IO) and market driving (an OI) entrepreneurial marketing capabilities on entrepreneurial firm performance in an emerging market. The study further investigates the moderating effects of marketing agility on the relationship between resources and capabilities. The study is based on survey data of a multi-industry sample of 102 entrepreneurial firms in Pakistan. The results show that marketing agility moderates the relationship between resource-mix flexibility on product development and market driving capabilities, but it only positively moderates the relationship between resource-mix inimitability and product development capability. Marketing driving and product development capabilities play a role as parallel mediators between resources and firm performance. The study lies at the intersection of marketing and entrepreneurship literature by (1) providing a nuanced understanding of marketing agility as a boundary spanning factor for IO and OI entrepreneurial marketing capabilities; (2) integrating the resource types and product development from IO and market-driving from OI capabilities perspectives; (3) identifying the effects of IO and OI on firm performance providing guidance for entrepreneurs seeking improved firm performance.Integration of outside-in and inside-out entrepreneurial marketing capabilities, marketing agility and resources for entrepreneurial firm performance
Huda Khan, Felix Mavondo, Nadia Zahoor
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The resource-based view (RBV) emphasises the importance of resources for firm performance. However, recent research argues that the focus on firm performance should also be based on inside-out (IO) and outside-in (OI) capabilities. Specifically, we study the importance of resources on product development (an IO) and market driving (an OI) entrepreneurial marketing capabilities on entrepreneurial firm performance in an emerging market. The study further investigates the moderating effects of marketing agility on the relationship between resources and capabilities.

The study is based on survey data of a multi-industry sample of 102 entrepreneurial firms in Pakistan.

The results show that marketing agility moderates the relationship between resource-mix flexibility on product development and market driving capabilities, but it only positively moderates the relationship between resource-mix inimitability and product development capability. Marketing driving and product development capabilities play a role as parallel mediators between resources and firm performance.

The study lies at the intersection of marketing and entrepreneurship literature by (1) providing a nuanced understanding of marketing agility as a boundary spanning factor for IO and OI entrepreneurial marketing capabilities; (2) integrating the resource types and product development from IO and market-driving from OI capabilities perspectives; (3) identifying the effects of IO and OI on firm performance providing guidance for entrepreneurs seeking improved firm performance.

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Integration of outside-in and inside-out entrepreneurial marketing capabilities, marketing agility and resources for entrepreneurial firm performance10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0193International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2022-11-24© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedHuda KhanFelix MavondoNadia ZahoorInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-11-2410.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0193https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0193/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The start-up's roadmap to private equity financing: substituting discounts with a premium in valuation for growthhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0197/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestAccess to financing is a key success factor for start-ups. High failure rates, long payback periodse and asymmetries lead to conservative pricing and valuation discounts. The authors examine financial marketing and contingent factors, as enablers of a “patent premium” by private equity (PE) investors targeting start-ups in their growth and expansion stages. Drawing from the contingency, innovation and signaling theories, the authors collect patent records for Italian start-ups in which a higher than 30% stake was acquired by PE investors during the period 2014–2020. The authors apply a generalized linear model with a logit link and robust clustered error to test the key relationships and control for endogeneity with a Heckman two-stage selection model. Findings indicate start-ups’ access to financing is significantly impacted by marketing constructs adopted in the operation. Innovation alone does not suffice to determine a valuation premium, unless contingent on the promotion of its product, the placement -investors targeted-of the equity, brand equity levers of previous ownership and marketing competence backing the deal. The authors provide new insights in the marketing-finance interface, highlighting levers that reassure investors and enable monetizing innovation in start-ups that are still privately held. The authors bridge a gap in literature that has mainly focused on venture capital and innovation financing in the open market, as well as a significant gap regarding the marketing design of private equity placements.The start-up's roadmap to private equity financing: substituting discounts with a premium in valuation for growth
Anastasia Giakoumelou, Antonio Salvi, Olga Kvasova, Ioannis Rizomyliotis
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Access to financing is a key success factor for start-ups. High failure rates, long payback periodse and asymmetries lead to conservative pricing and valuation discounts. The authors examine financial marketing and contingent factors, as enablers of a “patent premium” by private equity (PE) investors targeting start-ups in their growth and expansion stages.

Drawing from the contingency, innovation and signaling theories, the authors collect patent records for Italian start-ups in which a higher than 30% stake was acquired by PE investors during the period 2014–2020. The authors apply a generalized linear model with a logit link and robust clustered error to test the key relationships and control for endogeneity with a Heckman two-stage selection model.

Findings indicate start-ups’ access to financing is significantly impacted by marketing constructs adopted in the operation. Innovation alone does not suffice to determine a valuation premium, unless contingent on the promotion of its product, the placement -investors targeted-of the equity, brand equity levers of previous ownership and marketing competence backing the deal.

The authors provide new insights in the marketing-finance interface, highlighting levers that reassure investors and enable monetizing innovation in start-ups that are still privately held. The authors bridge a gap in literature that has mainly focused on venture capital and innovation financing in the open market, as well as a significant gap regarding the marketing design of private equity placements.

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The start-up's roadmap to private equity financing: substituting discounts with a premium in valuation for growth10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0197International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-05-26© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAnastasia GiakoumelouAntonio SalviOlga KvasovaIoannis RizomyliotisInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-05-2610.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0197https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0197/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The relationship between strategic orientations and firm performance and the role of innovation: a meta-analytic assessment of theoretical modelshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0200/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to assess the validity and utility of two theoretical approaches to understanding the relationship between strategic orientations, innovation and firm performance and to examine the role of innovation in the relationship while avoiding circular arguments. The universalistic approach suggests that strategic orientations have independent and parallel effects on firms’ performance, and that innovation does not influence this relationship. The holistic approach proposes that strategic orientations in a complementary and interrelated view have both direct and indirect effects on firms’ performance through innovation. A meta-analytic path analysis applying two-stage structural equation modeling (TSSEM) was conducted on data from 132 primary studies and 33,063 observations. The holistic approach was demonstrated to be superior due to its more explanatory power in linking more complex relationships through simultaneous direct and indirect effects and its capacity for including the interrelatedness and complementarity of strategic orientations. It was found that innovation has a full mediating role in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance, and a partial mediating role in the relationship between market orientation (MO) and learning orientation (LO) and firm performance. The study used observed variables instead of latent variables for meta-analytic path analysis, which may reduce some sources of endogeneity. However, causal inference is not possible due to the nature of meta-analysis. The scope of the final sample was limited by some studies not reporting the estimates of correlations between constructs. Managers can improve an organization's chances of success in the marketplace by adopting a holistic view of strategic orientations focusing on customer satisfaction, learning from the external environment and pursuing new market opportunities. Furthermore, an organization can gain a competitive advantage through innovation by creating products and services that are different from what is currently available in the market. To be successful, an organization must not only create innovative products and services but also market them effectively to consumers. This study is the first to meta-analytically assess the explanatory value of two theorized models linking strategic orientations, innovation and firm performance. It also clarifies the role of innovation in the relationship between strategic orientations and firm performance.The relationship between strategic orientations and firm performance and the role of innovation: a meta-analytic assessment of theoretical models
Juan David Reyes-Gómez, Pilar López, Josep Rialp
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to assess the validity and utility of two theoretical approaches to understanding the relationship between strategic orientations, innovation and firm performance and to examine the role of innovation in the relationship while avoiding circular arguments. The universalistic approach suggests that strategic orientations have independent and parallel effects on firms’ performance, and that innovation does not influence this relationship. The holistic approach proposes that strategic orientations in a complementary and interrelated view have both direct and indirect effects on firms’ performance through innovation.

A meta-analytic path analysis applying two-stage structural equation modeling (TSSEM) was conducted on data from 132 primary studies and 33,063 observations.

The holistic approach was demonstrated to be superior due to its more explanatory power in linking more complex relationships through simultaneous direct and indirect effects and its capacity for including the interrelatedness and complementarity of strategic orientations. It was found that innovation has a full mediating role in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance, and a partial mediating role in the relationship between market orientation (MO) and learning orientation (LO) and firm performance.

The study used observed variables instead of latent variables for meta-analytic path analysis, which may reduce some sources of endogeneity. However, causal inference is not possible due to the nature of meta-analysis. The scope of the final sample was limited by some studies not reporting the estimates of correlations between constructs.

Managers can improve an organization's chances of success in the marketplace by adopting a holistic view of strategic orientations focusing on customer satisfaction, learning from the external environment and pursuing new market opportunities. Furthermore, an organization can gain a competitive advantage through innovation by creating products and services that are different from what is currently available in the market. To be successful, an organization must not only create innovative products and services but also market them effectively to consumers.

This study is the first to meta-analytically assess the explanatory value of two theorized models linking strategic orientations, innovation and firm performance. It also clarifies the role of innovation in the relationship between strategic orientations and firm performance.

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The relationship between strategic orientations and firm performance and the role of innovation: a meta-analytic assessment of theoretical models10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0200International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-01-02© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedJuan David Reyes-GómezPilar LópezJosep RialpInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-0210.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0200https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0200/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Analysing the relevance of value creation in the interconnection amongst entrepreneurship, marketing and innovation: a systematic literature reviewhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0203/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this article is to better understand the relevance of value creation in the interconnection amongst entrepreneurship, marketing and innovation by reviewing the literature. The authors employed a systematic review methodology using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol to analyse the literature in depth. The articles were selected from the Scopus database and dated from 1987 to 2021. An initial total of 1,158 articles was successively narrowed down to a final list of 123 papers matching the selection criteria. Moreover, content analysis on the sample was performed to explore and analyse whether value creation directly or indirectly appears as a goal or antecedent amongst entrepreneurship, marketing and innovation. The findings suggest that the literature does not clearly define the topic linkage, and with the authors' results, the authors provide a comprehensive mapping of the contributions to a theoretical framework that synthesises knowledge. Moreover, the authors highlight that the interconnection between marketing and entrepreneurship, i.e. entrepreneurial marketing, requires an innovative approach for satisfying customer needs and creating value. Co-occurrence analysis of the keywords also allowed to identify four clusters that were open to new research streams. Entrepreneurship, marketing and innovation are recognised research topics in the business and management literature. However, prior research has not provided clear and comprehensive evidence about how these three research topics are linked to each other. This work analyses the hidden relationship amongst them.Analysing the relevance of value creation in the interconnection amongst entrepreneurship, marketing and innovation: a systematic literature review
Marcello Risitano, Giuseppe La Ragione, Alessandra Turi, Marco Ferretti
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this article is to better understand the relevance of value creation in the interconnection amongst entrepreneurship, marketing and innovation by reviewing the literature.

The authors employed a systematic review methodology using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol to analyse the literature in depth. The articles were selected from the Scopus database and dated from 1987 to 2021. An initial total of 1,158 articles was successively narrowed down to a final list of 123 papers matching the selection criteria. Moreover, content analysis on the sample was performed to explore and analyse whether value creation directly or indirectly appears as a goal or antecedent amongst entrepreneurship, marketing and innovation.

The findings suggest that the literature does not clearly define the topic linkage, and with the authors' results, the authors provide a comprehensive mapping of the contributions to a theoretical framework that synthesises knowledge. Moreover, the authors highlight that the interconnection between marketing and entrepreneurship, i.e. entrepreneurial marketing, requires an innovative approach for satisfying customer needs and creating value. Co-occurrence analysis of the keywords also allowed to identify four clusters that were open to new research streams.

Entrepreneurship, marketing and innovation are recognised research topics in the business and management literature. However, prior research has not provided clear and comprehensive evidence about how these three research topics are linked to each other. This work analyses the hidden relationship amongst them.

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Analysing the relevance of value creation in the interconnection amongst entrepreneurship, marketing and innovation: a systematic literature review10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0203International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-12-21© 2023 Marcello Risitano, Giuseppe La Ragione, Alessandra Turi and Marco FerrettiMarcello RisitanoGiuseppe La RagioneAlessandra TuriMarco FerrettiInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-12-2110.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0203https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0203/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Marcello Risitano, Giuseppe La Ragione, Alessandra Turi and Marco Ferrettihttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Open innovation pathway to firm performance: the role of dynamic marketing capability in Malaysian entrepreneurial firmshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0206/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study investigates how firms build strong dynamic marketing capability (DMC) from open innovation (OI) to enhance the performance of entrepreneurial firms. Moreover, this study unfolds DMC's mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying inbound and outbound OI and performance relationships, respectively. To test the research model and hypotheses, this study drew a sample of 251 firms operating in Malaysia using the time-lagged survey method. Structural equation modelling was used in this study to investigate the model relationships. The findings of this study reveal the positive interplay between inbound OI (knowledge acquisition) and DMC. The outbound OI (knowledge exploitation) in this study is found to mediate the relationship between inbound OI and firm performance. In addition, while the DMC has a mediating effect in the relationship between inbound OI and firm performance, such a capability reinforces the positive relationship between outbound OI and performance. This study provides a noble insight into the complex interplay between OI and entrepreneurial firms' performance by developing and testing an integrated framework underpinned by a knowledge-based view and dynamic capability theory. The findings highlight the significance of taking an interdisciplinary and integrated approach to better understand the determinants of entrepreneurial firms' performance in an emerging country context.Open innovation pathway to firm performance: the role of dynamic marketing capability in Malaysian entrepreneurial firms
Md Imtiaz Mostafiz, Farhad Uddin Ahmed, Paul Hughes
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study investigates how firms build strong dynamic marketing capability (DMC) from open innovation (OI) to enhance the performance of entrepreneurial firms. Moreover, this study unfolds DMC's mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying inbound and outbound OI and performance relationships, respectively.

To test the research model and hypotheses, this study drew a sample of 251 firms operating in Malaysia using the time-lagged survey method. Structural equation modelling was used in this study to investigate the model relationships.

The findings of this study reveal the positive interplay between inbound OI (knowledge acquisition) and DMC. The outbound OI (knowledge exploitation) in this study is found to mediate the relationship between inbound OI and firm performance. In addition, while the DMC has a mediating effect in the relationship between inbound OI and firm performance, such a capability reinforces the positive relationship between outbound OI and performance.

This study provides a noble insight into the complex interplay between OI and entrepreneurial firms' performance by developing and testing an integrated framework underpinned by a knowledge-based view and dynamic capability theory. The findings highlight the significance of taking an interdisciplinary and integrated approach to better understand the determinants of entrepreneurial firms' performance in an emerging country context.

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Open innovation pathway to firm performance: the role of dynamic marketing capability in Malaysian entrepreneurial firms10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0206International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2022-10-18© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMd Imtiaz MostafizFarhad Uddin AhmedPaul HughesInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-10-1810.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0206https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0206/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Digital ethnicity affordances: from a liability to an asset in immigrant entrepreneurshiphttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0207/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to understand how immigrant entrepreneurs use digital opportunities to overcome the liability of newness and foreignness and how an immigrant's ethnicity can be digitally performed as an asset in business. The study adopts an inductive multiple case study approach using social media content. The data consist of over 3,500 posts, images and screenshots from Facebook, Instagram and the webpages of seven successful Vietnamese restaurants in Sweden. Grounded content analysis was conducted using NVivo. The findings suggest that digitalising ethnic artifacts can mediate and facilitate three digital performances that together can turn ethnicity from a liability to an asset: (i) preserving performance through digital ethnicising, (ii) embracing performance through digital generativitising and (iii) appropriating performance through digital fusionising. The results support the introduction of a conceptual framework depicting the interwoven duality of horizontal and vertical boundary blurring, in which the former takes place between the offline and online spaces of immigrant businesses, and the latter occurs between the home and host country attachment of the immigrant businesses. This study responds to calls for understanding how immigrant entrepreneurs can overcome the liability of foreignness. It offers a fresh look at ethnicity, which has been seen in a negative light in the field of immigrant entrepreneurship. This study illuminates that ethnicity can be used as a resource in immigrant entrepreneurship, specifically through the use of digital artifacts and digital platforms.Digital ethnicity affordances: from a liability to an asset in immigrant entrepreneurship
Quang Evansluong, Lena Grip, Eva Karayianni
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to understand how immigrant entrepreneurs use digital opportunities to overcome the liability of newness and foreignness and how an immigrant's ethnicity can be digitally performed as an asset in business.

The study adopts an inductive multiple case study approach using social media content. The data consist of over 3,500 posts, images and screenshots from Facebook, Instagram and the webpages of seven successful Vietnamese restaurants in Sweden. Grounded content analysis was conducted using NVivo.

The findings suggest that digitalising ethnic artifacts can mediate and facilitate three digital performances that together can turn ethnicity from a liability to an asset: (i) preserving performance through digital ethnicising, (ii) embracing performance through digital generativitising and (iii) appropriating performance through digital fusionising. The results support the introduction of a conceptual framework depicting the interwoven duality of horizontal and vertical boundary blurring, in which the former takes place between the offline and online spaces of immigrant businesses, and the latter occurs between the home and host country attachment of the immigrant businesses.

This study responds to calls for understanding how immigrant entrepreneurs can overcome the liability of foreignness. It offers a fresh look at ethnicity, which has been seen in a negative light in the field of immigrant entrepreneurship. This study illuminates that ethnicity can be used as a resource in immigrant entrepreneurship, specifically through the use of digital artifacts and digital platforms.

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Digital ethnicity affordances: from a liability to an asset in immigrant entrepreneurship10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0207International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-01-24© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedQuang EvansluongLena GripEva KarayianniInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-01-2410.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0207https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0207/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The role of social intrapreneurship and serious games in generating social innovation in the healthcare sectorhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0208/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research paper aims to explore how social intrapreneurs use serious games to generate social innovation. In particular, the study depicts the coproduction process between caregivers acting as intrapreneurs, patients and other stakeholders, and unveils the contributions of serious games and their key features in producing social innovation within healthcare facilities. Through an original case study, the article analyzes a social innovation initiated by caregivers in the French care eco-system. Primary and secondary data were used to observe and examine the successful implementation of a serious game. Specifically, caregivers in hospital designed a game that helps children overcome the stress and anxiety inherent to their hospital journey. Results unveil the role of social innovations as catalyst of social intrapreneurship and the coproduction of services. In the healthcare setting, serious games both participate in improving the stay of child in hospitals, and in facilitating the working conditions of caregivers. This article brings together the theoretical background of social intrapreneurship, social innovation and serious games. The successful implementation of social innovation depends on the intrinsic features of social intrapreneurs, coupled with those pertaining to serious games. The positive outcome of social innovation benefits both internal and external stakeholders. Such innovation improves the end users' experience, as the latter participate in the coproduction of their own care.The role of social intrapreneurship and serious games in generating social innovation in the healthcare sector
Insaf Khelladi, Sylvaine Castellano, Edouard Charles Vinçotte
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research paper aims to explore how social intrapreneurs use serious games to generate social innovation. In particular, the study depicts the coproduction process between caregivers acting as intrapreneurs, patients and other stakeholders, and unveils the contributions of serious games and their key features in producing social innovation within healthcare facilities.

Through an original case study, the article analyzes a social innovation initiated by caregivers in the French care eco-system. Primary and secondary data were used to observe and examine the successful implementation of a serious game. Specifically, caregivers in hospital designed a game that helps children overcome the stress and anxiety inherent to their hospital journey.

Results unveil the role of social innovations as catalyst of social intrapreneurship and the coproduction of services. In the healthcare setting, serious games both participate in improving the stay of child in hospitals, and in facilitating the working conditions of caregivers.

This article brings together the theoretical background of social intrapreneurship, social innovation and serious games. The successful implementation of social innovation depends on the intrinsic features of social intrapreneurs, coupled with those pertaining to serious games. The positive outcome of social innovation benefits both internal and external stakeholders. Such innovation improves the end users' experience, as the latter participate in the coproduction of their own care.

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The role of social intrapreneurship and serious games in generating social innovation in the healthcare sector10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0208International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-11-17© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedInsaf KhelladiSylvaine CastellanoEdouard Charles VinçotteInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-1710.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0208https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2022-0208/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Absorptive capacity in family firms: exploring the role of the CEOhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0123/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestAbsorptive capacity (AC), the ability to leverage external knowledge for innovation, helps explain the mixed findings on family firms' (FFs) innovation performance. Our research focuses on the chief executive officer (CEO)’s role – whether family or non-family and founding or later generation – in influencing AC. We also explore how firm size and environmental dynamism affect these relationships, offering insights into varying AC levels among FFs. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models were estimated to test the hypotheses using a sample of 364 FFs in Spain. FFs’ AC is greater when the CEO is a family member, and even more so when the family CEO belongs to the founding family generation. While AC diminishes in larger FFs, this effect is mitigated when the CEO is a family member. The predicted moderating effect of environmental dynamics is not supported by the analyses. This paper adds insights about the drivers of heterogeneity in innovation among FFs, addressing recent calls for more nuanced views of how family members drive the strategic behavior of the business and incorporating considerations of different types of FFs based on the identity of the firm CEO. The results overall support the theoretical claims and also open up important questions for future studies.Absorptive capacity in family firms: exploring the role of the CEO
Lucía Garcés-Galdeano, Josip Kotlar, Ana Lucía Caicedo-Leitón, Martín Larraza-Kintana, Federico Frattini
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Absorptive capacity (AC), the ability to leverage external knowledge for innovation, helps explain the mixed findings on family firms' (FFs) innovation performance. Our research focuses on the chief executive officer (CEO)’s role – whether family or non-family and founding or later generation – in influencing AC. We also explore how firm size and environmental dynamism affect these relationships, offering insights into varying AC levels among FFs.

Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models were estimated to test the hypotheses using a sample of 364 FFs in Spain.

FFs’ AC is greater when the CEO is a family member, and even more so when the family CEO belongs to the founding family generation. While AC diminishes in larger FFs, this effect is mitigated when the CEO is a family member. The predicted moderating effect of environmental dynamics is not supported by the analyses.

This paper adds insights about the drivers of heterogeneity in innovation among FFs, addressing recent calls for more nuanced views of how family members drive the strategic behavior of the business and incorporating considerations of different types of FFs based on the identity of the firm CEO. The results overall support the theoretical claims and also open up important questions for future studies.

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Absorptive capacity in family firms: exploring the role of the CEO10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0123International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-27© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedLucía Garcés-GaldeanoJosip KotlarAna Lucía Caicedo-LeitónMartín Larraza-KintanaFederico FrattiniInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-2710.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0123https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0123/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Stand-alone or run together: artificial intelligence as an enabler for other technologieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0169/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to examine the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in transforming the healthcare sector, with a focus on how AI contributes to entrepreneurship and value creation. This study also aims to explore the potential of combining AI with other technologies, such as cloud computing, blockchain, IoMT, additive manufacturing and 5G, in the healthcare industry. Exploratory qualitative methodology was chosen to analyze 22 case studies from the USA, EU, Asia and South America. The data source was public and specialized podcast platforms. The findings show that combining technologies can create a competitive advantage for technology entrepreneurs and bring about transitions from simple consumer devices to actionable healthcare applications. The results of this research identified three main entrepreneurship areas: 1. Analytics, including staff reduction, patient prediction and decision support; 2. Security, including protection against cyberattacks and detection of atypical cases; 3. Performance optimization, which, in addition to reducing the time and costs of medical procedures, includes staff training, reducing capital costs and working with new markets. This study demonstrates how AI can be used with other technologies to cocreate value in the healthcare industry. This study provides a conceptual framework, “AI facilitators – AI achievers,” based on the findings and offer several theoretical contributions to academic literature in technology entrepreneurship and technology management and industry recommendations for practical implication.Stand-alone or run together: artificial intelligence as an enabler for other technologies
Ignat Kulkov, Julia Kulkova, Daniele Leone, René Rohrbeck, Loick Menvielle
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in transforming the healthcare sector, with a focus on how AI contributes to entrepreneurship and value creation. This study also aims to explore the potential of combining AI with other technologies, such as cloud computing, blockchain, IoMT, additive manufacturing and 5G, in the healthcare industry.

Exploratory qualitative methodology was chosen to analyze 22 case studies from the USA, EU, Asia and South America. The data source was public and specialized podcast platforms.

The findings show that combining technologies can create a competitive advantage for technology entrepreneurs and bring about transitions from simple consumer devices to actionable healthcare applications. The results of this research identified three main entrepreneurship areas: 1. Analytics, including staff reduction, patient prediction and decision support; 2. Security, including protection against cyberattacks and detection of atypical cases; 3. Performance optimization, which, in addition to reducing the time and costs of medical procedures, includes staff training, reducing capital costs and working with new markets.

This study demonstrates how AI can be used with other technologies to cocreate value in the healthcare industry. This study provides a conceptual framework, “AI facilitators – AI achievers,” based on the findings and offer several theoretical contributions to academic literature in technology entrepreneurship and technology management and industry recommendations for practical implication.

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Stand-alone or run together: artificial intelligence as an enabler for other technologies10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0169International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-12-04© 2023 Ignat Kulkov, Julia Kulkova, Daniele Leone, René Rohrbeck and Loick MenvielleIgnat KulkovJulia KulkovaDaniele LeoneRené RohrbeckLoick MenvielleInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-12-0410.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0169https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0169/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Ignat Kulkov, Julia Kulkova, Daniele Leone, René Rohrbeck and Loick Menviellehttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Times of crisis and new entrepreneurial opportunities in highly regulated environments: the case of mRNA-biotechs during COVID-19 pandemichttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0196/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestCrises, such as COVID-19 pandemic, are critical events that provoke important changes in organizational practices, regulations and actors' roles. The pharmaceutical sector has been strongly affected because of the urgency to produce drugs that are effective and safe. However, the validation process and regulations are historically restrictive in this sector. This study aims to study how biotechnology firms, small companies lacking resources, have undertaken strategic actions during crisis time to induce important changes to their advantage within such a highly regulated environment. Interviews were conducted with 21 managers in four mRNA-based biotechnology firms. Results showed that rhetorical strategies and institutional actions are used in order to manage change opportunities. Media attention, greater openness of state agencies and public willingness to accept new ways of treatment illustrated this opportunity of change in favor of biotechnology firms. Highly regulated environments tend to be unfavorable to smaller firms with limited resources to overcome these constraints. The authors show that times of crisis can reverse this assumption through the provision of new opportunities as long as the smaller firms skillfully use strategic actions to exploit the institutional changes at play.Times of crisis and new entrepreneurial opportunities in highly regulated environments: the case of mRNA-biotechs during COVID-19 pandemic
Yann Truong, Yosr Ben Tahar
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Crises, such as COVID-19 pandemic, are critical events that provoke important changes in organizational practices, regulations and actors' roles. The pharmaceutical sector has been strongly affected because of the urgency to produce drugs that are effective and safe. However, the validation process and regulations are historically restrictive in this sector. This study aims to study how biotechnology firms, small companies lacking resources, have undertaken strategic actions during crisis time to induce important changes to their advantage within such a highly regulated environment.

Interviews were conducted with 21 managers in four mRNA-based biotechnology firms.

Results showed that rhetorical strategies and institutional actions are used in order to manage change opportunities. Media attention, greater openness of state agencies and public willingness to accept new ways of treatment illustrated this opportunity of change in favor of biotechnology firms.

Highly regulated environments tend to be unfavorable to smaller firms with limited resources to overcome these constraints. The authors show that times of crisis can reverse this assumption through the provision of new opportunities as long as the smaller firms skillfully use strategic actions to exploit the institutional changes at play.

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Times of crisis and new entrepreneurial opportunities in highly regulated environments: the case of mRNA-biotechs during COVID-19 pandemic10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0196International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-11-01© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedYann TruongYosr Ben TaharInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-0110.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0196https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0196/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Healthcare entrepreneurship: current trends and future directionshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0197/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe goal of this article is to provide an overview of healthcare entrepreneurship, both in terms of its current trends and future directions. The article engages in a systematic review of extant research on healthcare entrepreneurship using the scientific procedures and rationales for systematic literature reviews (SPAR-4-SLR) as the review protocol and bibliometrics or scientometrics analysis as the review method. Healthcare entrepreneurship research has fared reasonably well in terms of publication productivity and impact, with diverse contributions coming from authors, institutions and countries, as well as a range of monetary and non-monetary support from funders and journals. The (eight) major themes of healthcare entrepreneurship research revolve around innovation and leadership, disruption and technology, entrepreneurship models, education and empowerment, systems and services, orientations and opportunities, choices and freedom and policy and impact. The article establishes healthcare entrepreneurship as a promising field of academic research and professional practice that leverages the power of entrepreneurship to advance the state of healthcare. The article offers a seminal state of the art of healthcare entrepreneurship research.Healthcare entrepreneurship: current trends and future directions
Weng Marc Lim, Maria Vincenza Ciasullo, Octavio Escobar, Satish Kumar
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The goal of this article is to provide an overview of healthcare entrepreneurship, both in terms of its current trends and future directions.

The article engages in a systematic review of extant research on healthcare entrepreneurship using the scientific procedures and rationales for systematic literature reviews (SPAR-4-SLR) as the review protocol and bibliometrics or scientometrics analysis as the review method.

Healthcare entrepreneurship research has fared reasonably well in terms of publication productivity and impact, with diverse contributions coming from authors, institutions and countries, as well as a range of monetary and non-monetary support from funders and journals. The (eight) major themes of healthcare entrepreneurship research revolve around innovation and leadership, disruption and technology, entrepreneurship models, education and empowerment, systems and services, orientations and opportunities, choices and freedom and policy and impact.

The article establishes healthcare entrepreneurship as a promising field of academic research and professional practice that leverages the power of entrepreneurship to advance the state of healthcare.

The article offers a seminal state of the art of healthcare entrepreneurship research.

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Healthcare entrepreneurship: current trends and future directions10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0197International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-09© 2024 Weng Marc Lim, Maria Vincenza Ciasullo, Octavio Escobar, Satish KumarWeng Marc LimMaria Vincenza CiasulloOctavio EscobarSatish KumarInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-0910.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0197https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0197/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Weng Marc Lim, Maria Vincenza Ciasullo, Octavio Escobar, Satish Kumarhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
The role of marketing agility and risk propensity in resilience and survival of eastern European immigrant entrepreneurs in Denmarkhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0214/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestWhile extant research has increasingly examined minority entrepreneurs, less attention has been paid to Eastern European immigrant entrepreneurs and the role that marketing agility and risk propensity play in their resilience and survival in Nordic countries. This paper aims to highlight the importance of these factors for Eastern European immigrant entrepreneurs in the developed Nordic economy of Denmark. This paper adopts the dynamic capabilities view as a theoretical framework and uses a qualitative research approach with interviews as the main data collection method. The empirical sample comprises 12 entrepreneurs originating from Hungary, Slovakia, Latvia, Lithuania and Romania, who operate in Denmark. The findings show that contrary to prior studies that have highlighted a reliance among the migrant entrepreneurial community on ethnic networks as their dominant target market, Eastern European immigrant entrepreneurs located in Denmark, in contrast, focused on attracting Danish consumers as their target market audience. Leveraging multiple networks was therefore found to be critical to the survival of these immigrant ventures. Additionally, the entrepreneurs' marketing agility, underpinned by their optimistic approach, growth ambitions and passion for entrepreneurship, was found to play a pivotal role in their survival. Finally, despite the stable institutional environment in Denmark and the ease of doing business (both of which are influential factors in shaping the risk propensity and risk perception of entrepreneurs), the authors found immigrant entrepreneurs' risk propensity to be rather low, which was contrary to the expectations. The current paper is one of the first studies that explicitly analyzes the roles of marketing agility and risk propensity in the resilience and survival of the ventures of relatively skilled immigrant entrepreneurs from Eastern Europe in a developed Nordic economy (Denmark). The paper's findings also challenge the notion associated with immigrant entrepreneurial ventures being primarily focused on ethnic customers or enclaves. The paper also specifies the peculiarities of marketing agility in immigrant entrepreneurial contexts and solidifies the importance of diverse networks in immigrant business survival and development.The role of marketing agility and risk propensity in resilience and survival of eastern European immigrant entrepreneurs in Denmark
Ismail Golgeci, Ahmad Arslan, Veronika Kentosova, Deborah Callaghan, Vijay Pereira
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

While extant research has increasingly examined minority entrepreneurs, less attention has been paid to Eastern European immigrant entrepreneurs and the role that marketing agility and risk propensity play in their resilience and survival in Nordic countries. This paper aims to highlight the importance of these factors for Eastern European immigrant entrepreneurs in the developed Nordic economy of Denmark.

This paper adopts the dynamic capabilities view as a theoretical framework and uses a qualitative research approach with interviews as the main data collection method. The empirical sample comprises 12 entrepreneurs originating from Hungary, Slovakia, Latvia, Lithuania and Romania, who operate in Denmark.

The findings show that contrary to prior studies that have highlighted a reliance among the migrant entrepreneurial community on ethnic networks as their dominant target market, Eastern European immigrant entrepreneurs located in Denmark, in contrast, focused on attracting Danish consumers as their target market audience. Leveraging multiple networks was therefore found to be critical to the survival of these immigrant ventures. Additionally, the entrepreneurs' marketing agility, underpinned by their optimistic approach, growth ambitions and passion for entrepreneurship, was found to play a pivotal role in their survival. Finally, despite the stable institutional environment in Denmark and the ease of doing business (both of which are influential factors in shaping the risk propensity and risk perception of entrepreneurs), the authors found immigrant entrepreneurs' risk propensity to be rather low, which was contrary to the expectations.

The current paper is one of the first studies that explicitly analyzes the roles of marketing agility and risk propensity in the resilience and survival of the ventures of relatively skilled immigrant entrepreneurs from Eastern Europe in a developed Nordic economy (Denmark). The paper's findings also challenge the notion associated with immigrant entrepreneurial ventures being primarily focused on ethnic customers or enclaves. The paper also specifies the peculiarities of marketing agility in immigrant entrepreneurial contexts and solidifies the importance of diverse networks in immigrant business survival and development.

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The role of marketing agility and risk propensity in resilience and survival of eastern European immigrant entrepreneurs in Denmark10.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0214International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-01-06© 2022 Ismail Golgeci, Ahmad Arslan, Veronika Kentosova, Deborah Callaghan and Vijay PereiraIsmail GolgeciAhmad ArslanVeronika KentosovaDeborah CallaghanVijay PereiraInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-01-0610.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0214https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0214/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Ismail Golgeci, Ahmad Arslan, Veronika Kentosova, Deborah Callaghan and Vijay Pereirahttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Board diversity as strategic choice and why it should matter to SMEshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0225/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDiversity in boards has gained attention as a reflection of societal imbalances. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of diversity in terms of both gender and nationality in management boards of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) on firm performance from an upper echelons perspective. The authors also examine how board-specific characteristics influence the structural makeup of boards in gender and nationality diversity terms. The authors focus on the UK because of its individualistic society and flexible labour market and assess 309 SMEs in the manufacturing industry over 2009–2019. A 3-stage least squares (3SLS) estimator is used to analyse the data, the Shannon index to measure board diversity, return on assets as proxy for firm performance, and owner-manager presence, board member age and tenure are the board-specific characteristics of primary interest. Both gender and nationality diversity contribute to firm performance and represent distinct upper echelon characteristics that change the cognitive and psychological dynamics of boards. Firms with larger boards do not perform better, but diverse boards reduce the narrowing view of CEOs. Yet the presence of owner-managers, despite their performance-enhancing contribution, holds firms back from benefitting from diversity as a strategic choice. This study extends the upper echelons theory to include board diversity as an important aspect that should become more central in upper echelon thinking when understanding firm performance. The authors’ findings suggest that theoretical developments in search of understanding firm behaviour must proceed by accounting for diversity and not simply focusing on decision-making styles.Board diversity as strategic choice and why it should matter to SMEs
Elmar Puntaier, Tingting Zhu, Paul Hughes
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Diversity in boards has gained attention as a reflection of societal imbalances. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of diversity in terms of both gender and nationality in management boards of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) on firm performance from an upper echelons perspective. The authors also examine how board-specific characteristics influence the structural makeup of boards in gender and nationality diversity terms.

The authors focus on the UK because of its individualistic society and flexible labour market and assess 309 SMEs in the manufacturing industry over 2009–2019. A 3-stage least squares (3SLS) estimator is used to analyse the data, the Shannon index to measure board diversity, return on assets as proxy for firm performance, and owner-manager presence, board member age and tenure are the board-specific characteristics of primary interest.

Both gender and nationality diversity contribute to firm performance and represent distinct upper echelon characteristics that change the cognitive and psychological dynamics of boards. Firms with larger boards do not perform better, but diverse boards reduce the narrowing view of CEOs. Yet the presence of owner-managers, despite their performance-enhancing contribution, holds firms back from benefitting from diversity as a strategic choice.

This study extends the upper echelons theory to include board diversity as an important aspect that should become more central in upper echelon thinking when understanding firm performance. The authors’ findings suggest that theoretical developments in search of understanding firm behaviour must proceed by accounting for diversity and not simply focusing on decision-making styles.

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Board diversity as strategic choice and why it should matter to SMEs10.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0225International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2022-12-06© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedElmar PuntaierTingting ZhuPaul HughesInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-0610.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0225https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0225/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Antecedents and consequences of open innovation: a conceptual frameworkhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0235/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestEntrepreneurship across sectors has been impacted by the paradigm of open innovation in the last few decades. Although Open Innovation is argued to impact firm performance the strategic building blocks of open innovation are not discussed in the prior literature. This study aims to conceptualize open innovation and identify the antecedents and outcomes of open innovation. Using a qualitative study based on open-ended essays solicited from 47 SMEs and startups based out in Europe and the USA, the authors propose an overarching conceptual framework using a theoretical sampling approach adopted to establish data saturation and data analysis was carried out using thematic coding. Market place evidence was used for triangulation of the authors’ research framework and to establish the validity of the constructs. Building on the entrepreneurial bricolage theory, this study proposes bricolage and Platformization of innovations as antecedents to open innovation. The study also conceptualizes open innovation by identifying three underlying dimensions for open innovation. Next, the study proposes a positive association between open innovation and firm performance. Finally, the authors discuss relevant implications with future research directions of the study. The practical implication is the development of a sustained competitive advantage enhancing framework for entrepreneurial ventures with the help of open innovation. With the application of the developed framework for the entrepreneurial ventures, a set of strategic activities related to open innovation can be proposed that would help these ventures to enhance their innovation and marketing capabilities, thereby helping them with a sustained competitive advantage. The present study would also help the policymakers to frame policies that help the firms with a shift toward open innovation.Antecedents and consequences of open innovation: a conceptual framework
Suresh Malodia, Chetna Chauhan, Fauzia Jabeen, Amandeep Dhir
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Entrepreneurship across sectors has been impacted by the paradigm of open innovation in the last few decades. Although Open Innovation is argued to impact firm performance the strategic building blocks of open innovation are not discussed in the prior literature. This study aims to conceptualize open innovation and identify the antecedents and outcomes of open innovation.

Using a qualitative study based on open-ended essays solicited from 47 SMEs and startups based out in Europe and the USA, the authors propose an overarching conceptual framework using a theoretical sampling approach adopted to establish data saturation and data analysis was carried out using thematic coding. Market place evidence was used for triangulation of the authors’ research framework and to establish the validity of the constructs.

Building on the entrepreneurial bricolage theory, this study proposes bricolage and Platformization of innovations as antecedents to open innovation. The study also conceptualizes open innovation by identifying three underlying dimensions for open innovation. Next, the study proposes a positive association between open innovation and firm performance. Finally, the authors discuss relevant implications with future research directions of the study.

The practical implication is the development of a sustained competitive advantage enhancing framework for entrepreneurial ventures with the help of open innovation.

With the application of the developed framework for the entrepreneurial ventures, a set of strategic activities related to open innovation can be proposed that would help these ventures to enhance their innovation and marketing capabilities, thereby helping them with a sustained competitive advantage. The present study would also help the policymakers to frame policies that help the firms with a shift toward open innovation.

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Antecedents and consequences of open innovation: a conceptual framework10.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0235International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-04-18© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedSuresh MalodiaChetna ChauhanFauzia JabeenAmandeep DhirInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-04-1810.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0235https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-03-2022-0235/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Ideas for bridging the academic-policy divide at the nexus of gender and entrepreneurshiphttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-03-2023-0267/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestInspired by the “responsibility turn” in the broader organization/management literature, the overarching aim of this article is to help scholars working at the gender × entrepreneurship intersection produce research with a higher likelihood of being accessed, appreciated and acted upon by policy- practitioners. Consistent with this aim, we hope that our paper contributes to an increased use of academic-practitioner collaborations as a means of producing such research. We selected Cunliffe and Pavlovich’s (2022) recently formulated “public organization/management studies” (public OMS) approach as our guiding methodology. We implemented this approach by forming a co-authorship team comprised of a policy professional and an entrepreneurship scholar and then engaging in a democratic, collaborative and mutually respectful process of knowledge cogeneration. Our paper is comprised of four distinct sets of ideas. We start by describing who policy-practitioners are and what they want from academic research in general. We follow this with a comprehensive set of priorities for policy-oriented research at the gender × entrepreneurship nexus, accompanied by references to academic studies that offer initial insight into the identified priorities. We then offer suggestions for the separate and joint actions that scholars and policy-practitioners can take to increase policy-relevant research on gender and entrepreneurship. We end with a description and critical reflection on our application of the public OMS approach. The ideas presented in our article offer an original response to recent work that has critiqued the policy implications (or lack thereof) within prior research at the gender × entrepreneurship nexus (Foss et al., 2019). Our ideas also complement and extend existing recommendations for strengthening the practical contributions of academic scholarship at this intersection (Nelson, 2020). An especially unique aspect is our description of – and critical reflection upon – how we applied the public OMS approach to bridge the academic-policy divide.Ideas for bridging the academic-policy divide at the nexus of gender and entrepreneurship
Jessica Carlson, Jennifer Jennings
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Inspired by the “responsibility turn” in the broader organization/management literature, the overarching aim of this article is to help scholars working at the gender × entrepreneurship intersection produce research with a higher likelihood of being accessed, appreciated and acted upon by policy- practitioners. Consistent with this aim, we hope that our paper contributes to an increased use of academic-practitioner collaborations as a means of producing such research.

We selected Cunliffe and Pavlovich’s (2022) recently formulated “public organization/management studies” (public OMS) approach as our guiding methodology. We implemented this approach by forming a co-authorship team comprised of a policy professional and an entrepreneurship scholar and then engaging in a democratic, collaborative and mutually respectful process of knowledge cogeneration.

Our paper is comprised of four distinct sets of ideas. We start by describing who policy-practitioners are and what they want from academic research in general. We follow this with a comprehensive set of priorities for policy-oriented research at the gender × entrepreneurship nexus, accompanied by references to academic studies that offer initial insight into the identified priorities. We then offer suggestions for the separate and joint actions that scholars and policy-practitioners can take to increase policy-relevant research on gender and entrepreneurship. We end with a description and critical reflection on our application of the public OMS approach.

The ideas presented in our article offer an original response to recent work that has critiqued the policy implications (or lack thereof) within prior research at the gender × entrepreneurship nexus (Foss et al., 2019). Our ideas also complement and extend existing recommendations for strengthening the practical contributions of academic scholarship at this intersection (Nelson, 2020). An especially unique aspect is our description of – and critical reflection upon – how we applied the public OMS approach to bridge the academic-policy divide.

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Ideas for bridging the academic-policy divide at the nexus of gender and entrepreneurship10.1108/IJEBR-03-2023-0267International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-27© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedJessica CarlsonJennifer JenningsInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-2710.1108/IJEBR-03-2023-0267https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-03-2023-0267/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Women, polygamy and family entrepreneuring in southwest Benin: the role of endogenous knowledgehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2021-0237/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestAs families engage in entrepreneurship, particularly in developing economies, women's engagement in such activities is subject to the traditional cultures, norms and values of the communities to which they belong. This paper aims to investigate how the socio-cultural context influences women's entrepreneurship as women engage in “family entrepreneuring”. The study draws on an inductive qualitative approach to explore how multiple cultural, social and economic contexts encourage women's entrepreneurship and, thus, position them at the centre of family entrepreneuring within this community. Using snowballing techniques, we analyse narratives from 51 women entrepreneurs, generated through semi-structured interviews, to reveal key insights into the practice of family entrepreneuring. The findings reveal the complex socio-cultural context within the “Adja” community, where polygamy, a traditional and cultural practice, enables the transfer of culturally and socially embedded informal knowledge. The study explains how women's entrepreneuring activities are supported by informal in-family apprenticeships, resulting in family members learning specific skills while also experiencing the feeling of belonging to the family. Showcasing the heterogeneity of contexts, particularly those found in Africa, this study challenges the normative view within the Global North and the dominance of the “heroic male” in entrepreneurship by showcasing how women (especially matriarchs) are significant actors in training other women, co-wives, daughters and relatives in family entrepreneuring. Thus, this study contributes to the extant literature on family entrepreneuring by revealing an unusual case of women from polygamous families becoming the focal actors in family entrepreneuring activity and challenging the culturally ascribed gender roles to evolve into the breadwinners in their households, as well as focusing on how this process is driven by endogenous knowledge exchange.Women, polygamy and family entrepreneuring in southwest Benin: the role of endogenous knowledge
Bienvenu Akowedaho Dagoudo, Natalia Vershinina, William Karani Murithi
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

As families engage in entrepreneurship, particularly in developing economies, women's engagement in such activities is subject to the traditional cultures, norms and values of the communities to which they belong. This paper aims to investigate how the socio-cultural context influences women's entrepreneurship as women engage in “family entrepreneuring”.

The study draws on an inductive qualitative approach to explore how multiple cultural, social and economic contexts encourage women's entrepreneurship and, thus, position them at the centre of family entrepreneuring within this community. Using snowballing techniques, we analyse narratives from 51 women entrepreneurs, generated through semi-structured interviews, to reveal key insights into the practice of family entrepreneuring.

The findings reveal the complex socio-cultural context within the “Adja” community, where polygamy, a traditional and cultural practice, enables the transfer of culturally and socially embedded informal knowledge. The study explains how women's entrepreneuring activities are supported by informal in-family apprenticeships, resulting in family members learning specific skills while also experiencing the feeling of belonging to the family. Showcasing the heterogeneity of contexts, particularly those found in Africa, this study challenges the normative view within the Global North and the dominance of the “heroic male” in entrepreneurship by showcasing how women (especially matriarchs) are significant actors in training other women, co-wives, daughters and relatives in family entrepreneuring.

Thus, this study contributes to the extant literature on family entrepreneuring by revealing an unusual case of women from polygamous families becoming the focal actors in family entrepreneuring activity and challenging the culturally ascribed gender roles to evolve into the breadwinners in their households, as well as focusing on how this process is driven by endogenous knowledge exchange.

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Women, polygamy and family entrepreneuring in southwest Benin: the role of endogenous knowledge10.1108/IJEBR-04-2021-0237International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-02-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedBienvenu Akowedaho DagoudoNatalia VershininaWilliam Karani MurithiInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-2810.1108/IJEBR-04-2021-0237https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2021-0237/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
L’instant Taittinger: a champagne family house in its chronotopehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2021-0261/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of the paper is to describe the attempt of a family champagne house to redefine its business organization as a family in a large family of families. This choice involves defining their activities as entrepreneuring in a specific time and space that all actors experience as their sensible reality. To describe the whole process, the authors call this ensemble a “chronotope,” including the same space and time as part of a common story. The authors assess this narrative strategy in reference to both past conflict in the champagne business and to the present crisis caused by the pandemic in addition to a series of social, economic and environmental changes in the environment. The design of the paper corresponds to the case of a champagne family house in its environment with a longitudinal, processual approach of the family business venture before and especially after its sale and buyback by the family. The authors use Bakhtin to insist on the fictional nature of the account of most events as most protagonists adopt different perspectives. The Taittinger family, at the head of the trade house, creates a story that fits in all these perspectives and makes sense to overcome key issues in the business. Our findings illustrate the role of the chronotope as a way to broaden the scope of inter- and intra-family relations. This concept also shows the importance of shared experiences, stories and crafted practices to sustain collective work and the meaning associated with the result of this work, in this case, champagne wine. The authors also show the different styles of chronotopes and their role in binding together actors in relation to the transformation of their activities. The research limitations are of two kinds. The first limitation comes from the choice to focus on the Taittinger family house, as it tends to focus the analysis on their point of view. The second limitation is due to the persistence of the pandemic situation that makes it difficult to test the chronotope idea as it is quite recent. Because of the current pandemic, it is complicated to anticipate what the future could look like and therefore, to imagine the future dimension of the chronotope. To overcome this limit, the authors suggest different scenario that leaves open different possibilities. The practical implications of this paper could be to see how family business entrepreneurs may benefit from designing their strategy as a rich personal fiction in reference to a chronotope instead of referring to storytelling, communication and brand management or even competition strictly speaking. In turbulent times and to face grand challenges, long-term collaborations require stronger ties and imagination without leaving out emotions. Yet the entrepreneurs may become a victim of their own fictions if stakeholders perceive contradictions or if they were to dislike the new episodes the family invents. The social implications of this case study show the role of business relations built on fiction reflecting strong ties and shared processes such as entrepreneuring in the world of heritage goods where sustainability and endurance matter. This perspective insists on a shared story and it contrasts with more discontinued approaches based on disruptive innovation, opportunism and competitiveness in turbulent times. The chronotope does not ineluctably evolve in different ways, making actors’ perspective shrink, expand or exile. Family entrepreneuring may actively influence this transformation and they may also be framed by it. The originality of the paper comes from the description of a family business in its environment as a chronotope. Reflecting how related actors in a business field like champagne co-construct a representation, the authors looked for a concept that would accurately reflect this vision, researchers chose the concept of “chronotope,” borrowing from narrative approaches. This approach is transdisciplinary. It is also an attempt to bring researchers at work closer to what actors in the field experiment with and find inspiration in.L’instant Taittinger: a champagne family house in its chronotope
Elen Riot, Emmanuelle Rigaud, Ilenia Bua
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of the paper is to describe the attempt of a family champagne house to redefine its business organization as a family in a large family of families. This choice involves defining their activities as entrepreneuring in a specific time and space that all actors experience as their sensible reality. To describe the whole process, the authors call this ensemble a “chronotope,” including the same space and time as part of a common story. The authors assess this narrative strategy in reference to both past conflict in the champagne business and to the present crisis caused by the pandemic in addition to a series of social, economic and environmental changes in the environment.

The design of the paper corresponds to the case of a champagne family house in its environment with a longitudinal, processual approach of the family business venture before and especially after its sale and buyback by the family. The authors use Bakhtin to insist on the fictional nature of the account of most events as most protagonists adopt different perspectives. The Taittinger family, at the head of the trade house, creates a story that fits in all these perspectives and makes sense to overcome key issues in the business.

Our findings illustrate the role of the chronotope as a way to broaden the scope of inter- and intra-family relations. This concept also shows the importance of shared experiences, stories and crafted practices to sustain collective work and the meaning associated with the result of this work, in this case, champagne wine. The authors also show the different styles of chronotopes and their role in binding together actors in relation to the transformation of their activities.

The research limitations are of two kinds. The first limitation comes from the choice to focus on the Taittinger family house, as it tends to focus the analysis on their point of view. The second limitation is due to the persistence of the pandemic situation that makes it difficult to test the chronotope idea as it is quite recent. Because of the current pandemic, it is complicated to anticipate what the future could look like and therefore, to imagine the future dimension of the chronotope. To overcome this limit, the authors suggest different scenario that leaves open different possibilities.

The practical implications of this paper could be to see how family business entrepreneurs may benefit from designing their strategy as a rich personal fiction in reference to a chronotope instead of referring to storytelling, communication and brand management or even competition strictly speaking. In turbulent times and to face grand challenges, long-term collaborations require stronger ties and imagination without leaving out emotions. Yet the entrepreneurs may become a victim of their own fictions if stakeholders perceive contradictions or if they were to dislike the new episodes the family invents.

The social implications of this case study show the role of business relations built on fiction reflecting strong ties and shared processes such as entrepreneuring in the world of heritage goods where sustainability and endurance matter. This perspective insists on a shared story and it contrasts with more discontinued approaches based on disruptive innovation, opportunism and competitiveness in turbulent times. The chronotope does not ineluctably evolve in different ways, making actors’ perspective shrink, expand or exile. Family entrepreneuring may actively influence this transformation and they may also be framed by it.

The originality of the paper comes from the description of a family business in its environment as a chronotope. Reflecting how related actors in a business field like champagne co-construct a representation, the authors looked for a concept that would accurately reflect this vision, researchers chose the concept of “chronotope,” borrowing from narrative approaches. This approach is transdisciplinary. It is also an attempt to bring researchers at work closer to what actors in the field experiment with and find inspiration in.

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L’instant Taittinger: a champagne family house in its chronotope10.1108/IJEBR-04-2021-0261International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-06-23© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedElen RiotEmmanuelle RigaudIlenia BuaInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-06-2310.1108/IJEBR-04-2021-0261https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2021-0261/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Entrepreneuring and family firms cofounders' familiness at work through rhetoric appealshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2021-0271/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research objective was to explore how Romanian IT family businesses' co-founders enable entrepreneuring through familiness practices. The authors explored what familiness practices emerge and how these are facilitated and supported by the rhetoric framework. Drawing on Romanian IT entrepreneurs' practice from five case studies of IT family businesses and purposive revelatory cases, the authors considered the family co-founders' narratives and representations of familiness presented in 31 interviews. The respondents' communication in entrepreneuring is a joint collaborative effort of the family co-founders to function well. Family entrepreneurs generate positive perceptions in favour of enterprising families using persuasive communication via rhetoric appeals to familiness ethos, familiness logos and familiness pathos, leading to constructive conflict management. The rhetoric of persuasion supports family entrepreneuring. The authors conducted multiple case studies, profiling technological co-founders and family entrepreneurs in the challenging circumstances of an emerging economy. The analysis of the use of rhetoric contributes to a better understanding of familiness practices in the family business. Through appeals to ethos, family business entrepreneurs enforce family values built on shared history, complementarity and moral exemplarity. The appeals to logos in entrepreneuring involve fulfilling complementary roles, alignment and continuous learning and coaching. The appeals to pathos are about emotions and how the family entrepreneurs' discourse enforces constructive handling of emotions. The perceived familiness communicated through appeals to ethos, logos and pathos contributes to legitimating the family firm structures. Theorising from family entrepreneurs' familiness practices, the authors suggest that entrepreneuring requires good communication of the representation of familiness for co-founders, employees and other stakeholders to also serve constructive conflict handling. The perceived familiness communicated through appeals to ethos, logos and pathos helps family businesses leverage their unique strengths and resources in the entrepreneuring process.Entrepreneuring and family firms cofounders' familiness at work through rhetoric appeals
Alistair Anderson, Anca Maria Clipa, Albrecht Fritzsche, Catalin Ioan Clipa, Daniela Tatiana Agheorghiesei
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research objective was to explore how Romanian IT family businesses' co-founders enable entrepreneuring through familiness practices. The authors explored what familiness practices emerge and how these are facilitated and supported by the rhetoric framework.

Drawing on Romanian IT entrepreneurs' practice from five case studies of IT family businesses and purposive revelatory cases, the authors considered the family co-founders' narratives and representations of familiness presented in 31 interviews.

The respondents' communication in entrepreneuring is a joint collaborative effort of the family co-founders to function well. Family entrepreneurs generate positive perceptions in favour of enterprising families using persuasive communication via rhetoric appeals to familiness ethos, familiness logos and familiness pathos, leading to constructive conflict management. The rhetoric of persuasion supports family entrepreneuring.

The authors conducted multiple case studies, profiling technological co-founders and family entrepreneurs in the challenging circumstances of an emerging economy.

The analysis of the use of rhetoric contributes to a better understanding of familiness practices in the family business. Through appeals to ethos, family business entrepreneurs enforce family values built on shared history, complementarity and moral exemplarity. The appeals to logos in entrepreneuring involve fulfilling complementary roles, alignment and continuous learning and coaching. The appeals to pathos are about emotions and how the family entrepreneurs' discourse enforces constructive handling of emotions.

The perceived familiness communicated through appeals to ethos, logos and pathos contributes to legitimating the family firm structures.

Theorising from family entrepreneurs' familiness practices, the authors suggest that entrepreneuring requires good communication of the representation of familiness for co-founders, employees and other stakeholders to also serve constructive conflict handling. The perceived familiness communicated through appeals to ethos, logos and pathos helps family businesses leverage their unique strengths and resources in the entrepreneuring process.

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Entrepreneuring and family firms cofounders' familiness at work through rhetoric appeals10.1108/IJEBR-04-2021-0271International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-06-09© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAlistair AndersonAnca Maria ClipaAlbrecht FritzscheCatalin Ioan ClipaDaniela Tatiana AgheorghieseiInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-06-0910.1108/IJEBR-04-2021-0271https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2021-0271/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Entrepreneurial orientation, proactive market orientation and society: evidence from public service organizations in Brazilhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2022-0337/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestPublic service organizations (PSOs) face a critical dilemma: how to generate more value for society but with a much-reduced resource base. The article advances the strategy axis of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) research by examining EO and proactive market orientation (PMO) as joint-strategic approaches to this end, and how the characteristics of public managers may moderate the paths to value creation. The article draws on a unique survey-based dataset developed from Brazilian PSOs and employs structural equation modelling for hypotheses testing. Post-hoc analysis, by way of analysis of variance, demonstrates the joint impact of the two strategic approaches on public service performance level. Entrepreneurial and PMOs are revealed as routes to enhanced service performance, but managers’ domain expertise negatively moderates these relationships. Post-hoc analysis reveals how organizations displaying higher levels of both orientations realize superior performance, relative to those favouring either/or. The study contributes new evidence for EO model specificity by examining a narrowly bounded sample of PSOs; addresses the neglect of other outcome variables beyond traditional performance, showing the value of EO for society and offers new insights to the managerial conditions that moderate the positive synergies between EO, PMO and service performance.Entrepreneurial orientation, proactive market orientation and society: evidence from public service organizations in Brazil
Ian R. Hodgkinson, Paul Hughes, Higor Leite, Younggeun Lee
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Public service organizations (PSOs) face a critical dilemma: how to generate more value for society but with a much-reduced resource base. The article advances the strategy axis of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) research by examining EO and proactive market orientation (PMO) as joint-strategic approaches to this end, and how the characteristics of public managers may moderate the paths to value creation.

The article draws on a unique survey-based dataset developed from Brazilian PSOs and employs structural equation modelling for hypotheses testing. Post-hoc analysis, by way of analysis of variance, demonstrates the joint impact of the two strategic approaches on public service performance level.

Entrepreneurial and PMOs are revealed as routes to enhanced service performance, but managers’ domain expertise negatively moderates these relationships. Post-hoc analysis reveals how organizations displaying higher levels of both orientations realize superior performance, relative to those favouring either/or.

The study contributes new evidence for EO model specificity by examining a narrowly bounded sample of PSOs; addresses the neglect of other outcome variables beyond traditional performance, showing the value of EO for society and offers new insights to the managerial conditions that moderate the positive synergies between EO, PMO and service performance.

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Entrepreneurial orientation, proactive market orientation and society: evidence from public service organizations in Brazil10.1108/IJEBR-04-2022-0337International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-07-03© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedIan R. HodgkinsonPaul HughesHigor LeiteYounggeun LeeInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-07-0310.1108/IJEBR-04-2022-0337https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2022-0337/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Talk the walk: how corporate vision works for performancehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2022-0355/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe development of an effective corporate vision is a necessary issue for corporate performance, and it is a key issue for corporate sustainable development as well. The recognition of questions like “what is the role of corporate vision in corporate performance” is directly related to the attitude and practice of entrepreneurs and managers toward the development of corporate vision as well as the effectiveness of the corporate vision itself. To better answer the questions concerning the role of corporate vision development and effectively guide the practice of corporations, the authors study the pathways and mechanisms by which corporate visions operate to assist businesses in achieving high performance. The article completes the construction of indicators to measure each dimension of the corporate vision in line with social cognitive theory and analyzes the relationship between corporate vision and corporate performance by combining qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and necessary condition analysis (NCA) research methods. The article provides insights into the logic of constructing and adjusting corporate visions from a process perspective. The mechanisms by which corporate visions can be articulated, accepted and transformed within the organization are also the means by which corporate visions can improve corporate performance. In a dynamic environment, the corporate vision setting and acceptance process integrates the requirements of various stakeholders, leading to the adjustment and acceptance of the corporate vision. As a result, the vision has continuous validity in a changing environment. Both start-ups and non-start-ups can benefit from the guidance provided by a strong corporate vision in overcoming a variety of issues and obstacles to produce strong business performance. This is the first study that shows the relationship between corporate vision and corporate performance from a process perspective. The authors are interested in understanding which characteristics for building a corporate vision are more accepted by organizational members and, in turn, create high corporate performance. The authors also explore the conditions for corporate vision acceptance. This research has positive implications for shedding some light on the mechanisms by which corporate visions improve corporate performance.Talk the walk: how corporate vision works for performance
Ai Su, Xiaotong Cai, Xue-Song Liu, Xiang-Nan Tao, Lei Chen, Rui Wang
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The development of an effective corporate vision is a necessary issue for corporate performance, and it is a key issue for corporate sustainable development as well. The recognition of questions like “what is the role of corporate vision in corporate performance” is directly related to the attitude and practice of entrepreneurs and managers toward the development of corporate vision as well as the effectiveness of the corporate vision itself. To better answer the questions concerning the role of corporate vision development and effectively guide the practice of corporations, the authors study the pathways and mechanisms by which corporate visions operate to assist businesses in achieving high performance.

The article completes the construction of indicators to measure each dimension of the corporate vision in line with social cognitive theory and analyzes the relationship between corporate vision and corporate performance by combining qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and necessary condition analysis (NCA) research methods. The article provides insights into the logic of constructing and adjusting corporate visions from a process perspective.

The mechanisms by which corporate visions can be articulated, accepted and transformed within the organization are also the means by which corporate visions can improve corporate performance. In a dynamic environment, the corporate vision setting and acceptance process integrates the requirements of various stakeholders, leading to the adjustment and acceptance of the corporate vision. As a result, the vision has continuous validity in a changing environment. Both start-ups and non-start-ups can benefit from the guidance provided by a strong corporate vision in overcoming a variety of issues and obstacles to produce strong business performance.

This is the first study that shows the relationship between corporate vision and corporate performance from a process perspective. The authors are interested in understanding which characteristics for building a corporate vision are more accepted by organizational members and, in turn, create high corporate performance. The authors also explore the conditions for corporate vision acceptance. This research has positive implications for shedding some light on the mechanisms by which corporate visions improve corporate performance.

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Talk the walk: how corporate vision works for performance10.1108/IJEBR-04-2022-0355International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-10-10© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAi SuXiaotong CaiXue-Song LiuXiang-Nan TaoLei ChenRui WangInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-1010.1108/IJEBR-04-2022-0355https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2022-0355/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Time effect and shifted motivations in deprived areas: an overall perspective of entrepreneurial processhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2022-0381/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestWilliams and Williams (2012, 2017) find multiple entrepreneurial motivations are experienced by entrepreneurs in deprived areas at different points in time. Drawing on this prior work this study aims to explore how and why the shifted motivations evolve, as well as, what factors cause this change in deprived areas. The work draws upon temporal motivational theory (TMT) that considers the influence of individuals' needs in determining their time-sensitive motivation. Six semi-structured interviews with actual entrepreneurs are used to collect qualitative data from deprived areas of Nottingham, which is one of the most deprived cities in the UK. The study employs Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to consider each entrepreneurial endeavour as a unique journey to investigate the shifting of motivations. A polarization is found in terms of how entrepreneurial motivations evolve in deprived areas. In considering the first task-specific entrepreneurial motivation, time plays a role either in accumulating job dissatisfaction and increasing confidence led by accumulated experience, or in creating random chances that enable individuals to realize that they are able to use existing skills and experiences to start a business. Regarding the second task-specific entrepreneurial motivation when the business becomes more established, it is usually stimulated by increased confidence based on perceived progress. The use of self-help methods and downward comparison found in this study should be noted as they help to re-consider individuals' needs in deprived areas. This study produces a more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of the time effect on shifted motivation at different entrepreneurial phases in a deprived context, which contributes to enrich theoretical knowledge and raise policymakers' awareness of entrepreneurial motivations from these marginalized groups.Time effect and shifted motivations in deprived areas: an overall perspective of entrepreneurial process
Yuxi Zhao, Piers Thompson
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Williams and Williams (2012, 2017) find multiple entrepreneurial motivations are experienced by entrepreneurs in deprived areas at different points in time. Drawing on this prior work this study aims to explore how and why the shifted motivations evolve, as well as, what factors cause this change in deprived areas. The work draws upon temporal motivational theory (TMT) that considers the influence of individuals' needs in determining their time-sensitive motivation.

Six semi-structured interviews with actual entrepreneurs are used to collect qualitative data from deprived areas of Nottingham, which is one of the most deprived cities in the UK. The study employs Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to consider each entrepreneurial endeavour as a unique journey to investigate the shifting of motivations.

A polarization is found in terms of how entrepreneurial motivations evolve in deprived areas. In considering the first task-specific entrepreneurial motivation, time plays a role either in accumulating job dissatisfaction and increasing confidence led by accumulated experience, or in creating random chances that enable individuals to realize that they are able to use existing skills and experiences to start a business. Regarding the second task-specific entrepreneurial motivation when the business becomes more established, it is usually stimulated by increased confidence based on perceived progress. The use of self-help methods and downward comparison found in this study should be noted as they help to re-consider individuals' needs in deprived areas.

This study produces a more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of the time effect on shifted motivation at different entrepreneurial phases in a deprived context, which contributes to enrich theoretical knowledge and raise policymakers' awareness of entrepreneurial motivations from these marginalized groups.

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Time effect and shifted motivations in deprived areas: an overall perspective of entrepreneurial process10.1108/IJEBR-04-2022-0381International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-06-15© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedYuxi ZhaoPiers ThompsonInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-06-1510.1108/IJEBR-04-2022-0381https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2022-0381/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Does religiosity matter for entrepreneurs’ psychological well-being in conflict areas? Insights from Palestine and Libyahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0365/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestInformed by the concept of well-being in Islam and the eudaimonic view of psychological well-being (PWB), and drawing on resilience theory, this study aims to understand (1) the implications of residing in conflict areas for entrepreneurs’ PWB, (2) the barriers facing entrepreneurs in these areas and (3) the implications of their religiosity for their PWB. Utilizing an interpretative qualitative method, this study employed 22 entrepreneurs residing in conflict areas (Palestine and Libya). Thematic analysis was used to explore the participants’ experiences and insights. The findings show that living in conflict areas enhances certain components of entrepreneurs’ PWB, such as self-acceptance and having a purpose in life and diminishes other components of their PWB, including environmental mastery, personal growth, the presence of autonomy and positive relations with others. Additionally, the findings suggest that religiosity, viewed through an Islamic lens, positively contributes to entrepreneurs’ PWB and identify societal (macro level) barriers faced by entrepreneurs in these areas. The study is theoretically and contextually relevant and offers novel insights into the interplay between religion and well-being in conflict areas. It presents a reinvigorated awareness, opens specific research directions and permits the contextual applicability and possible extension of resilience theory.Does religiosity matter for entrepreneurs’ psychological well-being in conflict areas? Insights from Palestine and Libya
Tamer Koburtay, Zaid Alqhaiwi
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Informed by the concept of well-being in Islam and the eudaimonic view of psychological well-being (PWB), and drawing on resilience theory, this study aims to understand (1) the implications of residing in conflict areas for entrepreneurs’ PWB, (2) the barriers facing entrepreneurs in these areas and (3) the implications of their religiosity for their PWB.

Utilizing an interpretative qualitative method, this study employed 22 entrepreneurs residing in conflict areas (Palestine and Libya). Thematic analysis was used to explore the participants’ experiences and insights.

The findings show that living in conflict areas enhances certain components of entrepreneurs’ PWB, such as self-acceptance and having a purpose in life and diminishes other components of their PWB, including environmental mastery, personal growth, the presence of autonomy and positive relations with others. Additionally, the findings suggest that religiosity, viewed through an Islamic lens, positively contributes to entrepreneurs’ PWB and identify societal (macro level) barriers faced by entrepreneurs in these areas.

The study is theoretically and contextually relevant and offers novel insights into the interplay between religion and well-being in conflict areas. It presents a reinvigorated awareness, opens specific research directions and permits the contextual applicability and possible extension of resilience theory.

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Does religiosity matter for entrepreneurs’ psychological well-being in conflict areas? Insights from Palestine and Libya10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0365International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-20© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedTamer KoburtayZaid AlqhaiwiInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-2010.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0365https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0365/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
The meeting points of team entrepreneurial passion, transactive memory systems and team performance: examining mediation and necessity effectshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0383/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestTo support the advancement of an underrepresented category of research in the field of entrepreneurial teams, this study proposes and tests a novel empirical model that connects two team emergent states, namely team entrepreneurial passion (TEP) and transactive memory systems (TMSs), and their influence on team performance. The data were gathered using an online questionnaire distributed to undergraduate students who had formed entrepreneurial teams as part of a course assignment. Two methods were executed on the obtained data, namely partial least-square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and necessary condition analysis (NCA). The results uphold the hypothesised mediation role of TMSs between TEP and team performance. Of the two direct relations in the model, only the necessary conditions were present for the effect of TEP on TMSs. The issue of the small sample size, a common feature in entrepreneurial team research, as discussed in the methodical section of the paper, is sidestepped with the use of PLS-SEM tools. Nonetheless, a larger sample size could have increased confidence in the results' validity. In addition, a longitudinal approach to data collection and analysis could have been used to augment that confidence further. Three practical implications stem from the empirical findings. First, it lends support for implementing teaching approaches and task designs that are envisaged to improve team functioning in university classrooms. Making a business plan boosts students' desire to exploit the received knowledge and find a venture, so the teaching effort in entrepreneurship courses can have real-world consequences. By testing the mediation model, new insights are made into the associations between team emerging states and, subsequently, team performance. In addition, this study responds to recent calls in the literature to incorporate NCA in an entrepreneurial setting.The meeting points of team entrepreneurial passion, transactive memory systems and team performance: examining mediation and necessity effects
Tin Horvatinović, Mihaela Mikic, Marina Dabić
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

To support the advancement of an underrepresented category of research in the field of entrepreneurial teams, this study proposes and tests a novel empirical model that connects two team emergent states, namely team entrepreneurial passion (TEP) and transactive memory systems (TMSs), and their influence on team performance.

The data were gathered using an online questionnaire distributed to undergraduate students who had formed entrepreneurial teams as part of a course assignment. Two methods were executed on the obtained data, namely partial least-square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and necessary condition analysis (NCA).

The results uphold the hypothesised mediation role of TMSs between TEP and team performance. Of the two direct relations in the model, only the necessary conditions were present for the effect of TEP on TMSs.

The issue of the small sample size, a common feature in entrepreneurial team research, as discussed in the methodical section of the paper, is sidestepped with the use of PLS-SEM tools. Nonetheless, a larger sample size could have increased confidence in the results' validity. In addition, a longitudinal approach to data collection and analysis could have been used to augment that confidence further.

Three practical implications stem from the empirical findings. First, it lends support for implementing teaching approaches and task designs that are envisaged to improve team functioning in university classrooms. Making a business plan boosts students' desire to exploit the received knowledge and find a venture, so the teaching effort in entrepreneurship courses can have real-world consequences.

By testing the mediation model, new insights are made into the associations between team emerging states and, subsequently, team performance. In addition, this study responds to recent calls in the literature to incorporate NCA in an entrepreneurial setting.

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The meeting points of team entrepreneurial passion, transactive memory systems and team performance: examining mediation and necessity effects10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0383International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-20© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedTin HorvatinovićMihaela MikicMarina DabićInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-2010.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0383https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0383/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Gender-based policies and women’s entrepreneurship: an fsQCA analysis of sub-Saharan African countrieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0394/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestEntrepreneurship policy is a vital component of any entrepreneurial ecosystem. However, the specific policy initiatives that have a greater impact on women's entrepreneurship remain unclear in many developing economies. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of entrepreneurship policies targeted at women’s entrepreneurship in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Employing fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this paper utilises and analyses secondary data collected by the World Bank's Women, Business, and the Law (WBL) from 1970 to 2020, encompassing 48 countries within SSA. Through our analysis, we identified two configurations that sufficiently support women's entrepreneurship. First, a combination of gender-based policies focussing on enabling “access to credit” and “signing of contracts”; and second, a blend of policies supporting “signing of contracts”, “business registration”, and “opening a bank account”, represent significant antecedents to supporting women's entrepreneurship. These distinct pathways are crucial to fostering women’s entrepreneurship in the SSA region. The study's findings indicate that the impact and effectiveness of entrepreneurship policies targeted at women entrepreneurs in developing economies depend on the effectiveness of other policies that are in place. This study offers new insights into the intricate interrelationship between entrepreneurship policies and women’s entrepreneurship in developing countries by considering the interdependence and combinative value of gender-based policies that effectively support women’s entrepreneurship in sub-Saharan Africa.Gender-based policies and women’s entrepreneurship: an fsQCA analysis of sub-Saharan African countries
Abiodun Samuel Adegbile, Oyedele Martins Ogundana, Sola Adesola
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Entrepreneurship policy is a vital component of any entrepreneurial ecosystem. However, the specific policy initiatives that have a greater impact on women's entrepreneurship remain unclear in many developing economies. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of entrepreneurship policies targeted at women’s entrepreneurship in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Employing fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this paper utilises and analyses secondary data collected by the World Bank's Women, Business, and the Law (WBL) from 1970 to 2020, encompassing 48 countries within SSA.

Through our analysis, we identified two configurations that sufficiently support women's entrepreneurship. First, a combination of gender-based policies focussing on enabling “access to credit” and “signing of contracts”; and second, a blend of policies supporting “signing of contracts”, “business registration”, and “opening a bank account”, represent significant antecedents to supporting women's entrepreneurship. These distinct pathways are crucial to fostering women’s entrepreneurship in the SSA region.

The study's findings indicate that the impact and effectiveness of entrepreneurship policies targeted at women entrepreneurs in developing economies depend on the effectiveness of other policies that are in place.

This study offers new insights into the intricate interrelationship between entrepreneurship policies and women’s entrepreneurship in developing countries by considering the interdependence and combinative value of gender-based policies that effectively support women’s entrepreneurship in sub-Saharan Africa.

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Gender-based policies and women’s entrepreneurship: an fsQCA analysis of sub-Saharan African countries10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0394International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-05© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedAbiodun Samuel AdegbileOyedele Martins OgundanaSola AdesolaInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-0510.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0394https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0394/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Contextualising gender policy in tech entrepreneurship: a cross national and multiple-level analysishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0422/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIn order to address the gender divide in technology entrepreneurship, we explore how different national contexts impact policies and policy implementation. We investigate how transnational concerns (macro level) about women’s low participation in (technology) entrepreneurship are translated and implemented amongst actors at the meso level (technology incubators) and understood at the micro level (women tech entrepreneurs). We adopt gender institutionalism as a theoretical lens to understand what happens in the implementation of gender equality goals in technology entrepreneurship policy. We apply Gains and Lowndes’ (2014) conceptual framework to investigate the gendered character and effects of institutional formation. Four countries represent different levels of gender equality: high (Norway and Sweden), medium (Ireland) and low (Israel). An initial policy document analysis provides the macro level understanding (Heilbrunn et al., 2020). At the meso level, managers of technology business incubators (n = 3–5) in each country were interviewed. At the micro level, 10 female technology entrepreneurs in each country were interviewed. We use an inductive research approach, combined with thematic analysis. Policies differ across the four countries, ranging from women-centred approaches to gender mainstreaming. Macro level policies are interpreted and implemented in different ways amongst actors at the meso level, who tend to act in line with given national policies. Actors at the micro level often understand gender equality in ways that reflect their national policies. However, women in all four countries share similar struggles with work-life balance and gendered expectations in relation to family responsibilities. The contribution of our paper is to (1) entrepreneurship theory by applying gendered institutionalism theory to (tech) entrepreneurship, and (2) our findings clearly show that the gendered context matters for policy implementation.Contextualising gender policy in tech entrepreneurship: a cross national and multiple-level analysis
Anne-Charlott Callerstig, Marta Lindvert, Elisabet Carine Ljunggren, Marit Breivik-Meyer, Gry Agnete Alsos, Dag Balkmar
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

In order to address the gender divide in technology entrepreneurship, we explore how different national contexts impact policies and policy implementation. We investigate how transnational concerns (macro level) about women’s low participation in (technology) entrepreneurship are translated and implemented amongst actors at the meso level (technology incubators) and understood at the micro level (women tech entrepreneurs).

We adopt gender institutionalism as a theoretical lens to understand what happens in the implementation of gender equality goals in technology entrepreneurship policy. We apply Gains and Lowndes’ (2014) conceptual framework to investigate the gendered character and effects of institutional formation. Four countries represent different levels of gender equality: high (Norway and Sweden), medium (Ireland) and low (Israel). An initial policy document analysis provides the macro level understanding (Heilbrunn et al., 2020). At the meso level, managers of technology business incubators (n = 3–5) in each country were interviewed. At the micro level, 10 female technology entrepreneurs in each country were interviewed. We use an inductive research approach, combined with thematic analysis.

Policies differ across the four countries, ranging from women-centred approaches to gender mainstreaming. Macro level policies are interpreted and implemented in different ways amongst actors at the meso level, who tend to act in line with given national policies. Actors at the micro level often understand gender equality in ways that reflect their national policies. However, women in all four countries share similar struggles with work-life balance and gendered expectations in relation to family responsibilities.

The contribution of our paper is to (1) entrepreneurship theory by applying gendered institutionalism theory to (tech) entrepreneurship, and (2) our findings clearly show that the gendered context matters for policy implementation.

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Contextualising gender policy in tech entrepreneurship: a cross national and multiple-level analysis10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0422International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-26© 2024 Anne-Charlott Callerstig, Marta Lindvert, Elisabet Carine Ljunggren, Marit Breivik-Meyer, Gry Agnete Alsos and Dag BalkmarAnne-Charlott CallerstigMarta LindvertElisabet Carine LjunggrenMarit Breivik-MeyerGry Agnete AlsosDag BalkmarInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-2610.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0422https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0422/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Anne-Charlott Callerstig, Marta Lindvert, Elisabet Carine Ljunggren, Marit Breivik-Meyer, Gry Agnete Alsos and Dag Balkmarhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Unleashing the power of organizational social capital: exploring the mediating role of social entrepreneurship orientation in social enterprises' performanceshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0423/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study investigates the influence of organizational social capital (OSC) on the social and economic performance of social enterprises (SEs) in Greece and the mediating role of social entrepreneurship orientation (SEO) in these relationships. A theoretical framework was developed integrating resource-based theory, OSC theory and behavioral entrepreneurship theory. The data were collected from 345 Greek SEs and structural equation modeling (SEM) with bootstrap analysis was employed to estimate path coefficients. This study shows that OSC positively impacts SEs’ social and economic performance, while SEO mediates only the relationship between OSC and SEs’ social performance. This research offers insights for scholars, practitioners and policymakers in social entrepreneurship by highlighting the significance of OSC and SEO. This study contributes to the literature on SEs by integrating resource-based theory, OSC theory and behavioral entrepreneurship theory, presenting a novel comprehensive theoretical framework for understanding SEs’ performances. Additionally, the study advances the understanding of SEO as a mediator in the relationship between OSC and SEs’ social and economic performance. The unique focus on the Greek context provides a valuable setting for examining the relationships among OSC, SEO and SEs’ performances.Unleashing the power of organizational social capital: exploring the mediating role of social entrepreneurship orientation in social enterprises' performances
Argyrios Loukopoulos, Dimitra Papadimitriou, Niki Glaveli
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study investigates the influence of organizational social capital (OSC) on the social and economic performance of social enterprises (SEs) in Greece and the mediating role of social entrepreneurship orientation (SEO) in these relationships.

A theoretical framework was developed integrating resource-based theory, OSC theory and behavioral entrepreneurship theory. The data were collected from 345 Greek SEs and structural equation modeling (SEM) with bootstrap analysis was employed to estimate path coefficients.

This study shows that OSC positively impacts SEs’ social and economic performance, while SEO mediates only the relationship between OSC and SEs’ social performance. This research offers insights for scholars, practitioners and policymakers in social entrepreneurship by highlighting the significance of OSC and SEO.

This study contributes to the literature on SEs by integrating resource-based theory, OSC theory and behavioral entrepreneurship theory, presenting a novel comprehensive theoretical framework for understanding SEs’ performances. Additionally, the study advances the understanding of SEO as a mediator in the relationship between OSC and SEs’ social and economic performance. The unique focus on the Greek context provides a valuable setting for examining the relationships among OSC, SEO and SEs’ performances.

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Unleashing the power of organizational social capital: exploring the mediating role of social entrepreneurship orientation in social enterprises' performances10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0423International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-14© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedArgyrios LoukopoulosDimitra PapadimitriouNiki GlaveliInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1410.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0423https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0423/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
The impact of local entrepreneurial initiatives on women entrepreneur empowerment: the case of cooperative social ventures in Moroccohttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0427/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestWe explore how NGO’s local entrepreneurial initiatives to empower women entrepreneurs can compensate for weak state policies for women in a context of male-dominated socio-cultural norms. We use the case of a local entrepreneurial initiative launched in the Atlas region of Morocco, the Empowering Women in the Atlas Initiative (EWA). We collected data through 51 semi-structured interviews of women entrepreneurs in three cooperatives which exploit the natural resources of their region to establish a social venture. Our data are longitudinal as they were collected at two time periods: before and after the initiative. The findings of this study suggest that local entrepreneurial initiatives can have a significant impact on rural women entrepreneurs’ empowerment. The improved perception of empowerment has not only helped them develop capacities to leverage the business opportunities linked to the natural resources of their region, but it has also increased their status and role within their family and community. We make recommendations for policymakers to encourage this type of initiative to compensate for the absence of supporting policies geared toward women. Our study is one of the first to look at empowerment as a policy instrument to develop women entrepreneurial activities in rural areas of developing countries. Our paper uses a unique hierarchical perspective and a multidimensional framework for analyzing social cooperative ventures and rural women entrepreneurs’ empowerment. Our paper unravels interesting insights for women entrepreneurs’ narration strategies.The impact of local entrepreneurial initiatives on women entrepreneur empowerment: the case of cooperative social ventures in Morocco
Rachid Jabbouri, Yann Truong, Helmi Issa
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

We explore how NGO’s local entrepreneurial initiatives to empower women entrepreneurs can compensate for weak state policies for women in a context of male-dominated socio-cultural norms.

We use the case of a local entrepreneurial initiative launched in the Atlas region of Morocco, the Empowering Women in the Atlas Initiative (EWA). We collected data through 51 semi-structured interviews of women entrepreneurs in three cooperatives which exploit the natural resources of their region to establish a social venture. Our data are longitudinal as they were collected at two time periods: before and after the initiative.

The findings of this study suggest that local entrepreneurial initiatives can have a significant impact on rural women entrepreneurs’ empowerment. The improved perception of empowerment has not only helped them develop capacities to leverage the business opportunities linked to the natural resources of their region, but it has also increased their status and role within their family and community.

We make recommendations for policymakers to encourage this type of initiative to compensate for the absence of supporting policies geared toward women.

Our study is one of the first to look at empowerment as a policy instrument to develop women entrepreneurial activities in rural areas of developing countries. Our paper uses a unique hierarchical perspective and a multidimensional framework for analyzing social cooperative ventures and rural women entrepreneurs’ empowerment. Our paper unravels interesting insights for women entrepreneurs’ narration strategies.

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The impact of local entrepreneurial initiatives on women entrepreneur empowerment: the case of cooperative social ventures in Morocco10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0427International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-13© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedRachid JabbouriYann TruongHelmi IssaInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1310.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0427https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0427/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Institutional pluralism and the implementation of women’s enterprise policyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0431/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research paper generates new insights into the challenges of implementation in women’s enterprise policy. It argues that organisations involved in policy implementation need to be understood as operating in a context of institutional pluralism and answers: How do organisations involved in the implementation of women’s enterprise policy manage the challenges of institutional pluralism? Addressing the need for women’s enterprise policy to learn from the past, the research adopts a historical approach to the study of policy implementation through examination of the UK’s Phoenix Development Fund (1999–2008). It analyses a wide range of secondary sources to examine 34 projects funded and supported by the Phoenix Development Fund that targeted women entrepreneurs. Potentially conflicting institutional logics associated with central government, mainstream business support and local communities were managed through four key processes: dominance; integration; constellation and bridging. The management of institutional pluralism was effective in delivering support to communities but not in providing an effective platform for learning in government or establishing sustainable, long-term mechanisms. The paper develops an empirical contribution to practice through identification of processes to manage the challenges of institutional pluralism and lessons for community-engaged policy implementation. A theoretical contribution to academic debates is provided by the conceptualisation of these challenges in terms of institutional pluralism and the novel concept of institutional bridging. The study also demonstrates the value of historical methods for women’s enterprise policy to learn the lessons of the past.Institutional pluralism and the implementation of women’s enterprise policy
Oliver Mallett, Robert Wapshott, Nazila Wilson
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research paper generates new insights into the challenges of implementation in women’s enterprise policy. It argues that organisations involved in policy implementation need to be understood as operating in a context of institutional pluralism and answers: How do organisations involved in the implementation of women’s enterprise policy manage the challenges of institutional pluralism?

Addressing the need for women’s enterprise policy to learn from the past, the research adopts a historical approach to the study of policy implementation through examination of the UK’s Phoenix Development Fund (1999–2008). It analyses a wide range of secondary sources to examine 34 projects funded and supported by the Phoenix Development Fund that targeted women entrepreneurs.

Potentially conflicting institutional logics associated with central government, mainstream business support and local communities were managed through four key processes: dominance; integration; constellation and bridging. The management of institutional pluralism was effective in delivering support to communities but not in providing an effective platform for learning in government or establishing sustainable, long-term mechanisms.

The paper develops an empirical contribution to practice through identification of processes to manage the challenges of institutional pluralism and lessons for community-engaged policy implementation. A theoretical contribution to academic debates is provided by the conceptualisation of these challenges in terms of institutional pluralism and the novel concept of institutional bridging. The study also demonstrates the value of historical methods for women’s enterprise policy to learn the lessons of the past.

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Institutional pluralism and the implementation of women’s enterprise policy10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0431International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-03-07© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedOliver MallettRobert WapshottNazila WilsonInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-0710.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0431https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0431/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Parents' support for children's entrepreneurial behavior: incentivizing the next generation of entrepreneurshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2022-0452/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to present an explanatory model of the factors that determine parental support for possible entrepreneurial initiatives of the parents' children. This is one of the most important challenges to promote the next generation of entrepreneurs. A perspective based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) is adopted, and the model is extended to integrate the antecedents of personal attitude toward children's entrepreneurship. The model is tested on a sample of 400 parents. Perceived behavioral control (PBC), namely the perception that parents have about the readiness of the children to be entrepreneurs plays the greatest effect on the intention of supporting children's entrepreneurial behavior. In addition, parents' perceptions of how people from the immediate surroundings value the children's possible entrepreneurial behavior are the second most influential variable in the parents' intention to support such behavior. Finally, a parent's personal attitude toward the parent's children's entrepreneurship is the third most relevant variable to explain intention to support, practically with the same weight as subjective norms (SNs). The results seem to confirm the importance of entrepreneurship development policies that focus on family characteristics and mindsets rather than on more traditional formal institutional support, such as business advice or financial resources. Family emerges as a key mediator to transfer the rules of normative and cultural-cognitive dimensions. Moreover, the results indicate the important role of entrepreneurship education in enhancing entrepreneurship not only due to the positive direct impact on students' entrepreneurial intentions, but also by changing parents' perceptions regarding the children's capabilities and, therefore, influencing the support for entrepreneurial behavior. Previous studies have analyzed the influence of support from the immediate environment, especially the family, on young people's entrepreneurial behavior and have defined the types of support the family environment can provide. However, there is a missing link in the literature regarding the determinants of family support, despite the determinants' importance in configuring the normative and cultural-cognitive dimensions and the determinants' impact on society, promoting entrepreneurship.Parents' support for children's entrepreneurial behavior: incentivizing the next generation of entrepreneurs
Francisco J. García-Rodríguez, Desiderio Gutiérrez-Taño, Inés Ruiz-Rosa
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to present an explanatory model of the factors that determine parental support for possible entrepreneurial initiatives of the parents' children. This is one of the most important challenges to promote the next generation of entrepreneurs.

A perspective based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) is adopted, and the model is extended to integrate the antecedents of personal attitude toward children's entrepreneurship. The model is tested on a sample of 400 parents.

Perceived behavioral control (PBC), namely the perception that parents have about the readiness of the children to be entrepreneurs plays the greatest effect on the intention of supporting children's entrepreneurial behavior. In addition, parents' perceptions of how people from the immediate surroundings value the children's possible entrepreneurial behavior are the second most influential variable in the parents' intention to support such behavior. Finally, a parent's personal attitude toward the parent's children's entrepreneurship is the third most relevant variable to explain intention to support, practically with the same weight as subjective norms (SNs).

The results seem to confirm the importance of entrepreneurship development policies that focus on family characteristics and mindsets rather than on more traditional formal institutional support, such as business advice or financial resources. Family emerges as a key mediator to transfer the rules of normative and cultural-cognitive dimensions. Moreover, the results indicate the important role of entrepreneurship education in enhancing entrepreneurship not only due to the positive direct impact on students' entrepreneurial intentions, but also by changing parents' perceptions regarding the children's capabilities and, therefore, influencing the support for entrepreneurial behavior.

Previous studies have analyzed the influence of support from the immediate environment, especially the family, on young people's entrepreneurial behavior and have defined the types of support the family environment can provide. However, there is a missing link in the literature regarding the determinants of family support, despite the determinants' importance in configuring the normative and cultural-cognitive dimensions and the determinants' impact on society, promoting entrepreneurship.

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Parents' support for children's entrepreneurial behavior: incentivizing the next generation of entrepreneurs10.1108/IJEBR-05-2022-0452International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2022-12-29© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedFrancisco J. García-RodríguezDesiderio Gutiérrez-TañoInés Ruiz-RosaInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-2910.1108/IJEBR-05-2022-0452https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2022-0452/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The system effects of linkages on actor disposition and resource density: an approach to university-industry linkageshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2022-0464/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestLinkages play a strategic role in improving actor disposition and resource density in university–industry ecosystems. Due to the importance of interconnected ecosystems for the development of engaged universities, applying the service-dominant logic (SDL) perspective, the authors aim at developing theory on linkages that lead to a higher level of actor commitment and in turn result in increased actor disposition and greater resource density. Data from semistructured interviews from four in depth case studies, known internationally as successful cases of university linkages development (Columbia Lab-to-Market Accelerator Network, Oxford University Innovation, Auckland Uniservices and the Münster Center for Interdisciplinarity), undergo qualitative analysis according to the Gioia methodology. The results represent a contribution to the theory, as they highlight the strategic role of linkages in improving actor disposition and increasing resource density. Due to its shown importance, linkage is an element to be considered on its own in the innovation ecosystems configurations in the context of universities. The results of the research have implications for university management, since they focus on how resources are mobilized and linked. The interactive roles of actors in ecosystems imply that the locus of value creation moves beyond the borders of the organization toward the linkages. Strategies for managing university–industry linkages (UIL) are presented. To date there has not been sufficient theoretical or empirical contribution in the university–industry ecosystem context about the role of linkages to improve resource density through increased actor disposition.The system effects of linkages on actor disposition and resource density: an approach to university-industry linkages
Rafael Ventura, María J. Quero, Sofía Louise Martínez-Martínez
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Linkages play a strategic role in improving actor disposition and resource density in university–industry ecosystems. Due to the importance of interconnected ecosystems for the development of engaged universities, applying the service-dominant logic (SDL) perspective, the authors aim at developing theory on linkages that lead to a higher level of actor commitment and in turn result in increased actor disposition and greater resource density.

Data from semistructured interviews from four in depth case studies, known internationally as successful cases of university linkages development (Columbia Lab-to-Market Accelerator Network, Oxford University Innovation, Auckland Uniservices and the Münster Center for Interdisciplinarity), undergo qualitative analysis according to the Gioia methodology.

The results represent a contribution to the theory, as they highlight the strategic role of linkages in improving actor disposition and increasing resource density. Due to its shown importance, linkage is an element to be considered on its own in the innovation ecosystems configurations in the context of universities.

The results of the research have implications for university management, since they focus on how resources are mobilized and linked. The interactive roles of actors in ecosystems imply that the locus of value creation moves beyond the borders of the organization toward the linkages. Strategies for managing university–industry linkages (UIL) are presented.

To date there has not been sufficient theoretical or empirical contribution in the university–industry ecosystem context about the role of linkages to improve resource density through increased actor disposition.

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The system effects of linkages on actor disposition and resource density: an approach to university-industry linkages10.1108/IJEBR-05-2022-0464International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-03-28© 2023 Rafael Ventura, María J. Quero and Sofía Louise Martínez-MartínezRafael VenturaMaría J. QueroSofía Louise Martínez-MartínezInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-2810.1108/IJEBR-05-2022-0464https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2022-0464/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Rafael Ventura, María J. Quero and Sofía Louise Martínez-Martínezhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Bridging the valley of death: examining university science parks' influence on revenue generationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0475/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study examines the impact of university science parks’ (USPs) capabilities on revenue generation and introduces regional innovation as a moderating variable. This study aims to provide insights into enhancing revenue generation and fully leveraging the role of USPs in promoting revenue generation. This study employs system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation for 116 universities in China from 2008 to 2020, using hierarchical regression analysis to examine the relationships between variables. The findings suggest that USPs play a beneficial role in fostering revenue generation. Specifically, the provision of incubation funding demonstrates a positive correlation, while USPs size exhibits an inverted U-shaped pattern, with a threshold at 3.037 and a mean value of 3.712, highlighting the prevalent issue of suboptimal personnel allocation in the majority of USPs. Moreover, the analysis underscores the critical moderating influence of regional innovation, affecting the intricate interplay between USPs size, incubation funding and revenue generation. The single country (China) analysis relied solely on the use of secondary data. Future studies could expand the scope to include other countries and employ primary data collection. For instance, future research can further examine how regional development and USPs strategic plan impact revenue generation. The study recommends that USPs managers and policymakers recognize the importance of incubation funding and determine the optimal quantity of USPs size to effectively foster revenue generation in USPs. Policymakers can use regional innovation as a moderating variable to reinforce the relationship between USPs size and incubation funding on revenue generation. The study’s findings can contribute to the strategic industry growth and economic development of nations by promoting revenue generation. Leveraging the role of USPs and implementing the study’s recommendations can strengthen innovation and technology capabilities, driving strategic industry growth and economic development. This can enhance global competitiveness and promote sustainable economic growth. This study introduces regional innovation as a moderating variable and provides empirical evidence of its influence on the relationship between USPs size and incubation funding on revenue generation. This adds value to research to the existing literature on USPs and revenue generation by showcasing the importance of examining the regional impact in research and innovation.Bridging the valley of death: examining university science parks' influence on revenue generation
Xin-Zhou Qi, Eric Ping Hung Li, Zhuangyu Wei, Zhong Ning
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study examines the impact of university science parks’ (USPs) capabilities on revenue generation and introduces regional innovation as a moderating variable. This study aims to provide insights into enhancing revenue generation and fully leveraging the role of USPs in promoting revenue generation.

This study employs system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation for 116 universities in China from 2008 to 2020, using hierarchical regression analysis to examine the relationships between variables.

The findings suggest that USPs play a beneficial role in fostering revenue generation. Specifically, the provision of incubation funding demonstrates a positive correlation, while USPs size exhibits an inverted U-shaped pattern, with a threshold at 3.037 and a mean value of 3.712, highlighting the prevalent issue of suboptimal personnel allocation in the majority of USPs. Moreover, the analysis underscores the critical moderating influence of regional innovation, affecting the intricate interplay between USPs size, incubation funding and revenue generation.

The single country (China) analysis relied solely on the use of secondary data. Future studies could expand the scope to include other countries and employ primary data collection. For instance, future research can further examine how regional development and USPs strategic plan impact revenue generation.

The study recommends that USPs managers and policymakers recognize the importance of incubation funding and determine the optimal quantity of USPs size to effectively foster revenue generation in USPs. Policymakers can use regional innovation as a moderating variable to reinforce the relationship between USPs size and incubation funding on revenue generation.

The study’s findings can contribute to the strategic industry growth and economic development of nations by promoting revenue generation. Leveraging the role of USPs and implementing the study’s recommendations can strengthen innovation and technology capabilities, driving strategic industry growth and economic development. This can enhance global competitiveness and promote sustainable economic growth.

This study introduces regional innovation as a moderating variable and provides empirical evidence of its influence on the relationship between USPs size and incubation funding on revenue generation. This adds value to research to the existing literature on USPs and revenue generation by showcasing the importance of examining the regional impact in research and innovation.

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Bridging the valley of death: examining university science parks' influence on revenue generation10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0475International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-15© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedXin-Zhou QiEric Ping Hung LiZhuangyu WeiZhong NingInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1510.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0475https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0475/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
A multi-voiced account of family entrepreneuring research: expanding the agenda of family entrepreneurshiphttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0516/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis conceptual, multi-voiced paper aims to collectively explore and theorize family entrepreneuring, which is a research stream dedicated to investigating the emergence and becoming of entrepreneurial phenomena in business families and family firms. Because of the novelty of this research stream, the authors asked 20 scholars in entrepreneurship and family business to reflect on topics, methods and issues that should be addressed to move this field forward. Authors highlight key challenges and point to new research directions for understanding family entrepreneuring in relation to issues such as agency, processualism and context. This study offers a compilation of multiple perspectives and leverage recent developments in the fields of entrepreneurship and family business to advance research on family entrepreneuring.A multi-voiced account of family entrepreneuring research: expanding the agenda of family entrepreneurship
Haya Al-Dajani, Nupur Pavan Bang, Rodrigo Basco, Andrea Calabrò, Jeremy Chi Yeung Cheng, Eric Clinton, Joshua J. Daspit, Alfredo De Massis, Allan Discua Cruz, Lucia Garcia-Lorenzo, William B. Gartner, Olivier Germain, Silvia Gherardi, Jenny Helin, Miguel Imas, Sarah Jack, Maura McAdam, Miruna Radu-Lefebvre, Paola Rovelli, Malin Tillmar, Mariateresa Torchia, Karen Verduijn, Friederike Welter
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This conceptual, multi-voiced paper aims to collectively explore and theorize family entrepreneuring, which is a research stream dedicated to investigating the emergence and becoming of entrepreneurial phenomena in business families and family firms.

Because of the novelty of this research stream, the authors asked 20 scholars in entrepreneurship and family business to reflect on topics, methods and issues that should be addressed to move this field forward.

Authors highlight key challenges and point to new research directions for understanding family entrepreneuring in relation to issues such as agency, processualism and context.

This study offers a compilation of multiple perspectives and leverage recent developments in the fields of entrepreneurship and family business to advance research on family entrepreneuring.

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A multi-voiced account of family entrepreneuring research: expanding the agenda of family entrepreneurship10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0516International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-11-21© 2020 Haya Al-Dajani, Nupur Pavan Bang, Rodrigo Basco, Andrea Calabrò, Jeremy Chi Yeung Cheng, Eric Clinton, Joshua J. Daspit, Alfredo De Massis, Allan Discua Cruz, Lucia Garcia-Lorenzo, William B. Gartner, Olivier Germain, Silvia Gherardi, Jenny Helin, Miguel Imas, Sarah Jack, Maura McAdam, Miruna Radu-Lefebvre, Paola Rovelli, Malin Tillmar, Mariateresa Torchia, Karen Verduijn and Friederike WelterHaya Al-DajaniNupur Pavan BangRodrigo BascoAndrea CalabròJeremy Chi Yeung ChengEric ClintonJoshua J. DaspitAlfredo De MassisAllan Discua CruzLucia Garcia-LorenzoWilliam B. GartnerOlivier GermainSilvia GherardiJenny HelinMiguel ImasSarah JackMaura McAdamMiruna Radu-LefebvrePaola RovelliMalin TillmarMariateresa TorchiaKaren VerduijnFriederike WelterInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-2110.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0516https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0516/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2020 Haya Al-Dajani, Nupur Pavan Bang, Rodrigo Basco, Andrea Calabrò, Jeremy Chi Yeung Cheng, Eric Clinton, Joshua J. Daspit, Alfredo De Massis, Allan Discua Cruz, Lucia Garcia-Lorenzo, William B. Gartner, Olivier Germain, Silvia Gherardi, Jenny Helin, Miguel Imas, Sarah Jack, Maura McAdam, Miruna Radu-Lefebvre, Paola Rovelli, Malin Tillmar, Mariateresa Torchia, Karen Verduijn and Friederike Welterhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Resource allocation in healthcare entrepreneurial ecosystems: the strategic role of entrepreneurial support organizationshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0553/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestInnovation management in the healthcare sector has undergone significant evolutions over the last decades. These evolutions have been investigated from a variety of perspectives: clusters, ecosystems of innovation, digital ecosystems and regional ecosystems, but the dynamics of networks have seldom been analyzed under the lenses of entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs). As identified by Cao and Shi (2020), the literature is silent about the organization of resource allocation systems for network orchestration in EEs. This article investigates these elements in the healthcare sector. It discusses the strategic role played by entrepreneurial support organizations (ESOs) in resource allocation and elaborates on the distinction between sponsored and nonsponsored ESOs in EEs. ESOs are active in network orchestration. The literature explains that ESOs lift organizational, institutional and cultural barriers, and support entrepreneurs' access to cognitive and technological resources. However, allocation models are not yet discussed. Therefore, our research questions are as follows: What is the resource allocation model in healthcare-related EEs? What is the role played by sponsored and nonsponsored ESOs as regards resource allocation to support the emergence and development of EEs in the healthcare sector? The article offers an explanatory, exploratory, and theory-building investigation. The research design offers an abductive research protocol and multi-level analysis of seven (sponsored and nonsponsored) ESOs active in French healthcare ecosystems. Field research elaborates on semi-structured interviews collected between 2016 and 2022. This article shows explicit complementarities between top-down and bottom-up resource allocation approaches supported by ESOs in the healthcare sector. Despite explicit originalities in each approach, no network orchestration model prevails. Multi-polar coordination is the rule. Entrepreneurs' access to critical technological and cognitive resources is based on resource allocation modalities that differ for sponsored versus nonsponsored ESOs. Emerging from field research, this research also shows that sponsored and nonsponsored ESOs manage their roles in different ways because they confront original issues about organizational legitimacy. Beyond the results listed above, the main originalities of the paper relate to the instantiation of multi-level analysis operated during field research and to the confrontation between sponsored versus nonsponsored ESOs in the domain of healthcare-related innovation management. This research shows that ESOs have practical relevance because they build original routes for resource allocation and network orchestration in EEs. Each ESO category (sponsored versus nonsponsored) provides original support for resource allocation. The ESO's legitimacy is inferred either from the sponsor or the services delivered to end-users. This research leads to propositions for future research and recommendations for practitioners: ESO managers, entrepreneurs, and policymakers.Resource allocation in healthcare entrepreneurial ecosystems: the strategic role of entrepreneurial support organizations
Valérie Mérindol, David W. Versailles
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Innovation management in the healthcare sector has undergone significant evolutions over the last decades. These evolutions have been investigated from a variety of perspectives: clusters, ecosystems of innovation, digital ecosystems and regional ecosystems, but the dynamics of networks have seldom been analyzed under the lenses of entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs). As identified by Cao and Shi (2020), the literature is silent about the organization of resource allocation systems for network orchestration in EEs. This article investigates these elements in the healthcare sector. It discusses the strategic role played by entrepreneurial support organizations (ESOs) in resource allocation and elaborates on the distinction between sponsored and nonsponsored ESOs in EEs. ESOs are active in network orchestration. The literature explains that ESOs lift organizational, institutional and cultural barriers, and support entrepreneurs' access to cognitive and technological resources. However, allocation models are not yet discussed. Therefore, our research questions are as follows: What is the resource allocation model in healthcare-related EEs? What is the role played by sponsored and nonsponsored ESOs as regards resource allocation to support the emergence and development of EEs in the healthcare sector?

The article offers an explanatory, exploratory, and theory-building investigation. The research design offers an abductive research protocol and multi-level analysis of seven (sponsored and nonsponsored) ESOs active in French healthcare ecosystems. Field research elaborates on semi-structured interviews collected between 2016 and 2022.

This article shows explicit complementarities between top-down and bottom-up resource allocation approaches supported by ESOs in the healthcare sector. Despite explicit originalities in each approach, no network orchestration model prevails. Multi-polar coordination is the rule. Entrepreneurs' access to critical technological and cognitive resources is based on resource allocation modalities that differ for sponsored versus nonsponsored ESOs. Emerging from field research, this research also shows that sponsored and nonsponsored ESOs manage their roles in different ways because they confront original issues about organizational legitimacy.

Beyond the results listed above, the main originalities of the paper relate to the instantiation of multi-level analysis operated during field research and to the confrontation between sponsored versus nonsponsored ESOs in the domain of healthcare-related innovation management. This research shows that ESOs have practical relevance because they build original routes for resource allocation and network orchestration in EEs. Each ESO category (sponsored versus nonsponsored) provides original support for resource allocation. The ESO's legitimacy is inferred either from the sponsor or the services delivered to end-users. This research leads to propositions for future research and recommendations for practitioners: ESO managers, entrepreneurs, and policymakers.

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Resource allocation in healthcare entrepreneurial ecosystems: the strategic role of entrepreneurial support organizations10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0553International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-03-26© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedValérie MérindolDavid W. VersaillesInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2610.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0553https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0553/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Customer search strategies of entrepreneurial telehealth firms – how effective is effectuation?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0560/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe demand for healthcare innovation is increasing, and not much is known about how entrepreneurial firms search for and sell to customers in the highly regulated and complex healthcare market. Drawing on effectuation perspectives, we explore how entrepreneurial digital healthcare firms with disruptive innovations search for early customers in the healthcare sector. This study uses a qualitative, longitudinal multiple-case design of four entrepreneurial Nordic telehealth firms. In-depth interviews were conducted with founders and senior managers over a period of 27 months. We find that when customer buying conditions are highly flexible, case firms use effectual logic to generate customer demand for disruptive innovations. However, under constrained buying conditions firms adopt a more causal approach to customer search. Managers need to gain a deep understanding of target buying environments when searching for customers. In healthcare sector markets, the degree of flexibility customers have over buying can constrain them from engaging in demand co-creation. In particular, healthcare customer access to funding streams can be a key determinant of customer flexibility. We contribute to effectuation literature by illustrating how customer buying conditions influence decision-making logics of entrepreneurial firms searching for customers in the healthcare sector. We contribute to entrepreneurial resource search literature by illustrating how entrepreneurial firms search for customers beyond their networks in the institutionally complex healthcare sector.Customer search strategies of entrepreneurial telehealth firms – how effective is effectuation?
Susanna Pinnock, Natasha Evers, Thomas Hoholm
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The demand for healthcare innovation is increasing, and not much is known about how entrepreneurial firms search for and sell to customers in the highly regulated and complex healthcare market. Drawing on effectuation perspectives, we explore how entrepreneurial digital healthcare firms with disruptive innovations search for early customers in the healthcare sector.

This study uses a qualitative, longitudinal multiple-case design of four entrepreneurial Nordic telehealth firms. In-depth interviews were conducted with founders and senior managers over a period of 27 months.

We find that when customer buying conditions are highly flexible, case firms use effectual logic to generate customer demand for disruptive innovations. However, under constrained buying conditions firms adopt a more causal approach to customer search.

Managers need to gain a deep understanding of target buying environments when searching for customers. In healthcare sector markets, the degree of flexibility customers have over buying can constrain them from engaging in demand co-creation. In particular, healthcare customer access to funding streams can be a key determinant of customer flexibility.

We contribute to effectuation literature by illustrating how customer buying conditions influence decision-making logics of entrepreneurial firms searching for customers in the healthcare sector. We contribute to entrepreneurial resource search literature by illustrating how entrepreneurial firms search for customers beyond their networks in the institutionally complex healthcare sector.

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Customer search strategies of entrepreneurial telehealth firms – how effective is effectuation?10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0560International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-03-05© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedSusanna PinnockNatasha EversThomas HoholmInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-0510.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0560https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2023-0560/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
What lies beneath: using student reflections to study the entrepreneurial mindset in entrepreneurship educationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-06-2023-0578/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research presents and evaluates a method for assessing the entrepreneurial mindset (EM) of students in higher education. The research considers EM a multi-variable psychological construct, which can be broken down into several conceptual sub-categories. Using data from a master course in entrepreneurship, the authors show how these categories can be applied to analyze students’ written reflections to identify linguistic markers of EM. The research reports three main findings: analyzing student reflections is an appropriate method to explore the state and development of students’ EM; the theoretically-derived EM categories can be nuanced and extended with insight from contextualized empirical insights; and student reflections reveal counter-EM categories that represent challenges in the educator’s endeavor to foster students’ EM. The commitment of resources to researching EM requires the dedication of efforts to develop methods for assessing the state and development of students’ EM. The framework can be applied to enhance the theoretical rigor and methodological transparency of studies of EM in entrepreneurship education. The framework can be of value to educators who currently struggle to assess if and how their educational design fosters EM attributes. This inquiry contributes to the critical research discussion about how to operationalize EM in entrepreneurship education studies. The operationalization of a psychological concept such as EM is highly important because a research focus cannot be maintained on something that cannot be studied in a meaningful way.What lies beneath: using student reflections to study the entrepreneurial mindset in entrepreneurship education
Inge Birkbak Larsen, Helle Neergaard
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research presents and evaluates a method for assessing the entrepreneurial mindset (EM) of students in higher education.

The research considers EM a multi-variable psychological construct, which can be broken down into several conceptual sub-categories. Using data from a master course in entrepreneurship, the authors show how these categories can be applied to analyze students’ written reflections to identify linguistic markers of EM.

The research reports three main findings: analyzing student reflections is an appropriate method to explore the state and development of students’ EM; the theoretically-derived EM categories can be nuanced and extended with insight from contextualized empirical insights; and student reflections reveal counter-EM categories that represent challenges in the educator’s endeavor to foster students’ EM.

The commitment of resources to researching EM requires the dedication of efforts to develop methods for assessing the state and development of students’ EM. The framework can be applied to enhance the theoretical rigor and methodological transparency of studies of EM in entrepreneurship education.

The framework can be of value to educators who currently struggle to assess if and how their educational design fosters EM attributes.

This inquiry contributes to the critical research discussion about how to operationalize EM in entrepreneurship education studies. The operationalization of a psychological concept such as EM is highly important because a research focus cannot be maintained on something that cannot be studied in a meaningful way.

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What lies beneath: using student reflections to study the entrepreneurial mindset in entrepreneurship education10.1108/IJEBR-06-2023-0578International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-03-11© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedInge Birkbak LarsenHelle NeergaardInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-1110.1108/IJEBR-06-2023-0578https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-06-2023-0578/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Intersectionality of place and race: entrepreneurial performance of Arab citizens of Israelhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0615/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe objective of this study is to understand how Arab entrepreneurs in Israel redress the disadvantage of the intersectionality of place and race by setting up their businesses in markets beyond their ethnic enclaves as well as by pursuing opportunity entrepreneurship and the role human values play in this process. Using the portrait value questionnaire, a survey of Arab entrepreneurs in Israel was conducted. Multiple linear regressions were run to generate the findings. The authors find that educated and non-conforming Arab men in Israel, driven by stimulation and universalism, successfully neutralise the intersectional disadvantage of place and race through entrepreneurship. Care is advised in the generalisation of findings of this research to other intersectional communities as they emerge from the unique context of Arab entrepreneurs in Israel. Education, stimulation and universalism facilitate entrepreneurial success beyond Arab ethnic enclaves whereas conformity suppresses it. With the right attributes and values, marginalised individuals can emerge from the disadvantage of the intersectionality of place and race. The study advances the intersectionality discourse from “what it is” and “what it does” to “what can be done about it”. It identifies the attributes and values that help Arab entrepreneurs in Israel to remedy their intersectional disadvantage.Intersectionality of place and race: entrepreneurial performance of Arab citizens of Israel
Inas Saleh Said, Vijay Vyas
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The objective of this study is to understand how Arab entrepreneurs in Israel redress the disadvantage of the intersectionality of place and race by setting up their businesses in markets beyond their ethnic enclaves as well as by pursuing opportunity entrepreneurship and the role human values play in this process.

Using the portrait value questionnaire, a survey of Arab entrepreneurs in Israel was conducted. Multiple linear regressions were run to generate the findings.

The authors find that educated and non-conforming Arab men in Israel, driven by stimulation and universalism, successfully neutralise the intersectional disadvantage of place and race through entrepreneurship.

Care is advised in the generalisation of findings of this research to other intersectional communities as they emerge from the unique context of Arab entrepreneurs in Israel.

Education, stimulation and universalism facilitate entrepreneurial success beyond Arab ethnic enclaves whereas conformity suppresses it.

With the right attributes and values, marginalised individuals can emerge from the disadvantage of the intersectionality of place and race.

The study advances the intersectionality discourse from “what it is” and “what it does” to “what can be done about it”. It identifies the attributes and values that help Arab entrepreneurs in Israel to remedy their intersectional disadvantage.

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Intersectionality of place and race: entrepreneurial performance of Arab citizens of Israel10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0615International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-12-15© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedInas Saleh SaidVijay VyasInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-12-1510.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0615https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0615/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Hybrid entrepreneurship, job satisfaction and the spillover effect of creativityhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0629/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to empirically examine how individuals’ hybrid entrepreneurial venturing activities (HEVA) influence key characteristics associated with one’s wage work, namely creativity and job satisfaction. Through a cross-sectional self-administered survey design, data were gathered from 465 US-based useable responses via Amazon Mechanical Turk and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings show individuals reporting higher levels of HEVA – such as creating, founding, starting or running – tend to also exhibit higher levels of creativity and job satisfaction in their workplaces. Findings further reveal that income negatively moderates the relationship between creativity and wage work job satisfaction. By providing a better understanding of how engaging in HEVA can impact creativity and job satisfaction, this study has important implications for (1) managers seeking to influence key employee outcomes and (2) employees considering such entrepreneurial activities. This paper adds to the growing scholarly and practitioner interest in hybrid entrepreneurship and its outcomes. Specifically, the paper adds new insights regarding how engaging in HEVA can influence individual skills (i.e. creativity) or organizational goals (i.e. employee job satisfaction). In doing so, the paper also uses insights from the intrinsic/extrinsic motivation literature to suggest how extrinsic motivators (such as income) can interact with intrinsically motivated behaviors (such as creativity) in influencing employee outcomes in wage work. Finally, the paper contributes to the growing interest in applying the empowerment perspective within entrepreneurship research by exploring where and how empowerment may occur.Hybrid entrepreneurship, job satisfaction and the spillover effect of creativity
Cole J. Crider, Alireza Aghaey, Jason Lortie, Whitney O. Peake, Shaun Digan
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to empirically examine how individuals’ hybrid entrepreneurial venturing activities (HEVA) influence key characteristics associated with one’s wage work, namely creativity and job satisfaction.

Through a cross-sectional self-administered survey design, data were gathered from 465 US-based useable responses via Amazon Mechanical Turk and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM).

Findings show individuals reporting higher levels of HEVA – such as creating, founding, starting or running – tend to also exhibit higher levels of creativity and job satisfaction in their workplaces. Findings further reveal that income negatively moderates the relationship between creativity and wage work job satisfaction.

By providing a better understanding of how engaging in HEVA can impact creativity and job satisfaction, this study has important implications for (1) managers seeking to influence key employee outcomes and (2) employees considering such entrepreneurial activities.

This paper adds to the growing scholarly and practitioner interest in hybrid entrepreneurship and its outcomes. Specifically, the paper adds new insights regarding how engaging in HEVA can influence individual skills (i.e. creativity) or organizational goals (i.e. employee job satisfaction). In doing so, the paper also uses insights from the intrinsic/extrinsic motivation literature to suggest how extrinsic motivators (such as income) can interact with intrinsically motivated behaviors (such as creativity) in influencing employee outcomes in wage work. Finally, the paper contributes to the growing interest in applying the empowerment perspective within entrepreneurship research by exploring where and how empowerment may occur.

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Hybrid entrepreneurship, job satisfaction and the spillover effect of creativity10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0629International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-03-29© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedCole J. CriderAlireza AghaeyJason LortieWhitney O. PeakeShaun DiganInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2910.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0629https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0629/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Interlinking institutions, entrepreneurship and economic performancehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0640/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study holds the objective of evaluating the impact of formal (e.g. ease of doing business score, start-up procedures to register a business, property rights) and informal (e.g. school life expectancy, collaboration between companies and human capital) institutions on the economic performance of countries in conjunction with the mediating effect of entrepreneurial activities and social performance. The authors collected quantitative, secondary data from a range of different sources, specifically the World Bank (WB), Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), World Economic Forum (WEF), Freedom House (FH) and Doing Business (DB) for the years between 2016 and 2018. The authors deployed a quantitative approach based on estimating structural equation models according to the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method. The authors find that institutions, whether formal or informal, impact positively on economic and social performance with entrepreneurial activities positively mediating the relationship between informal institutions and economic performance and social performance. The study research holds key implications for strengthening institutional theory. The authors find that our empirical results draw attention to the impact that institutions and their functioning can have on economic performance. Through this alert, the authors aim for researchers, politicians and other diverse decision-makers involved in public policies to prioritise not only the good working of institutions but also fostering entrepreneurship, in order to boost the resulting economic performance. The study research contributes to the literature by testing the model that links institutions, entrepreneurial activity and economic performance. The authors also help policymakers to become aware of the importance that the quality of institutions has on entrepreneurial activity, and, consequently on economic performance.Interlinking institutions, entrepreneurship and economic performance
João J. Ferreira, Cristina I. Fernandes, Pedro Mota Veiga, Stephan Gerschewski
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study holds the objective of evaluating the impact of formal (e.g. ease of doing business score, start-up procedures to register a business, property rights) and informal (e.g. school life expectancy, collaboration between companies and human capital) institutions on the economic performance of countries in conjunction with the mediating effect of entrepreneurial activities and social performance.

The authors collected quantitative, secondary data from a range of different sources, specifically the World Bank (WB), Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), World Economic Forum (WEF), Freedom House (FH) and Doing Business (DB) for the years between 2016 and 2018. The authors deployed a quantitative approach based on estimating structural equation models according to the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method.

The authors find that institutions, whether formal or informal, impact positively on economic and social performance with entrepreneurial activities positively mediating the relationship between informal institutions and economic performance and social performance.

The study research holds key implications for strengthening institutional theory. The authors find that our empirical results draw attention to the impact that institutions and their functioning can have on economic performance. Through this alert, the authors aim for researchers, politicians and other diverse decision-makers involved in public policies to prioritise not only the good working of institutions but also fostering entrepreneurship, in order to boost the resulting economic performance.

The study research contributes to the literature by testing the model that links institutions, entrepreneurial activity and economic performance. The authors also help policymakers to become aware of the importance that the quality of institutions has on entrepreneurial activity, and, consequently on economic performance.

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Interlinking institutions, entrepreneurship and economic performance10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0640International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-04-04© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedJoão J. FerreiraCristina I. FernandesPedro Mota VeigaStephan GerschewskiInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-04-0410.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0640https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0640/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Senior entrepreneurship dynamics: Latin America perspectivehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0650/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe main objective of this research is to exploratorily analyse different factors that influence the decision of the senior population (+50 years) to engage in entrepreneurship activities in a group of Latin American countries. This study considers the motivations for entrepreneurship (opportunity and necessity) and the level of development of the countries. The authors used data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) with a sample of 22,139 observations of senior individuals in seven Latin American countries surveyed between 2013 and 2017. The authors also used the Human Development Index to capture the relevance of the level of development. The authors employed a multilevel logistic regression model to test the study hypotheses. The study results show that individual factors such as personal income, education and occupation have a significant influence on the probability of entrepreneurship of senior individuals. Related to contextual factors, the level of human development of a country has a negative influence mainly on opportunity-based entrepreneurs. Because of the rapidly ageing population in Latin America, understanding senior entrepreneurs and their motivations is very relevant not only in terms of theoretical development but also for policy and practical implications, primarily those related to labour markets and social protection.Senior entrepreneurship dynamics: Latin America perspective
José Ernesto Amorós, Marcelo Leporati, Alfonso Jesús Torres-Marín
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The main objective of this research is to exploratorily analyse different factors that influence the decision of the senior population (+50 years) to engage in entrepreneurship activities in a group of Latin American countries. This study considers the motivations for entrepreneurship (opportunity and necessity) and the level of development of the countries.

The authors used data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) with a sample of 22,139 observations of senior individuals in seven Latin American countries surveyed between 2013 and 2017. The authors also used the Human Development Index to capture the relevance of the level of development. The authors employed a multilevel logistic regression model to test the study hypotheses.

The study results show that individual factors such as personal income, education and occupation have a significant influence on the probability of entrepreneurship of senior individuals. Related to contextual factors, the level of human development of a country has a negative influence mainly on opportunity-based entrepreneurs.

Because of the rapidly ageing population in Latin America, understanding senior entrepreneurs and their motivations is very relevant not only in terms of theoretical development but also for policy and practical implications, primarily those related to labour markets and social protection.

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Senior entrepreneurship dynamics: Latin America perspective10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0650International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-07-07© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedJosé Ernesto AmorósMarcelo LeporatiAlfonso Jesús Torres-MarínInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-07-0710.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0650https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0650/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Incentivizing knowledge institutions for entrepreneurship and societyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0652/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestGoing beyond the traditional approach of formal and informal institutions as antecedents of entrepreneurship (directly) and development (indirectly), this paper seeks to explore knowledge institutions as a necessary input for entrepreneurship and the development of societies. Institutional economics lenses are utilized to observe other factors (e.g. the number of R&D staff and researchers from the public sector) that involve laws and socialization processes, which at the same time create knowledge useful for entrepreneurs and society. These ideas are tested through a sample of 281 observations from 17 autonomous communities and two autonomous cities in Spain. The information coming from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), Ministry of Economics, Industry, and Competitiveness, and INE (Instituto Nacional de Estadística), was analyzed through 3SLS, which is useful for a simultaneous equation strategy. Knowledge institutions such as the number of R&D staff and researchers from the public sector are found positively associated with entrepreneurship, which is a factor directly and positively linked to economic development across Spanish regions. The findings help the operationalization of other institutions considered in institutional economics theory and its application to entrepreneurship research. Moreover, the results bring new insights into the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship in the public sector, in which the institutional analysis is implicit.Incentivizing knowledge institutions for entrepreneurship and society
Sebastian Aparicio, Mathew (Mat) Hughes, David Audretsch, David Urbano
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Going beyond the traditional approach of formal and informal institutions as antecedents of entrepreneurship (directly) and development (indirectly), this paper seeks to explore knowledge institutions as a necessary input for entrepreneurship and the development of societies.

Institutional economics lenses are utilized to observe other factors (e.g. the number of R&D staff and researchers from the public sector) that involve laws and socialization processes, which at the same time create knowledge useful for entrepreneurs and society. These ideas are tested through a sample of 281 observations from 17 autonomous communities and two autonomous cities in Spain. The information coming from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), Ministry of Economics, Industry, and Competitiveness, and INE (Instituto Nacional de Estadística), was analyzed through 3SLS, which is useful for a simultaneous equation strategy.

Knowledge institutions such as the number of R&D staff and researchers from the public sector are found positively associated with entrepreneurship, which is a factor directly and positively linked to economic development across Spanish regions.

The findings help the operationalization of other institutions considered in institutional economics theory and its application to entrepreneurship research. Moreover, the results bring new insights into the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship in the public sector, in which the institutional analysis is implicit.

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Incentivizing knowledge institutions for entrepreneurship and society10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0652International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-03-29© 2023 Sebastian Aparicio, Mathew (Mat) Hughes, David Audretsch and David UrbanoSebastian AparicioMathew (Mat) HughesDavid AudretschDavid UrbanoInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-2910.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0652https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2022-0652/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Sebastian Aparicio, Mathew (Mat) Hughes, David Audretsch and David Urbanohttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Exploring the impact of family and organisational values on competence diversity reluctance in rural family SMEshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0682/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to examine how organisational values affect diversity in terms of different competencies in rural family Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). Recruiting a diverse workforce in rural family SMEs can be particularly difficult due to the prevalence of internal family values and the lack of available local specialised competencies. A deficiency of diversity in employment and competence acquisition and development can create problems, as it often prevents rural family SMEs from recruiting employees with a wide variety of qualifications and skills. The study takes on a multi-case method of Swedish rural family SMEs, applying a qualitative content analysis approach. In total, 20 in-depth structured interviews are conducted with rural family SME owners and 2 industries were investigated and compared – the tourism and the manufacturing industries. Rural family SMEs lack long-term employment strategies, and competence diversity does not appear to be a priority for rural family SMEs, as they often have prematurely decided who they will hire rather than what competencies are needed for their long-term business development. It is more important to keep the team of employees tight and the family spirit present than to include competence diversity and mixed qualifications in the employment acquisition and development. Contrary to prior research, our findings indicate that rural family SMEs apply short-term competence diversity strategies rather than long-term prospects regarding competence acquisition and management, due to their family values and rural setting, which strictly narrows the selection of employees and competencies. Also, a general reluctance towards competence diversity is identified, which originates from the very same family values and rural context.Exploring the impact of family and organisational values on competence diversity reluctance in rural family SMEs
Kristin Sabel, Andreas Kallmuenzer, Yvonne Von Friedrichs
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to examine how organisational values affect diversity in terms of different competencies in rural family Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). Recruiting a diverse workforce in rural family SMEs can be particularly difficult due to the prevalence of internal family values and the lack of available local specialised competencies. A deficiency of diversity in employment and competence acquisition and development can create problems, as it often prevents rural family SMEs from recruiting employees with a wide variety of qualifications and skills.

The study takes on a multi-case method of Swedish rural family SMEs, applying a qualitative content analysis approach. In total, 20 in-depth structured interviews are conducted with rural family SME owners and 2 industries were investigated and compared – the tourism and the manufacturing industries.

Rural family SMEs lack long-term employment strategies, and competence diversity does not appear to be a priority for rural family SMEs, as they often have prematurely decided who they will hire rather than what competencies are needed for their long-term business development. It is more important to keep the team of employees tight and the family spirit present than to include competence diversity and mixed qualifications in the employment acquisition and development.

Contrary to prior research, our findings indicate that rural family SMEs apply short-term competence diversity strategies rather than long-term prospects regarding competence acquisition and management, due to their family values and rural setting, which strictly narrows the selection of employees and competencies. Also, a general reluctance towards competence diversity is identified, which originates from the very same family values and rural context.

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Exploring the impact of family and organisational values on competence diversity reluctance in rural family SMEs10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0682International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-03-26© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedKristin SabelAndreas KallmuenzerYvonne Von FriedrichsInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2610.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0682https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0682/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Effectuation and strategic evolution for sustainable longevity: the case of a 19th-generation family firmhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0684/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis article explains the causal mechanism supporting sustainable longevity by analysing the last three generations of one of the oldest family firms in Latin America. An explanatory single-case qualitative research based on critical realism explores why and how this family firm has been able to maintain its multigenerational longevity. Los Lingues's evolutionary strategy, driven by transgenerational entrepreneurship under effectuation, has supported this family firm's sustainable longevity. Its effectual logic emerged mainly from the richness of the firm's historical resources embedded in its identity, knowledge and social capital and priority to preserve socioemotional wealth. This study integrates socioemotional wealth and effectuation theory to explain a family firm's ability to survive through generations and sustain longevity. The study demonstrates the relevance of effectual logic in the entrepreneurial dynamics of a multigenerational family firm. Effectual logic drives the firm evolution and adaptation for sustainable longevity.Effectuation and strategic evolution for sustainable longevity: the case of a 19th-generation family firm
Dianne H.B. Welsh, Orlando Llanos-Contreras, Melany Rebeca Hebles
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This article explains the causal mechanism supporting sustainable longevity by analysing the last three generations of one of the oldest family firms in Latin America.

An explanatory single-case qualitative research based on critical realism explores why and how this family firm has been able to maintain its multigenerational longevity.

Los Lingues's evolutionary strategy, driven by transgenerational entrepreneurship under effectuation, has supported this family firm's sustainable longevity. Its effectual logic emerged mainly from the richness of the firm's historical resources embedded in its identity, knowledge and social capital and priority to preserve socioemotional wealth.

This study integrates socioemotional wealth and effectuation theory to explain a family firm's ability to survive through generations and sustain longevity. The study demonstrates the relevance of effectual logic in the entrepreneurial dynamics of a multigenerational family firm. Effectual logic drives the firm evolution and adaptation for sustainable longevity.

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Effectuation and strategic evolution for sustainable longevity: the case of a 19th-generation family firm10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0684International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-11-17© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedDianne H.B. WelshOrlando Llanos-ContrerasMelany Rebeca HeblesInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-1710.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0684https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0684/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Community startup businesses: the impact of big five personality traits and social media technology acceptance on group buying leadershttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0685/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study investigates how personality traits influence individuals’ intention to become community group buying (CGB) leaders. Data include 517 valid questionnaires that are employed to examine the research model and test the hypotheses using partial least squares structural equation modeling. This study reveals that among the Big Five personality traits, extroversion and neuroticism have more impact on the perceived ease of use and usefulness of social media, and individuals with high levels of these traits are more likely to become CGB leaders. Perceived ease of use only mediates the relationship between agreeableness and CGB leader intention, whereas perceived usefulness mediates the relationships between conscientiousness and CGB leader intention and neuroticism and CGB leader intention. This study can serve as a catalyst for advancing the exploration of how personality traits and social media affect the intention of being CGB leaders. In addition, the study investigates the mediating effect of social media technology acceptance obtaining valuable insights into how social media affects individuals’ intention to become CGB leaders, expanding the research in this field. (1)Individuals with extroversion, neuroticism, and conscientiousness personality traits exhibit higher perceived ease of use and usefulness of social media.(2)Unlike previous research suggested, neurotic individuals appear to be attracted to becoming community group buying (CGB) leaders.(3)Individuals with high agreeableness are encouraged by ease in pursuing CGB leadership.(4)Perceived usefulness mediates the relationship between conscientiousness and CGB leadership intention and neuroticism and CGB leader intention.Community startup businesses: the impact of big five personality traits and social media technology acceptance on group buying leaders
Anne Yenching Liu, Maria Dolores Botella Carrubi, Cristina Blanco González-Tejero
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study investigates how personality traits influence individuals’ intention to become community group buying (CGB) leaders.

Data include 517 valid questionnaires that are employed to examine the research model and test the hypotheses using partial least squares structural equation modeling.

This study reveals that among the Big Five personality traits, extroversion and neuroticism have more impact on the perceived ease of use and usefulness of social media, and individuals with high levels of these traits are more likely to become CGB leaders. Perceived ease of use only mediates the relationship between agreeableness and CGB leader intention, whereas perceived usefulness mediates the relationships between conscientiousness and CGB leader intention and neuroticism and CGB leader intention.

This study can serve as a catalyst for advancing the exploration of how personality traits and social media affect the intention of being CGB leaders. In addition, the study investigates the mediating effect of social media technology acceptance obtaining valuable insights into how social media affects individuals’ intention to become CGB leaders, expanding the research in this field.

  • (1)

    Individuals with extroversion, neuroticism, and conscientiousness personality traits exhibit higher perceived ease of use and usefulness of social media.

  • (2)

    Unlike previous research suggested, neurotic individuals appear to be attracted to becoming community group buying (CGB) leaders.

  • (3)

    Individuals with high agreeableness are encouraged by ease in pursuing CGB leadership.

  • (4)

    Perceived usefulness mediates the relationship between conscientiousness and CGB leadership intention and neuroticism and CGB leader intention.

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Community startup businesses: the impact of big five personality traits and social media technology acceptance on group buying leaders10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0685International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-03-05© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedAnne Yenching LiuMaria Dolores Botella CarrubiCristina Blanco González-TejeroInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-0510.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0685https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0685/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Enacting disruption: how entrepreneurial ventures innovate value propositions to increase the attractiveness of their technologieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0688/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestEntrepreneurial ventures aspiring to disrupt existing market incumbents often use business-model innovation to increase the attractiveness of their offerings. A value proposition is the central element of a business model, and is critical for this purpose. However, how entrepreneurial ventures modify their value propositions to increase the attractiveness of their comparatively inferior offerings is not well understood. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the value proposition innovation (VPI) of aspiring disruptors. The authors used a flexible pattern matching approach to ground the inductive findings in extant theory. The authors conducted 21 semi-structured interviews with managers from startups in the global electric vehicle industry. The authors developed a framework, showing two factors, determinants and tactics, that play a key role in VPI connected by a continuous feedback loop. Directed by the determinants of cognitive antecedents, development drivers and realization capabilities, aspiring disruptors determine the scope, focus and priorities of various configuration and support tactics to enable and secure the success of their value proposition. The authors contribute to theory by showing how cognitive antecedents, development drivers and capabilities determine VPI tactics to disrupt existing market incumbents, furthering the understanding of configuration tactics. The results have important implications for disruptive innovation theory, and entrepreneurship research and practice, as they offer an explanatory framework to analyze strategies of aspiring disruptors who increase the attractiveness of sustainable technologies, thereby accelerating their diffusion.Enacting disruption: how entrepreneurial ventures innovate value propositions to increase the attractiveness of their technologies
Jerome L. Antonio, Alexander Lennart Schmidt, Dominik K. Kanbach, Natanya Meyer
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Entrepreneurial ventures aspiring to disrupt existing market incumbents often use business-model innovation to increase the attractiveness of their offerings. A value proposition is the central element of a business model, and is critical for this purpose. However, how entrepreneurial ventures modify their value propositions to increase the attractiveness of their comparatively inferior offerings is not well understood. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the value proposition innovation (VPI) of aspiring disruptors.

The authors used a flexible pattern matching approach to ground the inductive findings in extant theory. The authors conducted 21 semi-structured interviews with managers from startups in the global electric vehicle industry.

The authors developed a framework, showing two factors, determinants and tactics, that play a key role in VPI connected by a continuous feedback loop. Directed by the determinants of cognitive antecedents, development drivers and realization capabilities, aspiring disruptors determine the scope, focus and priorities of various configuration and support tactics to enable and secure the success of their value proposition.

The authors contribute to theory by showing how cognitive antecedents, development drivers and capabilities determine VPI tactics to disrupt existing market incumbents, furthering the understanding of configuration tactics. The results have important implications for disruptive innovation theory, and entrepreneurship research and practice, as they offer an explanatory framework to analyze strategies of aspiring disruptors who increase the attractiveness of sustainable technologies, thereby accelerating their diffusion.

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Enacting disruption: how entrepreneurial ventures innovate value propositions to increase the attractiveness of their technologies10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0688International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-12-12© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedJerome L. AntonioAlexander Lennart SchmidtDominik K. KanbachNatanya MeyerInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-12-1210.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0688https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0688/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Enablers of students' entrepreneurial intentions: findings from PLS-SEM and fsQCAhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0689/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study explores the enablers of students “entrepreneurial intentions by identifying the factors that raise students” interest in embracing an entrepreneurial career. Entrepreneurship education is increasingly attracting attention as a means of fostering entrepreneurial activity and creating a culture of innovation. Developing students' entrepreneurial intentions is critical to promote entrepreneurship. This research is built on a mixed method approach of partial least squares structural equation modelling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. The factors that influence students ‘entrepreneurial intentions are identified: business incubation programmes, non-reimbursable grants for entrepreneurial students, networking events to promote entrepreneurship, mentoring services, innovation labs for business idea validation and entrepreneurship courses. This knowledge can help develop effective entrepreneurship education programmes. The study also provides actionable insights for educational institutions and policymakers. It underscores the need for innovative educational platforms such as entrepreneurial bootcamps. It also highlights the value of advanced learning environments such as decision theatres to foster a culture of entrepreneurship and innovation. The study contributes to the body of knowledge on entrepreneurship education. It highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach to understand the factors that shape students’ entrepreneurial intentions.Enablers of students' entrepreneurial intentions: findings from PLS-SEM and fsQCA
Julia Anamaria Sisu, Andrei Constantin Tirnovanu, Cristina-Claudia Patriche, Marian Nastase, George Cristian Schin
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study explores the enablers of students “entrepreneurial intentions by identifying the factors that raise students” interest in embracing an entrepreneurial career.

Entrepreneurship education is increasingly attracting attention as a means of fostering entrepreneurial activity and creating a culture of innovation. Developing students' entrepreneurial intentions is critical to promote entrepreneurship. This research is built on a mixed method approach of partial least squares structural equation modelling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis.

The factors that influence students ‘entrepreneurial intentions are identified: business incubation programmes, non-reimbursable grants for entrepreneurial students, networking events to promote entrepreneurship, mentoring services, innovation labs for business idea validation and entrepreneurship courses. This knowledge can help develop effective entrepreneurship education programmes. The study also provides actionable insights for educational institutions and policymakers. It underscores the need for innovative educational platforms such as entrepreneurial bootcamps. It also highlights the value of advanced learning environments such as decision theatres to foster a culture of entrepreneurship and innovation.

The study contributes to the body of knowledge on entrepreneurship education. It highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach to understand the factors that shape students’ entrepreneurial intentions.

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Enablers of students' entrepreneurial intentions: findings from PLS-SEM and fsQCA10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0689International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-01-11© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedJulia Anamaria SisuAndrei Constantin TirnovanuCristina-Claudia PatricheMarian NastaseGeorge Cristian SchinInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-1110.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0689https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0689/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Entrepreneurial intention among women entrepreneurs and the mediating effect of dynamic capabilities: empirical evidence from Lebanonhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0690/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestEntrepreneurship institutions exhibit substantial gender discrimination despite worldwide efforts to decrease the phenomenon. The MENA area has a low percentage of women entrepreneurs since little is known about women’s desire to start their businesses. The authors use the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to explain what influences women's propensity toward entrepreneurship and what factors discourage them. TPB is a psychological theory explaining how individuals act in certain situations. The authors created their database by using a systematic questionnaire. Overall, 350 women entrepreneurs contributed to their dataset. Finally, the authors used structural equation modeling to verify their hypotheses. This study helps them to shed light to better understand the dynamics of Entrepreneurial Intention, in women from Lebanon. The authors do not find any relationship between lack of knowledge, funding, networking and entrepreneurial startup intention for Lebanese women. The role of dynamic capabilities in the entrepreneurial landscape of Lebanon, particularly for women, is substantially highlighted by the full mediation observed in the relationship between lack of knowledge and entrepreneurial start-up intentions. The findings discovered that these capabilities could fully mediate the negative impact of lack of networking on the intention to commence entrepreneurial ventures. This research illustrates and explains how dynamic capabilities mediate the relationship between women entrepreneurs' challenges and their intention to start a business in the Lebanese context.Entrepreneurial intention among women entrepreneurs and the mediating effect of dynamic capabilities: empirical evidence from Lebanon
Nirjhar Nigam, Khodor Shatila
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Entrepreneurship institutions exhibit substantial gender discrimination despite worldwide efforts to decrease the phenomenon. The MENA area has a low percentage of women entrepreneurs since little is known about women’s desire to start their businesses. The authors use the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to explain what influences women's propensity toward entrepreneurship and what factors discourage them.

TPB is a psychological theory explaining how individuals act in certain situations. The authors created their database by using a systematic questionnaire. Overall, 350 women entrepreneurs contributed to their dataset. Finally, the authors used structural equation modeling to verify their hypotheses.

This study helps them to shed light to better understand the dynamics of Entrepreneurial Intention, in women from Lebanon. The authors do not find any relationship between lack of knowledge, funding, networking and entrepreneurial startup intention for Lebanese women. The role of dynamic capabilities in the entrepreneurial landscape of Lebanon, particularly for women, is substantially highlighted by the full mediation observed in the relationship between lack of knowledge and entrepreneurial start-up intentions. The findings discovered that these capabilities could fully mediate the negative impact of lack of networking on the intention to commence entrepreneurial ventures.

This research illustrates and explains how dynamic capabilities mediate the relationship between women entrepreneurs' challenges and their intention to start a business in the Lebanese context.

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Entrepreneurial intention among women entrepreneurs and the mediating effect of dynamic capabilities: empirical evidence from Lebanon10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0690International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-12-20© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedNirjhar NigamKhodor ShatilaInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-12-2010.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0690https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0690/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Relational models and entrepreneurship ecosystemshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0696/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestUsing social relations theory, we argue that entrepreneurship ecosystems must also include relationships such as market pricing, equality matching, authority ranking and communal sharing to be successful and thrive. We theorize using Fiske’s typology that a successful entrepreneurial system must have certain characteristics to be successful. In doing so, we suggest an alternative perspective of the role of exchange relationships in ecosystems which considers both the geographic context and social relationships as equally important ecosystem components. Our contributions include (1) exposing social processes as the explanatory mechanism for exchanges instead of solely market forces, (2) illustrating the role of regional cultural differences in exchanges and (3) emphasizing how entrepreneurs can better realize ecosystem benefits through understanding the methods of exchange in these ecosystems. Social relationships include a wide variety of different types of resources and exchange mechanisms, so by their inclusion into the entrepreneurship ecosystem literature, a more complete view of ecosystems is possible.Relational models and entrepreneurship ecosystems
Jeffrey Muldoon, Joshua S. Bendickson, Eric W. Liguori, Shelby Solomon
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Using social relations theory, we argue that entrepreneurship ecosystems must also include relationships such as market pricing, equality matching, authority ranking and communal sharing to be successful and thrive.

We theorize using Fiske’s typology that a successful entrepreneurial system must have certain characteristics to be successful.

In doing so, we suggest an alternative perspective of the role of exchange relationships in ecosystems which considers both the geographic context and social relationships as equally important ecosystem components. Our contributions include (1) exposing social processes as the explanatory mechanism for exchanges instead of solely market forces, (2) illustrating the role of regional cultural differences in exchanges and (3) emphasizing how entrepreneurs can better realize ecosystem benefits through understanding the methods of exchange in these ecosystems.

Social relationships include a wide variety of different types of resources and exchange mechanisms, so by their inclusion into the entrepreneurship ecosystem literature, a more complete view of ecosystems is possible.

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Relational models and entrepreneurship ecosystems10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0696International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-19© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedJeffrey MuldoonJoshua S. BendicksonEric W. LiguoriShelby SolomonInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1910.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0696https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0696/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Unravelling the entrepreneurial ecosystem conditions spurring the global value chains: a configurational approachhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0738/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDespite the popularity of the entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) concept, research on its value-adding activities receives less attention. Thus, in this article, the authors investigate the role of EEs in supporting global value chain (GVC) activities. The authors employ the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) technique to identify practical configurations of EE’s framework and systemic conditions spurring GVC activities in 80 countries. The findings suggest different configurations of EE`s framework and systemic conditions necessary for various GVC activities regarding input-output structure, geographical scope, upgrading, and forward and backward participation. This study contributes to the extant literature by pioneering the EE approach to explaining GVC development. Moreover, the findings provide novel insights for understanding the EE – GVC interplay. As a result, the study offers a more nuanced understanding of how the EE supports GVC activities.Unravelling the entrepreneurial ecosystem conditions spurring the global value chains: a configurational approach
Jonathan Mukiza Kansheba, Clavis Nwehfor Fubah, Mutaju Isaack Marobhe
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Despite the popularity of the entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) concept, research on its value-adding activities receives less attention. Thus, in this article, the authors investigate the role of EEs in supporting global value chain (GVC) activities.

The authors employ the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) technique to identify practical configurations of EE’s framework and systemic conditions spurring GVC activities in 80 countries.

The findings suggest different configurations of EE`s framework and systemic conditions necessary for various GVC activities regarding input-output structure, geographical scope, upgrading, and forward and backward participation.

This study contributes to the extant literature by pioneering the EE approach to explaining GVC development. Moreover, the findings provide novel insights for understanding the EE – GVC interplay. As a result, the study offers a more nuanced understanding of how the EE supports GVC activities.

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Unravelling the entrepreneurial ecosystem conditions spurring the global value chains: a configurational approach10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0738International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-03-27© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedJonathan Mukiza KanshebaClavis Nwehfor FubahMutaju Isaack MarobheInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2710.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0738https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2023-0738/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
The effect of breadth of external pressure on leaders in small and medium-sized enterprises: does the firm become more entrepreneurial?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-08-2022-0712/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe study explores the relationship between the breadth of external pressures facing leaders of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and the entrepreneurial stance they adopt for their firm, that is, entrepreneurial orientation (EO). Blending attention theory with EO literature, we argue that increasing breadth of external pressures will challenge leaders' attentions with implications for how they seek innovation, risk-taking and bold acts. We highlight an inflection point after which a negative relationship between the breadth of external pressure and EO will turn positive. We use data from a survey of 125 small-sized wineries in France to test this and capture a range of 15 external pressures on entrepreneurs. The main tests and additional robustness tests provide support. It is the breadth of external pressures – as opposed to intensity of any one specific form of pressure – that plays a fundamental role in shaping leaders' adoption of EO in small enterprises over and above internal characteristics. While the results may be context-dependent, they provide support for an attention-based view of entrepreneurial responses by leaders of SMEs under pressure. SME leaders and entrepreneurs should be aware of how their attention is challenged by breadth of pressures from external sources, as this can influence the EO they adopt for their SME. This nonlinear perspective on external pressures influencing the EO of small firms has not been taken in the EO literature to date, despite some recent work that considers only a small range of external pressures.The effect of breadth of external pressure on leaders in small and medium-sized enterprises: does the firm become more entrepreneurial?
Chris Williams, Jacqueline Jing You, Nathalie Spielmann
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The study explores the relationship between the breadth of external pressures facing leaders of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and the entrepreneurial stance they adopt for their firm, that is, entrepreneurial orientation (EO).

Blending attention theory with EO literature, we argue that increasing breadth of external pressures will challenge leaders' attentions with implications for how they seek innovation, risk-taking and bold acts. We highlight an inflection point after which a negative relationship between the breadth of external pressure and EO will turn positive. We use data from a survey of 125 small-sized wineries in France to test this and capture a range of 15 external pressures on entrepreneurs.

The main tests and additional robustness tests provide support. It is the breadth of external pressures – as opposed to intensity of any one specific form of pressure – that plays a fundamental role in shaping leaders' adoption of EO in small enterprises over and above internal characteristics.

While the results may be context-dependent, they provide support for an attention-based view of entrepreneurial responses by leaders of SMEs under pressure.

SME leaders and entrepreneurs should be aware of how their attention is challenged by breadth of pressures from external sources, as this can influence the EO they adopt for their SME.

This nonlinear perspective on external pressures influencing the EO of small firms has not been taken in the EO literature to date, despite some recent work that considers only a small range of external pressures.

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The effect of breadth of external pressure on leaders in small and medium-sized enterprises: does the firm become more entrepreneurial?10.1108/IJEBR-08-2022-0712International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-14© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedChris WilliamsJacqueline Jing YouNathalie SpielmannInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1410.1108/IJEBR-08-2022-0712https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-08-2022-0712/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
How does entrepreneurship education affect employability? Insights from UK higher educationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-08-2023-0856/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to examine the underexplored link between entrepreneurship education (EE) and graduate employability in the higher education (HE) sector in the United Kingdom (UK). The study draws on a thematic content analysis of semi-structured interviews with 45 professionals in UK HE, representing the “supply” side of EE. The findings demonstrate a unidirectional link between EE and employability outcomes. This link is affected by societal, stakeholder-related, and teaching and learning-related factors. Although the value of universities’ initiatives connecting EE and employability for economic development is emphasized, the study does not provide direct empirical evidence for this effect. Macroeconomic research is needed. EE and employability would benefit from knowledge exchange between universities’ stakeholders and a broader understanding of what constitutes a valuable graduate outcome. The study reveals the benefits of EE on a micro level. Participation in EE supports the connection between individual investments in HE and employability. Based on human capital theory, many policymakers regard EE as a vehicle through which the relationship between investments in HE and career success on a micro level and economic growth on a macro level can be nurtured. Challenging this logic, the study highlights the potential of institutional theory to explain a contextualization of the link between EE and employability on a national level.How does entrepreneurship education affect employability? Insights from UK higher education
Carolin Decker-Lange, Knut Lange, Andreas Walmsley
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to examine the underexplored link between entrepreneurship education (EE) and graduate employability in the higher education (HE) sector in the United Kingdom (UK).

The study draws on a thematic content analysis of semi-structured interviews with 45 professionals in UK HE, representing the “supply” side of EE.

The findings demonstrate a unidirectional link between EE and employability outcomes. This link is affected by societal, stakeholder-related, and teaching and learning-related factors.

Although the value of universities’ initiatives connecting EE and employability for economic development is emphasized, the study does not provide direct empirical evidence for this effect. Macroeconomic research is needed.

EE and employability would benefit from knowledge exchange between universities’ stakeholders and a broader understanding of what constitutes a valuable graduate outcome.

The study reveals the benefits of EE on a micro level. Participation in EE supports the connection between individual investments in HE and employability.

Based on human capital theory, many policymakers regard EE as a vehicle through which the relationship between investments in HE and career success on a micro level and economic growth on a macro level can be nurtured. Challenging this logic, the study highlights the potential of institutional theory to explain a contextualization of the link between EE and employability on a national level.

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How does entrepreneurship education affect employability? Insights from UK higher education10.1108/IJEBR-08-2023-0856International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-03-29© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedCarolin Decker-LangeKnut LangeAndreas WalmsleyInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2910.1108/IJEBR-08-2023-0856https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-08-2023-0856/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
A review of and future research agenda on women entrepreneurship in Africahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-10-2022-0890/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper seeks to systematically review and synthesise existing research knowledge on African women entrepreneurship to identify gaps for future studies. The paper conducted a systematic literature review of published studies from 1990 to 2020 on women entrepreneurship in Africa using a 5M gender aware framework of Brush et al. (2009). The systematic literature review of published studies found the fragmentation, descriptive and prescriptive orientation of studies on Africa women entrepreneurship and devoid of theoretical focus. Further, women entrepreneurship studies tended to be underpinned from various disciplines, less from the entrepreneurship lens, mostly quantitative, and at its infancy stage of development. With a primary focus on development, enterprise performance and livelihood, studies rarely attended to issues of motherhood and the nuanced understanding of women entrepreneurship’s embeddedness in family and institutional contexts of Africa. The paper questions the view that women entrepreneurship is a “panacea” and unravels how family context, customary practices, poverty and, rural-urban and formal/informal divide, significantly shape and interact with African women entrepreneurs’ enterprising experience and firm performance. The findings and analyses indicate that any initiatives to support women empowerment via entrepreneurship should consider the socially constructed nature of women entrepreneurship and the subtle interplay of the African institutional contexts’ intricacies, spatial and locational differences which significantly influence women entrepreneurs’ choices, motivations and goals for enterprising. The paper contributes to a holistic understanding of women entrepreneurship in Africa by using a 5M framework to review the research knowledge. In addition, the paper not only identifies unexplored/or less examined issues but also questions the taken-for-granted assumptions of existing knowledge and suggest adoption of context- and gender-sensitive theories and methods.A review of and future research agenda on women entrepreneurship in Africa
Kassa Woldesenbet Beta, Natasha Katuta Mwila, Olapeju Ogunmokun
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper seeks to systematically review and synthesise existing research knowledge on African women entrepreneurship to identify gaps for future studies.

The paper conducted a systematic literature review of published studies from 1990 to 2020 on women entrepreneurship in Africa using a 5M gender aware framework of Brush et al. (2009).

The systematic literature review of published studies found the fragmentation, descriptive and prescriptive orientation of studies on Africa women entrepreneurship and devoid of theoretical focus. Further, women entrepreneurship studies tended to be underpinned from various disciplines, less from the entrepreneurship lens, mostly quantitative, and at its infancy stage of development. With a primary focus on development, enterprise performance and livelihood, studies rarely attended to issues of motherhood and the nuanced understanding of women entrepreneurship’s embeddedness in family and institutional contexts of Africa.

The paper questions the view that women entrepreneurship is a “panacea” and unravels how family context, customary practices, poverty and, rural-urban and formal/informal divide, significantly shape and interact with African women entrepreneurs’ enterprising experience and firm performance.

The findings and analyses indicate that any initiatives to support women empowerment via entrepreneurship should consider the socially constructed nature of women entrepreneurship and the subtle interplay of the African institutional contexts’ intricacies, spatial and locational differences which significantly influence women entrepreneurs’ choices, motivations and goals for enterprising.

The paper contributes to a holistic understanding of women entrepreneurship in Africa by using a 5M framework to review the research knowledge. In addition, the paper not only identifies unexplored/or less examined issues but also questions the taken-for-granted assumptions of existing knowledge and suggest adoption of context- and gender-sensitive theories and methods.

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A review of and future research agenda on women entrepreneurship in Africa10.1108/IJEBR-10-2022-0890International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-03-07© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedKassa Woldesenbet BetaNatasha Katuta MwilaOlapeju OgunmokunInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-0710.1108/IJEBR-10-2022-0890https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-10-2022-0890/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Identity is a matter of place: intersectional identities of Romanian women migrant entrepreneurs on the Eastern-Western European routehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-10-2022-0897/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestRomanian women migrant entrepreneurs (RWMEs) are amongst the largest EU migrant communities in the UK and make significant socioeconomic contributions to both their host and origin nations, but academic research and policy discussions have ignored them. Intersectionality raises complex contextual issues that require comprehensive examination and inclusive policies and programmes. This study is aimed at exploring how Romanian women migrant entrepreneurs experience their transnational intersectional journeys of belonging, as they create, negotiate and enact their intersectional identities of the country of origin, gender and being entrepreneurs in the UK and Romania. This Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) draws on draws upon Crenshaw's (1991) intersectional and Social Identity theories (Tajfel and Turner, 1979) to investigate how nine interviewed RWMEs have experienced their transnational journeys of acculturative belonging in the UK and Romania. The study findings show how RWMEs undo and negotiate their intersecting identities to adhere to socio-cultural standards in both their host and native nations. In the UK, they feel empowered as women entrepreneurs, but in patriarchal Romania, their entrepreneurial identity is revoked, contradicting the prescribed socio-cultural roles. This study responds to the call regarding inequalities in entrepreneurship opportunities (Vershinina et al., 2022). By focussing on the understudied community of RWMEs and exploring new intersectional and transnational contextual insights, it contributes to the literature and practice of migrant entrepreneurship. These empirical findings are essential for the development of evidence-based, disaggregated entrepreneurship programmes and policies. This study responds to the call regarding inequalities in entrepreneurship opportunities (Vershinina et al., 2022). By focussing on the understudied community of RWMEs and exploring new intersectional and transnational contextual insights, it contributes to the literature and practice of migrant entrepreneurship. These empirical findings are essential for the development of evidence-based, disaggregated entrepreneurship programmes and policies.Identity is a matter of place: intersectional identities of Romanian women migrant entrepreneurs on the Eastern-Western European route
Iuliana M. Chitac
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Romanian women migrant entrepreneurs (RWMEs) are amongst the largest EU migrant communities in the UK and make significant socioeconomic contributions to both their host and origin nations, but academic research and policy discussions have ignored them. Intersectionality raises complex contextual issues that require comprehensive examination and inclusive policies and programmes. This study is aimed at exploring how Romanian women migrant entrepreneurs experience their transnational intersectional journeys of belonging, as they create, negotiate and enact their intersectional identities of the country of origin, gender and being entrepreneurs in the UK and Romania.

This Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) draws on draws upon Crenshaw's (1991) intersectional and Social Identity theories (Tajfel and Turner, 1979) to investigate how nine interviewed RWMEs have experienced their transnational journeys of acculturative belonging in the UK and Romania.

The study findings show how RWMEs undo and negotiate their intersecting identities to adhere to socio-cultural standards in both their host and native nations. In the UK, they feel empowered as women entrepreneurs, but in patriarchal Romania, their entrepreneurial identity is revoked, contradicting the prescribed socio-cultural roles.

This study responds to the call regarding inequalities in entrepreneurship opportunities (Vershinina et al., 2022). By focussing on the understudied community of RWMEs and exploring new intersectional and transnational contextual insights, it contributes to the literature and practice of migrant entrepreneurship. These empirical findings are essential for the development of evidence-based, disaggregated entrepreneurship programmes and policies.

This study responds to the call regarding inequalities in entrepreneurship opportunities (Vershinina et al., 2022). By focussing on the understudied community of RWMEs and exploring new intersectional and transnational contextual insights, it contributes to the literature and practice of migrant entrepreneurship. These empirical findings are essential for the development of evidence-based, disaggregated entrepreneurship programmes and policies.

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Identity is a matter of place: intersectional identities of Romanian women migrant entrepreneurs on the Eastern-Western European route10.1108/IJEBR-10-2022-0897International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-11-02© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedIuliana M. ChitacInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-0210.1108/IJEBR-10-2022-0897https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-10-2022-0897/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Unravelling open innovation determinants and firm performance relationships in CEE and SEE countrieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-10-2023-1112/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestOpen innovation (OI), by now one of the major concepts for the analysis of innovation, is seen as a methodology for collaboratively designing and implementing solutions by engaging stakeholders in an iterative and inclusive service design process. This paper aims to empirically investigate OI capacities, defined as a cooperative, knowledge-sharing innovation ecosystem, and to explore how it can lead to improved performance of firms in Central and Eastern European (CEE) and Southeastern European (SEE) countries. The study builds on the World Bank/European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD’s) Business Environment Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) dataset for 2009, 2013 and 2019. Primarily, the research model was estimated using log-transformed ordinary least squares (OLS). Taking into consideration that this method might produce substantial bias, yielding misleading inferences, this study is fitting Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood estimators with robust standard errors and instrumental variable/generalized method of moments estimation (IV/GMM) approach for comparative results. Secondarily, the research model was tested using structural equation modelling (SEM) to investigate the relationship between five OI capacities and firm performance. The findings indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between most OI capacities and firm performance, except for innovation, which did not show a statistically significant relationship with firm performance. Specifically, research and development (R&D), knowledge and coopetition are statistically significant and positively associated with firm performance, whereas transformation is statistically significant but negatively associated with firm performance. The IV/GMM estimations’ findings support the view that the firm performance is significantly affected by OI capacities, together with some control variables such as size, age, foreign ownership and year dummy to have a significant impact on firm performance. This paper fills an identified gap in the literature by investigating the impact of OI on firm performance executed in the specific CEE and SEE country context.Unravelling open innovation determinants and firm performance relationships in CEE and SEE countries
Hyrije Abazi-Alili, Iraj Hashi, Gadaf Rexhepi, Veland Ramadani, Andreas Kallmuenzer
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Open innovation (OI), by now one of the major concepts for the analysis of innovation, is seen as a methodology for collaboratively designing and implementing solutions by engaging stakeholders in an iterative and inclusive service design process. This paper aims to empirically investigate OI capacities, defined as a cooperative, knowledge-sharing innovation ecosystem, and to explore how it can lead to improved performance of firms in Central and Eastern European (CEE) and Southeastern European (SEE) countries.

The study builds on the World Bank/European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD’s) Business Environment Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) dataset for 2009, 2013 and 2019. Primarily, the research model was estimated using log-transformed ordinary least squares (OLS). Taking into consideration that this method might produce substantial bias, yielding misleading inferences, this study is fitting Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood estimators with robust standard errors and instrumental variable/generalized method of moments estimation (IV/GMM) approach for comparative results. Secondarily, the research model was tested using structural equation modelling (SEM) to investigate the relationship between five OI capacities and firm performance.

The findings indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between most OI capacities and firm performance, except for innovation, which did not show a statistically significant relationship with firm performance. Specifically, research and development (R&D), knowledge and coopetition are statistically significant and positively associated with firm performance, whereas transformation is statistically significant but negatively associated with firm performance. The IV/GMM estimations’ findings support the view that the firm performance is significantly affected by OI capacities, together with some control variables such as size, age, foreign ownership and year dummy to have a significant impact on firm performance.

This paper fills an identified gap in the literature by investigating the impact of OI on firm performance executed in the specific CEE and SEE country context.

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Unravelling open innovation determinants and firm performance relationships in CEE and SEE countries10.1108/IJEBR-10-2023-1112International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-03-27© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedHyrije Abazi-AliliIraj HashiGadaf RexhepiVeland RamadaniAndreas KallmuenzerInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2710.1108/IJEBR-10-2023-1112https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-10-2023-1112/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Women's contributions to rural development: implications for entrepreneurship policyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-0973/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestPolicy for women's entrepreneurship is designed to promote economic growth, not least in depleted rural areas, but very little is known about the contributions of rural women entrepreneurs, their needs or how the existing policy is received by them. Using a theoretical framework developed by Korsgaard et al. (2015), the authors analyse how rural women entrepreneurs contribute to rural development and discuss the implications for entrepreneurship policy. This paper aims to focus on the aforementioned objectives. The authors interviewed 32 women entrepreneurs in rural Sweden representing the variety of businesses in which rural Swedish women are engaged. The authors analysed their contributions to rural development by analysing their motives, strategies and outcomes using Korsgaard et al.’s framework of “entrepreneurship in the rural” and “rural entrepreneurship” as a heuristic, interpretative device. Irrespective of industry, the respondents were deeply embedded in family and local social structures. Their contributions were substantial, multidimensional and indispensable for rural viability, but the policy tended to bypass most women-owned businesses. Support in terms of business training, counselling and financing are important, but programmes especially for women tend to miss the mark, and so does rural development policy. More important for rural women entrepreneurs in Sweden is the provision of good public services, including for example, schools and social care, that make rural life possible. Theoretically, the findings question the individualist and a-contextual focus of much entrepreneurship research, as well as the taken-for-granted work–family divide. How gender and how the public and the private are configured varies greatly between contexts and needs contextual assessment. Moreover, the results call for theorising place as an entrepreneurial actor. Based on the findings, the authors advise future policymakers to gender mainstream entrepreneurship policy and to integrate entrepreneurship and rural development policy with family and welfare state policy. The paper highlights how rural women respond to policy, and the results are contextualised, making it possible to compare them to other contexts. The authors widen the discussion on contributions beyond economic growth, and the authors show that policy for public and commercial services and infrastructure is indeed also policy for entrepreneurship.Women's contributions to rural development: implications for entrepreneurship policy
Helene Ahl, Karin Berglund, Katarina Pettersson, Malin Tillmar
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Policy for women's entrepreneurship is designed to promote economic growth, not least in depleted rural areas, but very little is known about the contributions of rural women entrepreneurs, their needs or how the existing policy is received by them. Using a theoretical framework developed by Korsgaard et al. (2015), the authors analyse how rural women entrepreneurs contribute to rural development and discuss the implications for entrepreneurship policy. This paper aims to focus on the aforementioned objectives.

The authors interviewed 32 women entrepreneurs in rural Sweden representing the variety of businesses in which rural Swedish women are engaged. The authors analysed their contributions to rural development by analysing their motives, strategies and outcomes using Korsgaard et al.’s framework of “entrepreneurship in the rural” and “rural entrepreneurship” as a heuristic, interpretative device.

Irrespective of industry, the respondents were deeply embedded in family and local social structures. Their contributions were substantial, multidimensional and indispensable for rural viability, but the policy tended to bypass most women-owned businesses. Support in terms of business training, counselling and financing are important, but programmes especially for women tend to miss the mark, and so does rural development policy. More important for rural women entrepreneurs in Sweden is the provision of good public services, including for example, schools and social care, that make rural life possible.

Theoretically, the findings question the individualist and a-contextual focus of much entrepreneurship research, as well as the taken-for-granted work–family divide. How gender and how the public and the private are configured varies greatly between contexts and needs contextual assessment. Moreover, the results call for theorising place as an entrepreneurial actor.

Based on the findings, the authors advise future policymakers to gender mainstream entrepreneurship policy and to integrate entrepreneurship and rural development policy with family and welfare state policy.

The paper highlights how rural women respond to policy, and the results are contextualised, making it possible to compare them to other contexts. The authors widen the discussion on contributions beyond economic growth, and the authors show that policy for public and commercial services and infrastructure is indeed also policy for entrepreneurship.

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Women's contributions to rural development: implications for entrepreneurship policy10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-0973International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-11-06© 2023 Helene Ahl, Karin Berglund, Katarina Pettersson and Malin TillmarHelene AhlKarin BerglundKatarina PetterssonMalin TillmarInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-0610.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-0973https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-0973/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Helene Ahl, Karin Berglund, Katarina Pettersson and Malin Tillmarhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Gender and entrepreneurial intention in low-income countries: the relative roles played by anticipated financial returns versus perceived barriers for university students in Sierra Leonehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-0980/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of the present study is to investigate the extent to which female and male university students from low-income countries express different entrepreneurial intentions. Specifically, the study empirically tests whether the anticipated financial returns to entrepreneurship versus salaried employment, or the perceived barriers to entrepreneurship exert a stronger influence on the relationship between gender and entrepreneurial intentions. To test the relationship of anticipated rewards versus barriers to entrepreneurship on gender and entrepreneurial intention, the study uses new data from a field survey in Sierra Leone and employs multiple mediation analyses. The authors find that the relationship between gender and entrepreneurial intentions operates through the mediator of perceptions of the financial returns to entrepreneurship but not perceived barriers to entrepreneurship. The authors study intent, not behavior, acknowledging that cognitive intent is a powerful predictor of later behavior. Implications for future research on entrepreneurship in the African context are discussed. The results from this study can be applied to both pedagogic and business settings in the field of entrepreneurship, with concrete implications for policymakers. Results suggest that the gender gap in entrepreneurial intentions (EI) for science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM)- and business-educated students in Sierra Leone is predominantly influenced by anticipated financial returns to occupational choices, as opposed to perceived barriers to entrepreneurship, a more frequently studied antecedent to EI.Gender and entrepreneurial intention in low-income countries: the relative roles played by anticipated financial returns versus perceived barriers for university students in Sierra Leone
Wendy A. Bradley, Caroline Fry
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the extent to which female and male university students from low-income countries express different entrepreneurial intentions. Specifically, the study empirically tests whether the anticipated financial returns to entrepreneurship versus salaried employment, or the perceived barriers to entrepreneurship exert a stronger influence on the relationship between gender and entrepreneurial intentions.

To test the relationship of anticipated rewards versus barriers to entrepreneurship on gender and entrepreneurial intention, the study uses new data from a field survey in Sierra Leone and employs multiple mediation analyses.

The authors find that the relationship between gender and entrepreneurial intentions operates through the mediator of perceptions of the financial returns to entrepreneurship but not perceived barriers to entrepreneurship.

The authors study intent, not behavior, acknowledging that cognitive intent is a powerful predictor of later behavior. Implications for future research on entrepreneurship in the African context are discussed.

The results from this study can be applied to both pedagogic and business settings in the field of entrepreneurship, with concrete implications for policymakers.

Results suggest that the gender gap in entrepreneurial intentions (EI) for science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM)- and business-educated students in Sierra Leone is predominantly influenced by anticipated financial returns to occupational choices, as opposed to perceived barriers to entrepreneurship, a more frequently studied antecedent to EI.

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Gender and entrepreneurial intention in low-income countries: the relative roles played by anticipated financial returns versus perceived barriers for university students in Sierra Leone10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-0980International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-19© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedWendy A. BradleyCaroline FryInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1910.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-0980https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-0980/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Talking with venture capitalists: gender perceptions in investment decisionshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-0993/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe venture capital industry is an important provider of capital to start-ups and has grown considerably in recent decades. This study explores how investors' gender perceptions influence venture capital investment decisions in an industry that remains highly gender imbalanced, both amongst the venture capital decision-makers and with respect to the allocation of capital to entrepreneurs. The authors' approach was informed by a thorough literature review and in-depth qualitative interviews with ten decision-makers at some of the foremost venture capital funds in Norway. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and coded using NVivo. The authors' findings demonstrate that the Norwegian venture capital industry is influenced by homophily and role congruity. The authors highlight the challenges entrepreneurs face in gaining access to venture capital if they are not already members of the investors' network, a situation that results in a recycling effect that helps maintain the industry’s gender imbalance. Moreover, it appears that venture capitalists (VCs) favour masculine characteristics when assessing entrepreneurs, revealing a potential incongruence between female characteristics and perceived entrepreneurial attributes. The authors' study contributes to and extends the extant literature on homophily and role congruity. Indeed, through investigating the gender-based perceptions of VCs, the authors shed new light on the mechanisms involved in their assessment of entrepreneurs, as well as on the drivers and barriers affecting female entrepreneurs.Talking with venture capitalists: gender perceptions in investment decisions
Birgitte Karlstrøm, Tiril Marie Jansen, Marte C.W. Solheim
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The venture capital industry is an important provider of capital to start-ups and has grown considerably in recent decades. This study explores how investors' gender perceptions influence venture capital investment decisions in an industry that remains highly gender imbalanced, both amongst the venture capital decision-makers and with respect to the allocation of capital to entrepreneurs.

The authors' approach was informed by a thorough literature review and in-depth qualitative interviews with ten decision-makers at some of the foremost venture capital funds in Norway. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and coded using NVivo.

The authors' findings demonstrate that the Norwegian venture capital industry is influenced by homophily and role congruity. The authors highlight the challenges entrepreneurs face in gaining access to venture capital if they are not already members of the investors' network, a situation that results in a recycling effect that helps maintain the industry’s gender imbalance. Moreover, it appears that venture capitalists (VCs) favour masculine characteristics when assessing entrepreneurs, revealing a potential incongruence between female characteristics and perceived entrepreneurial attributes.

The authors' study contributes to and extends the extant literature on homophily and role congruity. Indeed, through investigating the gender-based perceptions of VCs, the authors shed new light on the mechanisms involved in their assessment of entrepreneurs, as well as on the drivers and barriers affecting female entrepreneurs.

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Talking with venture capitalists: gender perceptions in investment decisions10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-0993International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-12-19© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedBirgitte KarlstrømTiril Marie JansenMarte C.W. SolheimInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-12-1910.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-0993https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-0993/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Developing entrepreneurial resilience from uncertainty as usual: a learning theory approach on readiness, response and opportunityhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-1025/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study explores resilience learning from uncertainty, taking a holistic view by considering individual, firm and contextual factors. Resilience development is understood by focusing on how uncertainty is related to entrepreneurs and their environment, suggesting that developing resilience needs to be a continuous learning process. This qualitative study explores factors related to entrepreneurial uncertainty, resilience and learning. Evidence is drawn from interviews with rural entrepreneurs in two regions of Indonesia, and analyzed using a rigorous approach to generate codes, second-order themes and aggregate dimensions for the theoretical contributions. Uncertainty readiness, uncertainty response and uncertainty opportunity for resilience emerge as the key learning areas from this study. They are related to resilience on a personal, community and systemic level. The proposed framework relates learning from uncertainty to the process of developing resilience for entrepreneurs and their communities. This study proposes a framework based on resilience motivation and learning from uncertainty as usual. It explores the relationships between uncertainty readiness, responses and opportunities with personal, relational and systemic resilience factors. This contributes to entrepreneurship behavior research at the intersection of organization studies and management in the socio-economic and often informal context of developing countries.Developing entrepreneurial resilience from uncertainty as usual: a learning theory approach on readiness, response and opportunity
Endrit Kromidha, Nia Kurniati Bachtiar
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study explores resilience learning from uncertainty, taking a holistic view by considering individual, firm and contextual factors. Resilience development is understood by focusing on how uncertainty is related to entrepreneurs and their environment, suggesting that developing resilience needs to be a continuous learning process.

This qualitative study explores factors related to entrepreneurial uncertainty, resilience and learning. Evidence is drawn from interviews with rural entrepreneurs in two regions of Indonesia, and analyzed using a rigorous approach to generate codes, second-order themes and aggregate dimensions for the theoretical contributions.

Uncertainty readiness, uncertainty response and uncertainty opportunity for resilience emerge as the key learning areas from this study. They are related to resilience on a personal, community and systemic level. The proposed framework relates learning from uncertainty to the process of developing resilience for entrepreneurs and their communities.

This study proposes a framework based on resilience motivation and learning from uncertainty as usual. It explores the relationships between uncertainty readiness, responses and opportunities with personal, relational and systemic resilience factors. This contributes to entrepreneurship behavior research at the intersection of organization studies and management in the socio-economic and often informal context of developing countries.

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Developing entrepreneurial resilience from uncertainty as usual: a learning theory approach on readiness, response and opportunity10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-1025International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-01-31© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedEndrit KromidhaNia Kurniati BachtiarInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-3110.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-1025https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-1025/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Barriers to entrepreneurship: an intersectional analysis of an early-stage refugee entrepreneurship programme in the United Kingdomhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-1048/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe study deploys Anthias' intersectional framework of social spaces and her concept of translocational positionality to explore the barriers to entrepreneurship for refugee entrepreneurs in the United Kingdom (UK). In particular, the study aims to assess how migrant identities require a specific form of business support. A total of 32 semi-structured interviews with 14 refugee entrepreneurs and 18 business support agents were conducted between April and October 2022 and, together with field notes, were combined for thematic analysis in NVivo 12. Organisational, representational, intersubjective and experiential barriers combined to create practical and psychological deterrents to entrepreneurship for refugees. However, an explicitly humanistic and de-centred approach to business support was (partially) able to counter such barriers. Policymakers and business support agencies should consider intersectional characteristics and the importance of a compassionate and individual approach when designing business support programmes for refugee entrepreneurs. Two intersectional concepts of social spaces and translocational positionality are brought into conversation with each other, creating a novel approach to framing the barriers to entrepreneurship for refugees.Barriers to entrepreneurship: an intersectional analysis of an early-stage refugee entrepreneurship programme in the United Kingdom
Udeni Salmon, Ann Singleton
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The study deploys Anthias' intersectional framework of social spaces and her concept of translocational positionality to explore the barriers to entrepreneurship for refugee entrepreneurs in the United Kingdom (UK). In particular, the study aims to assess how migrant identities require a specific form of business support.

A total of 32 semi-structured interviews with 14 refugee entrepreneurs and 18 business support agents were conducted between April and October 2022 and, together with field notes, were combined for thematic analysis in NVivo 12.

Organisational, representational, intersubjective and experiential barriers combined to create practical and psychological deterrents to entrepreneurship for refugees. However, an explicitly humanistic and de-centred approach to business support was (partially) able to counter such barriers.

Policymakers and business support agencies should consider intersectional characteristics and the importance of a compassionate and individual approach when designing business support programmes for refugee entrepreneurs.

Two intersectional concepts of social spaces and translocational positionality are brought into conversation with each other, creating a novel approach to framing the barriers to entrepreneurship for refugees.

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Barriers to entrepreneurship: an intersectional analysis of an early-stage refugee entrepreneurship programme in the United Kingdom10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-1048International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-11-10© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedUdeni SalmonAnn SingletonInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-1010.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-1048https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2022-1048/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
When does intellectual capital enhance innovation capability? A three-way interaction testhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2021-0976/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIn the current study based on the resource-based view (RBV), a three-way interaction model tests the relationships among human and social capital resources, innovation orientation (IO) and innovation capability in the context of new ventures. Hierarchical linear regression modeling presents the linear relations at two decision layers of start-ups, their founders and managers. Data is collected and analyzed from 233 new ventures in Turkey. Findings of the two and three-way interaction analyses indicate a positive relationship between human capital and innovation capability when social capital and IO are high; however, the relation turns off when low. The study extends the previous works on the proposed link between intellectual capital (IC) resources and innovation, by confirming the moderating role of social capital and IO on the positive association between human capital resources and innovation capability. The results show that for start-up companies, the co-existence of strong social capital and the strategic orientation towards innovation is required for the effective utilization of human capital for generating innovation capability within the organization. Thus, this study highlights the importance of networks, alliances and social relationships, together with the unification of strategic thinking, organizational learning and a culture of innovation for attaining innovation goals, which are crucial for the survival and success of these units. This study presents the first model in the literature which examines the moderating effects of IO and social capital on the human capital-innovation capability relationship.When does intellectual capital enhance innovation capability? A three-way interaction test
Hande Karadag, Faruk Sahin, Cagri Bulut
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

In the current study based on the resource-based view (RBV), a three-way interaction model tests the relationships among human and social capital resources, innovation orientation (IO) and innovation capability in the context of new ventures.

Hierarchical linear regression modeling presents the linear relations at two decision layers of start-ups, their founders and managers. Data is collected and analyzed from 233 new ventures in Turkey.

Findings of the two and three-way interaction analyses indicate a positive relationship between human capital and innovation capability when social capital and IO are high; however, the relation turns off when low.

The study extends the previous works on the proposed link between intellectual capital (IC) resources and innovation, by confirming the moderating role of social capital and IO on the positive association between human capital resources and innovation capability.

The results show that for start-up companies, the co-existence of strong social capital and the strategic orientation towards innovation is required for the effective utilization of human capital for generating innovation capability within the organization. Thus, this study highlights the importance of networks, alliances and social relationships, together with the unification of strategic thinking, organizational learning and a culture of innovation for attaining innovation goals, which are crucial for the survival and success of these units.

This study presents the first model in the literature which examines the moderating effects of IO and social capital on the human capital-innovation capability relationship.

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When does intellectual capital enhance innovation capability? A three-way interaction test10.1108/IJEBR-12-2021-0976International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-02-14© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedHande KaradagFaruk SahinCagri BulutInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-1410.1108/IJEBR-12-2021-0976https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2021-0976/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The impact of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial success and psychological well-being: a person-centered investigationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2021-0977/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestEntrepreneurial passion has important implications for entrepreneurial success and psychological well-being. But their connections are complicated by the fact that three entrepreneurial passions (passion for inventing, passion for founding and passion for developing) can be combined differently according to their level and shape difference. A variable-centered approach cannot explain their relationship very well, by only focusing on the level difference and ignoring the different combination of entrepreneurial passion in subpopulations. The purpose of this study is to explore the function of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial success and psychological well-being from a person-cantered approach. In this study, the authors conducted latent profile analyses to identify different configurations of different entrepreneurial passions (passion for inventing, passion for founding, passion for developing) on two samples of Chinese students and entrepreneurs. Then in the sample of Chinese entrepreneurs, the authors utilized the DCON command in Mplus to provide comparisons among the profiles on entrepreneurial success and psychological well-being. Based on identity theory, the authors found four entrepreneurial passion profiles across two samples—fully passionate, action-driven, interest-driven and dispassionate. Furthermore, the authors found that fully passionate entrepreneurs showed the highest level of entrepreneurial success, followed by action-driven, and then by interest-driven and dispassionate showed the lowest level. Action-driven entrepreneurs experienced the highest level of psychological well-being, followed by fully passionate entrepreneurs, then by interest-driven and dispassionate. The results provide new insights into the nature and influence of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial success and psychological well-being from a person-centered perspective.The impact of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial success and psychological well-being: a person-centered investigation
Chunxiao Chen, Jian Zhang, Huirong Tian, Xing Bu
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Entrepreneurial passion has important implications for entrepreneurial success and psychological well-being. But their connections are complicated by the fact that three entrepreneurial passions (passion for inventing, passion for founding and passion for developing) can be combined differently according to their level and shape difference. A variable-centered approach cannot explain their relationship very well, by only focusing on the level difference and ignoring the different combination of entrepreneurial passion in subpopulations. The purpose of this study is to explore the function of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial success and psychological well-being from a person-cantered approach.

In this study, the authors conducted latent profile analyses to identify different configurations of different entrepreneurial passions (passion for inventing, passion for founding, passion for developing) on two samples of Chinese students and entrepreneurs. Then in the sample of Chinese entrepreneurs, the authors utilized the DCON command in Mplus to provide comparisons among the profiles on entrepreneurial success and psychological well-being.

Based on identity theory, the authors found four entrepreneurial passion profiles across two samples—fully passionate, action-driven, interest-driven and dispassionate. Furthermore, the authors found that fully passionate entrepreneurs showed the highest level of entrepreneurial success, followed by action-driven, and then by interest-driven and dispassionate showed the lowest level. Action-driven entrepreneurs experienced the highest level of psychological well-being, followed by fully passionate entrepreneurs, then by interest-driven and dispassionate.

The results provide new insights into the nature and influence of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial success and psychological well-being from a person-centered perspective.

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The impact of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial success and psychological well-being: a person-centered investigation10.1108/IJEBR-12-2021-0977International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2022-09-19© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedChunxiao ChenJian ZhangHuirong TianXing BuInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-1910.1108/IJEBR-12-2021-0977https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2021-0977/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Understanding the relevance of family business, gender and value chains for SMEs' innovation in the context of COVID-19https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2021-1028/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIn this paper, the authors present an empirical framework that incorporates different factors of the impact of COVID-19 on small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in La Rioja, Spain, in relation to the value chain, gender and family business and allows the evaluation of these impacts on the SMEs' outcomes. The authors conduct exploratory research based on phone interviews with 329 business managers from SMEs in La Rioja (Spain), from June 1 to June 30 2021, using ordinary least squares linear regression and matching procedures to test the study hypotheses. The results show that the impact of COVID-19 related to primary activities in adding value, such as inbound logistics, operations and marketing, have a positive influence on innovation outcomes in SMEs, as do female managers. Family SMEs present poorer innovation outcomes. At the organizational level, this paper may be of interest to management, and at the national and regional levels to policymakers, since it could help to develop policies that support SMEs' sourcing, operations and marketing in order to prepare for potential value chain disruptions. Additionally, this research may help decision-makers to foster and promote innovation in SMEs as a way of ensuring their resilience. In this paper, the authors provide novel evidence about the effect of COVID-19 in SMEs. Moreover, it has been shown that the COVID-19 pandemic has triggered the redefinition of supply chains at the organizational level.Understanding the relevance of family business, gender and value chains for SMEs' innovation in the context of COVID-19
José Antonio Clemente-Almendros, Inés González-González, Luis Manuel Cerdá-Suárez, Luis Alberto Seguí-Amortegui
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

In this paper, the authors present an empirical framework that incorporates different factors of the impact of COVID-19 on small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in La Rioja, Spain, in relation to the value chain, gender and family business and allows the evaluation of these impacts on the SMEs' outcomes.

The authors conduct exploratory research based on phone interviews with 329 business managers from SMEs in La Rioja (Spain), from June 1 to June 30 2021, using ordinary least squares linear regression and matching procedures to test the study hypotheses.

The results show that the impact of COVID-19 related to primary activities in adding value, such as inbound logistics, operations and marketing, have a positive influence on innovation outcomes in SMEs, as do female managers. Family SMEs present poorer innovation outcomes.

At the organizational level, this paper may be of interest to management, and at the national and regional levels to policymakers, since it could help to develop policies that support SMEs' sourcing, operations and marketing in order to prepare for potential value chain disruptions. Additionally, this research may help decision-makers to foster and promote innovation in SMEs as a way of ensuring their resilience.

In this paper, the authors provide novel evidence about the effect of COVID-19 in SMEs. Moreover, it has been shown that the COVID-19 pandemic has triggered the redefinition of supply chains at the organizational level.

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Understanding the relevance of family business, gender and value chains for SMEs' innovation in the context of COVID-1910.1108/IJEBR-12-2021-1028International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-02-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedJosé Antonio Clemente-AlmendrosInés González-GonzálezLuis Manuel Cerdá-SuárezLuis Alberto Seguí-AmorteguiInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-2810.1108/IJEBR-12-2021-1028https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2021-1028/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Mediating agricultural entrepreneurship through embracing innovative technology: a tale from small rural enterprises in an emerging economyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1055/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe study evaluates small marginal farmers’ (SMFs) potential behavior, attitude and trust in the adoption of innovative emerging technologies. The study employed an agile multi-factor approach to conceptualize a digital marketplace to connect a supply chain ecosystem for stakeholders. The empirical findings suggest that most SMFs are willing to embrace innovative technologies. Nonetheless, they lack the necessary technological oriented education, training and funds to innovate. However, their reluctance to adapt changes is attributable to their fear of losing past customs and practices; they were threatened by the reaction of intermediaries (arthyias) to the adoption of technologies, which could result in them suffering huge losses. This innovative disintermediation business model has a significant potential to reduce information asymmetry, cost and hoarding – and can thus increase the SMFs’ profit margins. Agricultural technological innovations have a profound potential to impact their supply chain logistics positively by reducing the wastage of perishable food and thus enhancing the consumer experience.Mediating agricultural entrepreneurship through embracing innovative technology: a tale from small rural enterprises in an emerging economy
Navjot Sandhu, Javed Hussain, Jonathan M. Scott
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The study evaluates small marginal farmers’ (SMFs) potential behavior, attitude and trust in the adoption of innovative emerging technologies.

The study employed an agile multi-factor approach to conceptualize a digital marketplace to connect a supply chain ecosystem for stakeholders.

The empirical findings suggest that most SMFs are willing to embrace innovative technologies. Nonetheless, they lack the necessary technological oriented education, training and funds to innovate. However, their reluctance to adapt changes is attributable to their fear of losing past customs and practices; they were threatened by the reaction of intermediaries (arthyias) to the adoption of technologies, which could result in them suffering huge losses.

This innovative disintermediation business model has a significant potential to reduce information asymmetry, cost and hoarding – and can thus increase the SMFs’ profit margins. Agricultural technological innovations have a profound potential to impact their supply chain logistics positively by reducing the wastage of perishable food and thus enhancing the consumer experience.

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Mediating agricultural entrepreneurship through embracing innovative technology: a tale from small rural enterprises in an emerging economy10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1055International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-05© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedNavjot SandhuJaved HussainJonathan M. ScottInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-0510.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1055https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1055/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
The effects of neurodiversity on cognitive attributes of entrepreneurshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1079/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study investigates how attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in entrepreneurs functions through coping schema to affect entrepreneurship-related cognitions. It is proposed that the resource-induced coping heuristic (RICH) bridges the conceptual gap between pathological cognitive executive control/reward attributes and cognitive resources, specifically entrepreneurial alertness, cognitive adaptability and entrepreneurial intent. With data from 581 entrepreneurs, this study utilizes partial least squares structural equation modeling for analysis. Additionally, a two-stage hierarchical component modeling approach was used to estimate latent variable scores for higher-order constructs. Findings indicate the RICH mediates the relationships ADHD has with alertness, cognitive adaptability and entrepreneurial intent. The RICH is introduced as a mechanism to explain how ADHD indirectly influences entrepreneurial alertness, cognitive adaptability and entrepreneurial intent.The effects of neurodiversity on cognitive attributes of entrepreneurs
Stephen E. Lanivich, Curt Moore, Nancy McIntyre
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study investigates how attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in entrepreneurs functions through coping schema to affect entrepreneurship-related cognitions. It is proposed that the resource-induced coping heuristic (RICH) bridges the conceptual gap between pathological cognitive executive control/reward attributes and cognitive resources, specifically entrepreneurial alertness, cognitive adaptability and entrepreneurial intent.

With data from 581 entrepreneurs, this study utilizes partial least squares structural equation modeling for analysis. Additionally, a two-stage hierarchical component modeling approach was used to estimate latent variable scores for higher-order constructs.

Findings indicate the RICH mediates the relationships ADHD has with alertness, cognitive adaptability and entrepreneurial intent.

The RICH is introduced as a mechanism to explain how ADHD indirectly influences entrepreneurial alertness, cognitive adaptability and entrepreneurial intent.

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The effects of neurodiversity on cognitive attributes of entrepreneurs10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1079International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-01-15© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedStephen E. LanivichCurt MooreNancy McIntyreInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-1510.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1079https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1079/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Subsistence entrepreneurship and intersectional inequalities: a case study of women from Pakistani urban-poor districtshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1094/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe study adopts an intersectional approach to identify the key dimension(s) that reproduce inequalities in women's subsistence entrepreneurship within urban-poor settings in the global south. The in-depth case study is based on 44 semi-structured interviews and four focus-group discussions with women entrepreneurs based within urban-poor dwellings in the twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The authors contribute to the literature by identifying how intersecting socio-class and socioeconomic inequalities, and patriarchal norms of izzat (meaning: honour, respect) and purdah (or veil), perpetuate disadvantage for women entrepreneurs producing and/or selling business goods and services. The findings challenge the view of entrepreneurship as a meritocratic and neutral activity for social emancipation. The authors argue that multiple social hierarchies and inequalities operate simultaneously, but how these are understood, exercised and reproduce disadvantage for women entrepreneurs, depends on their social class. The authors propose a triple bind of domestic, market and societal inequalities as a heuristic framework for understanding intersecting inequalities, patriarchy and subsistence entrepreneurship in Pakistan, specifically the global south.Subsistence entrepreneurship and intersectional inequalities: a case study of women from Pakistani urban-poor districts
Uzair Shah, Niall Hayes, Asfia Obaid
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The study adopts an intersectional approach to identify the key dimension(s) that reproduce inequalities in women's subsistence entrepreneurship within urban-poor settings in the global south.

The in-depth case study is based on 44 semi-structured interviews and four focus-group discussions with women entrepreneurs based within urban-poor dwellings in the twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

The authors contribute to the literature by identifying how intersecting socio-class and socioeconomic inequalities, and patriarchal norms of izzat (meaning: honour, respect) and purdah (or veil), perpetuate disadvantage for women entrepreneurs producing and/or selling business goods and services.

The findings challenge the view of entrepreneurship as a meritocratic and neutral activity for social emancipation. The authors argue that multiple social hierarchies and inequalities operate simultaneously, but how these are understood, exercised and reproduce disadvantage for women entrepreneurs, depends on their social class. The authors propose a triple bind of domestic, market and societal inequalities as a heuristic framework for understanding intersecting inequalities, patriarchy and subsistence entrepreneurship in Pakistan, specifically the global south.

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Subsistence entrepreneurship and intersectional inequalities: a case study of women from Pakistani urban-poor districts10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1094International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-02-13© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedUzair ShahNiall HayesAsfia ObaidInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1310.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1094https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1094/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
“Doing inequality, doing intersectionality”: intersectionality as threshold concept for studying inequalities in entrepreneurial activityhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1113/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper intervenes in existing literature on entrepreneurship and inequalities by proposing a novel reframing of intersectionality as a threshold concept, an important idea that enables us to deepen and progress the understanding of complex subjectivities. Drawing from education studies, intersectionality is explored through the five key features of threshold concepts: (1) transformative, (2) irreversible, (3) integrative, (4) bounded and (5) troublesome. We offer a set of reflection questions for what we call “doing intersectionality.” We develop a metacritique of the way in which the concept of intersectionality has thus far been treated in feminist theory and applied in entrepreneurship studies – namely, as the culmination of thinking about difference and inequality, decoupled from its roots in collectivist analysis and Black and anti-racist feminism. The paper invites scholars of entrepreneurial inequalities to both engage and look beyond an intersectional lens to better elucidate the range of historically emergent social hierarchies and systems of power that shape their phenomena of interest. Through reframing intersectionality as a threshold concept, this paper challenges entrepreneurship researchers to view intersectionality as a foundational starting point for the conceptualisation of complex interactions of social structures, and the structural inequality and power relationships present within their research, rather than a destination.“Doing inequality, doing intersectionality”: intersectionality as threshold concept for studying inequalities in entrepreneurial activity
Angela Martinez Dy, Heatherjean MacNeil
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper intervenes in existing literature on entrepreneurship and inequalities by proposing a novel reframing of intersectionality as a threshold concept, an important idea that enables us to deepen and progress the understanding of complex subjectivities.

Drawing from education studies, intersectionality is explored through the five key features of threshold concepts: (1) transformative, (2) irreversible, (3) integrative, (4) bounded and (5) troublesome. We offer a set of reflection questions for what we call “doing intersectionality.”

We develop a metacritique of the way in which the concept of intersectionality has thus far been treated in feminist theory and applied in entrepreneurship studies – namely, as the culmination of thinking about difference and inequality, decoupled from its roots in collectivist analysis and Black and anti-racist feminism. The paper invites scholars of entrepreneurial inequalities to both engage and look beyond an intersectional lens to better elucidate the range of historically emergent social hierarchies and systems of power that shape their phenomena of interest.

Through reframing intersectionality as a threshold concept, this paper challenges entrepreneurship researchers to view intersectionality as a foundational starting point for the conceptualisation of complex interactions of social structures, and the structural inequality and power relationships present within their research, rather than a destination.

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“Doing inequality, doing intersectionality”: intersectionality as threshold concept for studying inequalities in entrepreneurial activity10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1113International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2023-11-21© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAngela Martinez DyHeatherjean MacNeilInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-2110.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1113https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1113/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Everyday prejudices: an intersectional exploration of the experiences of lesbian and gay entrepreneurshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1114/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThere is a gap in understanding with regards to the discrimination and prejudice experienced by gay entrepreneurs. To address this, an intersectional perspective is adopted to facilitate a better understanding of how lesbian and gay entrepreneurs may experience heterosexism. This qualitative study uses semi-structured interviews to explore the experiences of 14 lesbian and gay entrepreneurs as they navigate homophobia and heterosexism. The study contributes novel insights to the field of entrepreneurship, extending the study of lesbian and gay entrepreneurs to include gender and a fine-grained analysis of the experience of heterosexism. Its inclusion of an intersectional perspective of the lesbian-female entrepreneur expands the emerging body of literature examining intersectional identities of minority entrepreneurs. The authors provide a more nuanced understanding of the impact of heterosexism on LGBT+ entrepreneurial activities. This is facilitated by the authors' adoption of an intersectional perspective which shows how the different axes of identity influenced gender identity performance in relation to the model of perceived neutrality in LGBT+ entrepreneurship. The authors also make an original contribution to minority stress literature through the authors' exploration of one facet of minority entrepreneurship, namely the impact of heterosexism on LGBT+ entrepreneurial activities.Everyday prejudices: an intersectional exploration of the experiences of lesbian and gay entrepreneurs
Etain Kidney, Maura McAdam, Thomas M. Cooney
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

There is a gap in understanding with regards to the discrimination and prejudice experienced by gay entrepreneurs. To address this, an intersectional perspective is adopted to facilitate a better understanding of how lesbian and gay entrepreneurs may experience heterosexism.

This qualitative study uses semi-structured interviews to explore the experiences of 14 lesbian and gay entrepreneurs as they navigate homophobia and heterosexism.

The study contributes novel insights to the field of entrepreneurship, extending the study of lesbian and gay entrepreneurs to include gender and a fine-grained analysis of the experience of heterosexism. Its inclusion of an intersectional perspective of the lesbian-female entrepreneur expands the emerging body of literature examining intersectional identities of minority entrepreneurs.

The authors provide a more nuanced understanding of the impact of heterosexism on LGBT+ entrepreneurial activities. This is facilitated by the authors' adoption of an intersectional perspective which shows how the different axes of identity influenced gender identity performance in relation to the model of perceived neutrality in LGBT+ entrepreneurship. The authors also make an original contribution to minority stress literature through the authors' exploration of one facet of minority entrepreneurship, namely the impact of heterosexism on LGBT+ entrepreneurial activities.

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Everyday prejudices: an intersectional exploration of the experiences of lesbian and gay entrepreneurs10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1114International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-01-29© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedEtain KidneyMaura McAdamThomas M. CooneyInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-2910.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1114https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1114/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Intersectional entrepreneurship: the burden of contextual embeddedness beyond the businesshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1117/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to shed new light on the contextual embeddedness of intersectional entrepreneurs, i.e. entrepreneurs situated at the intersection of multiple marginalized diversity attributes, beyond simply business strategies and decisions. Taking an emic perspective on everyday practices as intersectional entrepreneurs, it uncovers neglected dimensions of the contextuality of intersectional discriminations. The study presents qualitative data analysis results of in-depth narrative interviews with six intersectional entrepreneurs, all LGBTIQA* entrepreneurs with further diversity dimensions. It provides an emic view of intersectional entrepreneurs, in their everyday lives and the contexts, in which they develop their businesses. Intersectional entrepreneurs face different burdens induced by social structures along the entrepreneurial process. While access to the niche market is more difficult and they lack community support, their realization of intersectional discrimination is crucial for the development of business strategies. Simultaneously, intersectional entrepreneurs use their specific diversity attributes to develop their business, yet this proximity of their identity and the business contents has severe consequences for their mental state. Intersectional entrepreneurs adjust to the balance of opportunity and vulnerability. As intersectional entrepreneurs are barred from conventional institutional support and also have limited access to resources from their respective social networks, there is an urgency to provide specific support for such entrepreneurs.Intersectional entrepreneurship: the burden of contextual embeddedness beyond the business
Sakura Yamamura, Paul Lassalle
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to shed new light on the contextual embeddedness of intersectional entrepreneurs, i.e. entrepreneurs situated at the intersection of multiple marginalized diversity attributes, beyond simply business strategies and decisions. Taking an emic perspective on everyday practices as intersectional entrepreneurs, it uncovers neglected dimensions of the contextuality of intersectional discriminations.

The study presents qualitative data analysis results of in-depth narrative interviews with six intersectional entrepreneurs, all LGBTIQA* entrepreneurs with further diversity dimensions. It provides an emic view of intersectional entrepreneurs, in their everyday lives and the contexts, in which they develop their businesses.

Intersectional entrepreneurs face different burdens induced by social structures along the entrepreneurial process. While access to the niche market is more difficult and they lack community support, their realization of intersectional discrimination is crucial for the development of business strategies. Simultaneously, intersectional entrepreneurs use their specific diversity attributes to develop their business, yet this proximity of their identity and the business contents has severe consequences for their mental state. Intersectional entrepreneurs adjust to the balance of opportunity and vulnerability.

As intersectional entrepreneurs are barred from conventional institutional support and also have limited access to resources from their respective social networks, there is an urgency to provide specific support for such entrepreneurs.

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Intersectional entrepreneurship: the burden of contextual embeddedness beyond the business10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1117International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research2024-01-09© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedSakura YamamuraPaul LassalleInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Researchahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-0910.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1117https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2022-1117/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited