EuroMed Journal of BusinessTable of Contents for EuroMed Journal of Business. List of articles from the current issue, including Just Accepted (EarlyCite)https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/1450-2194/vol/18/iss/4?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestEuroMed Journal of BusinessEmerald Publishing LimitedEuroMed Journal of BusinessEuroMed Journal of Businesshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/proxy/containerImg?link=/resource/publication/journal/b5f237135bc4f0ab59aaca14c141ad68/urn:emeraldgroup.com:asset:id:binary:emjb.cover.jpghttps://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/1450-2194/vol/18/iss/4?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestAn empirical study on data warehouse systems effectiveness: the case of Jordanian banks in the business intelligence erahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0011/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDespite the increasing role of the data warehouse as a supportive decision-making tool in today's business world, academic research for measuring its effectiveness has been lacking. This paucity of academic interest stimulated us to evaluate data warehousing effectiveness in the organizational context of Jordanian banks. This paper develops a theoretical model specific to the data warehouse system domain that builds on the DeLone and McLean model. The model is empirically tested by means of structural equation modelling applying the partial least squares approach and using data collected in a survey questionnaire from 127 respondents at Jordanian banks. Empirical data analysis supported that data quality, system quality, user satisfaction, individual benefits and organizational benefits have made strong contributions to data warehousing effectiveness in our organizational data context. The results provide a better understanding of the data warehouse effectiveness and its importance in enabling the Jordanian banks to be competitive. This study is indeed one of the first empirical attempts to measure data warehouse system effectiveness and the first of its kind in an emerging country such as Jordan.An empirical study on data warehouse systems effectiveness: the case of Jordanian banks in the business intelligence era
Aws Al-Okaily, Manaf Al-Okaily, Ai Ping Teoh, Mutaz M. Al-Debei
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp.489-510

Despite the increasing role of the data warehouse as a supportive decision-making tool in today's business world, academic research for measuring its effectiveness has been lacking. This paucity of academic interest stimulated us to evaluate data warehousing effectiveness in the organizational context of Jordanian banks.

This paper develops a theoretical model specific to the data warehouse system domain that builds on the DeLone and McLean model. The model is empirically tested by means of structural equation modelling applying the partial least squares approach and using data collected in a survey questionnaire from 127 respondents at Jordanian banks.

Empirical data analysis supported that data quality, system quality, user satisfaction, individual benefits and organizational benefits have made strong contributions to data warehousing effectiveness in our organizational data context.

The results provide a better understanding of the data warehouse effectiveness and its importance in enabling the Jordanian banks to be competitive.

This study is indeed one of the first empirical attempts to measure data warehouse system effectiveness and the first of its kind in an emerging country such as Jordan.

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An empirical study on data warehouse systems effectiveness: the case of Jordanian banks in the business intelligence era10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0011EuroMed Journal of Business2022-05-12© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAws Al-OkailyManaf Al-OkailyAi Ping TeohMutaz M. Al-DebeiEuroMed Journal of Business1842022-05-1210.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0011https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0011/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The non-uniform relationship between CEO stock options and strategic risk-taking: the moderating role of firm performancehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0023/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between stock options compensation and firm strategic risk-taking, employing a quantile regression (QR) model. This study aims to analyze whether the impact of stock options on firm strategic risk-taking changes across various quantiles and investigates the moderating role of firm performance. This study is based on a sample of 90 French firms for the period extending from 2008 to 2019. To deal with the non-uniform association, the authors use a panel quantile method. The results reveal that the impact of chief executive officer (CEO) stock options on firm strategic risk-taking varies across risk-taking quantiles. More specifically, the study’s results show a positive association at low quantile levels of strategic risk-taking, measured by research and development (R&D) and a negative linkage at high levels. The authors also find that firm performance moderates the impact of CEO stock options on strategic risk-taking. The non-uniform relationship between CEO stock options and firm strategic risk-taking shows that the weight of CEO stock options in the total compensation can be a major determinant of the firm's strategic risk-taking attitude. This study extends existing research on executive compensation and strategic risk-taking. Thus, this study has the potential to help stakeholders, board of directors and regulators, who are attempting to understand how the compensation contract – in particular, stock option pay – is related to the risk behavior of the agents and guide them to structure the executive compensation in an optimal way.The non-uniform relationship between CEO stock options and strategic risk-taking: the moderating role of firm performance
Sedki Zaiane, Halim Dabbou, Mohamed Imen Gallali
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp.511-531

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between stock options compensation and firm strategic risk-taking, employing a quantile regression (QR) model. This study aims to analyze whether the impact of stock options on firm strategic risk-taking changes across various quantiles and investigates the moderating role of firm performance.

This study is based on a sample of 90 French firms for the period extending from 2008 to 2019. To deal with the non-uniform association, the authors use a panel quantile method.

The results reveal that the impact of chief executive officer (CEO) stock options on firm strategic risk-taking varies across risk-taking quantiles. More specifically, the study’s results show a positive association at low quantile levels of strategic risk-taking, measured by research and development (R&D) and a negative linkage at high levels. The authors also find that firm performance moderates the impact of CEO stock options on strategic risk-taking.

The non-uniform relationship between CEO stock options and firm strategic risk-taking shows that the weight of CEO stock options in the total compensation can be a major determinant of the firm's strategic risk-taking attitude.

This study extends existing research on executive compensation and strategic risk-taking. Thus, this study has the potential to help stakeholders, board of directors and regulators, who are attempting to understand how the compensation contract – in particular, stock option pay – is related to the risk behavior of the agents and guide them to structure the executive compensation in an optimal way.

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The non-uniform relationship between CEO stock options and strategic risk-taking: the moderating role of firm performance10.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0023EuroMed Journal of Business2022-05-17© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedSedki ZaianeHalim DabbouMohamed Imen GallaliEuroMed Journal of Business1842022-05-1710.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0023https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0023/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Board of directors and target price performance: evidence from Tunisiahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0141/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis article examines the link between the structure of the board of directors and target price accuracy using a sample of 51 listed firms on the Tunisian Stock Exchange over the period of 2011–2017. In this study, the authors used the generalised method of moments (GMM) model to control the endogeneity problem. As a result, that model can serve as a signal in the forecasting process. The authors' results suggest that target price accuracy is negatively related to board independence, and dual Chief Executive officer (CEO). In addition, CEO compensation tends to exert a negative impact on target price error. The authors' findings are valuable for common investors because the findings can be useful in enhancing their capital allocation decisions by assigning higher weights to forecasts issued by firms with strong corporate governance systems. The authors' study also has practical implications for managers and policymakers. Specifically, the evidence provided herein suggests that firms with strong corporate governance mechanisms enhance the accuracy of market expectations, alleviate information asymmetry, and limit market surprises, especially in a context characterised by weak investor protection. The authors' results highlight the advantages of strong corporate governance in improving a firm's information environment and, therefore, are useful for the cost–benefit analysis of improving internal governance mechanisms. Additionally, the authors' results may prove useful to investors who can rely on the information provided by analysts for well-governed companies. The authors' study contributes to the literature in both corporate governance and analysts' forecasts fields. The study provides additional evidence of the benefit of board quality attributes on target price accuracy in an emerging market characterised by high information asymmetry and weak investor protection. The authors' findings exhibit the effectiveness of board attributes in producing better financial information quality in Tunisia. This is useful for investors who may improve their capital allocation decisions by assigning greater weights to target price forecasts of companies with good governance quality, suggesting that good corporate governance is a credible signal of better financial information quality. These results have important implications for capital market regulators and corporate management in encouraging the implementation of good governance practices. The authors attempted to assess whether corporate governance of listed firms are priced in the Tunisian context characterised by weak governance control and to highlight which mechanism is highly considered by independent financial analysts to build their forecasts.Board of directors and target price performance: evidence from Tunisia
Imen Fredj, Marjene Rabah Gana
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp.532-551

This article examines the link between the structure of the board of directors and target price accuracy using a sample of 51 listed firms on the Tunisian Stock Exchange over the period of 2011–2017.

In this study, the authors used the generalised method of moments (GMM) model to control the endogeneity problem.

As a result, that model can serve as a signal in the forecasting process. The authors' results suggest that target price accuracy is negatively related to board independence, and dual Chief Executive officer (CEO). In addition, CEO compensation tends to exert a negative impact on target price error.

The authors' findings are valuable for common investors because the findings can be useful in enhancing their capital allocation decisions by assigning higher weights to forecasts issued by firms with strong corporate governance systems. The authors' study also has practical implications for managers and policymakers. Specifically, the evidence provided herein suggests that firms with strong corporate governance mechanisms enhance the accuracy of market expectations, alleviate information asymmetry, and limit market surprises, especially in a context characterised by weak investor protection. The authors' results highlight the advantages of strong corporate governance in improving a firm's information environment and, therefore, are useful for the cost–benefit analysis of improving internal governance mechanisms. Additionally, the authors' results may prove useful to investors who can rely on the information provided by analysts for well-governed companies.

The authors' study contributes to the literature in both corporate governance and analysts' forecasts fields. The study provides additional evidence of the benefit of board quality attributes on target price accuracy in an emerging market characterised by high information asymmetry and weak investor protection. The authors' findings exhibit the effectiveness of board attributes in producing better financial information quality in Tunisia. This is useful for investors who may improve their capital allocation decisions by assigning greater weights to target price forecasts of companies with good governance quality, suggesting that good corporate governance is a credible signal of better financial information quality. These results have important implications for capital market regulators and corporate management in encouraging the implementation of good governance practices.

The authors attempted to assess whether corporate governance of listed firms are priced in the Tunisian context characterised by weak governance control and to highlight which mechanism is highly considered by independent financial analysts to build their forecasts.

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Board of directors and target price performance: evidence from Tunisia10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0141EuroMed Journal of Business2022-05-17© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedImen FredjMarjene Rabah GanaEuroMed Journal of Business1842022-05-1710.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0141https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0141/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The influence of corporate governance and corporate social responsibility on corporate performance: an Iberian panel data evidencehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0002/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe main goal of this paper is to study the influence of some corporate governance, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and corporate-specific characteristics on the performance of Iberian-listed companies. To achieve the paper's aim, the authors have used data from 33 Portuguese-listed companies, and 60 Spanish-listed companies, for the period 2011 to 2018. To test the hypotheses, the authors employed the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation method, developed by Arellano and Bover (1995) and Blundell and Bond (1998). The results point out that the performance determinants vary depending on the country under analysis and the variable used to measure performance. Despite being neighbors and historically commercially close, these countries have differences in their governmental, social and economic structure that lead to different stakeholder perceptions on the determinants of corporate performance. Specifically, when the authors use Tobin's Q as a market performance variable, board independence and the existence of a CSR committee have different signs in the two countries. The same happens when return on assets (ROA) is used as an accounting variable for internal management, implying that both, managers and potential investors of the two countries have different understandings about the variables that influence their performance. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to comparatively analyze the two countries of the Iberian Peninsula, analyzing the effect of corporate governance and social responsibility characteristics on the performance. The authors' results show that managers and potential investors have different points of view regarding the importance of corporate governance and social responsibility characteristics in corporate performance.The influence of corporate governance and corporate social responsibility on corporate performance: an Iberian panel data evidence
Maria Elisabete Neves, Adriana Santos, Catarina Proença, Carlos Pinho
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp.552-574

The main goal of this paper is to study the influence of some corporate governance, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and corporate-specific characteristics on the performance of Iberian-listed companies.

To achieve the paper's aim, the authors have used data from 33 Portuguese-listed companies, and 60 Spanish-listed companies, for the period 2011 to 2018. To test the hypotheses, the authors employed the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation method, developed by Arellano and Bover (1995) and Blundell and Bond (1998).

The results point out that the performance determinants vary depending on the country under analysis and the variable used to measure performance. Despite being neighbors and historically commercially close, these countries have differences in their governmental, social and economic structure that lead to different stakeholder perceptions on the determinants of corporate performance. Specifically, when the authors use Tobin's Q as a market performance variable, board independence and the existence of a CSR committee have different signs in the two countries. The same happens when return on assets (ROA) is used as an accounting variable for internal management, implying that both, managers and potential investors of the two countries have different understandings about the variables that influence their performance.

To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to comparatively analyze the two countries of the Iberian Peninsula, analyzing the effect of corporate governance and social responsibility characteristics on the performance. The authors' results show that managers and potential investors have different points of view regarding the importance of corporate governance and social responsibility characteristics in corporate performance.

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The influence of corporate governance and corporate social responsibility on corporate performance: an Iberian panel data evidence10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0002EuroMed Journal of Business2022-05-17© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMaria Elisabete NevesAdriana SantosCatarina ProençaCarlos PinhoEuroMed Journal of Business1842022-05-1710.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0002https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0002/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The effect of corruption on the level of real and accrual earnings management in cases of target firmshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0055/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper attempts to investigate the effect of corruption on the real and accrual earnings management of target firms in the process of mergers and acquisitions. The sample includes target firms from the European area that participate in mergers or acquisitions announced during 2010–2020. The preliminary empirical part estimates the level of earnings management during the period two years before the deal's announcement to identify whether the sample follows the manipulation behavior that the literature suggests for target firms. The primary empirical analysis focuses on the impact of corruption on real and accrual-based earnings management proxies, employing regression models and two alternative proxies for corruption. The existing literature points out that the combination of low levels of corruption and an integrated legal system reduces earnings manipulation. The findings provide strong evidence for systematic downwards accounting manipulation practices, whereas the findings for real earnings management are not significant. The findings of the main empirical part show that corruption is positively associated with accrual-based manipulation and negatively related to real earnings management. In essence, in economies with a high level of transparency, managers adopt the manipulation of operating activities as a less detectable practice of earnings management instead of engaging in accounting procedures. This study contributes to the literature highlighting the diversification of these firms' manipulation strategies according to the national level's corruption status.The effect of corruption on the level of real and accrual earnings management in cases of target firms
Apostolos Christopoulos, Ioannis Dokas, Christos Leontidis, Eleftherios Spyromitros
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp.575-603

This paper attempts to investigate the effect of corruption on the real and accrual earnings management of target firms in the process of mergers and acquisitions.

The sample includes target firms from the European area that participate in mergers or acquisitions announced during 2010–2020. The preliminary empirical part estimates the level of earnings management during the period two years before the deal's announcement to identify whether the sample follows the manipulation behavior that the literature suggests for target firms. The primary empirical analysis focuses on the impact of corruption on real and accrual-based earnings management proxies, employing regression models and two alternative proxies for corruption. The existing literature points out that the combination of low levels of corruption and an integrated legal system reduces earnings manipulation.

The findings provide strong evidence for systematic downwards accounting manipulation practices, whereas the findings for real earnings management are not significant. The findings of the main empirical part show that corruption is positively associated with accrual-based manipulation and negatively related to real earnings management. In essence, in economies with a high level of transparency, managers adopt the manipulation of operating activities as a less detectable practice of earnings management instead of engaging in accounting procedures.

This study contributes to the literature highlighting the diversification of these firms' manipulation strategies according to the national level's corruption status.

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The effect of corruption on the level of real and accrual earnings management in cases of target firms10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0055EuroMed Journal of Business2022-05-13© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedApostolos ChristopoulosIoannis DokasChristos LeontidisEleftherios SpyromitrosEuroMed Journal of Business1842022-05-1310.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0055https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0055/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Promotion to managerial positions and the relationship to work outcome preferences: perspectives of women and men in Israelhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2021-0117/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestWomen's participation in the workforce and in managerial positions, which has led to greater diversity, reconstructs professional perceptions and preferences. The purpose of this research is to examine “Work Outcome Preferences” among men and women according to organizational status and the impact of other demographic factors. The Meaning of Work (MOW) questionnaire was filled by 1,161 men and women employees in organizations: 744 workers, 256 junior managers and 161 middle managers. To examine the hypotheses, authors conducted an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and a linear regression analysis for women and men. The gender differences regarding work outcomes preferences decreases with career promotion. Further, the higher the organizational status, the higher the need for interesting and satisfying work among both men and women. Among women, the higher the organizational status, the higher the need for status and prestige and for serving society and the lower the need for interpersonal contacts and income. Better understanding of the preferred outcomes among women and men in the three organizational statuses and the impact of promotion and varied demographic variables can help in the planning of material and non-material reward systems and methods suitable to the different sub-groups. As far as authors know, there is not a single study focusing on the differences between narrow career stages such as workers, junior and middle managers according to gender regarding work values/work outcome preferences.Promotion to managerial positions and the relationship to work outcome preferences: perspectives of women and men in Israel
Moshe Sharabi, Galit Yanay-Ventura
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp.604-620

Women's participation in the workforce and in managerial positions, which has led to greater diversity, reconstructs professional perceptions and preferences. The purpose of this research is to examine “Work Outcome Preferences” among men and women according to organizational status and the impact of other demographic factors.

The Meaning of Work (MOW) questionnaire was filled by 1,161 men and women employees in organizations: 744 workers, 256 junior managers and 161 middle managers. To examine the hypotheses, authors conducted an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and a linear regression analysis for women and men.

The gender differences regarding work outcomes preferences decreases with career promotion. Further, the higher the organizational status, the higher the need for interesting and satisfying work among both men and women. Among women, the higher the organizational status, the higher the need for status and prestige and for serving society and the lower the need for interpersonal contacts and income.

Better understanding of the preferred outcomes among women and men in the three organizational statuses and the impact of promotion and varied demographic variables can help in the planning of material and non-material reward systems and methods suitable to the different sub-groups.

As far as authors know, there is not a single study focusing on the differences between narrow career stages such as workers, junior and middle managers according to gender regarding work values/work outcome preferences.

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Promotion to managerial positions and the relationship to work outcome preferences: perspectives of women and men in Israel10.1108/EMJB-08-2021-0117EuroMed Journal of Business2022-05-24© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMoshe SharabiGalit Yanay-VenturaEuroMed Journal of Business1842022-05-2410.1108/EMJB-08-2021-0117https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2021-0117/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The moderating effect of financial stability on the CSR and bank performancehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2021-0163/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestFor the dimensions of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) score, only environmental practices have shown a significant negative link with banking performance. However, the social and government dimensions did not have a significant effect on this variable. The authors also find that the financial performance of banks depends primarily on the financial stability of the bank, in particular, on capital adequacy and on the management of liquidity risk. The recurrence of banking and financial crises has revealed the complexity and vulnerability of the financial and banking system. In this article, the authors empirically study the impact of CSR on the financial performance of banks as well as the individual effect of each dimension of CSR (social, governance and environmental) with particular attention to the moderating role of financial stability. Based on a sample of 23 French banks over the period from 2010 to 2018, the results indicate a negative and significant effect of CSR measured by the overall CSR score on the performance of banks. This study provides insight into the essential role of financial stability in moderating the benefits of CSR disclosure while virtually no previous study examines this effect. This article offers several contributions to the literature. First, this study builds on previous research by providing a more comprehensive view and evidence on the relationship between CSR and bank performance. The authors affirm and show that the financial stability of the bank moderates the effect of CSR on the performance of banks. The link between social responsibility and performance demonstrated in this study is more complicated than the direct–direct relationship as widely assumed in the previous literature.The moderating effect of financial stability on the CSR and bank performance
Amir Saadaoui, Olfa Ben Salah
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp.621-642

For the dimensions of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) score, only environmental practices have shown a significant negative link with banking performance. However, the social and government dimensions did not have a significant effect on this variable. The authors also find that the financial performance of banks depends primarily on the financial stability of the bank, in particular, on capital adequacy and on the management of liquidity risk.

The recurrence of banking and financial crises has revealed the complexity and vulnerability of the financial and banking system. In this article, the authors empirically study the impact of CSR on the financial performance of banks as well as the individual effect of each dimension of CSR (social, governance and environmental) with particular attention to the moderating role of financial stability. Based on a sample of 23 French banks over the period from 2010 to 2018, the results indicate a negative and significant effect of CSR measured by the overall CSR score on the performance of banks.

This study provides insight into the essential role of financial stability in moderating the benefits of CSR disclosure while virtually no previous study examines this effect.

This article offers several contributions to the literature. First, this study builds on previous research by providing a more comprehensive view and evidence on the relationship between CSR and bank performance. The authors affirm and show that the financial stability of the bank moderates the effect of CSR on the performance of banks. The link between social responsibility and performance demonstrated in this study is more complicated than the direct–direct relationship as widely assumed in the previous literature.

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The moderating effect of financial stability on the CSR and bank performance10.1108/EMJB-10-2021-0163EuroMed Journal of Business2022-06-13© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAmir SaadaouiOlfa Ben SalahEuroMed Journal of Business1842022-06-1310.1108/EMJB-10-2021-0163https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2021-0163/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
International HRM headquarters as a top management group in Israelhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0012/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study extends the understanding of the context of IHRM headquarters as one of the top management groups (TMGs) through the application of both upper echelons theory and contextual theory. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior Israeli HR managers from international advanced-technology companies. This study expands on theory by explaining how contexts act as constraints or opportunities for IHRM headquarter professionals as TMGs. The organizational context in which the IHRM headquarters take part is based on two themes: organizational structure and shared values. This is followed by the context of IHRM headquarters that includes two foundations for integration: strategic IHRM and trust. Finally, integration is derived from two themes: collaborative behaviors and electronic HRM. This research has yielded a theoretical framework, which makes progress toward developing an integrative paradigm between IHRM headquarters' behavioral integration and organizational features. The paper presents a valuable “toolkit” for facilitating internal integration in IHRM headquarters.International HRM headquarters as a top management group in Israel
Aviv Kidron
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp.643-659

This study extends the understanding of the context of IHRM headquarters as one of the top management groups (TMGs) through the application of both upper echelons theory and contextual theory.

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior Israeli HR managers from international advanced-technology companies.

This study expands on theory by explaining how contexts act as constraints or opportunities for IHRM headquarter professionals as TMGs. The organizational context in which the IHRM headquarters take part is based on two themes: organizational structure and shared values. This is followed by the context of IHRM headquarters that includes two foundations for integration: strategic IHRM and trust. Finally, integration is derived from two themes: collaborative behaviors and electronic HRM.

This research has yielded a theoretical framework, which makes progress toward developing an integrative paradigm between IHRM headquarters' behavioral integration and organizational features. The paper presents a valuable “toolkit” for facilitating internal integration in IHRM headquarters.

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International HRM headquarters as a top management group in Israel10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0012EuroMed Journal of Business2022-06-03© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAviv KidronEuroMed Journal of Business1842022-06-0310.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0012https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0012/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Cash flow bullwhip control mechanisms in a major crisis situation: a case study from the COVID-19 crisishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0026/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestTo understand the specificities of Cash-flow bullwhip in the context of major crises similar to that of COVID-19, to identify its financial impacts on the Moroccan FMCG companies, to establish the profile of the companies most affected by this CFB and finally to propose internal control mechanisms that should be put in place to mitigate the effects of Cash flow Bullwhip in such a context. The authors chose to conduct descriptive research on companies operating in the fast-moving consumer goods sector in Morocco. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on a target population during the period from December 2020 to March 2021. To answer the different research questions, a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) has been conducted on the 21 variables obtained from the survey questions. Small and medium-sized companies are those that have been the most financially impacted. Indeed, the instability of the cash flow conversion cycle increased their working capital requirements and limited their self-financing capacity. To face this situation, those companies used alternative means to finance their operational activity by using their equities or bank loans. Due to the originality of the COVID 19 context, this study gives a different angle of view to analyze the cash flow bullwhip and its implications on the financial health of companies.Cash flow bullwhip control mechanisms in a major crisis situation: a case study from the COVID-19 crisis
Hicham Drissi, Hicham Lamzaouek, Issam Amellal, Karima Mialed
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp.660-681

To understand the specificities of Cash-flow bullwhip in the context of major crises similar to that of COVID-19, to identify its financial impacts on the Moroccan FMCG companies, to establish the profile of the companies most affected by this CFB and finally to propose internal control mechanisms that should be put in place to mitigate the effects of Cash flow Bullwhip in such a context.

The authors chose to conduct descriptive research on companies operating in the fast-moving consumer goods sector in Morocco. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on a target population during the period from December 2020 to March 2021. To answer the different research questions, a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) has been conducted on the 21 variables obtained from the survey questions.

Small and medium-sized companies are those that have been the most financially impacted. Indeed, the instability of the cash flow conversion cycle increased their working capital requirements and limited their self-financing capacity. To face this situation, those companies used alternative means to finance their operational activity by using their equities or bank loans.

Due to the originality of the COVID 19 context, this study gives a different angle of view to analyze the cash flow bullwhip and its implications on the financial health of companies.

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Cash flow bullwhip control mechanisms in a major crisis situation: a case study from the COVID-19 crisis10.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0026EuroMed Journal of Business2022-06-07© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedHicham DrissiHicham LamzaouekIssam AmellalKarima MialedEuroMed Journal of Business1842022-06-0710.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0026https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0026/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The effects of workplace resources on employees’ decision to provide instrumental help to their colleagueshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0001/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this research is to establish a hierarchy among different workplace resources in terms of their relative contribution to employee decision to provide instrumental help. A within-person survey experiment was conducted and the data were analyzed using multilevel regression. The data are based on a random sample of 94 employees working in medium-sized companies in Crete, Greece. Results suggest that for employees’ decision to provide instrumental help, some job resources are perceived as more important than others. Workplace resources that are closer to employees (i.e. coworkers’ social support and manager–subordinate relationship) are perceived as more important compared to leadership style and the manager use of humor. Findings suggest that organizations can successfully improve instrumental helping through interventions primarily aimed at building group-level resources. The study highlights the importance of workplace resources for employees’ decision to provide instrumental help. However not all job resources are perceived as equally important. Theoretically, the study extends influential resource-based theories.The effects of workplace resources on employees’ decision to provide instrumental help to their colleagues
Leonidas A. Zampetakis
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this research is to establish a hierarchy among different workplace resources in terms of their relative contribution to employee decision to provide instrumental help.

A within-person survey experiment was conducted and the data were analyzed using multilevel regression. The data are based on a random sample of 94 employees working in medium-sized companies in Crete, Greece.

Results suggest that for employees’ decision to provide instrumental help, some job resources are perceived as more important than others. Workplace resources that are closer to employees (i.e. coworkers’ social support and manager–subordinate relationship) are perceived as more important compared to leadership style and the manager use of humor.

Findings suggest that organizations can successfully improve instrumental helping through interventions primarily aimed at building group-level resources.

The study highlights the importance of workplace resources for employees’ decision to provide instrumental help. However not all job resources are perceived as equally important. Theoretically, the study extends influential resource-based theories.

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The effects of workplace resources on employees’ decision to provide instrumental help to their colleagues10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0001EuroMed Journal of Business2022-06-13© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedLeonidas A. ZampetakisEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-06-1310.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0001https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0001/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Audit committee and impression management in financial annual reports: evidence from Jordanhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0009/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe current paper aims at exploring the audit committee characteristics’ effect on impression management. The methodology is based on the use of the content analysis of financial annual reports, as data of a 69-company sample study from 2015 to 2019 attained from “Amman Stock Exchange” has been analyzed. Moreover, multiple regression analysis on panel data was employed. The results show that the independence of the audit committee, the financial expertise of the audit committee and female members negatively affect impression management, implying that these characteristics mitigate financial reporting manipulation and decrease the practices of impression management. However, the findings detect no significant influence for committee meetings on impression management. Notably, the current work is applicable and useful for understanding the audit committee’s role in enhancing the financial reporting’s quality, along with the significance of the audit committee in growing the stakeholder’s confidence in financial reporting. In light of these results, regulatory bodies’ efforts are encouraged to create additional strategies and instructions to ensure the trustiness and credibility of financial reporting. This paper will be useful to companies that want to improve the quality of financial reporting and decrease the impression of management’s effect on financial reporting’s readers. Moreover, this paper contributes to the literature on impression management by exploring the effect of audit committees on impression management of annual financial reports of the users in the context of emerging markets and Middle East countries, particularly Jordan.Audit committee and impression management in financial annual reports: evidence from Jordan
Mohammed Hassan Makhlouf
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The current paper aims at exploring the audit committee characteristics’ effect on impression management.

The methodology is based on the use of the content analysis of financial annual reports, as data of a 69-company sample study from 2015 to 2019 attained from “Amman Stock Exchange” has been analyzed. Moreover, multiple regression analysis on panel data was employed.

The results show that the independence of the audit committee, the financial expertise of the audit committee and female members negatively affect impression management, implying that these characteristics mitigate financial reporting manipulation and decrease the practices of impression management. However, the findings detect no significant influence for committee meetings on impression management.

Notably, the current work is applicable and useful for understanding the audit committee’s role in enhancing the financial reporting’s quality, along with the significance of the audit committee in growing the stakeholder’s confidence in financial reporting. In light of these results, regulatory bodies’ efforts are encouraged to create additional strategies and instructions to ensure the trustiness and credibility of financial reporting.

This paper will be useful to companies that want to improve the quality of financial reporting and decrease the impression of management’s effect on financial reporting’s readers. Moreover, this paper contributes to the literature on impression management by exploring the effect of audit committees on impression management of annual financial reports of the users in the context of emerging markets and Middle East countries, particularly Jordan.

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Audit committee and impression management in financial annual reports: evidence from Jordan10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0009EuroMed Journal of Business2022-08-12© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMohammed Hassan MakhloufEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-1210.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0009https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0009/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Cluster dynamics and firms’ strategies – an integrative frameworkhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0014/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to systematise the links between firms’ strategies (corporate and business) and the cluster dynamics (through the cluster life cycle [CLC] perspective) and propose an integrative framework bridging firms’ strategic behaviour and cluster dynamics (CLC). The methodology used is an integrative literature review, which provides a distinctive form of research. The study identifies several links between firms’ strategies (corporate and business) and the cluster dynamics (CLC), namely: (1) firms’ strategies as a triggering factor of cluster evolution; (2) firms’ strategies and path's decline; (3) firms’ strategies and cluster’s renewal; (4) resilience strategies and the cluster life cycle; and (5) cluster’s features and firms’ strategies. This study contributes to developing strategic management theory and cluster theory by bridging firms' strategies and cluster dynamics (CLC). It proposes a new conceptualisation of the impact of cluster dynamics on firms' strategic choices – firstly, it proposes a specific approach to identify the CLC; and secondly, it develops an integrative framework model that relates firms' strategies and each stage of the CLC. These are theoretical tools relevant for further advancements in this area of research, as they can be applied in studies of different clusters for validation, something that was not done. The integrative framework is expected to be helpful to company managers, allowing them to design better strategies that account for dynamic cluster environments. This study aims to fill this gap in the literature by systematising the links between firms' strategies (corporate and business) and the cluster dynamics (CLC).Cluster dynamics and firms’ strategies – an integrative framework
Svitlana Ostapenko, Ana Paula Africano, Raquel Meneses
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to systematise the links between firms’ strategies (corporate and business) and the cluster dynamics (through the cluster life cycle [CLC] perspective) and propose an integrative framework bridging firms’ strategic behaviour and cluster dynamics (CLC).

The methodology used is an integrative literature review, which provides a distinctive form of research.

The study identifies several links between firms’ strategies (corporate and business) and the cluster dynamics (CLC), namely: (1) firms’ strategies as a triggering factor of cluster evolution; (2) firms’ strategies and path's decline; (3) firms’ strategies and cluster’s renewal; (4) resilience strategies and the cluster life cycle; and (5) cluster’s features and firms’ strategies.

This study contributes to developing strategic management theory and cluster theory by bridging firms' strategies and cluster dynamics (CLC). It proposes a new conceptualisation of the impact of cluster dynamics on firms' strategic choices – firstly, it proposes a specific approach to identify the CLC; and secondly, it develops an integrative framework model that relates firms' strategies and each stage of the CLC. These are theoretical tools relevant for further advancements in this area of research, as they can be applied in studies of different clusters for validation, something that was not done.

The integrative framework is expected to be helpful to company managers, allowing them to design better strategies that account for dynamic cluster environments.

This study aims to fill this gap in the literature by systematising the links between firms' strategies (corporate and business) and the cluster dynamics (CLC).

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Cluster dynamics and firms’ strategies – an integrative framework10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0014EuroMed Journal of Business2022-08-08© 2022 Svitlana Ostapenko, Ana Paula Africano and Raquel MenesesSvitlana OstapenkoAna Paula AfricanoRaquel MenesesEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-0810.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0014https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0014/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Svitlana Ostapenko, Ana Paula Africano and Raquel Meneseshttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Does board demographic diversity affect the dividend payout policy in Turkey?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0019/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of board demographic diversity on the dividend payout policy in Turkish capital markets. Using a sample of 67 non-financial companies listed on Borsa Istanbul 100 index from 2013 to 2018, this study examines the influence of board demographic diversity on dividend payout policies in Turkish capital markets. The authors also create a Demographic Board Diversity Index (DBDI) to estimate the composite cognitive diversity. The authors use dividend payment probability, dividend payout ratio, and dividend yield to measure the dividend policy and employ panel logit and tobit regression models. The results indicate that diversity in nationality, experience and educational background play an influential role in encouraging companies to pay high dividends, while gender, tenure and age diversity are insignificant in affecting dividend payments. The findings also suggest that the DBDI positively affects the companies in formulating the dividend payout policies. Finally, the findings show that the family-owned companies with diverse board members have a negative influence on dividend payment intensity. The results offer valuable insights for companies and policymakers in emerging markets to develop a more refined governance structure accommodating board demographic diversity attributes to mitigate agency conflicts between controlling and minority shareholders through setting up effective dividend payout policies.Does board demographic diversity affect the dividend payout policy in Turkey?
Ajab Khan, Mustafa Kemal Yilmaz, Mine Aksoy
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of board demographic diversity on the dividend payout policy in Turkish capital markets.

Using a sample of 67 non-financial companies listed on Borsa Istanbul 100 index from 2013 to 2018, this study examines the influence of board demographic diversity on dividend payout policies in Turkish capital markets. The authors also create a Demographic Board Diversity Index (DBDI) to estimate the composite cognitive diversity. The authors use dividend payment probability, dividend payout ratio, and dividend yield to measure the dividend policy and employ panel logit and tobit regression models.

The results indicate that diversity in nationality, experience and educational background play an influential role in encouraging companies to pay high dividends, while gender, tenure and age diversity are insignificant in affecting dividend payments. The findings also suggest that the DBDI positively affects the companies in formulating the dividend payout policies. Finally, the findings show that the family-owned companies with diverse board members have a negative influence on dividend payment intensity.

The results offer valuable insights for companies and policymakers in emerging markets to develop a more refined governance structure accommodating board demographic diversity attributes to mitigate agency conflicts between controlling and minority shareholders through setting up effective dividend payout policies.

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Does board demographic diversity affect the dividend payout policy in Turkey?10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0019EuroMed Journal of Business2022-07-05© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAjab KhanMustafa Kemal YilmazMine AksoyEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-07-0510.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0019https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2022-0019/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The impact of supervision on bank risk: empirical evidence from the Tunisian contexthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0006/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of supervision on banking risk to determine whether prudential measures taken especially after financial crises are effective in limiting banking risks. The empirical study focused on 210 annual reports of almost all Tunisian banks during the 2010–2019 period. Banking supervision effectiveness is measured by enforcement outputs (i.e. on-site audits and sanctions). The generalized least squares method of multivariate analysis was used to analyze this study. The results show that supervision set up and on-site audits reduce bank risk, while the relationship between sanctions and risk appears to be non-significant. The results still hold after robustness tests by changing the bank's risk-taking indicators. This study has important implications for managers and investors in the Tunisian context. In particular, the findings provide microevidence for the impact of supervision in Tunisian banks to reduce their risk-taking. The empirical results have important implications for the decision-making of bank managers and regulators in Tunisia as well as for relevant actors in similar emerging economies. This study extends the previous literature on supervision by examining the relationship between supervision and banking risk in an emerging country, which has been little explored, Tunisia in particular. Furthermore, this study examines whether supervision reduces risk borne by Tunisian banks, and to the best of the researchers' knowledge, it is one of the pioneering studies of supervision in the Tunisian market. This latter market has different economic, political and social attributes compared to developed countries. So, this paper helps to clarify the impact of supervision enforcement and macroprudential policies. In addition, this paper strongly contributes to the various stakeholders “understanding of the importance and implication of supervision practices. However, since banks tend not to reduce their participation in risky activities to seek higher profits, supervisory policymakers and practitioners should also take a closer look at the composition of banks” investment portfolios to reduce moral hazard and regulatory arbitrage behavior. Empirically, the authors measure supervision by on-site audits and sanctions and examine how they affect bank risk level, which was never approached in Tunisia.The impact of supervision on bank risk: empirical evidence from the Tunisian context
Sana Belgacem, Manel Hadriche, Fethi Belhaj
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of supervision on banking risk to determine whether prudential measures taken especially after financial crises are effective in limiting banking risks.

The empirical study focused on 210 annual reports of almost all Tunisian banks during the 2010–2019 period. Banking supervision effectiveness is measured by enforcement outputs (i.e. on-site audits and sanctions). The generalized least squares method of multivariate analysis was used to analyze this study.

The results show that supervision set up and on-site audits reduce bank risk, while the relationship between sanctions and risk appears to be non-significant. The results still hold after robustness tests by changing the bank's risk-taking indicators.

This study has important implications for managers and investors in the Tunisian context. In particular, the findings provide microevidence for the impact of supervision in Tunisian banks to reduce their risk-taking. The empirical results have important implications for the decision-making of bank managers and regulators in Tunisia as well as for relevant actors in similar emerging economies.

This study extends the previous literature on supervision by examining the relationship between supervision and banking risk in an emerging country, which has been little explored, Tunisia in particular. Furthermore, this study examines whether supervision reduces risk borne by Tunisian banks, and to the best of the researchers' knowledge, it is one of the pioneering studies of supervision in the Tunisian market. This latter market has different economic, political and social attributes compared to developed countries. So, this paper helps to clarify the impact of supervision enforcement and macroprudential policies. In addition, this paper strongly contributes to the various stakeholders “understanding of the importance and implication of supervision practices. However, since banks tend not to reduce their participation in risky activities to seek higher profits, supervisory policymakers and practitioners should also take a closer look at the composition of banks” investment portfolios to reduce moral hazard and regulatory arbitrage behavior. Empirically, the authors measure supervision by on-site audits and sanctions and examine how they affect bank risk level, which was never approached in Tunisia.

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The impact of supervision on bank risk: empirical evidence from the Tunisian context10.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0006EuroMed Journal of Business2023-09-29© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedSana BelgacemManel HadricheFethi BelhajEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-09-2910.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0006https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0006/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
A critical review of auditing at the time of blockchain technology – a bibliometric analysishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0010/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to examine the present condition of blockchain technology (BT) applications in auditing by analyzing journal publications on the topic to acquire a better understanding of the field. This study makes use of the Bibliometric Analysis method and gathered 725 papers from the Web of Science and Scopus databases in the management and accounting, business, financial, economic and social science, as well as decision sciences fields from 2017 to 2021 using the R-Package Bibliometrix Analysis “biblioshiny”. The findings revealed that blockchain research in terms of auditing has already increased and started to spark a quick rise in popularity, but is still in its initial phases with important quality though less in quantity. Moreover, the Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting is the most prolific journal with 2019 as the highest publication year, with the United States and China as the most cited countries in this field. Furthermore, in this field, there are much research topics involving blockchain, audit and smart contracts; and there is less involving data analytics, governance, hyperledger, distributed ledger and financial reporting. Additionally, Sheldon (2019) and Smith and Castonguay (2020) are the most productive authors in the field in terms of the H-index. This study has certain limitations such as the fact that it only looked at 105 papers in the domains of finance, business, economics, accounting, management as well as multidisciplinary science. Moreover, the research’s data and dates have an impact on the results dependability. As this is an original topic, fresh studies are anticipated to remain to shine a spotlight on and suggest answers to blockchain’s implications on auditing. Additionally, the period of time was limited to only the last five years, from 2017 to 2021. As a result, extensive study into the topic is required since there is currently a research deficit in the blockchain field in the setting of auditing. So, new research is required to offer new frameworks and understandings for describing the blockchain function in auditing, including processes, techniques, security, as well as timeliness. Investigations in unique circumstances and research employing innovative research methodologies for discovering the new issue would be valuable in acquiring a higher grasp of the complexities faced. This research contributed to the field by assessing the present state of the art of research on the usage and use of BT in finding research gaps, the audit profession and, most importantly, recommending a future direction for researchers in the subject.A critical review of auditing at the time of blockchain technology – a bibliometric analysis
Tahani Hakami, Omar Sabri, Bassam Al-Shargabi, Mohd Mohid Rahmat, Osama Nashat Attia
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to examine the present condition of blockchain technology (BT) applications in auditing by analyzing journal publications on the topic to acquire a better understanding of the field.

This study makes use of the Bibliometric Analysis method and gathered 725 papers from the Web of Science and Scopus databases in the management and accounting, business, financial, economic and social science, as well as decision sciences fields from 2017 to 2021 using the R-Package Bibliometrix Analysis “biblioshiny”.

The findings revealed that blockchain research in terms of auditing has already increased and started to spark a quick rise in popularity, but is still in its initial phases with important quality though less in quantity. Moreover, the Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting is the most prolific journal with 2019 as the highest publication year, with the United States and China as the most cited countries in this field. Furthermore, in this field, there are much research topics involving blockchain, audit and smart contracts; and there is less involving data analytics, governance, hyperledger, distributed ledger and financial reporting. Additionally, Sheldon (2019) and Smith and Castonguay (2020) are the most productive authors in the field in terms of the H-index.

This study has certain limitations such as the fact that it only looked at 105 papers in the domains of finance, business, economics, accounting, management as well as multidisciplinary science. Moreover, the research’s data and dates have an impact on the results dependability. As this is an original topic, fresh studies are anticipated to remain to shine a spotlight on and suggest answers to blockchain’s implications on auditing. Additionally, the period of time was limited to only the last five years, from 2017 to 2021. As a result, extensive study into the topic is required since there is currently a research deficit in the blockchain field in the setting of auditing. So, new research is required to offer new frameworks and understandings for describing the blockchain function in auditing, including processes, techniques, security, as well as timeliness. Investigations in unique circumstances and research employing innovative research methodologies for discovering the new issue would be valuable in acquiring a higher grasp of the complexities faced.

This research contributed to the field by assessing the present state of the art of research on the usage and use of BT in finding research gaps, the audit profession and, most importantly, recommending a future direction for researchers in the subject.

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A critical review of auditing at the time of blockchain technology – a bibliometric analysis10.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0010EuroMed Journal of Business2023-07-05© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedTahani HakamiOmar SabriBassam Al-ShargabiMohd Mohid RahmatOsama Nashat AttiaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-07-0510.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0010https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0010/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
High commitment HRM and well-being of frontline food service employees: the mediating roles of job demands and psychological conditionshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0019/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to examine the relationship between high commitment human resource management (HCHRM) practices and employee well-being in the food service industry, with a focus on the mediating roles of job demands and psychological conditions. A survey was conducted among 296 frontline employees in the food service industry, and the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS ver26. The results showed that HCHRM practices do not directly affect employee well-being. However, psychological conditions play a crucial role in mediating the relationship between HCHRM practices and employee well-being. Specifically, the psychological conditions of meaningfulness and availability significantly predicted work engagement and mediated the relationship between HCHRM practices and employee well-being. On the other hand, job demands did not mediate the relationship between HCHRM practices and employee well-being. Although the study addressed common method variance, the cross-sectional nature of the data limits the ability to infer causal relationships among variables. Future studies could adopt a longitudinal research design to investigate the causal relationships among variables. In addition, the study recommends that managers in the food service industry adopt HCHRM practices and provide necessary psychological conditions to promote employee well-being. This study extends the current literature on HCHRM and employee well-being in the food service industry by providing new insights into the mediating role of psychological conditions. The findings suggest that HCHRM practices can indirectly promote employee well-being through the enhancement of psychological conditions. These insights could help managers in the food service industry to design effective HRM strategies that foster employee well-being and reduce turnover.High commitment HRM and well-being of frontline food service employees: the mediating roles of job demands and psychological conditions
Kujtim Hameli, Bujamin Bela
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to examine the relationship between high commitment human resource management (HCHRM) practices and employee well-being in the food service industry, with a focus on the mediating roles of job demands and psychological conditions.

A survey was conducted among 296 frontline employees in the food service industry, and the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS ver26.

The results showed that HCHRM practices do not directly affect employee well-being. However, psychological conditions play a crucial role in mediating the relationship between HCHRM practices and employee well-being. Specifically, the psychological conditions of meaningfulness and availability significantly predicted work engagement and mediated the relationship between HCHRM practices and employee well-being. On the other hand, job demands did not mediate the relationship between HCHRM practices and employee well-being.

Although the study addressed common method variance, the cross-sectional nature of the data limits the ability to infer causal relationships among variables. Future studies could adopt a longitudinal research design to investigate the causal relationships among variables. In addition, the study recommends that managers in the food service industry adopt HCHRM practices and provide necessary psychological conditions to promote employee well-being.

This study extends the current literature on HCHRM and employee well-being in the food service industry by providing new insights into the mediating role of psychological conditions. The findings suggest that HCHRM practices can indirectly promote employee well-being through the enhancement of psychological conditions. These insights could help managers in the food service industry to design effective HRM strategies that foster employee well-being and reduce turnover.

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High commitment HRM and well-being of frontline food service employees: the mediating roles of job demands and psychological conditions10.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0019EuroMed Journal of Business2023-08-21© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedKujtim HameliBujamin BelaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-2110.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0019https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0019/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Does prior trust work as a buffer? Examining the impact of perceived betrayal on customer responses to a double deviationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0032/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to explain customer reactions to a double deviation by examining the moderating role of prior trust in peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation platforms on the relationship between perceived betrayal and negative outcomes such as negative word-of-mouth (NWOM), vindictive complaining and patronage reduction. An online survey was used to obtain a sample of 246 respondents familiar with P2P accommodation platforms. The model was tested using SmartPLS. The results showed a positive correlation between perceived betrayal and NWOM, vindictive complaining and patronage reduction. Unexpectedly, prior trust had positive moderating effects. High levels of prior trust caused more negative customer reactions than low levels of prior trust. The findings of this study caution firms about the potential risks to rely on the forgiveness and tolerance of highly trusted customers who may retaliate fiercely to double deviations. This research unveils the prior trust paradox. Customers' prior trust magnified the negative impact of double-deviation experiences. This study contributes to the service-recovery literature by questioning the buffer effect of prior trust in the context of a double deviation.Does prior trust work as a buffer? Examining the impact of perceived betrayal on customer responses to a double deviation
Azza Temessek Behi, Norchene Ben Dahmane Mouelhi, Walid Chaouali
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to explain customer reactions to a double deviation by examining the moderating role of prior trust in peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation platforms on the relationship between perceived betrayal and negative outcomes such as negative word-of-mouth (NWOM), vindictive complaining and patronage reduction.

An online survey was used to obtain a sample of 246 respondents familiar with P2P accommodation platforms. The model was tested using SmartPLS.

The results showed a positive correlation between perceived betrayal and NWOM, vindictive complaining and patronage reduction. Unexpectedly, prior trust had positive moderating effects. High levels of prior trust caused more negative customer reactions than low levels of prior trust.

The findings of this study caution firms about the potential risks to rely on the forgiveness and tolerance of highly trusted customers who may retaliate fiercely to double deviations.

This research unveils the prior trust paradox. Customers' prior trust magnified the negative impact of double-deviation experiences. This study contributes to the service-recovery literature by questioning the buffer effect of prior trust in the context of a double deviation.

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Does prior trust work as a buffer? Examining the impact of perceived betrayal on customer responses to a double deviation10.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0032EuroMed Journal of Business2023-11-14© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAzza Temessek BehiNorchene Ben Dahmane MouelhiWalid ChaoualiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-1410.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0032https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-01-2023-0032/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Barriers to service transition in an innovation ecosystem: a qualitative studyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0030/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study arises from the need to understand the servitization or service transition process in non-manufacturing firms and sets out from a taxonomy proposed in the literature (Lütjen et al., 2017). This study aims to identify the barriers to service transition in small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) participating in an innovation ecosystem and how these small firms can benefit from this strategy to develop in this scale. A qualitative study was carried out based on multiple case studies, data being collected through semi-structured interviews with service business-people belonging to a science and technology park situated in an inland region of Portugal. From content analysis, the results obtained indicated a lack of specialized personnel as the main barrier and as a strategy to overcome this situation these companies turned to business cooperation. This means that good management of this cooperation increases the quality of the services provided, as inter-organizational networks, through participation in ecosystems, can secure a wider set of resources and capacities. This study shows that firms try out different service offers simultaneously and that innovation capacity increases constantly during service transition. Secondly, the study emphasizes the importance of innovation ecosystems, entrepreneurship, servitization and cooperation networks in promoting resilient and small ventures. Thus, this study can help owner-managers, SMEs and political decision-makers to make better informed decisions, which can be particularly relevant in scenarios of uncertainty and crisis. This study draws conclusions in a little explored empirical area in the literature, challenging the widespread understanding that service transition is used only in manufacturing firms. This study provides clearer conceptual understanding of service transition from a network and relational perspective which, despite the perspective's relevance, still lacks research in the context of servitization.Barriers to service transition in an innovation ecosystem: a qualitative study
Dênio Carneiro, Mário Franco, Margarida Rodrigues
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study arises from the need to understand the servitization or service transition process in non-manufacturing firms and sets out from a taxonomy proposed in the literature (Lütjen et al., 2017). This study aims to identify the barriers to service transition in small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) participating in an innovation ecosystem and how these small firms can benefit from this strategy to develop in this scale.

A qualitative study was carried out based on multiple case studies, data being collected through semi-structured interviews with service business-people belonging to a science and technology park situated in an inland region of Portugal.

From content analysis, the results obtained indicated a lack of specialized personnel as the main barrier and as a strategy to overcome this situation these companies turned to business cooperation. This means that good management of this cooperation increases the quality of the services provided, as inter-organizational networks, through participation in ecosystems, can secure a wider set of resources and capacities.

This study shows that firms try out different service offers simultaneously and that innovation capacity increases constantly during service transition. Secondly, the study emphasizes the importance of innovation ecosystems, entrepreneurship, servitization and cooperation networks in promoting resilient and small ventures. Thus, this study can help owner-managers, SMEs and political decision-makers to make better informed decisions, which can be particularly relevant in scenarios of uncertainty and crisis.

This study draws conclusions in a little explored empirical area in the literature, challenging the widespread understanding that service transition is used only in manufacturing firms. This study provides clearer conceptual understanding of service transition from a network and relational perspective which, despite the perspective's relevance, still lacks research in the context of servitization.

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Barriers to service transition in an innovation ecosystem: a qualitative study10.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0030EuroMed Journal of Business2023-02-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedDênio CarneiroMário FrancoMargarida RodriguesEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-2810.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0030https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0030/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Develop an integrated candlestick technical analysis model using meta-heuristic algorithmshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0034/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIn this study, the central objective is to foresee stock market signals with the use of a proper structure to achieve the highest accuracy possible. For this purpose, three hybrid models have been developed for the stock markets which are a combination of support vector machine (SVM) with meta-heuristic algorithms of particle swarm optimization (PSO), imperialist competition algorithm (ICA) and genetic algorithm (GA).All the analyses are technical and are based on the Japanese candlestick model. Further as per the results achieved, the most suitable algorithm is chosen to anticipate sell and buy signals. Moreover, the authors have compared the results of the designed model validations in this study with basic models in three articles conducted in the past years. Therefore, SVM is examined by PSO. It is used as a classification agent to search the problem-solving space precisely and at a faster pace. With regards to the second model, SVM and ICA are tested to stock market timing, in a way that ICA is used as an optimization agent for the SVM parameters. At last, in the third model, SVM and GA are studied, where GA acts as an optimizer and feature selection agent. As per the results, it is observed that all new models can predict accurately for only 6 days; however, in comparison with the confusion matrix results, it is observed that the SVM-GA and SVM-ICA models have correctly predicted more sell signals, and the SCM-PSO model has correctly predicted more buy signals. However, SVM-ICA has shown better performance than other models considering executing the implemented models. In this study, the data for stock market of the years 2013–2021 were analyzed; the long length of timeframe makes the input data analysis challenging as they must be moderated with respect to the conditions where they have been changed. In this study, two methods have been developed in a candlestick model; they are raw-based and signal-based approaches in which the hit rate is determined by the percentage of correct evaluations of the stock market for a 16-day period.Develop an integrated candlestick technical analysis model using meta-heuristic algorithms
Armin Mahmoodi, Leila Hashemi, Milad Jasemi
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

In this study, the central objective is to foresee stock market signals with the use of a proper structure to achieve the highest accuracy possible. For this purpose, three hybrid models have been developed for the stock markets which are a combination of support vector machine (SVM) with meta-heuristic algorithms of particle swarm optimization (PSO), imperialist competition algorithm (ICA) and genetic algorithm (GA).All the analyses are technical and are based on the Japanese candlestick model.

Further as per the results achieved, the most suitable algorithm is chosen to anticipate sell and buy signals. Moreover, the authors have compared the results of the designed model validations in this study with basic models in three articles conducted in the past years. Therefore, SVM is examined by PSO. It is used as a classification agent to search the problem-solving space precisely and at a faster pace. With regards to the second model, SVM and ICA are tested to stock market timing, in a way that ICA is used as an optimization agent for the SVM parameters. At last, in the third model, SVM and GA are studied, where GA acts as an optimizer and feature selection agent.

As per the results, it is observed that all new models can predict accurately for only 6 days; however, in comparison with the confusion matrix results, it is observed that the SVM-GA and SVM-ICA models have correctly predicted more sell signals, and the SCM-PSO model has correctly predicted more buy signals. However, SVM-ICA has shown better performance than other models considering executing the implemented models.

In this study, the data for stock market of the years 2013–2021 were analyzed; the long length of timeframe makes the input data analysis challenging as they must be moderated with respect to the conditions where they have been changed.

In this study, two methods have been developed in a candlestick model; they are raw-based and signal-based approaches in which the hit rate is determined by the percentage of correct evaluations of the stock market for a 16-day period.

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Develop an integrated candlestick technical analysis model using meta-heuristic algorithms10.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0034EuroMed Journal of Business2023-11-21© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedArmin MahmoodiLeila HashemiMilad JasemiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-2110.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0034https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2022-0034/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Mapping the development of hydrogen-based technologies (HBTs) through patent analysishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0038/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to map the evolution of hydrogen-based technologies (HBTs) by examining the patenting activity associated to these technlogies from 1930 to 2020. In doing so, the study provides a novel perspective on the development of HBTs and offers implications for managers and policymakers. We collected patent data at the level of patent families (PFs). Our sample includes 317,089 PFs related to hydrogen production and 62,496 PFs to hydrogen storage. We examined PF data to delineate the state of the art and major technical advancements of HBTs. Our analysis provides evidence of an increasing patenting activity in the area of HBTs, hence suggesting relatively high levels of expectations on the economic potential of these technologies. US and Japan hold the largest proportion of PFs related to HBTs (about 60%), while European applicants hold the highest proportion of highly cited PFs (about 60%). While firms represent the applicant with the highest share of PFs, our analysis reveals that firms holding HBT PFs are primarily from the chemical sector. While our analysis is limited to examining patent data which capture some aspects of the innovation activity around HBTs (namelly, patented inventions), our study enriches existing literature by performinng a patent analysis on a much larger sample of data when compared to previous studies. Two main implications emerge from our study. Firstly, there seems to be an urgent need to support the emergence of a dominant design so as to facilitate the consolidation and diffusion of the HBTs, hence the transition to a more sustainable energy production. Secondly, the majority of HBT PFs are held by a small number of countries. This, in turn, suggests opportunities to develop cross-country cooperation (e.g. international agreements, research and technology offices) to support the development and adoption of HBTs globally. Considering the results obtained in this study, from a social point of view, the attention that organizations have paid to hydrogen related technologies is evident. This suggests that the development HBTs can function as a social enabler for a sustianable energy transition. Extant research has focused on the individual components of the hydrogen chain. As a result, we lack a comprehensive understanding of the progress made in the area of HBTs. To address this gap, this study examined HBTs by focusing on both production and storage technologies since their initial developments, hence adopting an observation period of about 70 years.Mapping the development of hydrogen-based technologies (HBTs) through patent analysis
Nicola Martino, Lorenzo Ardito, Antonio Messeni Petruzzelli, Daniele Rotolo
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to map the evolution of hydrogen-based technologies (HBTs) by examining the patenting activity associated to these technlogies from 1930 to 2020. In doing so, the study provides a novel perspective on the development of HBTs and offers implications for managers and policymakers.

We collected patent data at the level of patent families (PFs). Our sample includes 317,089 PFs related to hydrogen production and 62,496 PFs to hydrogen storage. We examined PF data to delineate the state of the art and major technical advancements of HBTs.

Our analysis provides evidence of an increasing patenting activity in the area of HBTs, hence suggesting relatively high levels of expectations on the economic potential of these technologies. US and Japan hold the largest proportion of PFs related to HBTs (about 60%), while European applicants hold the highest proportion of highly cited PFs (about 60%). While firms represent the applicant with the highest share of PFs, our analysis reveals that firms holding HBT PFs are primarily from the chemical sector.

While our analysis is limited to examining patent data which capture some aspects of the innovation activity around HBTs (namelly, patented inventions), our study enriches existing literature by performinng a patent analysis on a much larger sample of data when compared to previous studies.

Two main implications emerge from our study. Firstly, there seems to be an urgent need to support the emergence of a dominant design so as to facilitate the consolidation and diffusion of the HBTs, hence the transition to a more sustainable energy production. Secondly, the majority of HBT PFs are held by a small number of countries. This, in turn, suggests opportunities to develop cross-country cooperation (e.g. international agreements, research and technology offices) to support the development and adoption of HBTs globally.

Considering the results obtained in this study, from a social point of view, the attention that organizations have paid to hydrogen related technologies is evident. This suggests that the development HBTs can function as a social enabler for a sustianable energy transition.

Extant research has focused on the individual components of the hydrogen chain. As a result, we lack a comprehensive understanding of the progress made in the area of HBTs. To address this gap, this study examined HBTs by focusing on both production and storage technologies since their initial developments, hence adopting an observation period of about 70 years.

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Mapping the development of hydrogen-based technologies (HBTs) through patent analysis10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0038EuroMed Journal of Business2024-02-26© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedNicola MartinoLorenzo ArditoAntonio Messeni PetruzzelliDaniele RotoloEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-2610.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0038https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0038/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
An integrated model predicting the drivers of mobile payment outcomes: evidence from emerging marketshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0046/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestBecause the success of m-payment services depends on the enablers and barriers that affect user satisfaction, the present research explores the effects of perceived value and sacrifices on users' satisfaction with m-payment services. The predicted relationships among perceived value, perceived sacrifices, users' satisfaction, continuance intention, word-of-mouth (WOM), shopping effectiveness, quality of life (QOL) and stickiness were established based on the mobile technology acceptance model (MTAM) and the value-based adoption model (VAM). A representative data sample of 430 Egyptian banking clients was analyzed to test the hypotheses using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings revealed that all perceived value constructs significantly positively affect users' satisfaction. Moreover, all perceived sacrifice constructs significantly negatively affect users' satisfaction. Users' satisfaction, in turn, has a significant positive effect on continuance intention, WOM, shopping effectiveness, QOL and stickiness with m-payment services. This is the first study to examine several levels of m-payment outcomes, including m-payment, consumer and bank outcomes, based on the integration of MTAM and VAM models.An integrated model predicting the drivers of mobile payment outcomes: evidence from emerging markets
Mohamed M. Elsotouhy, Abdelkader M.A. Mobarak, Mona I. Dakrory, Mohamed A. Ghonim, Mohamed A. Khashan
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Because the success of m-payment services depends on the enablers and barriers that affect user satisfaction, the present research explores the effects of perceived value and sacrifices on users' satisfaction with m-payment services. The predicted relationships among perceived value, perceived sacrifices, users' satisfaction, continuance intention, word-of-mouth (WOM), shopping effectiveness, quality of life (QOL) and stickiness were established based on the mobile technology acceptance model (MTAM) and the value-based adoption model (VAM).

A representative data sample of 430 Egyptian banking clients was analyzed to test the hypotheses using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

The findings revealed that all perceived value constructs significantly positively affect users' satisfaction. Moreover, all perceived sacrifice constructs significantly negatively affect users' satisfaction. Users' satisfaction, in turn, has a significant positive effect on continuance intention, WOM, shopping effectiveness, QOL and stickiness with m-payment services.

This is the first study to examine several levels of m-payment outcomes, including m-payment, consumer and bank outcomes, based on the integration of MTAM and VAM models.

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An integrated model predicting the drivers of mobile payment outcomes: evidence from emerging markets10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0046EuroMed Journal of Business2023-11-07© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedMohamed M. ElsotouhyAbdelkader M.A. MobarakMona I. DakroryMohamed A. GhonimMohamed A. KhashanEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-0710.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0046https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0046/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
A bibliometric analysis of global research trends on CEO compensation: evidence from the Scopus databasehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0050/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study investigates the current trends in CEO compensation by applying a bibliometric technique from the Scopus database. The bibliometric analysis examines CEO compensation trends through the Scopus database. Frequency analysis is conducted using Microsoft Excel, while data visualisation is performed using VOSviewer. Finally, citation metrics are carried out using Harzing's Publish or Perish. The results reveal that research into CEO compensation has been consistently increasing since 1976. This study identifies the most popular publication trends, the most active institutions, the top funding institutions, annual publication growth, document and source type, publishers, subject area, author co-citations, highly cited articles, top publishing countries, and keyword co-occurrences. Notably, Arizona State University in the United States (US) is the leading institution with the most prominent publications on CEO compensation. The US is the most active country involved in CEO compensation research. The current research only derived articles from the Scopus database. Nonetheless, the findings provide an in-depth comprehension of the meaning of “CEO compensation” and present the outline of the research trends on the concept, thus significantly facilitating further studies. The findings can assist researchers in comprehending and classifying the drivers of CEO compensation previously identified and proven in past studies. Additionally, the findings also create opportunities for new researchers to study CEO compensation. This study is among the pioneering research investigating CEO compensation-related publications and utilising the Scopus database from an international perspective. This study also offers a historical view of CEO remuneration, a summary of the most significant nations, journals, and writers on the topic, and an outline of how CEO remuneration studies have changed over time. These contributions will enable other researchers to focus on this subject.A bibliometric analysis of global research trends on CEO compensation: evidence from the Scopus database
Faraj Salman Alfawareh, Edie Erman Che Johari, Chai-Aun Ooi
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study investigates the current trends in CEO compensation by applying a bibliometric technique from the Scopus database.

The bibliometric analysis examines CEO compensation trends through the Scopus database. Frequency analysis is conducted using Microsoft Excel, while data visualisation is performed using VOSviewer. Finally, citation metrics are carried out using Harzing's Publish or Perish.

The results reveal that research into CEO compensation has been consistently increasing since 1976. This study identifies the most popular publication trends, the most active institutions, the top funding institutions, annual publication growth, document and source type, publishers, subject area, author co-citations, highly cited articles, top publishing countries, and keyword co-occurrences. Notably, Arizona State University in the United States (US) is the leading institution with the most prominent publications on CEO compensation. The US is the most active country involved in CEO compensation research.

The current research only derived articles from the Scopus database. Nonetheless, the findings provide an in-depth comprehension of the meaning of “CEO compensation” and present the outline of the research trends on the concept, thus significantly facilitating further studies.

The findings can assist researchers in comprehending and classifying the drivers of CEO compensation previously identified and proven in past studies. Additionally, the findings also create opportunities for new researchers to study CEO compensation.

This study is among the pioneering research investigating CEO compensation-related publications and utilising the Scopus database from an international perspective. This study also offers a historical view of CEO remuneration, a summary of the most significant nations, journals, and writers on the topic, and an outline of how CEO remuneration studies have changed over time. These contributions will enable other researchers to focus on this subject.

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A bibliometric analysis of global research trends on CEO compensation: evidence from the Scopus database10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0050EuroMed Journal of Business2023-11-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedFaraj Salman AlfawarehEdie Erman Che JohariChai-Aun OoiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-2810.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0050https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0050/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Do women on boards matter for corporate social responsibility reporting? Evidence from Palestinehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0053/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestContent analysis was used to measure corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting. The ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions with robust standard errors are used to examine the relationships for a sample of 168 firm-year observations listed on the Palestine Exchange during 2018–2021. A logistic regression is also utilized as an alternative measurement for CSR quantity disclosure and to ensure the robustness of the author’s main findings. Based on 168 observations listed on the Palestine Exchange (PEX) between 2018 and 2021, this study examines the impact of women's representation on the CSR reporting of Palestinian firms' boards. Moreover, the moderating effect of ownership concentration on the relationship between BGD and CSR reporting is examined. In order to test the hypotheses, the author’s employ OLS regressions with robust standard errors. A logistic regression is also utilized as an alternative measurement for CSR quantity disclosure and to ensure the robustness of the author’s main findings. The results reveal that Palestinian companies with more women on their boards have higher CSR practices and disclosure levels. In addition to the validity of agency, stakeholder and legitimacy theories, the findings show the relevance of gender socialization and critical mass theories in explaining the favorable influence of women's presentation on boards in promoting best practices among Palestinian firms, such as CSR disclosure. The study contributes to the limited literature in the MENA and Arab region countries by examining the influence of BGD on CSR reporting in Palestine, an emerging economy characterized by highly political and economic instability. The study offers a novel contribution by examining the impact of BGD, on not only the CSR reporting quantity but also the reporting quality. However, the generalizability of the study is limited due to the small sample size. The findings of the study may bring the issues of CSR disclosure and female representation on board of directors to the attention of Palestinian firms' board of directors and managers, investors, professional associations, policymakers and regulators. While listed firms are only required to provide general information that falls under the scope of CSR in their annual reports under the Palestinian code of corporate governance, women representation on boards of directors is not addressed. This study adds to the very limited literature on the role of the BGD in promoting CSR reporting in the Middle Eastern and Arabic markets in general, and in the Palestinian context in particular. This paper not only investigates but also seeks to theorize this role.Do women on boards matter for corporate social responsibility reporting? Evidence from Palestine
Yousef Hassan
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Content analysis was used to measure corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting. The ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions with robust standard errors are used to examine the relationships for a sample of 168 firm-year observations listed on the Palestine Exchange during 2018–2021. A logistic regression is also utilized as an alternative measurement for CSR quantity disclosure and to ensure the robustness of the author’s main findings.

Based on 168 observations listed on the Palestine Exchange (PEX) between 2018 and 2021, this study examines the impact of women's representation on the CSR reporting of Palestinian firms' boards. Moreover, the moderating effect of ownership concentration on the relationship between BGD and CSR reporting is examined. In order to test the hypotheses, the author’s employ OLS regressions with robust standard errors. A logistic regression is also utilized as an alternative measurement for CSR quantity disclosure and to ensure the robustness of the author’s main findings.

The results reveal that Palestinian companies with more women on their boards have higher CSR practices and disclosure levels. In addition to the validity of agency, stakeholder and legitimacy theories, the findings show the relevance of gender socialization and critical mass theories in explaining the favorable influence of women's presentation on boards in promoting best practices among Palestinian firms, such as CSR disclosure.

The study contributes to the limited literature in the MENA and Arab region countries by examining the influence of BGD on CSR reporting in Palestine, an emerging economy characterized by highly political and economic instability. The study offers a novel contribution by examining the impact of BGD, on not only the CSR reporting quantity but also the reporting quality. However, the generalizability of the study is limited due to the small sample size.

The findings of the study may bring the issues of CSR disclosure and female representation on board of directors to the attention of Palestinian firms' board of directors and managers, investors, professional associations, policymakers and regulators. While listed firms are only required to provide general information that falls under the scope of CSR in their annual reports under the Palestinian code of corporate governance, women representation on boards of directors is not addressed.

This study adds to the very limited literature on the role of the BGD in promoting CSR reporting in the Middle Eastern and Arabic markets in general, and in the Palestinian context in particular. This paper not only investigates but also seeks to theorize this role.

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Do women on boards matter for corporate social responsibility reporting? Evidence from Palestine10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0053EuroMed Journal of Business2023-09-12© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedYousef HassanEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-09-1210.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0053https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0053/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
A reconsideration of Jack Welch's managerial legacyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0055/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIn this paper, the authors will examine Welch's legacy and aftermaths, both for GE and more broadly within management practice and academic thought. As a complex character, indeed a person of many contradictions, the authors try to avoid polemics in this, instead focusing on his accomplishments and the unanswered questions about his impact. This paper is a historical case using secondary and published materials to assess the case of Jack Welch's leadership of General Electric over the period 1981–2001. Welch's proponents suggest he emphasized controlling corporate destiny, being open to new ideas, pursuing quality and low cost, having confidence, a vision founded on reality, a global focus and possessing energy and enthusiasm. However, his short-termist perspective undermined the long-term success of the company and his “win at any cost” mantra predisposed some employees to cutting ethical or environmental corners. As the market capitalization gains evaporated that had been used to justify the “end justifies the means” rationale, little is left of his legacy. The paper discusses the implications of the GE case for issues associated with corporate governance, financialization and human resource management. This is a timely reconsideration of the Jack Welch legacy two years after his death. In avoiding polemics and seeking a considered assessment of his positive and negative outcomes, the paper is an important addition to the research on Welch and American management thought.A reconsideration of Jack Welch's managerial legacy
John Rice, Nigel Martin, Muhammad Mustafa Raziq, Peter Fieger
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

In this paper, the authors will examine Welch's legacy and aftermaths, both for GE and more broadly within management practice and academic thought. As a complex character, indeed a person of many contradictions, the authors try to avoid polemics in this, instead focusing on his accomplishments and the unanswered questions about his impact.

This paper is a historical case using secondary and published materials to assess the case of Jack Welch's leadership of General Electric over the period 1981–2001.

Welch's proponents suggest he emphasized controlling corporate destiny, being open to new ideas, pursuing quality and low cost, having confidence, a vision founded on reality, a global focus and possessing energy and enthusiasm. However, his short-termist perspective undermined the long-term success of the company and his “win at any cost” mantra predisposed some employees to cutting ethical or environmental corners. As the market capitalization gains evaporated that had been used to justify the “end justifies the means” rationale, little is left of his legacy.

The paper discusses the implications of the GE case for issues associated with corporate governance, financialization and human resource management.

This is a timely reconsideration of the Jack Welch legacy two years after his death. In avoiding polemics and seeking a considered assessment of his positive and negative outcomes, the paper is an important addition to the research on Welch and American management thought.

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A reconsideration of Jack Welch's managerial legacy10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0055EuroMed Journal of Business2023-07-21© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedJohn RiceNigel MartinMuhammad Mustafa RaziqPeter FiegerEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-07-2110.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0055https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-02-2023-0055/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Impact of the confirmation bias on returns, expectations and hedging of optimistic and pessimistic traders before and during COVID-19 pandemichttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0046/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIn this paper, the authors investigate the impact of the confirmation bias on returns, expectations and hedging of optimistic and pessimistic traders in the cryptocurrencies, commodities and stock markets before and during COVID-19 periods. The authors investigate the impact of the confirmation bias on the estimated returns and the expectations of optimistic and pessimistic traders by employing the financial stochastic model with confirmation bias. Indeed, the authors compute the optimal portfolio weights, the optimal hedge ratios and the hedging effectiveness. The authors find that without confirmation bias, during the two sub periods, the expectations of optimistic and pessimistic trader’s seem to convergence toward zero. However, when confirmation bias is particularly strong, the average distance between these two expectations are farer. The authors further show that, with and without confirmation bias, the optimal weights (the optimal hedge ratios) are found to be lower (higher) for all pairs of financial market during the COVID-19 period as compared to the pre-COVID-19 period. The authors also document that the stronger the confirmation bias is, the lower the optimal weight and the higher the optimal hedge ratio. Moreover, results reveal that the values of the optimal hedge ratio for optimistic and pessimistic traders affected or not by the confirmation bias are higher during the COVID-19 period compared to the estimates for the pre-COVID period and inversely for the optimal hedge ratios and the hedging effectiveness index. Indeed, either for optimists or pessimists, the presence of confirmation bias leads to higher optimal hedge ratio, higher optimal weights and higher hedging effectiveness index. The findings of the study provided additional evidence for investors, portfolio managers and financial analysts to exploit confirmation bias to make an optimal portfolio allocation especially during COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 periods. Moreover, the findings of this study might be useful for investors as they help them to make successful investment decision in potential hedging strategies. First, this is the first scientific work that conducts a stochastic analysis about the impact of emotional biases on the estimated returns and the expectations of optimists and pessimists in cryptocurrency and commodity markets. Second, the originality of this study stems from the fact that the authors make a comparative analysis of hedging behavior across different markets and different periods with and without the impact of confirmation bias. Third, this paper pays attention to the impact of confirmation bias on the expectations and hedging behavior in cryptocurrencies and commodities markets in extremely stressful periods such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic.Impact of the confirmation bias on returns, expectations and hedging of optimistic and pessimistic traders before and during COVID-19 pandemic
Yousra Trichilli, Sahbi Gaadane, Mouna Boujelbène Abbes, Afif Masmoudi
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

In this paper, the authors investigate the impact of the confirmation bias on returns, expectations and hedging of optimistic and pessimistic traders in the cryptocurrencies, commodities and stock markets before and during COVID-19 periods.

The authors investigate the impact of the confirmation bias on the estimated returns and the expectations of optimistic and pessimistic traders by employing the financial stochastic model with confirmation bias. Indeed, the authors compute the optimal portfolio weights, the optimal hedge ratios and the hedging effectiveness.

The authors find that without confirmation bias, during the two sub periods, the expectations of optimistic and pessimistic trader’s seem to convergence toward zero. However, when confirmation bias is particularly strong, the average distance between these two expectations are farer. The authors further show that, with and without confirmation bias, the optimal weights (the optimal hedge ratios) are found to be lower (higher) for all pairs of financial market during the COVID-19 period as compared to the pre-COVID-19 period. The authors also document that the stronger the confirmation bias is, the lower the optimal weight and the higher the optimal hedge ratio. Moreover, results reveal that the values of the optimal hedge ratio for optimistic and pessimistic traders affected or not by the confirmation bias are higher during the COVID-19 period compared to the estimates for the pre-COVID period and inversely for the optimal hedge ratios and the hedging effectiveness index. Indeed, either for optimists or pessimists, the presence of confirmation bias leads to higher optimal hedge ratio, higher optimal weights and higher hedging effectiveness index.

The findings of the study provided additional evidence for investors, portfolio managers and financial analysts to exploit confirmation bias to make an optimal portfolio allocation especially during COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 periods. Moreover, the findings of this study might be useful for investors as they help them to make successful investment decision in potential hedging strategies.

First, this is the first scientific work that conducts a stochastic analysis about the impact of emotional biases on the estimated returns and the expectations of optimists and pessimists in cryptocurrency and commodity markets. Second, the originality of this study stems from the fact that the authors make a comparative analysis of hedging behavior across different markets and different periods with and without the impact of confirmation bias. Third, this paper pays attention to the impact of confirmation bias on the expectations and hedging behavior in cryptocurrencies and commodities markets in extremely stressful periods such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic.

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Impact of the confirmation bias on returns, expectations and hedging of optimistic and pessimistic traders before and during COVID-19 pandemic10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0046EuroMed Journal of Business2022-07-22© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedYousra TrichilliSahbi GaadaneMouna Boujelbène AbbesAfif MasmoudiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-07-2210.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0046https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0046/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Impact of internal governance mechanisms on tax aggressiveness: evidence from French firms listed on the CAC 40https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0047/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to analyze the relationship between a firm’s use of aggressive tax planning and board of directors (independence and size) and audit committee characteristics (independence and expertise). This study used archival data from 35 non-financial firms’ French firms listed on the CAC 40 over a period of 5 years (2013–2018). This study shows that measures of board size are negatively related to tax aggressiveness. A broader board helps reduce tax aggressiveness, as having more members can improve board performance. Indeed, more members can contribute to a better assessment of tax risks and detect risky tax strategies. The main limitation of this study is the small sample. The authors limited the observations to 2018 because the corporate tax rate in France changed in 2019. Such a time window casts homogeneity on the current study. Examining universal registration documents, it has been noted that companies have only recently become interested in disclosure of tax risk. Knowing the characteristics of the board and audit committees can give a signal to stakeholders about the potential risk bearing on aggressive tax planning. This study provides evidence that could help the board governance committees integrate the right profiles and to raise awareness among the members of the board of directors and the audit committee to play their role (monitoring function or advisory function) about tax risk management. According to the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to provide empirical evidence regarding the effect of the board of directors and audit committee characteristics on tax aggressiveness.Impact of internal governance mechanisms on tax aggressiveness: evidence from French firms listed on the CAC 40
Ines Menchaoui, Chaima Hssouna
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to analyze the relationship between a firm’s use of aggressive tax planning and board of directors (independence and size) and audit committee characteristics (independence and expertise).

This study used archival data from 35 non-financial firms’ French firms listed on the CAC 40 over a period of 5 years (2013–2018).

This study shows that measures of board size are negatively related to tax aggressiveness. A broader board helps reduce tax aggressiveness, as having more members can improve board performance. Indeed, more members can contribute to a better assessment of tax risks and detect risky tax strategies.

The main limitation of this study is the small sample. The authors limited the observations to 2018 because the corporate tax rate in France changed in 2019. Such a time window casts homogeneity on the current study. Examining universal registration documents, it has been noted that companies have only recently become interested in disclosure of tax risk.

Knowing the characteristics of the board and audit committees can give a signal to stakeholders about the potential risk bearing on aggressive tax planning. This study provides evidence that could help the board governance committees integrate the right profiles and to raise awareness among the members of the board of directors and the audit committee to play their role (monitoring function or advisory function) about tax risk management.

According to the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to provide empirical evidence regarding the effect of the board of directors and audit committee characteristics on tax aggressiveness.

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Impact of internal governance mechanisms on tax aggressiveness: evidence from French firms listed on the CAC 4010.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0047EuroMed Journal of Business2022-08-30© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedInes MenchaouiChaima HssounaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-3010.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0047https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0047/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
A bibliometric analysis of obesity in marketing researchhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0051/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIn spite of wide civic and academic interest in obesity, there are no bibliometric records of this issue in the marketing corpus. Thus, this inquiry is conceived to address this shortcoming with a bibliometric analysis of Scopus indexed articles published on the subject. The analysis followed a five-step science mapping approach of study design, data collection, data analysis, data visualisation and data interpretation. R programming software was used to review 88 peer reviewed journals published between 1987 and 2021. A sizable stream of literature exploring obesity has accrued in the marketing area as authors have drawn parallels between the influence of persuasive communication and advertising on human wellbeing and child health. The United States of America is found to be by far the country with the highest number of publications on obesity, followed by Australia and the United Kingdom. The topic dendrogram indicates two strands of obesity discourse: (1) social and policy intervention opportunities and (2) the effects on social groups in the population. This review will shape future enquiries investigating obesity. Beyond the focus on children, males and females, an emerging focus on cola, ethics, food waste, milk, policy-making and students is highlighted. This is the first bibliometric review of obesity in the marketing literature. This is especially timely for weighing up the utility of research aimed at understanding and reporting the trends, influences and role of stakeholders in addressing obesity.A bibliometric analysis of obesity in marketing research
Adah-Kole Onjewu, Razieh Sadraei, Vahid Jafari-Sadeghi
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

In spite of wide civic and academic interest in obesity, there are no bibliometric records of this issue in the marketing corpus. Thus, this inquiry is conceived to address this shortcoming with a bibliometric analysis of Scopus indexed articles published on the subject.

The analysis followed a five-step science mapping approach of study design, data collection, data analysis, data visualisation and data interpretation. R programming software was used to review 88 peer reviewed journals published between 1987 and 2021.

A sizable stream of literature exploring obesity has accrued in the marketing area as authors have drawn parallels between the influence of persuasive communication and advertising on human wellbeing and child health. The United States of America is found to be by far the country with the highest number of publications on obesity, followed by Australia and the United Kingdom. The topic dendrogram indicates two strands of obesity discourse: (1) social and policy intervention opportunities and (2) the effects on social groups in the population.

This review will shape future enquiries investigating obesity. Beyond the focus on children, males and females, an emerging focus on cola, ethics, food waste, milk, policy-making and students is highlighted.

This is the first bibliometric review of obesity in the marketing literature. This is especially timely for weighing up the utility of research aimed at understanding and reporting the trends, influences and role of stakeholders in addressing obesity.

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A bibliometric analysis of obesity in marketing research10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0051EuroMed Journal of Business2022-09-12© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAdah-Kole OnjewuRazieh SadraeiVahid Jafari-SadeghiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-1210.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0051https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0051/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Negative Airbnb reviews: an aspect-based sentiment analysis approachhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0052/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe current paper aims at exploring negative aspects in reviews about Airbnb listings in Athens, Greece. The aspect-based sentiment approach (ABSA), a subset of sentiment analysis, is used. The study analyzed 8,200 reviews, which had at least one negative aspect. Based on dependency parsing, noun phrases were extracted, and the underlying grammar relationships were used to identify aspect and sentiment terms. The extracted aspect terms were classified into three broad categories, i.e. the location, the amenities and the host. To each of them the associated sentiment was assigned. Based on the results, Airbnb properties could focus on certain aspects related to negative sentiments in order to minimize negative reviews and increase customer satisfaction. The study employs the ABSA, which offers more advantages in order to identify multiple conflicting sentiments in Airbnb comments, which is the limitation of the traditional sentiment analysis method.Negative Airbnb reviews: an aspect-based sentiment analysis approach
Aikaterini Vassilikopoulou, Irene Kamenidou, Constantinos-Vasilios Priporas
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The current paper aims at exploring negative aspects in reviews about Airbnb listings in Athens, Greece.

The aspect-based sentiment approach (ABSA), a subset of sentiment analysis, is used. The study analyzed 8,200 reviews, which had at least one negative aspect. Based on dependency parsing, noun phrases were extracted, and the underlying grammar relationships were used to identify aspect and sentiment terms.

The extracted aspect terms were classified into three broad categories, i.e. the location, the amenities and the host. To each of them the associated sentiment was assigned. Based on the results, Airbnb properties could focus on certain aspects related to negative sentiments in order to minimize negative reviews and increase customer satisfaction.

The study employs the ABSA, which offers more advantages in order to identify multiple conflicting sentiments in Airbnb comments, which is the limitation of the traditional sentiment analysis method.

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Negative Airbnb reviews: an aspect-based sentiment analysis approach10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0052EuroMed Journal of Business2022-06-14© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAikaterini VassilikopoulouIrene KamenidouConstantinos-Vasilios PriporasEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-06-1410.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0052https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0052/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The role of employees' cognitive capabilities, knowledge creation and decision-making style in predicting the firm's performancehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0057/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study explored the relationship between employees' cognitive capabilities and firm performance by exploring the moderating role of decision-making style and the mediating effect of knowledge creation. Understanding the role of cognitive capabilities in value creation is crucial for human resource management to achieve the anticipated organizational performance. Structural equation modeling, cognitive skills theory, cognitive skills acquisition theory and a knowledge creation framework were applied. The first finding suggests that only A-shaped skills predict higher knowledge creation, while T-shaped skills do not. Second, knowledge creation predicts higher financial performance and a lower level of financial uncertainty. Third, T-shaped skills have no indirect effect on financial performance or financial uncertainty. Fourth, A-shaped skills exerted significant indirect effects on financial performance and uncertainty. Fifth, the rational decision-making style did not moderate the link between knowledge creation and financial performance, as opposed to the intuitive decision-making style. A review of existing research indicates a lack of studies examining the effect of cognitive skills on organizational outcomes and contingencies under which cognitive skills lead to superior outcomes. This study advances research on T-shaped and A-shaped skills and knowledge creation by empirically exploring their interrelationships with financial performance. Managerial implications and suggestions for future research are also highlighted.The role of employees' cognitive capabilities, knowledge creation and decision-making style in predicting the firm's performance
Hamzah Elrehail, Raed Aljahmani, Abdallah Mohammad Taamneh, Abdallah Khalaf Alsaad, Manaf Al-Okaily, Okechukwu Lawrence Emeagwali
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study explored the relationship between employees' cognitive capabilities and firm performance by exploring the moderating role of decision-making style and the mediating effect of knowledge creation. Understanding the role of cognitive capabilities in value creation is crucial for human resource management to achieve the anticipated organizational performance.

Structural equation modeling, cognitive skills theory, cognitive skills acquisition theory and a knowledge creation framework were applied.

The first finding suggests that only A-shaped skills predict higher knowledge creation, while T-shaped skills do not. Second, knowledge creation predicts higher financial performance and a lower level of financial uncertainty. Third, T-shaped skills have no indirect effect on financial performance or financial uncertainty. Fourth, A-shaped skills exerted significant indirect effects on financial performance and uncertainty. Fifth, the rational decision-making style did not moderate the link between knowledge creation and financial performance, as opposed to the intuitive decision-making style.

A review of existing research indicates a lack of studies examining the effect of cognitive skills on organizational outcomes and contingencies under which cognitive skills lead to superior outcomes. This study advances research on T-shaped and A-shaped skills and knowledge creation by empirically exploring their interrelationships with financial performance. Managerial implications and suggestions for future research are also highlighted.

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The role of employees' cognitive capabilities, knowledge creation and decision-making style in predicting the firm's performance10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0057EuroMed Journal of Business2023-03-22© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedHamzah ElrehailRaed AljahmaniAbdallah Mohammad TaamnehAbdallah Khalaf AlsaadManaf Al-OkailyOkechukwu Lawrence EmeagwaliEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-2210.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0057https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0057/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Motives for granting additional remuneration to majority managers, by Tunisian limited liability companies, alongside their share in profitshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0060/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to investigate the motives for granting additional remuneration to majority managers in Tunisian limited liability companies. The theoretical explanation is based on the tax avoidance hypothesis on the one hand and on the conflict of interests hypothesis on the other hand. The sample used consists of 48 Tunisian limited liability companies throughout the period ranging from 2015 to 2020. The authors use the panel data with the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimate in first difference. The results provide evidence of a positive relationship between the accounting performance of the company and the granting of additional remuneration to majority managers, alongside their share in profits. What is more, there is a positive relationship between the change in the company's accounting results and the granting of additional remuneration to majority managers, alongside their share in profits. Likewise, the tax avoidance carried out by the firm is positively and significantly correlated with the granting of additional remuneration to majority managers, alongside their share in profits. The results may help corporations consider their future growth opportunities. This is in a context where the approach to tax avoidance and conflict of interests occupies a central place in the assessment of the granting of additional remuneration to majority managers, alongside their share in profits. This article is motivated by the low number of works in the context of granting additional remuneration to majority managers, alongside their share in profits. It makes a substantial contribution to the academic literature through adding to the limited body of research on tax avoidance and conflict of interests in a corporate context.Motives for granting additional remuneration to majority managers, by Tunisian limited liability companies, alongside their share in profits
Lassaad Abdelmoula
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the motives for granting additional remuneration to majority managers in Tunisian limited liability companies. The theoretical explanation is based on the tax avoidance hypothesis on the one hand and on the conflict of interests hypothesis on the other hand.

The sample used consists of 48 Tunisian limited liability companies throughout the period ranging from 2015 to 2020. The authors use the panel data with the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimate in first difference.

The results provide evidence of a positive relationship between the accounting performance of the company and the granting of additional remuneration to majority managers, alongside their share in profits. What is more, there is a positive relationship between the change in the company's accounting results and the granting of additional remuneration to majority managers, alongside their share in profits. Likewise, the tax avoidance carried out by the firm is positively and significantly correlated with the granting of additional remuneration to majority managers, alongside their share in profits.

The results may help corporations consider their future growth opportunities. This is in a context where the approach to tax avoidance and conflict of interests occupies a central place in the assessment of the granting of additional remuneration to majority managers, alongside their share in profits.

This article is motivated by the low number of works in the context of granting additional remuneration to majority managers, alongside their share in profits. It makes a substantial contribution to the academic literature through adding to the limited body of research on tax avoidance and conflict of interests in a corporate context.

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Motives for granting additional remuneration to majority managers, by Tunisian limited liability companies, alongside their share in profits10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0060EuroMed Journal of Business2022-12-15© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedLassaad AbdelmoulaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-1510.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0060https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0060/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Participant or spectator? Comprehending the sport sponsorship process from different perspectiveshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0062/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDespite the fact this is already known over how sports spectators interpret sponsorship content, less is known about participants’ sentiments toward sponsors, which are sometimes crucial to the survival of participation sporting events. Various researchers have examined at how spectators recognize or recall sponsors, but very few have explored it from the viewpoint of sport participants. This research portrays a shift in focus from spectator-based to participant-based marketing by studying the differences over how participants and spectators perceive sport sponsorship, recognizing the current knowledge gap regarding the process of sponsorship in participant-based sports. Sponsorship previous research has focused on the effectiveness of sport sponsorships utilizing variables such sponsor recognition, desire to sponsors’ products and anticipated sponsorship advantages (Koronios and Dimitropoulos, 2020). The examination of sport sponsorship from the standpoint of the sport spectator is something that many of the past studies have in common. The application of past research analysing sport sponsorship from a distinct perspective: that of the sport participant, distinguishes the present study. In addition, the present study explores the distinctions in sponsorship effectiveness between spectators and participants, a topic which hasn't been addressed at before in sponsorship literature. This study depicts a move away from spectator-based to participant-based marketing, utilizing contemporary implicit physiological variables to measure participants’ and spectators’ awareness of and attitude toward sponsors, and it proposes a model of their purchase intentions toward real sponsors of a martial event. A total of 1,332 questionnaires were collected and analysed. Factors such as sport involvement, social media use, sincerity and beliefs of sponsorship were found to have a significant effect on purchase intention of spectators and participants. And crucial differences in the significance of various antecedent factors between spectators and participants were detected in the formation of positive purchase and word-of-mouth intentions. This paper gives prominence to contemporary methodological advances in the field of implicit social cognition and their relevance to sponsorship. This is the first sponsorship research which examines the effectiveness of sponsorship variables under the implicit–explicit variables dichotomy.Participant or spectator? Comprehending the sport sponsorship process from different perspectives
Konstantinos Koronios, Alkis Thrassou, Lazaros Ntasis, Georgia Sakka
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Despite the fact this is already known over how sports spectators interpret sponsorship content, less is known about participants’ sentiments toward sponsors, which are sometimes crucial to the survival of participation sporting events. Various researchers have examined at how spectators recognize or recall sponsors, but very few have explored it from the viewpoint of sport participants. This research portrays a shift in focus from spectator-based to participant-based marketing by studying the differences over how participants and spectators perceive sport sponsorship, recognizing the current knowledge gap regarding the process of sponsorship in participant-based sports. Sponsorship previous research has focused on the effectiveness of sport sponsorships utilizing variables such sponsor recognition, desire to sponsors’ products and anticipated sponsorship advantages (Koronios and Dimitropoulos, 2020). The examination of sport sponsorship from the standpoint of the sport spectator is something that many of the past studies have in common. The application of past research analysing sport sponsorship from a distinct perspective: that of the sport participant, distinguishes the present study. In addition, the present study explores the distinctions in sponsorship effectiveness between spectators and participants, a topic which hasn't been addressed at before in sponsorship literature.

This study depicts a move away from spectator-based to participant-based marketing, utilizing contemporary implicit physiological variables to measure participants’ and spectators’ awareness of and attitude toward sponsors, and it proposes a model of their purchase intentions toward real sponsors of a martial event. A total of 1,332 questionnaires were collected and analysed.

Factors such as sport involvement, social media use, sincerity and beliefs of sponsorship were found to have a significant effect on purchase intention of spectators and participants. And crucial differences in the significance of various antecedent factors between spectators and participants were detected in the formation of positive purchase and word-of-mouth intentions.

This paper gives prominence to contemporary methodological advances in the field of implicit social cognition and their relevance to sponsorship. This is the first sponsorship research which examines the effectiveness of sponsorship variables under the implicit–explicit variables dichotomy.

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Participant or spectator? Comprehending the sport sponsorship process from different perspectives10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0062EuroMed Journal of Business2022-07-15© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedKonstantinos KoroniosAlkis ThrassouLazaros NtasisGeorgia SakkaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-07-1510.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0062https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0062/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The effect of entrepreneurial culture on innovation in a negative business environment: the case of Greecehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0064/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe aim of the paper is to study and propose a model of the effect of entrepreneurial culture on innovation, with the country's relevant institutional framework as a mediator. The model applies to the field of wine industry within the Greek institutional framework. The research population consists of wineries in Greece. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. Due to the fact that the model includes latent variables and indirect effects, the partial least squares (PLS) algorithm and the SMART-PLS software were chosen to analyze the data. The effect of entrepreneurial culture and institutional framework on innovation was examined as well as the role of institutional framework as a mediator. It was found that entrepreneurial culture affects innovation positively and statistically significantly. What is more, it was found that the Greek institutional framework affects innovation negatively and statistically significantly. Finally, institutional framework negatively mediates between entrepreneurial culture and innovation, highlighted as a partial mediator. It is highlighted that it is up to entrepreneurs themselves to succeed. Furthermore, policymakers have to take the necessary measures to improve the external business environment of Greece. Indeed, entrepreneurship can succeed even further if the external environment is favorable. It is interesting that despite the negative effect of institutional framework on innovation, the indirect positive effect of entrepreneurial culture on innovation is still statistically significant. This means that entrepreneurs who have the right mindset can overcome external barriers.The effect of entrepreneurial culture on innovation in a negative business environment: the case of Greece
Athanasios Falaras, Odysseas Moschidis
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The aim of the paper is to study and propose a model of the effect of entrepreneurial culture on innovation, with the country's relevant institutional framework as a mediator. The model applies to the field of wine industry within the Greek institutional framework.

The research population consists of wineries in Greece. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. Due to the fact that the model includes latent variables and indirect effects, the partial least squares (PLS) algorithm and the SMART-PLS software were chosen to analyze the data. The effect of entrepreneurial culture and institutional framework on innovation was examined as well as the role of institutional framework as a mediator.

It was found that entrepreneurial culture affects innovation positively and statistically significantly. What is more, it was found that the Greek institutional framework affects innovation negatively and statistically significantly. Finally, institutional framework negatively mediates between entrepreneurial culture and innovation, highlighted as a partial mediator.

It is highlighted that it is up to entrepreneurs themselves to succeed. Furthermore, policymakers have to take the necessary measures to improve the external business environment of Greece. Indeed, entrepreneurship can succeed even further if the external environment is favorable.

It is interesting that despite the negative effect of institutional framework on innovation, the indirect positive effect of entrepreneurial culture on innovation is still statistically significant. This means that entrepreneurs who have the right mindset can overcome external barriers.

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The effect of entrepreneurial culture on innovation in a negative business environment: the case of Greece10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0064EuroMed Journal of Business2023-01-03© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAthanasios FalarasOdysseas MoschidisEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-01-0310.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0064https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0064/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Privacy matters: impact of ethical organization care and government regulations on customer patronagehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0067/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has given an upsurge to online retailing in Pakistan. This shift has escalated the issues about privacy concerns among consumers. Keeping in view the growing concerns, the objective of this study is to investigate customer patronage in online shopping and the role of privacy concerns in this relationship. To generalize the relationship between antecedents and outcomes of privacy concerns, a cross-disciplinary macro model was used. Data were collected through a survey method from the consumers who used credit and debit cards during online shopping. Results show that government regulations have a significant positive relationship with privacy concerns and customer patronage. Privacy concerns are found to have a significant negative relationship with organizational ethical care while customer patronage was found to have a significant positive relationship with organizational ethical care. Customer patronage was also found to have a significant negative relationship with privacy concerns. Privacy concerns mediated the relationship between government regulations and customer patronage, whereas privacy concerns does not mediate the relationship between organizational ethical care and customer patronage. The research adds to the existing literature and highlights the customer behavior toward online shopping/e-commerce in developing economies. The research gives a direction to stakeholders to counter privacy concerns and ensure safer e-commerce practices.Privacy matters: impact of ethical organization care and government regulations on customer patronage
Sobia Bano, Muhammad Zeeshan Mirza, Marva Sohail, Muhammad Umair Javaid
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has given an upsurge to online retailing in Pakistan. This shift has escalated the issues about privacy concerns among consumers. Keeping in view the growing concerns, the objective of this study is to investigate customer patronage in online shopping and the role of privacy concerns in this relationship.

To generalize the relationship between antecedents and outcomes of privacy concerns, a cross-disciplinary macro model was used. Data were collected through a survey method from the consumers who used credit and debit cards during online shopping.

Results show that government regulations have a significant positive relationship with privacy concerns and customer patronage. Privacy concerns are found to have a significant negative relationship with organizational ethical care while customer patronage was found to have a significant positive relationship with organizational ethical care. Customer patronage was also found to have a significant negative relationship with privacy concerns. Privacy concerns mediated the relationship between government regulations and customer patronage, whereas privacy concerns does not mediate the relationship between organizational ethical care and customer patronage.

The research adds to the existing literature and highlights the customer behavior toward online shopping/e-commerce in developing economies. The research gives a direction to stakeholders to counter privacy concerns and ensure safer e-commerce practices.

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Privacy matters: impact of ethical organization care and government regulations on customer patronage10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0067EuroMed Journal of Business2022-07-15© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedSobia BanoMuhammad Zeeshan MirzaMarva SohailMuhammad Umair JavaidEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-07-1510.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0067https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2022-0067/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Oil price fluctuations and economic growth–banking sector nexus: modeling for MENA countrieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0079/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe aim of this paper is to evaluate empirically the impact of oil price fluctuations on the relationship between banking sector development and economic growth in oil-importing MENA countries. The study used the newly developed panel autoregressive distributed lagged (ARDL) approach in order to address any potential endogeneity between research variables. The empirical results show a unidirectional causality in the long run from oil price to both economic growth and banking sector development for oil-importing countries. Also, banking sector development not only leads directly to economic growth but also can play a moderator role in the oil price—economic growth nexus. The study has two principal limitations. On the one hand, this study was conducted in a relatively limited sample of countries. On the other hand, the study did not consider others indicators for banking sector development and others macroeconomic variables. The results found have imperative implications for banks' managers, regulators and researchers. Bank managers should be more concerned with the negative repercussions of oil price fluctuations on the development of their banks. The regulatory authorities must emphasize policies and strategies to further strengthen their banking sector in order to alleviate the negative influence of oil price shocks on economic growth. Researchers focused on finance-growth nexus must take into account the potential influence of oil price shocks. The developed conceptual model allows examining to what extent the oil price fluctuations might affect the relationship between economic growth and banking sector development. This effect is neither evaluated nor clarified in the relevant literature.Oil price fluctuations and economic growth–banking sector nexus: modeling for MENA countries
Samir Belkhaoui
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The aim of this paper is to evaluate empirically the impact of oil price fluctuations on the relationship between banking sector development and economic growth in oil-importing MENA countries.

The study used the newly developed panel autoregressive distributed lagged (ARDL) approach in order to address any potential endogeneity between research variables.

The empirical results show a unidirectional causality in the long run from oil price to both economic growth and banking sector development for oil-importing countries. Also, banking sector development not only leads directly to economic growth but also can play a moderator role in the oil price—economic growth nexus.

The study has two principal limitations. On the one hand, this study was conducted in a relatively limited sample of countries. On the other hand, the study did not consider others indicators for banking sector development and others macroeconomic variables.

The results found have imperative implications for banks' managers, regulators and researchers. Bank managers should be more concerned with the negative repercussions of oil price fluctuations on the development of their banks. The regulatory authorities must emphasize policies and strategies to further strengthen their banking sector in order to alleviate the negative influence of oil price shocks on economic growth. Researchers focused on finance-growth nexus must take into account the potential influence of oil price shocks.

The developed conceptual model allows examining to what extent the oil price fluctuations might affect the relationship between economic growth and banking sector development. This effect is neither evaluated nor clarified in the relevant literature.

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Oil price fluctuations and economic growth–banking sector nexus: modeling for MENA countries10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0079EuroMed Journal of Business2023-09-27© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedSamir BelkhaouiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-09-2710.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0079https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0079/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The moderating effect of fintech on the relationship between CSR and banks' financial stability: Baron and Kenny's approach analysishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0082/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestCorporate social responsibility (CSR) and fintech have emerged as critical megatrends in the banking industry. This study aims to examine the impact of financial technology on the relationship between CSR and banks' financial stability. Specifically, it investigates the moderating effect of fintech on the association between CSR and the financial stability of conventional banks operating in Qatar, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Jordan, Pakistan and Turkey from 2010 to 2021. To achieve the authors’ objective, the authors apply Baron and Kenny's three-link model, tested with fixed and random effects regression models. The results reveal that the development of fintech decreases banks' financial stability, whereas it promotes banks' involvement in CSR strategies. Furthermore, the findings indicate that fintech plays a moderating role in the relationship between CSR and financial stability. It positively moderates the impact of CSR on financial stability. The robustness analysis highlights the mutual reinforcement of fintech and CSR dimensions in improving the financial stability of banks. Thus, by fostering community and product responsibility, fintech could enhance the financial stability of banks. Finally, the authors recommend that banks focus more on developing technological and environmentally friendly financial products. This study contributes significantly by providing valuable insights for managers and policymakers seeking to improve banks' financial stability through the simultaneous adoption of new financial technology products and the strong commitment to CSR practices.The moderating effect of fintech on the relationship between CSR and banks' financial stability: Baron and Kenny's approach analysis
Ines Ben Salah Mahdi, Mariem Bouaziz, Mouna Boujelbène Abbes
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and fintech have emerged as critical megatrends in the banking industry. This study aims to examine the impact of financial technology on the relationship between CSR and banks' financial stability. Specifically, it investigates the moderating effect of fintech on the association between CSR and the financial stability of conventional banks operating in Qatar, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Jordan, Pakistan and Turkey from 2010 to 2021.

To achieve the authors’ objective, the authors apply Baron and Kenny's three-link model, tested with fixed and random effects regression models.

The results reveal that the development of fintech decreases banks' financial stability, whereas it promotes banks' involvement in CSR strategies. Furthermore, the findings indicate that fintech plays a moderating role in the relationship between CSR and financial stability. It positively moderates the impact of CSR on financial stability. The robustness analysis highlights the mutual reinforcement of fintech and CSR dimensions in improving the financial stability of banks. Thus, by fostering community and product responsibility, fintech could enhance the financial stability of banks.

Finally, the authors recommend that banks focus more on developing technological and environmentally friendly financial products.

This study contributes significantly by providing valuable insights for managers and policymakers seeking to improve banks' financial stability through the simultaneous adoption of new financial technology products and the strong commitment to CSR practices.

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The moderating effect of fintech on the relationship between CSR and banks' financial stability: Baron and Kenny's approach analysis10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0082EuroMed Journal of Business2023-10-24© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedInes Ben Salah MahdiMariem BouazizMouna Boujelbène AbbesEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-2410.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0082https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0082/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Can fiat currencies really hedge Pax gold? Evidence from range-based DCC modelshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0085/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper assesses the co-movement between Pax gold and six fiat currencies. It also investigates the optimal time-varying hedge ratios in order to examine the properties of Pax gold as a diversifier and hedge asset. This paper examines the volatility spillover between Pax gold and fiat currencies using the framework of wavelet analysis, BEKK-GARCH models and Range DCC-GARCH. Moreover, this paper proposes to use the covariance and variance structure obtained from the new range DCC-GARCH framework to estimate the time-varying optimal hedge ratios, the optimal weighs and the hedging effectiveness. Wavelet coherence method reveals that, at low frequency, large zone of co-movements appears for the pairs Pax gold/EUR, Pax gold/JPY and Pax gold/RUB. Further, the BEKK results show unidirectional (bidirectional) transmission effects between Pax gold and EUR, GBP, JPY and CNY (INR, RUB) fiat currencies. Moreover, the Range DCC results show that the Pax gold and the fiat currency returns are weakly correlated with low coefficients close to zero. Thus, Pax gold seems to serve as a safe haven asset against the systematic risk of fiat currency markets. In addition, the results of optimal weights show that rational investor should invest more in Pax gold and less in fiat currencies. Concerning the hedge ratios results, the findings reveal that the INR (JPY) fiat currency appears to be the most expensive (cheapest) hedge for the Pax-gold market. However, the JPY’s fiat currency appears to be the cheapest one. As for hedging effectiveness results, the authors found that hedging strategies including fiat currencies–Pax gold pairs are most likely to sharply decrease the portfolio’s risk. A comprehensive understanding of the relationship between Pax Gold and fiat currencies is crucial for refining portfolio strategies involving cryptocurrencies. This research underscores the significance of grasping volatility transmissions between these currencies, providing valuable insights to guide investors in their decision-making processes. Moreover, it encourages further exploration into the interdependencies of digital currencies. Additionally, this study sheds light on effective contagion risk management, particularly during crises such as Covid-19 and the Russia–Ukraine conflict. It underscores the role of Pax Gold as a safe-haven asset and offers practical guidance for adjusting portfolios across various economic conditions. Ultimately, this research advances our comprehension of Pax Gold’s risk-return profile, positioning it as a potential hedge during periods of uncertainty, thereby contributing to the evolving literature on cryptocurrencies. This study’s primary value lies in its pioneering empirical examination of the time-varying correlations and scale dependence between Pax Gold and fiat currencies. It goes beyond by determining optimal time-varying hedge ratios through the innovative Range-DCC-GARCH model, originally introduced by Molnár (2016) and distinguished by its incorporation of both low and high prices. Significantly, this analysis unfolds within the unique context of the Covid-19 pandemic and the Russian–Ukrainian conflict, marking a novel contribution to the field.Can fiat currencies really hedge Pax gold? Evidence from range-based DCC models
Yousra Trichilli, Hana Kharrat, Mouna Boujelbène Abbes
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper assesses the co-movement between Pax gold and six fiat currencies. It also investigates the optimal time-varying hedge ratios in order to examine the properties of Pax gold as a diversifier and hedge asset.

This paper examines the volatility spillover between Pax gold and fiat currencies using the framework of wavelet analysis, BEKK-GARCH models and Range DCC-GARCH. Moreover, this paper proposes to use the covariance and variance structure obtained from the new range DCC-GARCH framework to estimate the time-varying optimal hedge ratios, the optimal weighs and the hedging effectiveness.

Wavelet coherence method reveals that, at low frequency, large zone of co-movements appears for the pairs Pax gold/EUR, Pax gold/JPY and Pax gold/RUB. Further, the BEKK results show unidirectional (bidirectional) transmission effects between Pax gold and EUR, GBP, JPY and CNY (INR, RUB) fiat currencies. Moreover, the Range DCC results show that the Pax gold and the fiat currency returns are weakly correlated with low coefficients close to zero. Thus, Pax gold seems to serve as a safe haven asset against the systematic risk of fiat currency markets. In addition, the results of optimal weights show that rational investor should invest more in Pax gold and less in fiat currencies. Concerning the hedge ratios results, the findings reveal that the INR (JPY) fiat currency appears to be the most expensive (cheapest) hedge for the Pax-gold market. However, the JPY’s fiat currency appears to be the cheapest one. As for hedging effectiveness results, the authors found that hedging strategies including fiat currencies–Pax gold pairs are most likely to sharply decrease the portfolio’s risk.

A comprehensive understanding of the relationship between Pax Gold and fiat currencies is crucial for refining portfolio strategies involving cryptocurrencies. This research underscores the significance of grasping volatility transmissions between these currencies, providing valuable insights to guide investors in their decision-making processes. Moreover, it encourages further exploration into the interdependencies of digital currencies. Additionally, this study sheds light on effective contagion risk management, particularly during crises such as Covid-19 and the Russia–Ukraine conflict. It underscores the role of Pax Gold as a safe-haven asset and offers practical guidance for adjusting portfolios across various economic conditions. Ultimately, this research advances our comprehension of Pax Gold’s risk-return profile, positioning it as a potential hedge during periods of uncertainty, thereby contributing to the evolving literature on cryptocurrencies.

This study’s primary value lies in its pioneering empirical examination of the time-varying correlations and scale dependence between Pax Gold and fiat currencies. It goes beyond by determining optimal time-varying hedge ratios through the innovative Range-DCC-GARCH model, originally introduced by Molnár (2016) and distinguished by its incorporation of both low and high prices. Significantly, this analysis unfolds within the unique context of the Covid-19 pandemic and the Russian–Ukrainian conflict, marking a novel contribution to the field.

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Can fiat currencies really hedge Pax gold? Evidence from range-based DCC models10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0085EuroMed Journal of Business2024-03-19© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedYousra TrichilliHana KharratMouna Boujelbène AbbesEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-1910.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0085https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0085/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Forecasting Bitcoin returns using machine learning algorithms: impact of investor sentimenthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0086/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to assess the predictive performance of various factors on Bitcoin returns, used for the development of a robust forecasting support decision model using machine learning techniques, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. More specifically, the authors investigate the impact of the investor's sentiment on forecasting the Bitcoin returns. This method uses feature selection techniques to assess the predictive performance of the different factors on the Bitcoin returns. Subsequently, the authors developed a forecasting model for the Bitcoin returns by evaluating the accuracy of three machine learning models, namely the one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN), the bidirectional deep learning long short-term memory (BLSTM) neural networks and the support vector machine model. The findings shed light on the importance of the investor's sentiment in enhancing the accuracy of the return forecasts. Furthermore, the investor's sentiment, the economic policy uncertainty (EPU), gold and the financial stress index (FSI) are the top best determinants before the COVID-19 outbreak. However, there was a significant decrease in the importance of financial uncertainty (FSI and EPU) during the COVID-19 pandemic, proving that investors attach much more importance to the sentimental side than to the traditional uncertainty factors. Regarding the forecasting model accuracy, the authors found that the 1D-CNN model showed the lowest prediction error before and during the COVID-19 and outperformed the other models. Therefore, it represents the best-performing algorithm among its tested counterparts, while the BLSTM is the least accurate model. Moreover, this study contributes to a better understanding relevant for investors and policymakers to better forecast the returns based on a forecasting model, which can be used as a decision-making support tool. Therefore, the obtained results can drive the investors to uncover potential determinants, which forecast the Bitcoin returns. It actually gives more weight to the sentiment rather than financial uncertainties factors during the pandemic crisis. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to have attempted to construct a novel crypto sentiment measure and use it to develop a Bitcoin forecasting model. In fact, the development of a robust forecasting model, using machine learning techniques, offers a practical value as a decision-making support tool for investment strategies and policy formulation.Forecasting Bitcoin returns using machine learning algorithms: impact of investor sentiment
Fatma Ben Hamadou, Taicir Mezghani, Ramzi Zouari, Mouna Boujelbène-Abbes
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to assess the predictive performance of various factors on Bitcoin returns, used for the development of a robust forecasting support decision model using machine learning techniques, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. More specifically, the authors investigate the impact of the investor's sentiment on forecasting the Bitcoin returns.

This method uses feature selection techniques to assess the predictive performance of the different factors on the Bitcoin returns. Subsequently, the authors developed a forecasting model for the Bitcoin returns by evaluating the accuracy of three machine learning models, namely the one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN), the bidirectional deep learning long short-term memory (BLSTM) neural networks and the support vector machine model.

The findings shed light on the importance of the investor's sentiment in enhancing the accuracy of the return forecasts. Furthermore, the investor's sentiment, the economic policy uncertainty (EPU), gold and the financial stress index (FSI) are the top best determinants before the COVID-19 outbreak. However, there was a significant decrease in the importance of financial uncertainty (FSI and EPU) during the COVID-19 pandemic, proving that investors attach much more importance to the sentimental side than to the traditional uncertainty factors. Regarding the forecasting model accuracy, the authors found that the 1D-CNN model showed the lowest prediction error before and during the COVID-19 and outperformed the other models. Therefore, it represents the best-performing algorithm among its tested counterparts, while the BLSTM is the least accurate model.

Moreover, this study contributes to a better understanding relevant for investors and policymakers to better forecast the returns based on a forecasting model, which can be used as a decision-making support tool. Therefore, the obtained results can drive the investors to uncover potential determinants, which forecast the Bitcoin returns. It actually gives more weight to the sentiment rather than financial uncertainties factors during the pandemic crisis.

To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to have attempted to construct a novel crypto sentiment measure and use it to develop a Bitcoin forecasting model. In fact, the development of a robust forecasting model, using machine learning techniques, offers a practical value as a decision-making support tool for investment strategies and policy formulation.

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Forecasting Bitcoin returns using machine learning algorithms: impact of investor sentiment10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0086EuroMed Journal of Business2023-09-18© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedFatma Ben HamadouTaicir MezghaniRamzi ZouariMouna Boujelbène-AbbesEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-09-1810.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0086https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0086/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Nature-love and sustainable consumption behaviors: does the construal level of psychological distance matter?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0091/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDespite the importance of emotional variables in shaping individuals' consumption behavior, nature-love still needs to be addressed concerning various aspects of sustainable consumption behavior (SCB). Considering the dimensions of nature-love, this study aims to investigate the effect of passion-for-nature, intimacy-with-nature and commitment-to-nature on SCB. Furthermore, this study aims to incorporate the construal levels of psychological distance (PD) as a moderating variable between the tested variables to add a more in-depth understanding. Data was collected from a sample of 311 individuals from Egypt using the snowball sampling method and the ten-time rule technique. The data was analyzed using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that passion-for-nature and intimacy-with-nature have a significant positive effect on green purchasing, reusability and recycling. On the other hand, commitment-to-nature has a significant positive effect on both green purchasing and reusability. Additionally, a high PD acts as a moderator between the relationships tested. The findings have been discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical implications. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to integrate PD as a moderator between the relationships tested. Additionally, this paper is the first empirical research investigating these relationships in developing economies.Nature-love and sustainable consumption behaviors: does the construal level of psychological distance matter?
Mohamed M. Elsotouhy, Mohamed A. Ghonim, Nada Khalifa, Mohamed A. Khashan
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Despite the importance of emotional variables in shaping individuals' consumption behavior, nature-love still needs to be addressed concerning various aspects of sustainable consumption behavior (SCB). Considering the dimensions of nature-love, this study aims to investigate the effect of passion-for-nature, intimacy-with-nature and commitment-to-nature on SCB. Furthermore, this study aims to incorporate the construal levels of psychological distance (PD) as a moderating variable between the tested variables to add a more in-depth understanding.

Data was collected from a sample of 311 individuals from Egypt using the snowball sampling method and the ten-time rule technique. The data was analyzed using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

The findings indicate that passion-for-nature and intimacy-with-nature have a significant positive effect on green purchasing, reusability and recycling. On the other hand, commitment-to-nature has a significant positive effect on both green purchasing and reusability. Additionally, a high PD acts as a moderator between the relationships tested. The findings have been discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical implications.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to integrate PD as a moderator between the relationships tested. Additionally, this paper is the first empirical research investigating these relationships in developing economies.

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Nature-love and sustainable consumption behaviors: does the construal level of psychological distance matter?10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0091EuroMed Journal of Business2023-10-20© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedMohamed M. ElsotouhyMohamed A. GhonimNada KhalifaMohamed A. KhashanEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-2010.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0091https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0091/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Rethinking green investment and corporate sustainability: the south European countries experiences during the COVID-19 crisishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0093/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe COVID-19 pandemic has generated a crisis that has hit the European economy and the currently existing systems. To cope with the crisis, Europe has started an investment aiming the energy transition and crisis. Portugal, Spain and Greece have received the approval of their National Recovery Plans from the European Commission, with a definition of spending up to 2026 through the European Union (EU) Next Generation Found. The study investigates whether the Green Deal policies are relaunched by the plans financed and whether the pandemic has changed and conditioned the priorities of the energy transaction. The study uses the lens of corporate social responsability (CSR) and relapse measurable across the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The Green Deal policies supported by new European investments in the three countries were analyzed through a content analysis (CA) technique to investigate the associated practical and theoretical elements. The energy theme has a relevance compared to other issues in the investment plans envisaged in Greece, Portugal and Spain. The analysis highlights energy efficiency, sustainable energy and reduction of consumption among the main themes. Energetically, sustainable building plays a central role. The study highlights the relationship between Green Deal policies, CSR, SDGs and management tools adopted. The study strengthens the relationship between the Green Deal, CSR and SDGs by identifying policies that have already been implemented and theoretical and practical gaps on which politicians and scholars will have to investigate and support in the process of development and continuity of the identified pillars.Rethinking green investment and corporate sustainability: the south European countries experiences during the COVID-19 crisis
Valerio Brescia, Paolo Esposito, Stefano Amelio, Paolo Pietro Biancone
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a crisis that has hit the European economy and the currently existing systems. To cope with the crisis, Europe has started an investment aiming the energy transition and crisis. Portugal, Spain and Greece have received the approval of their National Recovery Plans from the European Commission, with a definition of spending up to 2026 through the European Union (EU) Next Generation Found. The study investigates whether the Green Deal policies are relaunched by the plans financed and whether the pandemic has changed and conditioned the priorities of the energy transaction. The study uses the lens of corporate social responsability (CSR) and relapse measurable across the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

The Green Deal policies supported by new European investments in the three countries were analyzed through a content analysis (CA) technique to investigate the associated practical and theoretical elements.

The energy theme has a relevance compared to other issues in the investment plans envisaged in Greece, Portugal and Spain. The analysis highlights energy efficiency, sustainable energy and reduction of consumption among the main themes. Energetically, sustainable building plays a central role. The study highlights the relationship between Green Deal policies, CSR, SDGs and management tools adopted.

The study strengthens the relationship between the Green Deal, CSR and SDGs by identifying policies that have already been implemented and theoretical and practical gaps on which politicians and scholars will have to investigate and support in the process of development and continuity of the identified pillars.

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Rethinking green investment and corporate sustainability: the south European countries experiences during the COVID-19 crisis10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0093EuroMed Journal of Business2023-07-17© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedValerio BresciaPaolo EspositoStefano AmelioPaolo Pietro BianconeEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-07-1710.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0093https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-03-2023-0093/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Attesting to hotel employees' professionalism: views and perceptions of managershttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0075/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe aim of this paper is to investigate and define employees' professionalism in the hotel industry. A professional employee has specific core competencies and personal attributes that improve the quality of service by resolving guest complaints, ensuring guest satisfaction and gaining a competitive advantage. In the hospitality industry, interaction with customers necessitates providing services of high standards that are characterised by professionalism. This research deployed a quantitative methodology with self-administering questionnaires to hotel managers of 4-star and 5-star hotels. The results of the study suggest that employees' professionalism in hotels includes skills combined with personality characteristics along with a passion for the profession. Thus, to attest to professionalism, managers must ensure that skills are adjusted to subject-specific knowledge and expertise while incorporating “social consciousness” as a constituent dimension of professionalism. This study investigates the concept of professionalism as the main prerequisite for the delivery of exceptional hotel services and introduces the notion of “social consciousness” as an additional dimension of professionalism.Attesting to hotel employees' professionalism: views and perceptions of managers
Sotiroula Liasidou, Georgios Afxentiou, Elena Malkawi, George Antoniades
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The aim of this paper is to investigate and define employees' professionalism in the hotel industry. A professional employee has specific core competencies and personal attributes that improve the quality of service by resolving guest complaints, ensuring guest satisfaction and gaining a competitive advantage. In the hospitality industry, interaction with customers necessitates providing services of high standards that are characterised by professionalism.

This research deployed a quantitative methodology with self-administering questionnaires to hotel managers of 4-star and 5-star hotels.

The results of the study suggest that employees' professionalism in hotels includes skills combined with personality characteristics along with a passion for the profession. Thus, to attest to professionalism, managers must ensure that skills are adjusted to subject-specific knowledge and expertise while incorporating “social consciousness” as a constituent dimension of professionalism.

This study investigates the concept of professionalism as the main prerequisite for the delivery of exceptional hotel services and introduces the notion of “social consciousness” as an additional dimension of professionalism.

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Attesting to hotel employees' professionalism: views and perceptions of managers10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0075EuroMed Journal of Business2023-01-05© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedSotiroula LiasidouGeorgios AfxentiouElena MalkawiGeorge AntoniadesEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-01-0510.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0075https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0075/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Ten years after the Jasmine Revolution: do social audits matter for investment and credit-granting decision-making?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0076/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research aims to explore the perceived usefulness of audited social information in making economic decisions, in the eyes of both Tunisian financial analysts and bankers. The authors conduct an exploratory qualitative study using twelve semi-structured interviews: seven are carried out with financial analysts, and five are performed among bankers. This study’s results reveal that financial analysts and bankers paid little attention to the audited social information in making investment/credit granting decisions. The authors also show that the low perceived usefulness of social audit is due to many reasons related to political, economic, regulatory, educational, cultural and cognitive factors. This study contributes to the current literature in several ways. First, it enriches the knowledge about the perceived usefulness of social audit. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to explore the perception of financial analysts and bankers to audited social information and its usefulness for decision-making. Second, the focus on the Tunisian context is interesting as it was marked, since the outbreak of the Jasmine Revolution, by the uncertainty and the instability of political, economic and social conditions. Third, this research goes further by exploring the most important factors affecting the perceiveness of social auditing.Ten years after the Jasmine Revolution: do social audits matter for investment and credit-granting decision-making?
Feten Arfaoui, Ines Kammoun, Imen Ben Slimene
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research aims to explore the perceived usefulness of audited social information in making economic decisions, in the eyes of both Tunisian financial analysts and bankers.

The authors conduct an exploratory qualitative study using twelve semi-structured interviews: seven are carried out with financial analysts, and five are performed among bankers.

This study’s results reveal that financial analysts and bankers paid little attention to the audited social information in making investment/credit granting decisions. The authors also show that the low perceived usefulness of social audit is due to many reasons related to political, economic, regulatory, educational, cultural and cognitive factors.

This study contributes to the current literature in several ways. First, it enriches the knowledge about the perceived usefulness of social audit. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to explore the perception of financial analysts and bankers to audited social information and its usefulness for decision-making. Second, the focus on the Tunisian context is interesting as it was marked, since the outbreak of the Jasmine Revolution, by the uncertainty and the instability of political, economic and social conditions. Third, this research goes further by exploring the most important factors affecting the perceiveness of social auditing.

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Ten years after the Jasmine Revolution: do social audits matter for investment and credit-granting decision-making?10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0076EuroMed Journal of Business2023-03-21© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedFeten ArfaouiInes KammounImen Ben SlimeneEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-2110.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0076https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0076/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Do online reviews help? The contingent effect of perceived crowdedness and gender for restaurant selectionhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0077/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to investigate the impact of perceived usefulness of online reviews and crowd cues on restaurant selection. In addition, the authors also examine the moderating role of perceived crowding and gender in this process. The proposed hypotheses were tested with survey data (N = 200) collected from customers visiting full-service restaurants in Malaysia. The data were analyzed using SEM through Smart PLS. The findings supported that the perceived usefulness of online reviews and perceived crowding have a positive effect on a consumer's purchase intentions, i.e. their decision of restaurant selection. Besides, a higher level of perceived crowding strengthens the relationship between the perceived usefulness of online reviews and their purchase intentions. This finding delineates that consumers prefer to dine in a crowded place with useful online reviews in an unfamiliar place. Finally, the results show that the effect of the usefulness of online reviews on purchase intentions does not vary with respect to gender (no significant contingent effect). However, the effect of perceived crowding varies with respect to gender – male customers have higher intentions to join crowded restaurants as compared to females. Limitation of this study is its cross-sectional research design; data were collected in a single time frame. Longitudinal research design can be used to get in-depth knowledge of this phenomenon. Secondly, a non-probability sampling technique was used in this study, future research can used probability sampling technique to enhance generalizability of the study. Moreover, this study focused on the human crowding aspect, future studies can cover both aspects of crowding (human crowding and spatial crowding) in retailing or other service sectors (Blut and Iyer, 2020). This study has multiple practical implications. This study extends the current research on usefulness of online reviews and perceived crowding by investigating its direct and conditional effects. Specifically, the authors contribute in extant research by explaining its differential effects for male and female customers, when they select which restaurants to dine.Do online reviews help? The contingent effect of perceived crowdedness and gender for restaurant selection
Muhammad Asghar Ali, Ding Hooi Ting, Muhammad Umer Azeem, Amir Zaib Abbasi
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to investigate the impact of perceived usefulness of online reviews and crowd cues on restaurant selection. In addition, the authors also examine the moderating role of perceived crowding and gender in this process.

The proposed hypotheses were tested with survey data (N = 200) collected from customers visiting full-service restaurants in Malaysia. The data were analyzed using SEM through Smart PLS.

The findings supported that the perceived usefulness of online reviews and perceived crowding have a positive effect on a consumer's purchase intentions, i.e. their decision of restaurant selection. Besides, a higher level of perceived crowding strengthens the relationship between the perceived usefulness of online reviews and their purchase intentions. This finding delineates that consumers prefer to dine in a crowded place with useful online reviews in an unfamiliar place. Finally, the results show that the effect of the usefulness of online reviews on purchase intentions does not vary with respect to gender (no significant contingent effect). However, the effect of perceived crowding varies with respect to gender – male customers have higher intentions to join crowded restaurants as compared to females.

Limitation of this study is its cross-sectional research design; data were collected in a single time frame. Longitudinal research design can be used to get in-depth knowledge of this phenomenon. Secondly, a non-probability sampling technique was used in this study, future research can used probability sampling technique to enhance generalizability of the study. Moreover, this study focused on the human crowding aspect, future studies can cover both aspects of crowding (human crowding and spatial crowding) in retailing or other service sectors (Blut and Iyer, 2020).

This study has multiple practical implications.

This study extends the current research on usefulness of online reviews and perceived crowding by investigating its direct and conditional effects. Specifically, the authors contribute in extant research by explaining its differential effects for male and female customers, when they select which restaurants to dine.

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Do online reviews help? The contingent effect of perceived crowdedness and gender for restaurant selection10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0077EuroMed Journal of Business2022-09-01© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMuhammad Asghar AliDing Hooi TingMuhammad Umer AzeemAmir Zaib AbbasiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-0110.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0077https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0077/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Leveraging growth spillovers to navigate CARICOM trade relations in the post-COVID-19 global spacehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0084/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe phenomenon of growth spillover occurs because of domestic shocks, global shocks and shocks to a foreign country or region, and these are transmitted through specific channels. This study investigates the strength of the economic linkages between Caribbean Community (CARICOM) economies and its main traditional partners, including the European Union (EU-27), and emerging trading partners, such as China, with a view to determining the presence and extent of spillover growth which results from the interdependence among these economies. The paper hypothesizes that the presence of these spillovers can be leveraged to chart the future for the region's integration in the global sphere. Based on the existing theoretical and empirical literature, a structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) model was developed and employed to examine the strength of the economic linkages between CARICOM economies and its main trading partners, such as the United States (US), the United Kingdom (UK) and the EU-27, alongside some of the non-traditional partners such as China. This method has been widely used by institutions, such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank, to profile economic linkages between economies. To this end, the methodology was formulated based on the IMF Spillover Reports which were produced from 2011 to 2015. The model suggests that positive spillovers are likely to occur from continued deepened integration with the US, EU-27 and the UK, as traditional trade partners, but that opportunities also exist from a deliberate deepening of relations with non-traditional trade partners, for example, China. This becomes even more apparent when CARICOM is separated into categories consisting of more developed countries (MDCs) and less developed countries (LDCs). In addition, from the perspective of any trading partner, such as those in the EU-27, this research is relevant and timely as it contributes to the landscape of literature, which can be utilized for the purpose of negotiating parameters of trade and integration arrangements. This study adds to the literature on evaluating the direction for deepened integration of CARICOM economies, both with selected traditional and non-traditional trade partners as the region pilots recovery in a post-pandemic global space. Policymakers can use the results of this study to leverage economic spillovers as a basis for determining which trade partners offer the most significant growth benefits as the region recovers from the COVID-19 pandemic and it will also assist in steering regional integration. This result also implies that over time, the comparative advantage structure of CARICOM member countries' export profile should change to reflect the import profile of its trade partners. To this end, this study can be used to inform and better position the respective trade and industrial development policies of countries in the Caribbean region as they attempt to deepen integration regionally and internationally. From the perspective of the partner, traditional trading relationships such as those which exist with European countries, such as the CARIFORUM-EU Economic Partnership Agreement, can be more deliberately utilized given the geographic benefits on offer with deepened relationships with economies in the Caribbean. Further, this research can also be a point of departure for future research. This study is among the few empirical works that examine spillover effects as a strategy for rebuilding economic growth in the post-COVID 19 era. This study adds to the literature on evaluating the direction for deepened integration of CARICOM economies, both with selected traditional and non-traditional trade partners as the region navigates recovery in a post-pandemic global space.Leveraging growth spillovers to navigate CARICOM trade relations in the post-COVID-19 global space
Roger Hosein, Rebecca Gookool, George Saridakis, Sandra Sookram
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The phenomenon of growth spillover occurs because of domestic shocks, global shocks and shocks to a foreign country or region, and these are transmitted through specific channels. This study investigates the strength of the economic linkages between Caribbean Community (CARICOM) economies and its main traditional partners, including the European Union (EU-27), and emerging trading partners, such as China, with a view to determining the presence and extent of spillover growth which results from the interdependence among these economies. The paper hypothesizes that the presence of these spillovers can be leveraged to chart the future for the region's integration in the global sphere.

Based on the existing theoretical and empirical literature, a structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) model was developed and employed to examine the strength of the economic linkages between CARICOM economies and its main trading partners, such as the United States (US), the United Kingdom (UK) and the EU-27, alongside some of the non-traditional partners such as China. This method has been widely used by institutions, such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank, to profile economic linkages between economies. To this end, the methodology was formulated based on the IMF Spillover Reports which were produced from 2011 to 2015.

The model suggests that positive spillovers are likely to occur from continued deepened integration with the US, EU-27 and the UK, as traditional trade partners, but that opportunities also exist from a deliberate deepening of relations with non-traditional trade partners, for example, China. This becomes even more apparent when CARICOM is separated into categories consisting of more developed countries (MDCs) and less developed countries (LDCs). In addition, from the perspective of any trading partner, such as those in the EU-27, this research is relevant and timely as it contributes to the landscape of literature, which can be utilized for the purpose of negotiating parameters of trade and integration arrangements.

This study adds to the literature on evaluating the direction for deepened integration of CARICOM economies, both with selected traditional and non-traditional trade partners as the region pilots recovery in a post-pandemic global space.

Policymakers can use the results of this study to leverage economic spillovers as a basis for determining which trade partners offer the most significant growth benefits as the region recovers from the COVID-19 pandemic and it will also assist in steering regional integration. This result also implies that over time, the comparative advantage structure of CARICOM member countries' export profile should change to reflect the import profile of its trade partners. To this end, this study can be used to inform and better position the respective trade and industrial development policies of countries in the Caribbean region as they attempt to deepen integration regionally and internationally. From the perspective of the partner, traditional trading relationships such as those which exist with European countries, such as the CARIFORUM-EU Economic Partnership Agreement, can be more deliberately utilized given the geographic benefits on offer with deepened relationships with economies in the Caribbean. Further, this research can also be a point of departure for future research.

This study is among the few empirical works that examine spillover effects as a strategy for rebuilding economic growth in the post-COVID 19 era. This study adds to the literature on evaluating the direction for deepened integration of CARICOM economies, both with selected traditional and non-traditional trade partners as the region navigates recovery in a post-pandemic global space.

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Leveraging growth spillovers to navigate CARICOM trade relations in the post-COVID-19 global space10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0084EuroMed Journal of Business2023-02-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedRoger HoseinRebecca GookoolGeorge SaridakisSandra SookramEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-2810.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0084https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0084/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Scuba diving tourism and the challenge of sustainability: evidence from an explorative study in North African-Mediterranean countrieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0085/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestScuba diving tourism is reputed to be a potential low-impact recreational activity that allow environmental conservation and socioeconomic benefits for local communities. Few studies have addressed the issue of sustainability of scuba diving tourism through the simultaneously investigation on the economic and socio-cultural aspects and its implications for tourism development. This study aims to examine the scuba diving tourism in three under-explored North African tourism destinations with high ecotourist potential. The authors present an exploratory picture of scuba diving tourist demand, divers' preferences, motivations for recreational diving experiences and their propensity towards conservation. The authors developed a case study research strategy collecting profile data on 123 divers. Furthermore, regression analysis was performed to investigate the divers' preferences, motivations and propensity towards conservation. The divers' limited number, the presence of mainly local seasonal tourists and a moderate propensity towards conservation influence the potential of the diving tourism segment to generate significant socioeconomic benefits for local sustainable development in these destinations. However, establishing a marine protected area (MPA) could foster the development of a long-term strategy for scuba diving tourism, improve conservation awareness and increase divers' satisfaction. Diverse profiles, preferences and motivations can provide tools to sustainably manage and preserve coastal and marine biodiversity, while also maximising the quality of the recreational experience. One of the most effective site-based strategies to orient the diving sector towards sustainability involves the design and strengthening of MPAs. The research provides an original contribution to the debate on sustainable tourism strategies by demonstrating how the study of economic and socio-cultural aspects of scuba diving could provide guidelines to orient the tourism development of marine and coastal areas towards the principles of sustainability (also through the establishment of MPAs). The findings present an overview of the sustainability of the scuba diving tourism segment by investigating the preferences, motivations and inclination towards conservation among tourists for whom the diving experience is not a core holiday activity.Scuba diving tourism and the challenge of sustainability: evidence from an explorative study in North African-Mediterranean countries
Iacopo Cavallini, Daniela Marzo, Luisa Scaccia, Sara Scipioni, Federico Niccolini
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Scuba diving tourism is reputed to be a potential low-impact recreational activity that allow environmental conservation and socioeconomic benefits for local communities. Few studies have addressed the issue of sustainability of scuba diving tourism through the simultaneously investigation on the economic and socio-cultural aspects and its implications for tourism development. This study aims to examine the scuba diving tourism in three under-explored North African tourism destinations with high ecotourist potential. The authors present an exploratory picture of scuba diving tourist demand, divers' preferences, motivations for recreational diving experiences and their propensity towards conservation.

The authors developed a case study research strategy collecting profile data on 123 divers. Furthermore, regression analysis was performed to investigate the divers' preferences, motivations and propensity towards conservation.

The divers' limited number, the presence of mainly local seasonal tourists and a moderate propensity towards conservation influence the potential of the diving tourism segment to generate significant socioeconomic benefits for local sustainable development in these destinations. However, establishing a marine protected area (MPA) could foster the development of a long-term strategy for scuba diving tourism, improve conservation awareness and increase divers' satisfaction.

Diverse profiles, preferences and motivations can provide tools to sustainably manage and preserve coastal and marine biodiversity, while also maximising the quality of the recreational experience. One of the most effective site-based strategies to orient the diving sector towards sustainability involves the design and strengthening of MPAs.

The research provides an original contribution to the debate on sustainable tourism strategies by demonstrating how the study of economic and socio-cultural aspects of scuba diving could provide guidelines to orient the tourism development of marine and coastal areas towards the principles of sustainability (also through the establishment of MPAs). The findings present an overview of the sustainability of the scuba diving tourism segment by investigating the preferences, motivations and inclination towards conservation among tourists for whom the diving experience is not a core holiday activity.

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Scuba diving tourism and the challenge of sustainability: evidence from an explorative study in North African-Mediterranean countries10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0085EuroMed Journal of Business2023-04-25© 2023 Iacopo Cavallini, Daniela Marzo, Luisa Scaccia, Sara Scipioni and Federico NiccoliniIacopo CavalliniDaniela MarzoLuisa ScacciaSara ScipioniFederico NiccoliniEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-04-2510.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0085https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2022-0085/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Iacopo Cavallini, Daniela Marzo, Luisa Scaccia, Sara Scipioni and Federico Niccolinihttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
The impact of FinTech firms on bank performance: evidence from the UKhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0099/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study examines the impact of financial technology (FinTech) on bank performance employing data from the United Kingdom (UK) banking sector for a period spanning from 2010 to 2019. This study employs static as well as dynamic panel data regression analysis to assess the impact of FinTech on the profitability of UK banks. The results show that FinTech firms positively impact bank performance. For every new FinTech firm introduced into the UK market, net interest margin (NIM) and yield on earning assets (YEA) increase by 6.385 and 3.192% of their sample means, respectively. Cooperating with FinTech firms, UK banks can broaden their portfolio of financial services offered to their customers and optimize their profit margins. This is the first study that examines the impact of FinTech on bank profitability employing data from a developed market.The impact of FinTech firms on bank performance: evidence from the UK
Apostolos Dasilas, Goran Karanović
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study examines the impact of financial technology (FinTech) on bank performance employing data from the United Kingdom (UK) banking sector for a period spanning from 2010 to 2019.

This study employs static as well as dynamic panel data regression analysis to assess the impact of FinTech on the profitability of UK banks.

The results show that FinTech firms positively impact bank performance. For every new FinTech firm introduced into the UK market, net interest margin (NIM) and yield on earning assets (YEA) increase by 6.385 and 3.192% of their sample means, respectively.

Cooperating with FinTech firms, UK banks can broaden their portfolio of financial services offered to their customers and optimize their profit margins.

This is the first study that examines the impact of FinTech on bank profitability employing data from a developed market.

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The impact of FinTech firms on bank performance: evidence from the UK10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0099EuroMed Journal of Business2023-09-26© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedApostolos DasilasGoran KaranovićEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-09-2610.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0099https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0099/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Digital transformation in tourism and hospitality industry: a literature review of blockchain, financial technology, and knowledge managementhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0118/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to provide a new overview and opportunities of blockchain (BCT), financial technology (fintech) and knowledge management (KM) over the past ten years. Its focus is on their potential to drive new value creation and innovation processes within the digital landscape of the tourism and hospitality. This systematic literature review and sociotechnical approach employs a literature analysis, analyzing and synthesizing 62 relevant articles published in the past decade form e-databases (Web of Science and Scopus). This study reveals that researchers frequently discuss the potential advantages and challenges of BCT, fintech and KM in this industry. These include establishing systems that prioritize transparency and traceability, addressing blockchain security concerns, enhancing financial transaction efficiency and trustworthiness, and promoting innovation and improvement through KM strategies. Furthermore, this review suggests that the application of blockchain, fintech and KM has the potential to create new markets and opportunities in the tourism and hospitality industry. This study provides insights into the state and implementation of technology-based and knowledge-based for tourism and hospitality in times of crisis and digitization era. Shifting to new lens (refers to sociotechnical theory), from technology adoption strategy, it is important to stay updated with emerging technologies such as BCT and fintech and upcoming technologies trends must align with tourism and hospitality business objectives, customer expectations and market demands. From the socio-dimension, KM is not confined to technological tools alone. Instead, it is a strategic approach that emphasizes fostering a culture of open communication, collaboration and knowledge sharing within the team of tourism and hospitality industry. Through a literature review approach, this study establishes a new foundation in tourism and hospitality such as analyzing research gaps, understanding benefits and challenges, supporting methodologies/theoretical frameworks and informing the future research opportunities. Additionally, a novel contribution is the inclusion of sociotechnical approach that is allocated into socio or knowledge resources perspective (knowledge management), and technical or technology perspective (blockchain and fintech) that drives tourism and hospitality innovation.Digital transformation in tourism and hospitality industry: a literature review of blockchain, financial technology, and knowledge management
Silvia Ratna, Saide Saide, Afifah Mesha Putri, Richardus Eko Indrajit, Didi Muwardi
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to provide a new overview and opportunities of blockchain (BCT), financial technology (fintech) and knowledge management (KM) over the past ten years. Its focus is on their potential to drive new value creation and innovation processes within the digital landscape of the tourism and hospitality.

This systematic literature review and sociotechnical approach employs a literature analysis, analyzing and synthesizing 62 relevant articles published in the past decade form e-databases (Web of Science and Scopus).

This study reveals that researchers frequently discuss the potential advantages and challenges of BCT, fintech and KM in this industry. These include establishing systems that prioritize transparency and traceability, addressing blockchain security concerns, enhancing financial transaction efficiency and trustworthiness, and promoting innovation and improvement through KM strategies. Furthermore, this review suggests that the application of blockchain, fintech and KM has the potential to create new markets and opportunities in the tourism and hospitality industry. This study provides insights into the state and implementation of technology-based and knowledge-based for tourism and hospitality in times of crisis and digitization era.

Shifting to new lens (refers to sociotechnical theory), from technology adoption strategy, it is important to stay updated with emerging technologies such as BCT and fintech and upcoming technologies trends must align with tourism and hospitality business objectives, customer expectations and market demands. From the socio-dimension, KM is not confined to technological tools alone. Instead, it is a strategic approach that emphasizes fostering a culture of open communication, collaboration and knowledge sharing within the team of tourism and hospitality industry.

Through a literature review approach, this study establishes a new foundation in tourism and hospitality such as analyzing research gaps, understanding benefits and challenges, supporting methodologies/theoretical frameworks and informing the future research opportunities. Additionally, a novel contribution is the inclusion of sociotechnical approach that is allocated into socio or knowledge resources perspective (knowledge management), and technical or technology perspective (blockchain and fintech) that drives tourism and hospitality innovation.

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Digital transformation in tourism and hospitality industry: a literature review of blockchain, financial technology, and knowledge management10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0118EuroMed Journal of Business2023-11-27© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedSilvia RatnaSaide SaideAfifah Mesha PutriRichardus Eko IndrajitDidi MuwardiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-2710.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0118https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0118/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Accounting conservatism, timeliness and interactions in the Scandinavian stock marketshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0119/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to examine within a unified framework the timeliness and conservatism of accounting disclosure accommodating the transmission of news among the Scandinavian stock markets. To this end the authors have used an augmented ordinary least squares (OLS) approach and univariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic and vector autoregressive (VAR) modeling. The sample covers the period from 1987 to 2020, totaling 1452 observations. The sample was collected from the datastream database. The empirical results of this study are consistent with previous findings and provide evidence that accounting reporting is timely and conservative while news is transmitted amongst the Scandinavian stock markets. The findings could be important for investors, firms and regulators since failure of considering information that is derived from more advanced approaches could result in lower quality of annual reports of companies. The authors examined the relationship between earnings yield and conditional risk using an augmented OLS model and the transmission of news among Scandinavian stock markets using a VAR model.Accounting conservatism, timeliness and interactions in the Scandinavian stock markets
Maria I. Kyriakou, Athanasios Koulakiotis, Vassilios Babalos
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to examine within a unified framework the timeliness and conservatism of accounting disclosure accommodating the transmission of news among the Scandinavian stock markets.

To this end the authors have used an augmented ordinary least squares (OLS) approach and univariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic and vector autoregressive (VAR) modeling. The sample covers the period from 1987 to 2020, totaling 1452 observations. The sample was collected from the datastream database.

The empirical results of this study are consistent with previous findings and provide evidence that accounting reporting is timely and conservative while news is transmitted amongst the Scandinavian stock markets.

The findings could be important for investors, firms and regulators since failure of considering information that is derived from more advanced approaches could result in lower quality of annual reports of companies.

The authors examined the relationship between earnings yield and conditional risk using an augmented OLS model and the transmission of news among Scandinavian stock markets using a VAR model.

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Accounting conservatism, timeliness and interactions in the Scandinavian stock markets10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0119EuroMed Journal of Business2024-01-01© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedMaria I. KyriakouAthanasios KoulakiotisVassilios BabalosEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-0110.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0119https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0119/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Factors affecting the adoption of cryptocurrencies for financial transactionshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0121/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study contributes to examining the factors that drive the adoption of cryptocurrencies for financial transactions in the tourism and hospitality industries. This is crucial to develop tourism and hospitality and stimulate financial inclusion in developing and developed countries. This research paper employs the SEM model and bootstrapping method on a sample of 417 French participants involved in tourism and hospitality industries to reveal the causal pathway between a set of independent factors and the willingness to adopt cryptocurrencies for financial transactions. The empirical findings reveal that ease of use, perceived usefulness, social influence, and financial literacy increase the willingness to use cryptocurrencies. French hotels need to have a strategic orientation, to deal with customers, competitors and changing technological environment. The study also reveals that social influence and financial literacy reduce the level of perceived financial risk and thus, leads to increase the intention to adopt the new type of decentralized currencies. In contrast to previous studies that focused on the volatility and risk of cryptocurrencies, this research employs a human-centric approach covering different factors that could lead to the adoption of the new type of currency for financial transactions in tourism and hospitality industries.Factors affecting the adoption of cryptocurrencies for financial transactions
Hani El Chaarani, Zouhour EL Abiad, Sam El Nemar, Georgia Sakka
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study contributes to examining the factors that drive the adoption of cryptocurrencies for financial transactions in the tourism and hospitality industries. This is crucial to develop tourism and hospitality and stimulate financial inclusion in developing and developed countries.

This research paper employs the SEM model and bootstrapping method on a sample of 417 French participants involved in tourism and hospitality industries to reveal the causal pathway between a set of independent factors and the willingness to adopt cryptocurrencies for financial transactions.

The empirical findings reveal that ease of use, perceived usefulness, social influence, and financial literacy increase the willingness to use cryptocurrencies. French hotels need to have a strategic orientation, to deal with customers, competitors and changing technological environment. The study also reveals that social influence and financial literacy reduce the level of perceived financial risk and thus, leads to increase the intention to adopt the new type of decentralized currencies.

In contrast to previous studies that focused on the volatility and risk of cryptocurrencies, this research employs a human-centric approach covering different factors that could lead to the adoption of the new type of currency for financial transactions in tourism and hospitality industries.

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Factors affecting the adoption of cryptocurrencies for financial transactions10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0121EuroMed Journal of Business2023-07-14© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedHani El ChaaraniZouhour EL AbiadSam El NemarGeorgia SakkaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-07-1410.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0121https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0121/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Entrepreneurship and self-service technologies as a driver of customer loyalty to the retailer during the COVID-19 pandemichttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0122/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research aims (i) to assess the level of customer satisfaction and loyalty to self-service technologies and Auchan Retail Portugal, (ii) to identify the determinants of customer satisfaction and loyalty to these technologies and also, (iii) to identify their influence on customer loyalty to this modern distribution retailer operating in Portugal. A conceptual model was defined to meet the research objectives and to carry out the quantitative analysis applied to the random sample (n = 483) of customers. The data used where gathered via an online questionnaire survey, which covered all dimensions of the conceptual model, applied in 2021 in Portugal. To validate the hypotheses, Cronbach’s alpha and multiple linear regression models were used. The results reveal that customer satisfaction with self-service technologies has a direct and positive effect on customer loyalty to Auchan Retail Portugal. Furthermore, results reveal that the technology utility factors significantly influence the customer technology experience which has an impact on perceived service quality and perceived risk. The findings of this research provide data on how to improve customer adoption and satisfaction with self-service technology and highlight that these technologies should be part of firm’s competitive strategy. This study presents itself as a novelty for science, while granting important contributions to the retailer. It presents an innovative conceptual model that delivers to Auchan the basis for it to move toward smart retail technologies, aiming at the market trend of personalization. For future research, this study can be used as an instrument to evaluate the customer experience with self-service technology and to examine the determinants and effects of self-service technology separately.Entrepreneurship and self-service technologies as a driver of customer loyalty to the retailer during the COVID-19 pandemic
Filipa Freitas Alves, Cláudia Miranda Veloso, Elisabete Gomes Santana Félix, Bruno Barbosa Sousa, Marco Valeri
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research aims (i) to assess the level of customer satisfaction and loyalty to self-service technologies and Auchan Retail Portugal, (ii) to identify the determinants of customer satisfaction and loyalty to these technologies and also, (iii) to identify their influence on customer loyalty to this modern distribution retailer operating in Portugal.

A conceptual model was defined to meet the research objectives and to carry out the quantitative analysis applied to the random sample (n = 483) of customers. The data used where gathered via an online questionnaire survey, which covered all dimensions of the conceptual model, applied in 2021 in Portugal. To validate the hypotheses, Cronbach’s alpha and multiple linear regression models were used.

The results reveal that customer satisfaction with self-service technologies has a direct and positive effect on customer loyalty to Auchan Retail Portugal. Furthermore, results reveal that the technology utility factors significantly influence the customer technology experience which has an impact on perceived service quality and perceived risk. The findings of this research provide data on how to improve customer adoption and satisfaction with self-service technology and highlight that these technologies should be part of firm’s competitive strategy.

This study presents itself as a novelty for science, while granting important contributions to the retailer. It presents an innovative conceptual model that delivers to Auchan the basis for it to move toward smart retail technologies, aiming at the market trend of personalization. For future research, this study can be used as an instrument to evaluate the customer experience with self-service technology and to examine the determinants and effects of self-service technology separately.

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Entrepreneurship and self-service technologies as a driver of customer loyalty to the retailer during the COVID-19 pandemic10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0122EuroMed Journal of Business2023-11-30© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedFilipa Freitas AlvesCláudia Miranda VelosoElisabete Gomes Santana FélixBruno Barbosa SousaMarco ValeriEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-3010.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0122https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0122/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Consumers' attitudes on downscale extensions of a luxury automotive brandhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0127/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to understand how consumers evaluate downscale vertical line extensions of a prestige/luxury original equipment manufacturer (OEM) in the European automotive market. The authors investigate the moderator effects of innovativeness and the need-for-status traits on the relationships between consumers' extension perceived fit (EPF), extension attitude (EA) and extension perceived value (EPV). Experimental design with quantitative analyses based on a sample of 419 participants. Participants were randomly assigned to two treatments: low-fit and high-fit extension simulations. The purchase intention of the downscale vertical extension of a luxury OEM brand is directly influenced by EPV and indirectly influenced by consumer EA and EPF with the parent brand. Findings also suggest that parent brand equity is transferable to extensions that present closeness and consistency with the brand’s heritage. Moreover, the need for status strengthens the relationship between the EPF and the extension perceived social value (EPSV). The authors developed a realistic simulation of a downscale model of a well-known prestige/luxury car brand. The authors test the influence of innovativeness and need-for-status personal traits on consumer extension acceptance.Consumers' attitudes on downscale extensions of a luxury automotive brand
Gabriel Pedrosa, Helena Nobre, Ana Sousa
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to understand how consumers evaluate downscale vertical line extensions of a prestige/luxury original equipment manufacturer (OEM) in the European automotive market. The authors investigate the moderator effects of innovativeness and the need-for-status traits on the relationships between consumers' extension perceived fit (EPF), extension attitude (EA) and extension perceived value (EPV).

Experimental design with quantitative analyses based on a sample of 419 participants. Participants were randomly assigned to two treatments: low-fit and high-fit extension simulations.

The purchase intention of the downscale vertical extension of a luxury OEM brand is directly influenced by EPV and indirectly influenced by consumer EA and EPF with the parent brand. Findings also suggest that parent brand equity is transferable to extensions that present closeness and consistency with the brand’s heritage. Moreover, the need for status strengthens the relationship between the EPF and the extension perceived social value (EPSV).

The authors developed a realistic simulation of a downscale model of a well-known prestige/luxury car brand. The authors test the influence of innovativeness and need-for-status personal traits on consumer extension acceptance.

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Consumers' attitudes on downscale extensions of a luxury automotive brand10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0127EuroMed Journal of Business2024-01-18© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedGabriel PedrosaHelena NobreAna SousaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-1810.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0127https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0127/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Adoption of blockchain technology in hospitality and tourism industry and sustainability performance: impact of technological turbulence and senior leadership supporthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0128/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe rapid increase of use of online platforms by the customers in the hospitality and tourism industry has invited the needs for using digital platforms by the concerned industry. In such a scenario, the purpose of this study is to examine how adoption of blockchain technology in hospitality and tourism industry could impact the sustainability performance of the organizations under the moderating influence of technological turbulence and senior leadership support. With the help of existing literature, stakeholder theory and dynamic capability view (DCV), a theoretical model is proposed. It was validated using the PLS-SEM technique with 311 respondents who have different managerial positions in the hospitality and tourism industry. The proposed theoretical model is unique and effective as it has high explanatory power. The study demonstrates the importance of adopting BCT in the hospitality and tourism sector and how it could improve the sustainability performance of organizations in that sector. This study also finds that there is a significant moderating impact of technological turbulence and senior leadership support on such organizations that adopt BCT. This study provides valuable inputs to practitioners in the industry by showing how adopting BCT can improve their sustainability performance. The study also demonstrates that leaders and the managers should support adopting BCT in their organizations and they can help to overcome any technological challenges that might come up while adopting it. The present study proposes a unique theoretical model which was also validated using a statistical approach. Moreover, both stakeholder theory and dynamic capability view were integrated to propose the theoretical model, which is a novel attempt so far as adoption of BCT in hospitality and tourism industry is concerned.Adoption of blockchain technology in hospitality and tourism industry and sustainability performance: impact of technological turbulence and senior leadership support
Ranjan Chaudhuri, Sheshadri Chatterjee, Demetris Vrontis
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The rapid increase of use of online platforms by the customers in the hospitality and tourism industry has invited the needs for using digital platforms by the concerned industry. In such a scenario, the purpose of this study is to examine how adoption of blockchain technology in hospitality and tourism industry could impact the sustainability performance of the organizations under the moderating influence of technological turbulence and senior leadership support.

With the help of existing literature, stakeholder theory and dynamic capability view (DCV), a theoretical model is proposed. It was validated using the PLS-SEM technique with 311 respondents who have different managerial positions in the hospitality and tourism industry. The proposed theoretical model is unique and effective as it has high explanatory power.

The study demonstrates the importance of adopting BCT in the hospitality and tourism sector and how it could improve the sustainability performance of organizations in that sector. This study also finds that there is a significant moderating impact of technological turbulence and senior leadership support on such organizations that adopt BCT.

This study provides valuable inputs to practitioners in the industry by showing how adopting BCT can improve their sustainability performance. The study also demonstrates that leaders and the managers should support adopting BCT in their organizations and they can help to overcome any technological challenges that might come up while adopting it.

The present study proposes a unique theoretical model which was also validated using a statistical approach. Moreover, both stakeholder theory and dynamic capability view were integrated to propose the theoretical model, which is a novel attempt so far as adoption of BCT in hospitality and tourism industry is concerned.

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Adoption of blockchain technology in hospitality and tourism industry and sustainability performance: impact of technological turbulence and senior leadership support10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0128EuroMed Journal of Business2023-08-30© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedRanjan ChaudhuriSheshadri ChatterjeeDemetris VrontisEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-3010.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0128https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0128/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Determinants factors of the performance of metallurgical companies in Northern Portugal: new evidence using panel datahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-05-2022-0099/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe main goal of this paper is to study the specific characteristics of the performance of companies in the metallurgical sector, in the northern region of Portugal. To achieve this aim, the authors have used data from 325 companies manufacturing metal products, except machinery and equipment (CAE Rev.3 25) and 27 companies that manufacture machinery and equipment (CAE Rev. 3 28). The models were estimated by using the panel data methodology for the period between 2011 and 2019. Specifically, the estimation method of the generalized method of moments system (GMM system) proposed by Arellano and Bover (1995) and Blundell and Bond (1998) was used. The results show that the main decisions on the performance of metallurgical companies in Northern Portugal depend on the dimensions of sales in the domestic market (SDM), sales in the community market (SCM), and sales in the foreign market (SFM) and also highlight that the signal and significance of the specific variables depends on how the different stakeholders understand performance. As far as the authors know, this is the first study to comparatively analyze the two metallurgical databases in Portugal. Despite the huge difference in the size of the sample, this study’s results show that in an era of paradigm shift about what business objectives should be, stakeholders are still not environmentally aware and the social dimension is only considered by shareholders, but not yet by the manager and the general community.Determinants factors of the performance of metallurgical companies in Northern Portugal: new evidence using panel data
Maria Elisabete Neves, Paulo Castanheira, António Dias, Rui Silva, Beatriz Cancela
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The main goal of this paper is to study the specific characteristics of the performance of companies in the metallurgical sector, in the northern region of Portugal.

To achieve this aim, the authors have used data from 325 companies manufacturing metal products, except machinery and equipment (CAE Rev.3 25) and 27 companies that manufacture machinery and equipment (CAE Rev. 3 28). The models were estimated by using the panel data methodology for the period between 2011 and 2019. Specifically, the estimation method of the generalized method of moments system (GMM system) proposed by Arellano and Bover (1995) and Blundell and Bond (1998) was used.

The results show that the main decisions on the performance of metallurgical companies in Northern Portugal depend on the dimensions of sales in the domestic market (SDM), sales in the community market (SCM), and sales in the foreign market (SFM) and also highlight that the signal and significance of the specific variables depends on how the different stakeholders understand performance.

As far as the authors know, this is the first study to comparatively analyze the two metallurgical databases in Portugal. Despite the huge difference in the size of the sample, this study’s results show that in an era of paradigm shift about what business objectives should be, stakeholders are still not environmentally aware and the social dimension is only considered by shareholders, but not yet by the manager and the general community.

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Determinants factors of the performance of metallurgical companies in Northern Portugal: new evidence using panel data10.1108/EMJB-05-2022-0099EuroMed Journal of Business2022-11-15© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMaria Elisabete NevesPaulo CastanheiraAntónio DiasRui SilvaBeatriz CancelaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-11-1510.1108/EMJB-05-2022-0099https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-05-2022-0099/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Toward an integrated model for the antecedents and consequences of AIS usage at the organizational levelhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-05-2022-0100/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to test the antecedent factors that directly influence accounting information systems (AIS) usage, which, in turn, affects net benefits of AIS usage, drawing upon the technology acceptance model (TAM) in the context of Jordan. To test the suggested research model, an online questionnaire was employed to collect data from 213 owners in Jordanian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The data were analyzed utilizing bootstrapped procedure by the partial least Squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Out of ten postulated hypotheses, eight were accepted. Mainly, the empirical outcomes confirm the suggested hypotheses that the perceived usefulness (PUS) of AIS is positively and significantly impacted by perceived convenience (PCN) and perceived ease of use (PEU). Besides, the outcomes confirm that AIS usage is significantly influenced by PUS, PEU and perceived compatibility (PCM). Finally, the net benefits of AIS are positively influenced by AIS usage and information technology (IT) knowledge, whereby it was revealed that IT knowledge has a direct and indirect effect. This study addresses a vital research gap in the literature by suggesting a comprehensive research model that can help garner enhanced usage of an AIS to obtain a better achievement among Jordanian SMEs performance.Toward an integrated model for the antecedents and consequences of AIS usage at the organizational level
Manaf Al-Okaily
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to test the antecedent factors that directly influence accounting information systems (AIS) usage, which, in turn, affects net benefits of AIS usage, drawing upon the technology acceptance model (TAM) in the context of Jordan.

To test the suggested research model, an online questionnaire was employed to collect data from 213 owners in Jordanian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The data were analyzed utilizing bootstrapped procedure by the partial least Squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

Out of ten postulated hypotheses, eight were accepted. Mainly, the empirical outcomes confirm the suggested hypotheses that the perceived usefulness (PUS) of AIS is positively and significantly impacted by perceived convenience (PCN) and perceived ease of use (PEU). Besides, the outcomes confirm that AIS usage is significantly influenced by PUS, PEU and perceived compatibility (PCM). Finally, the net benefits of AIS are positively influenced by AIS usage and information technology (IT) knowledge, whereby it was revealed that IT knowledge has a direct and indirect effect.

This study addresses a vital research gap in the literature by suggesting a comprehensive research model that can help garner enhanced usage of an AIS to obtain a better achievement among Jordanian SMEs performance.

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Toward an integrated model for the antecedents and consequences of AIS usage at the organizational level10.1108/EMJB-05-2022-0100EuroMed Journal of Business2022-11-24© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedManaf Al-OkailyEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-11-2410.1108/EMJB-05-2022-0100https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-05-2022-0100/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Machine and deep learning-based stock price prediction during the COVID-19 pandemic: the case of CAC 40 indexhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-05-2022-0104/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe goal of this study is to investigate the predictive performance of the machine and deep learning methods in predicting the CAC 40 index and its 40 constituent prices of the French stock market during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study objective in forecasting the CAC 40 index is to analyze if the index and the individual prices will preserve the continuous increase they acquired at the beginning of the administration of vaccination and containment measures or if the negative effect of the pandemic will be reflected in the future. The authors apply two machine and deep learning methods (KNN and LSTM) and compare their performances to ARIMA time series model. Two scenarios have been considered: optimistic (high values) and pessimistic (low values) and four periods are examined: the period before COVID-19 pandemic, the period during the COVID-19, and the period of vaccination and containment. The last period is divided into two sub-periods: the test period and the prediction period. The authors found that the KNN method performed better than LSTM and ARIMA in forecasting the CAC 40 index for both scenarios. The authors also identified that the positive effect of vaccination and containment outweighs the negative effect of the pandemic, and the recovery pattern is not even among major companies in the stock market. The study empirical results have valuable practical implications for companies in the stock market to respond to unexpected events such as COVID-19, improve operational efficiency and enhance long-term competitiveness. Companies in the transportation sector should consider additional investment in R&D on communication and information technology, accelerate their digital capabilities, at least in some parts of their businesses, develop plans for lights out factories and supply chains to keep pace with changing times, and even include big data resources. Additionally, they should also use a mix of financing sources and securities in order to diversify their capital structure, and not rely only on equity financing as their share prices are volatile and below the pre-pandemic level. Considering portfolio allocation, the transportation sector was severely affected by the pandemic. This displays that transportation equities fail to be a candidate as a good diversifier during the health crisis. However, the diversification would be worth it while including assets related to the banking and industrial sectors. On another strand, the instability of this period induced an informational asymmetry among investors. This pessimistic mood affected the assets' value and created a state of disequilibrium opening up more opportunities to benefit from potential arbitrage profits. The impact of COVID-19 on stock markets is significant and affects investor behavior, who suffered amplified losses in a very short period of time. In this regard, correct and well-informed decision-making by investors and other market participants requires careful analysis and accurate prediction of the stock markets during the pandemic. However, few studies have been conducted in this area, and those studies have either concentrated on some specific stock markets or did not apply the powerful machine learning and deep learning techniques such as LSTM and KNN. To the best of our knowledge, no research has been conducted that used these techniques to assess and forecast the CAC 40 French stock market during the pandemic. This study tries to close this gap in the literature.Machine and deep learning-based stock price prediction during the COVID-19 pandemic: the case of CAC 40 index
Mohamed Lachaab, Abdelwahed Omri
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The goal of this study is to investigate the predictive performance of the machine and deep learning methods in predicting the CAC 40 index and its 40 constituent prices of the French stock market during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study objective in forecasting the CAC 40 index is to analyze if the index and the individual prices will preserve the continuous increase they acquired at the beginning of the administration of vaccination and containment measures or if the negative effect of the pandemic will be reflected in the future.

The authors apply two machine and deep learning methods (KNN and LSTM) and compare their performances to ARIMA time series model. Two scenarios have been considered: optimistic (high values) and pessimistic (low values) and four periods are examined: the period before COVID-19 pandemic, the period during the COVID-19, and the period of vaccination and containment. The last period is divided into two sub-periods: the test period and the prediction period.

The authors found that the KNN method performed better than LSTM and ARIMA in forecasting the CAC 40 index for both scenarios. The authors also identified that the positive effect of vaccination and containment outweighs the negative effect of the pandemic, and the recovery pattern is not even among major companies in the stock market.

The study empirical results have valuable practical implications for companies in the stock market to respond to unexpected events such as COVID-19, improve operational efficiency and enhance long-term competitiveness. Companies in the transportation sector should consider additional investment in R&D on communication and information technology, accelerate their digital capabilities, at least in some parts of their businesses, develop plans for lights out factories and supply chains to keep pace with changing times, and even include big data resources. Additionally, they should also use a mix of financing sources and securities in order to diversify their capital structure, and not rely only on equity financing as their share prices are volatile and below the pre-pandemic level. Considering portfolio allocation, the transportation sector was severely affected by the pandemic. This displays that transportation equities fail to be a candidate as a good diversifier during the health crisis. However, the diversification would be worth it while including assets related to the banking and industrial sectors. On another strand, the instability of this period induced an informational asymmetry among investors. This pessimistic mood affected the assets' value and created a state of disequilibrium opening up more opportunities to benefit from potential arbitrage profits.

The impact of COVID-19 on stock markets is significant and affects investor behavior, who suffered amplified losses in a very short period of time. In this regard, correct and well-informed decision-making by investors and other market participants requires careful analysis and accurate prediction of the stock markets during the pandemic. However, few studies have been conducted in this area, and those studies have either concentrated on some specific stock markets or did not apply the powerful machine learning and deep learning techniques such as LSTM and KNN. To the best of our knowledge, no research has been conducted that used these techniques to assess and forecast the CAC 40 French stock market during the pandemic. This study tries to close this gap in the literature.

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Machine and deep learning-based stock price prediction during the COVID-19 pandemic: the case of CAC 40 index10.1108/EMJB-05-2022-0104EuroMed Journal of Business2023-02-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedMohamed LachaabAbdelwahed OmriEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-2810.1108/EMJB-05-2022-0104https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-05-2022-0104/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Generation Z's attitudes toward virtual tourism: the impact of implicit and explicit attitudeshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-05-2023-0135/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe aim of this study is to evaluate the implicit and explicit attitudes of Generation Z (Gen Z) individuals toward the experience of visiting and getting to know traditional or virtual museums. Two studies were conducted. The first study assesses the implicit attitudes of Gen Z individuals through Implicit Association Tests (IAT) toward the experience of visiting traditional versus virtual museums. Considering the results of the study one, the second study proposes and validates a conceptual model through PLS-SEM approach about the explicit attitudes of this generation toward virtual museums. In the first study, it was found that virtual museums are more successful at engaging and immersing participants than traditional museums for Gen Z. The second study emphasized the significance of meeting Gen Z expectations and ensuring effortless access to information in virtual experiences as this can lead to increased satisfaction and inspiration among this generation. The originality of this study lies in its focus on Gen Z's attitudes toward virtual museums and the use of both implicit and explicit attitude measures to gain a comprehensive understanding of these attitudes. An interesting aspect emerges from the implicit attitudes displayed by Gen Z, indicating their preference for virtual museums as more captivating compared to traditional ones.Generation Z's attitudes toward virtual tourism: the impact of implicit and explicit attitudes
Paula Rodrigues, Ana Sousa, Ana Pinto Borges
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The aim of this study is to evaluate the implicit and explicit attitudes of Generation Z (Gen Z) individuals toward the experience of visiting and getting to know traditional or virtual museums.

Two studies were conducted. The first study assesses the implicit attitudes of Gen Z individuals through Implicit Association Tests (IAT) toward the experience of visiting traditional versus virtual museums. Considering the results of the study one, the second study proposes and validates a conceptual model through PLS-SEM approach about the explicit attitudes of this generation toward virtual museums.

In the first study, it was found that virtual museums are more successful at engaging and immersing participants than traditional museums for Gen Z. The second study emphasized the significance of meeting Gen Z expectations and ensuring effortless access to information in virtual experiences as this can lead to increased satisfaction and inspiration among this generation.

The originality of this study lies in its focus on Gen Z's attitudes toward virtual museums and the use of both implicit and explicit attitude measures to gain a comprehensive understanding of these attitudes. An interesting aspect emerges from the implicit attitudes displayed by Gen Z, indicating their preference for virtual museums as more captivating compared to traditional ones.

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Generation Z's attitudes toward virtual tourism: the impact of implicit and explicit attitudes10.1108/EMJB-05-2023-0135EuroMed Journal of Business2023-09-14© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedPaula RodriguesAna SousaAna Pinto BorgesEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-09-1410.1108/EMJB-05-2023-0135https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-05-2023-0135/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
ESG performance and disclosure quality: does a well-balanced board of directors matter when impression management occurs?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-05-2023-0140/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper explores how the disclosure quality, measured by the abnormal tone of environmental and social report, may determine the environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) performance of the firm. This study also investigates the impact of the moderator “board of directors” to explore the extent to which a well-balanced board of directors may affect this association within an impression management strategy. This work uses a sample of 616 firm-year observations using a sample of French firms indexed on SBF120 index from 2010 to 2017. To test the developed hypotheses, the GLS regression is applied and to control for endogeneity issue and sample selection bias, the authors used, respectively, the two stage least square (2SLS) procedure and the Heckman model. Findings suggest that a well-balanced board of directors moderates the relationship between the ESG performance and the disclosure quality. The positive effect of abnormal tone management on ESG is weakened by the presence of a good structure of the board, attenuating impression management initiatives. The research provides evidence of the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting quality, in particular disclosure tone management, on the level of ESG performance in the French context. As the board of directors may have a major impact on weakening impression management strategies in particular tone management practices, in order to improve CSR report quality, the authors recommend French companies to ensure a well-balanced board of directors. This study helps investors to comprehensively evaluate the information disclosed on CSR reports. It unveils that a strong board composition induces better quality of CSR report and brings better ESG performance. Thus, the study results point to the importance of a well-balanced board of directors and the regulation of the narrative disclosure of CSR information.ESG performance and disclosure quality: does a well-balanced board of directors matter when impression management occurs?
Sourour Hamza, Anis Jarboui
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper explores how the disclosure quality, measured by the abnormal tone of environmental and social report, may determine the environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) performance of the firm. This study also investigates the impact of the moderator “board of directors” to explore the extent to which a well-balanced board of directors may affect this association within an impression management strategy.

This work uses a sample of 616 firm-year observations using a sample of French firms indexed on SBF120 index from 2010 to 2017. To test the developed hypotheses, the GLS regression is applied and to control for endogeneity issue and sample selection bias, the authors used, respectively, the two stage least square (2SLS) procedure and the Heckman model.

Findings suggest that a well-balanced board of directors moderates the relationship between the ESG performance and the disclosure quality. The positive effect of abnormal tone management on ESG is weakened by the presence of a good structure of the board, attenuating impression management initiatives.

The research provides evidence of the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting quality, in particular disclosure tone management, on the level of ESG performance in the French context. As the board of directors may have a major impact on weakening impression management strategies in particular tone management practices, in order to improve CSR report quality, the authors recommend French companies to ensure a well-balanced board of directors.

This study helps investors to comprehensively evaluate the information disclosed on CSR reports. It unveils that a strong board composition induces better quality of CSR report and brings better ESG performance. Thus, the study results point to the importance of a well-balanced board of directors and the regulation of the narrative disclosure of CSR information.

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ESG performance and disclosure quality: does a well-balanced board of directors matter when impression management occurs?10.1108/EMJB-05-2023-0140EuroMed Journal of Business2024-03-15© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedSourour HamzaAnis JarbouiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-1510.1108/EMJB-05-2023-0140https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-05-2023-0140/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Creativity and digital strategies to support food cultural heritage in Mediterranean rural areashttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-05-2023-0152/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to address the challenges faced by rural areas and promote their sustainable development. It emphasizes the importance of re-establishing connections and cultivating a sense of belonging within rural communities, while safeguarding their cultural heritage. The study explores the potential of digital and creative tools in enhancing learning, supporting food production and tourism, facilitating research and providing engaging experiences. It also examines the economic condition of rural areas and the potential for their contribution to the national economy. Additionally, the study highlights the significance of sustainable community development, the role of rural areas in resilience and climate change adaptation and the complexities surrounding rural migration. The aim is to provide insights and recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders involved in rural development initiatives, focusing on the Mediterranean region. This study develops an understanding of the role of digital and creative strategies in rural communities, highlighting their significance in preserving food heritage, culture and community capital while driving economic development. It specifically focuses on the Unesco Intangible Mediterranean Diet (UIMD) as a potential catalyst for regeneration through the integration of creative and digital tools and three cases are presented. The first is the impact of the Future Food Institute (FFI) ecosystem in the Living Lab in Pollica (Salerno, Italy); the second focuses on the digital tools provided by the CKF to support rural areas; and the third is a new identity and promotion of territorial development, co-designed in the Val di Vara (VdV) a rural region of the Ligurian inland in Italy, through digital strategies, heritage preservation and slow tourism development. The three cases highlight different ways of enhancing environmental and cultural heritage and demonstrate how collaborative creativity and digital tools contribute to the co-construction of knowledge and addressing critical issues to promote sustainable growth in rural areas. The findings of this study indicate that re-establishing connections and fostering a sense of belonging within rural communities is crucial for their sustainable development. The use of digital and creative tools presents significant opportunities in enhancing various aspects such as learning, food production, tourism and research in rural areas. The study also reveals the potential economic contributions of rural areas to the national economy. It emphasizes the importance of sustainable community development and highlights the role of rural areas in resilience and climate change adaptation. Additionally, the study addresses the complexities surrounding rural migration and emphasizes the need for comprehensive policies to ensure the well-being and rights of migrant workers. The insights and recommendations provided in this study aim to guide policymakers and stakeholders involved in rural development initiatives, particularly in the Mediterranean region. Nonetheless, it is imperative to acknowledge certain limitations within the scope of this study, primarily associated with the specific sample selection, potentially influencing the broader applicability of the findings. There is potential to explore a wider geographic area in future research. Additionally, the research underscores the importance of conducting further inquiries into certain aspects that have received limited attention. Living labs are a relatively recent phenomenon, warranting further in-depth scientific research. Additionally, the existing literature on this subject is often limited in scope. The study and project aim to illustrate the feasibility of initiating a transformative process, centered on a visionary approach with a core focus on creative knowledge and the Mediterranean diet as a way of life, to revitalize marginalized communities. Furthermore, it seeks to emphasize that these neglected regions possess untapped potential for innovative ideas and opportunities. Rural communities, in their role as farmers of primary goods, are the ones who nurture the environment, and the landscape, and are the true protagonists of every era. Rurality is the place that preserves the most resources and potential in terms of biodiversity and rural knowledge. Every territory, like every human being, has its own characteristics and vocations to pursue. The existing Genius Loci is already an existing value that requires policies and governance to rediscover roots, identity and worth. The stratification of existing collective intelligence must become central and must be individually assessed and enhanced, also taking advantage of new digital technologies. The social implications of this study are significant. By emphasizing the importance of re-establishing connections and cultivating a sense of belonging within rural communities, the study recognizes the social value of strong community ties. This can lead to increased social cohesion, a sense of identity and improved overall well-being within rural areas. The study also highlights the potential of digital and creative tools in enhancing learning, which can contribute to the empowerment and educational opportunities of individuals in rural communities. Furthermore, by promoting sustainable community development and addressing the complexities surrounding rural migration, the study acknowledges the social impact of inclusive policies that protect the rights and well-being of both local populations and migrant workers. Overall, the study's recommendations have the potential to foster social resilience, equity and a more vibrant social fabric within rural areas. This study can offer valuable insights and recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders involved in rural development initiatives, particularly those focused on preserving food and cultural heritage in rural areas. By analyzing real-life examples, it bridges the gap between theory and practice, illustrating how these ideas have been effectively applied in specific contexts. This paper emphasizes the potential of the Mediterranean Diet as a sustainable and nutritious model with sociocultural, health, economic and environmental benefits, highlighting the importance of bottom-up approaches that empower local communities as custodians of knowledge and culture. It also provides practical strategies, such as investments in educational programs, the establishment of international campuses and the use of multichannel platforms for immersive experiences, which can be adapted for broader rural development initiatives, promoting sustainability and community engagement.Creativity and digital strategies to support food cultural heritage in Mediterranean rural areas
Elisabetta Del Soldato, Sonia Massari
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to address the challenges faced by rural areas and promote their sustainable development. It emphasizes the importance of re-establishing connections and cultivating a sense of belonging within rural communities, while safeguarding their cultural heritage. The study explores the potential of digital and creative tools in enhancing learning, supporting food production and tourism, facilitating research and providing engaging experiences. It also examines the economic condition of rural areas and the potential for their contribution to the national economy. Additionally, the study highlights the significance of sustainable community development, the role of rural areas in resilience and climate change adaptation and the complexities surrounding rural migration. The aim is to provide insights and recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders involved in rural development initiatives, focusing on the Mediterranean region.

This study develops an understanding of the role of digital and creative strategies in rural communities, highlighting their significance in preserving food heritage, culture and community capital while driving economic development. It specifically focuses on the Unesco Intangible Mediterranean Diet (UIMD) as a potential catalyst for regeneration through the integration of creative and digital tools and three cases are presented. The first is the impact of the Future Food Institute (FFI) ecosystem in the Living Lab in Pollica (Salerno, Italy); the second focuses on the digital tools provided by the CKF to support rural areas; and the third is a new identity and promotion of territorial development, co-designed in the Val di Vara (VdV) a rural region of the Ligurian inland in Italy, through digital strategies, heritage preservation and slow tourism development. The three cases highlight different ways of enhancing environmental and cultural heritage and demonstrate how collaborative creativity and digital tools contribute to the co-construction of knowledge and addressing critical issues to promote sustainable growth in rural areas.

The findings of this study indicate that re-establishing connections and fostering a sense of belonging within rural communities is crucial for their sustainable development. The use of digital and creative tools presents significant opportunities in enhancing various aspects such as learning, food production, tourism and research in rural areas. The study also reveals the potential economic contributions of rural areas to the national economy. It emphasizes the importance of sustainable community development and highlights the role of rural areas in resilience and climate change adaptation. Additionally, the study addresses the complexities surrounding rural migration and emphasizes the need for comprehensive policies to ensure the well-being and rights of migrant workers. The insights and recommendations provided in this study aim to guide policymakers and stakeholders involved in rural development initiatives, particularly in the Mediterranean region.

Nonetheless, it is imperative to acknowledge certain limitations within the scope of this study, primarily associated with the specific sample selection, potentially influencing the broader applicability of the findings. There is potential to explore a wider geographic area in future research. Additionally, the research underscores the importance of conducting further inquiries into certain aspects that have received limited attention. Living labs are a relatively recent phenomenon, warranting further in-depth scientific research. Additionally, the existing literature on this subject is often limited in scope.

The study and project aim to illustrate the feasibility of initiating a transformative process, centered on a visionary approach with a core focus on creative knowledge and the Mediterranean diet as a way of life, to revitalize marginalized communities. Furthermore, it seeks to emphasize that these neglected regions possess untapped potential for innovative ideas and opportunities. Rural communities, in their role as farmers of primary goods, are the ones who nurture the environment, and the landscape, and are the true protagonists of every era. Rurality is the place that preserves the most resources and potential in terms of biodiversity and rural knowledge. Every territory, like every human being, has its own characteristics and vocations to pursue. The existing Genius Loci is already an existing value that requires policies and governance to rediscover roots, identity and worth. The stratification of existing collective intelligence must become central and must be individually assessed and enhanced, also taking advantage of new digital technologies.

The social implications of this study are significant. By emphasizing the importance of re-establishing connections and cultivating a sense of belonging within rural communities, the study recognizes the social value of strong community ties. This can lead to increased social cohesion, a sense of identity and improved overall well-being within rural areas. The study also highlights the potential of digital and creative tools in enhancing learning, which can contribute to the empowerment and educational opportunities of individuals in rural communities. Furthermore, by promoting sustainable community development and addressing the complexities surrounding rural migration, the study acknowledges the social impact of inclusive policies that protect the rights and well-being of both local populations and migrant workers. Overall, the study's recommendations have the potential to foster social resilience, equity and a more vibrant social fabric within rural areas.

This study can offer valuable insights and recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders involved in rural development initiatives, particularly those focused on preserving food and cultural heritage in rural areas. By analyzing real-life examples, it bridges the gap between theory and practice, illustrating how these ideas have been effectively applied in specific contexts. This paper emphasizes the potential of the Mediterranean Diet as a sustainable and nutritious model with sociocultural, health, economic and environmental benefits, highlighting the importance of bottom-up approaches that empower local communities as custodians of knowledge and culture. It also provides practical strategies, such as investments in educational programs, the establishment of international campuses and the use of multichannel platforms for immersive experiences, which can be adapted for broader rural development initiatives, promoting sustainability and community engagement.

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Creativity and digital strategies to support food cultural heritage in Mediterranean rural areas10.1108/EMJB-05-2023-0152EuroMed Journal of Business2024-03-12© 2024 Elisabetta Del Soldato and Sonia MassariElisabetta Del SoldatoSonia MassariEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-1210.1108/EMJB-05-2023-0152https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-05-2023-0152/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Elisabetta Del Soldato and Sonia Massarihttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
The effect of life cycle stages on capital expenditures: evidence from an emerging markethttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-06-2022-0115/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of the article is to examine the effect of life cycle stages on capital expenditures, using Borsa Istanbul-listed companies. The panel data estimation procedure was used as the primary method to test the hypothesis. The authors used four additional analyses to check the robustness of the results. The model was tested for endogeneity using the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation. Quantile regression was utilized for the non-parametric test of the model. In the third robustness test, the sample was divided into two using financial constraints with the Size-Age (SA) Index proposed by Hadlock and Pierce (2010). The last analysis removed the global financial crisis (GFC) years from the sample. Borsa Istanbul-listed companies tend to invest less as they move forward in their life cycle stages. The results show that market capitalization, operating cash flow levels and leverage positively affect capital expenditure investments. The empirical evidence also revealed that cash holding levels have a negative effect on capital expenditure decisions. Robustness tests support the results. The findings are potentially useful for investors and managers. Having the information that decreasing capital expenditures signals that the company is in the last stages of its life would be a sign for managers to improve their investment strategies to avoid getting out of business and survive. They need to find options and solutions to propel their companies back on a path of growth. Additionally, the same information could be vital for investors' investment decisions. This paper contributes to the literature by providing evidence about the effect of life cycle stages on capital expenditures from an emerging market. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first paper to investigate empirically how moving forward in the life cycle stages affects capital expenditures in an emerging market.The effect of life cycle stages on capital expenditures: evidence from an emerging market
Gökberk Can, Rezart Demiraj, Hounaida Mersni
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of the article is to examine the effect of life cycle stages on capital expenditures, using Borsa Istanbul-listed companies.

The panel data estimation procedure was used as the primary method to test the hypothesis. The authors used four additional analyses to check the robustness of the results. The model was tested for endogeneity using the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation. Quantile regression was utilized for the non-parametric test of the model. In the third robustness test, the sample was divided into two using financial constraints with the Size-Age (SA) Index proposed by Hadlock and Pierce (2010). The last analysis removed the global financial crisis (GFC) years from the sample.

Borsa Istanbul-listed companies tend to invest less as they move forward in their life cycle stages. The results show that market capitalization, operating cash flow levels and leverage positively affect capital expenditure investments. The empirical evidence also revealed that cash holding levels have a negative effect on capital expenditure decisions. Robustness tests support the results.

The findings are potentially useful for investors and managers. Having the information that decreasing capital expenditures signals that the company is in the last stages of its life would be a sign for managers to improve their investment strategies to avoid getting out of business and survive. They need to find options and solutions to propel their companies back on a path of growth. Additionally, the same information could be vital for investors' investment decisions.

This paper contributes to the literature by providing evidence about the effect of life cycle stages on capital expenditures from an emerging market. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first paper to investigate empirically how moving forward in the life cycle stages affects capital expenditures in an emerging market.

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The effect of life cycle stages on capital expenditures: evidence from an emerging market10.1108/EMJB-06-2022-0115EuroMed Journal of Business2023-03-06© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedGökberk CanRezart DemirajHounaida MersniEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-0610.1108/EMJB-06-2022-0115https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-06-2022-0115/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Benefits of IPSAS and their differences from IFRS: a discussion paperhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-07-2022-0139/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper tries to shed light on the international progress regarding the adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS), to accentuate the benefits resulting from the application of IPSAS, and to highlight the main differences between IPSAS and IFRS. A comprehensive literature review is conducted which focuses on issues concerning the factors that induce the adoption of IPSAS, the obstacles that must be overcome, the degree of IPSAS’ proliferation worldwide, the repercussions from adopting IPSAS, the benefits of IPSAS, and the differences between IPSAS and IFRS. The selection process of the cited articles focuses on journals with high rankings in the ABS list. It is accentuated that IPSAS carry significant benefits regarding the improved quality of the financial information reported by the public sector, the enhancement of transparency and accountability, the upgrading of the decision-making process and the restored trust in public finances. However, there is more work that needs to be done toward the global proliferation of IPSAS. This study provides insights regarding the implementation process of IPSAS, which should be useful to all the parties engaged in the reform of the public administration, such as national governments, local or international regulators, accounting standard setters and institutional organizations. The current study clarifies whether the public sector should move from using the business focused IFRS, as it is frequently the case, to the adoption of IPSAS. In addition, this study comprehensive literature review can be used by academics and researchers as a basis for further research on the issue. More importantly, policymakers and other officials who need to make informed decisions about financial reporting issues at the government level and the public sector in general can benefit from this study.Benefits of IPSAS and their differences from IFRS: a discussion paper
Gerasimos Rompotis, Dimitris Balios
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper tries to shed light on the international progress regarding the adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS), to accentuate the benefits resulting from the application of IPSAS, and to highlight the main differences between IPSAS and IFRS.

A comprehensive literature review is conducted which focuses on issues concerning the factors that induce the adoption of IPSAS, the obstacles that must be overcome, the degree of IPSAS’ proliferation worldwide, the repercussions from adopting IPSAS, the benefits of IPSAS, and the differences between IPSAS and IFRS. The selection process of the cited articles focuses on journals with high rankings in the ABS list.

It is accentuated that IPSAS carry significant benefits regarding the improved quality of the financial information reported by the public sector, the enhancement of transparency and accountability, the upgrading of the decision-making process and the restored trust in public finances. However, there is more work that needs to be done toward the global proliferation of IPSAS.

This study provides insights regarding the implementation process of IPSAS, which should be useful to all the parties engaged in the reform of the public administration, such as national governments, local or international regulators, accounting standard setters and institutional organizations.

The current study clarifies whether the public sector should move from using the business focused IFRS, as it is frequently the case, to the adoption of IPSAS. In addition, this study comprehensive literature review can be used by academics and researchers as a basis for further research on the issue. More importantly, policymakers and other officials who need to make informed decisions about financial reporting issues at the government level and the public sector in general can benefit from this study.

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Benefits of IPSAS and their differences from IFRS: a discussion paper10.1108/EMJB-07-2022-0139EuroMed Journal of Business2023-08-14© 203 Emerald Publishing LimitedGerasimos RompotisDimitris BaliosEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-1410.1108/EMJB-07-2022-0139https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-07-2022-0139/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 203 Emerald Publishing Limited
The role of employer branding and internal marketing in talent attraction and retention: an applied study in a Portuguese metallurgical industryhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-07-2023-0173/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research seeks to understand whether employer branding (EB) and internal marketing (IM) are fundamental to the challenge of attracting and retaining talent and how these strategies can help companies to overcome the difficulties related to the talent shortage, from the perspective of a SME Portuguese metallurgical industry. The research resorts to a case study of a qualitative nature, through a semi-structured interview with the head of the human resources (HR) training and development area of the Navarra Group, and quantitative, through surveys to its employees. Based on the literature, a conceptual model was constructed, whose application allowed us to perceive the relationships between the practices of EB and IM; satisfaction, motivation and commitment; attraction and retention. The exploratory interview concluded that organizations consider EB and IM essential for an effective talent management strategy. The quantitative results demonstrate that IM and EB practices implemented in the organization contribute to the satisfaction, motivation and involvement of employees, which results in a decrease in the intention to leave. It is also noted that these practices promote an increase in the perception of organizational attractiveness, which represents a positive impact on its ability to attract. From a theoretical perspective, the research contributes to the development of knowledge about IM, EB and talent management, providing relevant data that can help define the best strategies for attraction and retention, from the point of view of IM and EB. The research presents preliminary insights that can be an auxiliary tool for HR managers and professionals in the context of industrial SMEs.The role of employer branding and internal marketing in talent attraction and retention: an applied study in a Portuguese metallurgical industry
Catarina Gonçalves Rodrigues, Bruno Barbosa Sousa
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research seeks to understand whether employer branding (EB) and internal marketing (IM) are fundamental to the challenge of attracting and retaining talent and how these strategies can help companies to overcome the difficulties related to the talent shortage, from the perspective of a SME Portuguese metallurgical industry.

The research resorts to a case study of a qualitative nature, through a semi-structured interview with the head of the human resources (HR) training and development area of the Navarra Group, and quantitative, through surveys to its employees. Based on the literature, a conceptual model was constructed, whose application allowed us to perceive the relationships between the practices of EB and IM; satisfaction, motivation and commitment; attraction and retention.

The exploratory interview concluded that organizations consider EB and IM essential for an effective talent management strategy. The quantitative results demonstrate that IM and EB practices implemented in the organization contribute to the satisfaction, motivation and involvement of employees, which results in a decrease in the intention to leave. It is also noted that these practices promote an increase in the perception of organizational attractiveness, which represents a positive impact on its ability to attract.

From a theoretical perspective, the research contributes to the development of knowledge about IM, EB and talent management, providing relevant data that can help define the best strategies for attraction and retention, from the point of view of IM and EB.

The research presents preliminary insights that can be an auxiliary tool for HR managers and professionals in the context of industrial SMEs.

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The role of employer branding and internal marketing in talent attraction and retention: an applied study in a Portuguese metallurgical industry10.1108/EMJB-07-2023-0173EuroMed Journal of Business2024-03-22© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedCatarina Gonçalves RodriguesBruno Barbosa SousaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2210.1108/EMJB-07-2023-0173https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-07-2023-0173/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
The financial performance of Lebanese banks up to the financial crisis: do audit committee characteristics and ownership concentration matter?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-07-2023-0199/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe focus on corporate governance has increased after the financial collapses of several banks worldwide, such as Silicon Valley Bank and First Republic Bank in the USA, and the failure of the Lebanese banking sector. This study examines the impact of audit committee (AC) characteristics on financial performance and investigates the moderating effect of ownership concentration (OC) on the associations between AC characteristics and profitability. The current research is carried out based on 211 Lebanese banks’ annual reports, focusing on the period from 2012 to 2021. The ordinal least squares (OLS) and the hierarchical multiple regression analysis were adopted to test the study’s hypotheses. The outcomes reveal that AC size, AC frequency of meetings, and banks’ size (control variable) positively affect financial performance; however, OC does not moderate the associations between the AC characteristics and banks’ profitability. According to the researcher’s knowledge, no prior study has investigated the moderating effect of OC on these associations. Moreover, the current study contributes to the literature that documented mixed and inconsistent results regarding the direct associations between AC characteristics and financial performance.The financial performance of Lebanese banks up to the financial crisis: do audit committee characteristics and ownership concentration matter?
Rasha Mohammad Nouraldeen
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The focus on corporate governance has increased after the financial collapses of several banks worldwide, such as Silicon Valley Bank and First Republic Bank in the USA, and the failure of the Lebanese banking sector. This study examines the impact of audit committee (AC) characteristics on financial performance and investigates the moderating effect of ownership concentration (OC) on the associations between AC characteristics and profitability.

The current research is carried out based on 211 Lebanese banks’ annual reports, focusing on the period from 2012 to 2021. The ordinal least squares (OLS) and the hierarchical multiple regression analysis were adopted to test the study’s hypotheses.

The outcomes reveal that AC size, AC frequency of meetings, and banks’ size (control variable) positively affect financial performance; however, OC does not moderate the associations between the AC characteristics and banks’ profitability.

According to the researcher’s knowledge, no prior study has investigated the moderating effect of OC on these associations. Moreover, the current study contributes to the literature that documented mixed and inconsistent results regarding the direct associations between AC characteristics and financial performance.

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The financial performance of Lebanese banks up to the financial crisis: do audit committee characteristics and ownership concentration matter?10.1108/EMJB-07-2023-0199EuroMed Journal of Business2024-03-08© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedRasha Mohammad NouraldeenEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-0810.1108/EMJB-07-2023-0199https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-07-2023-0199/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
The quest for an optimal capital structure: an empirical analysis of European firms using GMM regression analysishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-07-2023-0206/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper explores the connection between capital structure and financial performance within European listed firms. The primary objective is to demonstrate an inverse U-shaped relationship between these two variables and pinpoint an optimal debt-equity mix. In this study, we adopt a dynamic modeling approach to investigate the relationship between a firm’s capital structure and financial performance. Drawing on well-established theories and prior empirical studies, our model examines 3,121 dividend-paying firms from 41 European countries over 14 years, from 2008 to 2021. To enhance the reliability of our findings, we employ two distinct estimation techniques: the fixed effect model (FE) and the system generalized method of moments (System-GMM). This study reveals an inverse U-shaped relationship between the firm’s financial performance, measured by the return on equity (ROE) and its capital structure (total liability to total assets ratio). Furthermore, an optimal capital structure of about 29% is determined for all firms in the sample, and about 21%, 28% and 41% industry-specific capital structure for manufacturing, real estate and wholesale trade, respectively. This paper contributes to existing knowledge by empirically determining an optimal capital structure for listed firms across various industries in Europe, which very few studies have attempted to do in the past. An optimal capital structure is an invaluable benchmark for managers and other stakeholders, informing their decision-making.The quest for an optimal capital structure: an empirical analysis of European firms using GMM regression analysis
Rezart Demiraj, Lasha Labadze, Suzan Dsouza, Enida Demiraj, Maya Grigolia
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper explores the connection between capital structure and financial performance within European listed firms. The primary objective is to demonstrate an inverse U-shaped relationship between these two variables and pinpoint an optimal debt-equity mix.

In this study, we adopt a dynamic modeling approach to investigate the relationship between a firm’s capital structure and financial performance. Drawing on well-established theories and prior empirical studies, our model examines 3,121 dividend-paying firms from 41 European countries over 14 years, from 2008 to 2021. To enhance the reliability of our findings, we employ two distinct estimation techniques: the fixed effect model (FE) and the system generalized method of moments (System-GMM).

This study reveals an inverse U-shaped relationship between the firm’s financial performance, measured by the return on equity (ROE) and its capital structure (total liability to total assets ratio). Furthermore, an optimal capital structure of about 29% is determined for all firms in the sample, and about 21%, 28% and 41% industry-specific capital structure for manufacturing, real estate and wholesale trade, respectively.

This paper contributes to existing knowledge by empirically determining an optimal capital structure for listed firms across various industries in Europe, which very few studies have attempted to do in the past. An optimal capital structure is an invaluable benchmark for managers and other stakeholders, informing their decision-making.

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The quest for an optimal capital structure: an empirical analysis of European firms using GMM regression analysis10.1108/EMJB-07-2023-0206EuroMed Journal of Business2024-02-15© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedRezart DemirajLasha LabadzeSuzan DsouzaEnida DemirajMaya GrigoliaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1510.1108/EMJB-07-2023-0206https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-07-2023-0206/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Authenticity: shedding light on the branding contexthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2021-0115/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to systematically review authenticity in the branding context and suggest avenues for future research. This study applies a systematic literature review process and analyzes a total of 171 articles published from 1988 to 2021 and three items that are books or book chapters. Brand authenticity has several definitions and dimensions. Although some common ground can be found among researchers, the study of authenticity is very fragmented. Even so, brand authenticity is often associated with a brand being genuine, real, true to itself and its consumers, and with consistent behavior, reflecting its values. A growing number of studies about the topic have been published, most of them empirical, applied in different industries and different geographical contexts. The authors also present several constructs associated with the topic (antecedents and consequences). Finally, this study shows paths for scholars to build on. The main limitations are associated with the inherent subjectivity related to the inclusion and exclusion criteria defined to select articles for the analysis. This systematic review maps the past, structures existing knowledge about authenticity in the branding context, and sheds light on what could be future research in this field.Authenticity: shedding light on the branding context
Filipa Rosado-Pinto, Sandra Maria Correia Loureiro
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to systematically review authenticity in the branding context and suggest avenues for future research.

This study applies a systematic literature review process and analyzes a total of 171 articles published from 1988 to 2021 and three items that are books or book chapters.

Brand authenticity has several definitions and dimensions. Although some common ground can be found among researchers, the study of authenticity is very fragmented. Even so, brand authenticity is often associated with a brand being genuine, real, true to itself and its consumers, and with consistent behavior, reflecting its values. A growing number of studies about the topic have been published, most of them empirical, applied in different industries and different geographical contexts. The authors also present several constructs associated with the topic (antecedents and consequences). Finally, this study shows paths for scholars to build on.

The main limitations are associated with the inherent subjectivity related to the inclusion and exclusion criteria defined to select articles for the analysis.

This systematic review maps the past, structures existing knowledge about authenticity in the branding context, and sheds light on what could be future research in this field.

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Authenticity: shedding light on the branding context10.1108/EMJB-08-2021-0115EuroMed Journal of Business2022-09-14© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedFilipa Rosado-PintoSandra Maria Correia LoureiroEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-1410.1108/EMJB-08-2021-0115https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2021-0115/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The influence of knowledge creation process on customer relations management: evidence from Palestinian commercial bankshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2021-0116/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to examine the influence of knowledge creation (KC) process on customer relations management (CRM) in Palestinian commercial banks, taking into consideration which factors of KC process support the CRM system. The study uses a quantitative research design wherein questionnaires have been used to collect data from 345 respondents in the Palestinian banking sector. Research hypotheses have been tested using multiple regression analysis. The findings unveil that socialisation and combination processes have a positive impact on CRM. In contrast, internalisation process negatively affects CRM system, but outsourcing knowledge does not significantly affect CRM. Past studies empirically validated the success of CRM adaptation in the context of different industries. This study provides a new conceptual model which validates the influence of KC on CRM in the banking sector. It also affirms the integral role of KC in supporting CRM from an emerging country perspective like Palestine. This study offers new insights into creating of knowledge by employees in supporting CRM. It will encourage future scholars to further explore the key dimensions of the KC process for a more detailed investigation at a workplace. This study suggests that banks’ directors and employees should behave in a social manner to support relationship with customers. This study also suggests facilitating knowledge from different resources in innovative ways, through encouraging creative thinking from experiences, using technology in sharing knowledge, focussing on appropriate training to resolve customers' problems and disseminating new knowledge among employees. This study expands the body of knowledge on KC process in supporting CRM from an emerging country perspective. This study validates the influence of KC on CRM in the Palestinian banking sector. This sheds light on the integration of these two concepts.The influence of knowledge creation process on customer relations management: evidence from Palestinian commercial banks
Mohammed Abusharbeh
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of knowledge creation (KC) process on customer relations management (CRM) in Palestinian commercial banks, taking into consideration which factors of KC process support the CRM system.

The study uses a quantitative research design wherein questionnaires have been used to collect data from 345 respondents in the Palestinian banking sector. Research hypotheses have been tested using multiple regression analysis.

The findings unveil that socialisation and combination processes have a positive impact on CRM. In contrast, internalisation process negatively affects CRM system, but outsourcing knowledge does not significantly affect CRM.

Past studies empirically validated the success of CRM adaptation in the context of different industries. This study provides a new conceptual model which validates the influence of KC on CRM in the banking sector. It also affirms the integral role of KC in supporting CRM from an emerging country perspective like Palestine.

This study offers new insights into creating of knowledge by employees in supporting CRM. It will encourage future scholars to further explore the key dimensions of the KC process for a more detailed investigation at a workplace. This study suggests that banks’ directors and employees should behave in a social manner to support relationship with customers. This study also suggests facilitating knowledge from different resources in innovative ways, through encouraging creative thinking from experiences, using technology in sharing knowledge, focussing on appropriate training to resolve customers' problems and disseminating new knowledge among employees.

This study expands the body of knowledge on KC process in supporting CRM from an emerging country perspective. This study validates the influence of KC on CRM in the Palestinian banking sector. This sheds light on the integration of these two concepts.

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The influence of knowledge creation process on customer relations management: evidence from Palestinian commercial banks10.1108/EMJB-08-2021-0116EuroMed Journal of Business2023-01-04© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMohammed AbusharbehEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-01-0410.1108/EMJB-08-2021-0116https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2021-0116/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Vicenarian of workplace incivility: a bibliometric analysis and systematic reviewhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2022-0143/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is twofold: first is to map and analyse prominent contributions, current dynamics, patterns, gaps and research prospects in the field of workplace incivility (WI); second is to provide a coherent theoretical research framework for future research. This study adopts a two-step analysis approach by combining bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review to explore the research topic of WI, besides, using multiple methodologies including bibliometric, network and content analyses. This study found that L. M. Cortina and M. S. Hershcovis are the top two most influential authors among all authors in the sample publications. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology is one of the top-ranking journal that often publishes this topic of articles. USA and The Bowling Green State University are the most influential country and institutions, respectively. Besides, burnout and retention are also common keywords were identified based on keywords co-occurrence map, showing that WI has a major impact on burnout and employee retention. Based on the above analysis, this paper constructed a theoretical research framework of WI. This paper only draw data from one database—Scopus—which cannot provide broad coverage of the research topic. WI research trends and trajectories may be assessed to enable academics and practitioners better understand the current and future trends and research directions. Future studies in this field might use the findings as a starting point to highlight the nature of the topic. This study is the first to use an systematic literature review (SLR) to evaluate the association between WI and other organizational behaviour. The study contributions are fourfold, extending the work and overcoming the methodologies of prior research that only focussed on characteristics of incivility in nursing. In addition, this paper presents an in-depth analysis of this topic and provides a comprehensive theoretical research framework for future study.Vicenarian of workplace incivility: a bibliometric analysis and systematic review
Aditi Gupta, Ranjan Chaudhuri, Apoorva Apoorva, Swati Chaudhary, Alkis Thrassou, Georgia Sakka, Balakrishna Grandhi
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is twofold: first is to map and analyse prominent contributions, current dynamics, patterns, gaps and research prospects in the field of workplace incivility (WI); second is to provide a coherent theoretical research framework for future research.

This study adopts a two-step analysis approach by combining bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review to explore the research topic of WI, besides, using multiple methodologies including bibliometric, network and content analyses.

This study found that L. M. Cortina and M. S. Hershcovis are the top two most influential authors among all authors in the sample publications. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology is one of the top-ranking journal that often publishes this topic of articles. USA and The Bowling Green State University are the most influential country and institutions, respectively. Besides, burnout and retention are also common keywords were identified based on keywords co-occurrence map, showing that WI has a major impact on burnout and employee retention. Based on the above analysis, this paper constructed a theoretical research framework of WI.

This paper only draw data from one database—Scopus—which cannot provide broad coverage of the research topic. WI research trends and trajectories may be assessed to enable academics and practitioners better understand the current and future trends and research directions. Future studies in this field might use the findings as a starting point to highlight the nature of the topic.

This study is the first to use an systematic literature review (SLR) to evaluate the association between WI and other organizational behaviour. The study contributions are fourfold, extending the work and overcoming the methodologies of prior research that only focussed on characteristics of incivility in nursing. In addition, this paper presents an in-depth analysis of this topic and provides a comprehensive theoretical research framework for future study.

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Vicenarian of workplace incivility: a bibliometric analysis and systematic review10.1108/EMJB-08-2022-0143EuroMed Journal of Business2023-08-15© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAditi GuptaRanjan ChaudhuriApoorva ApoorvaSwati ChaudharyAlkis ThrassouGeorgia SakkaBalakrishna GrandhiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-1510.1108/EMJB-08-2022-0143https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2022-0143/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The mediating role of carbon emissions in the relationship between the board attributes and ESG performance: European evidencehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2022-0144/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study seeks to investigate the impact of board attributes on environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance, along with exploring the mediating role of carbon emissions in this relationship. To address this objective, the panel data approach was used to analyze the data were collected from 1,621 European companies from 2017 to 2021. This study shows that board gender diversity, audit committee independence, expertise and board meeting attendance help enhance ESG performance. On the contrary, board size and composition do not affect ESG performance. The findings also showed that board gender diversity, audit committee independence, expertise and board meeting attendance are negatively related to carbon emissions performance. However, board size is related positively to carbon emissions performance. This indicates that the larger boards of directors may have diverse experiences that enhance the environmental performance of companies. Furthermore, the finding showed companies that contribute to lowering carbon emissions are more willing to improve their ESG performance. Also, carbon emissions mediate the relationship between the board's attributes and ESG performance. The study's results have significant implications for firm managers in enhancing the efficiency of board decisions in determining environmental practices that matter to various groups of stakeholders. In addition, this study provides valuable input to regulators and policymakers regarding strengthening the regulations and controlling tools that enhance environmental performance.The mediating role of carbon emissions in the relationship between the board attributes and ESG performance: European evidence
Amneh Alkurdi, Hamzeh Al Amosh, Saleh F.A. Khatib
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study seeks to investigate the impact of board attributes on environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance, along with exploring the mediating role of carbon emissions in this relationship.

To address this objective, the panel data approach was used to analyze the data were collected from 1,621 European companies from 2017 to 2021.

This study shows that board gender diversity, audit committee independence, expertise and board meeting attendance help enhance ESG performance. On the contrary, board size and composition do not affect ESG performance. The findings also showed that board gender diversity, audit committee independence, expertise and board meeting attendance are negatively related to carbon emissions performance. However, board size is related positively to carbon emissions performance. This indicates that the larger boards of directors may have diverse experiences that enhance the environmental performance of companies. Furthermore, the finding showed companies that contribute to lowering carbon emissions are more willing to improve their ESG performance. Also, carbon emissions mediate the relationship between the board's attributes and ESG performance.

The study's results have significant implications for firm managers in enhancing the efficiency of board decisions in determining environmental practices that matter to various groups of stakeholders. In addition, this study provides valuable input to regulators and policymakers regarding strengthening the regulations and controlling tools that enhance environmental performance.

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The mediating role of carbon emissions in the relationship between the board attributes and ESG performance: European evidence10.1108/EMJB-08-2022-0144EuroMed Journal of Business2023-04-04© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAmneh AlkurdiHamzeh Al AmoshSaleh F.A. KhatibEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-04-0410.1108/EMJB-08-2022-0144https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2022-0144/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Inclusive leadership in hospitality: a driver of social inclusion?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0208/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe importance of inclusive leadership has been recognized by scholars and practitioners alike. However, the ways in which inclusive leadership can be achieved and implemented in hospitality seem to be unclear. In order to answer how inclusive leadership can be put into practice in hospitality, this paper explores (1) employees' and managers' perceptions of inclusion and (2) diversity practices in hotel organizations. By espousing a qualitative methodology, semi-structured interviews with management representatives, as well as local and foreign employees of 4- and 5-star hotel organizations, were utilized in order to identify what inclusive leadership looks like in theory and in practice. Data were analyzed via thematic analysis and the utilization of the NVivo software. Findings suggest that an inclusive leader should be caring and respectful, pursue fair treatment, support employee development, express employee appreciation and recognize their role in social inclusion more widely. This original work reduces the research-practice gap in the field of diversity management by providing succinct recommendations to hospitality managers in the form of an adaptable best practice framework. The diagrammatic framework includes the values related to inclusive leadership as they emerged, as well as the practices through which each theme could be enacted.Inclusive leadership in hospitality: a driver of social inclusion?
Chrystalla Vassou, Antonis L. Theocharous, Anastasios Zopiatis
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The importance of inclusive leadership has been recognized by scholars and practitioners alike. However, the ways in which inclusive leadership can be achieved and implemented in hospitality seem to be unclear. In order to answer how inclusive leadership can be put into practice in hospitality, this paper explores (1) employees' and managers' perceptions of inclusion and (2) diversity practices in hotel organizations.

By espousing a qualitative methodology, semi-structured interviews with management representatives, as well as local and foreign employees of 4- and 5-star hotel organizations, were utilized in order to identify what inclusive leadership looks like in theory and in practice. Data were analyzed via thematic analysis and the utilization of the NVivo software.

Findings suggest that an inclusive leader should be caring and respectful, pursue fair treatment, support employee development, express employee appreciation and recognize their role in social inclusion more widely.

This original work reduces the research-practice gap in the field of diversity management by providing succinct recommendations to hospitality managers in the form of an adaptable best practice framework. The diagrammatic framework includes the values related to inclusive leadership as they emerged, as well as the practices through which each theme could be enacted.

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Inclusive leadership in hospitality: a driver of social inclusion?10.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0208EuroMed Journal of Business2024-01-09© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedChrystalla VassouAntonis L. TheocharousAnastasios ZopiatisEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-0910.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0208https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0208/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Herding behaviour and sentiment: evidence from emerging marketshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0209/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestBased on the theoretical framework, this paper analyzes the sentiment-herding relationship in emerging stock markets (ESMs). First, it aims to examine the effect of investor sentiment on herding. Second, it seeks the direction of causality between sentiment and herding time series. The present study applies the Exponential Generalized Auto_Regressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (EGARCH) model to capture the volatility clustering of herding on the financial market and to investigate the role of the investor sentiment on herding behaviour. Then the vector autoregression (VAR) estimation uses the Granger causality test to determine the direction of causality between the investor sentiment and herding. This study uses a sample consisting of stocks listed on the Shanghai Composite index (SSE) (348 stocks), the Jakarta composite index (JKSE) (118 stocks), the Mexico IPC index (14 stocks), the Russian Trading System index (RTS) (12 stocks), the Warsaw stock exchange General index (WGI) (106 stocks) and the FTSE/JSE Africa all-share index (76 stocks). The sample includes 5,020 daily observations from February 1, 2002, to March 31, 2021. The research findings show that the sentiment has a significant negative impact on the herding behaviour pointing out that the higher the investor sentiment, the lower the herding. However, the results of the present study indicate that a higher investor sentiment conducts a higher herding behaviour during market downturns. Then the outcomes suggest that during the crisis period, the direction is one-way, from the investor sentiment to the herding behaviour. The findings may have implications for universal policies of financial regulators in EMs. We have found evidence that the Emerging investor sentiment contributes to the investor herding behaviour. Therefore, the irrational investor herding behaviour can increase the stock market volatility, and in extreme cases, it may lead to bubbles and crashes. Market regulators could implement mechanisms that can supervise the investor sentiment and predict the investor herding behaviour, so they make policies helping stabilise stock markets. The originality of this paper lies in investigate the sentiment-herding relationship during the Surprime crisis and the Covid-19 epidemic in the EMs.Herding behaviour and sentiment: evidence from emerging markets
Dorra Messaoud, Anis Ben Amar
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Based on the theoretical framework, this paper analyzes the sentiment-herding relationship in emerging stock markets (ESMs). First, it aims to examine the effect of investor sentiment on herding. Second, it seeks the direction of causality between sentiment and herding time series.

The present study applies the Exponential Generalized Auto_Regressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (EGARCH) model to capture the volatility clustering of herding on the financial market and to investigate the role of the investor sentiment on herding behaviour. Then the vector autoregression (VAR) estimation uses the Granger causality test to determine the direction of causality between the investor sentiment and herding. This study uses a sample consisting of stocks listed on the Shanghai Composite index (SSE) (348 stocks), the Jakarta composite index (JKSE) (118 stocks), the Mexico IPC index (14 stocks), the Russian Trading System index (RTS) (12 stocks), the Warsaw stock exchange General index (WGI) (106 stocks) and the FTSE/JSE Africa all-share index (76 stocks). The sample includes 5,020 daily observations from February 1, 2002, to March 31, 2021.

The research findings show that the sentiment has a significant negative impact on the herding behaviour pointing out that the higher the investor sentiment, the lower the herding. However, the results of the present study indicate that a higher investor sentiment conducts a higher herding behaviour during market downturns. Then the outcomes suggest that during the crisis period, the direction is one-way, from the investor sentiment to the herding behaviour.

The findings may have implications for universal policies of financial regulators in EMs. We have found evidence that the Emerging investor sentiment contributes to the investor herding behaviour. Therefore, the irrational investor herding behaviour can increase the stock market volatility, and in extreme cases, it may lead to bubbles and crashes. Market regulators could implement mechanisms that can supervise the investor sentiment and predict the investor herding behaviour, so they make policies helping stabilise stock markets.

The originality of this paper lies in investigate the sentiment-herding relationship during the Surprime crisis and the Covid-19 epidemic in the EMs.

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Herding behaviour and sentiment: evidence from emerging markets10.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0209EuroMed Journal of Business2024-02-14© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedDorra MessaoudAnis Ben AmarEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1410.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0209https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0209/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
The role of self-efficacy and psychological empowerment in explaining the relationship between emotional intelligence and work engagementhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0210/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to investigate the impact of emotional intelligence on work engagement by exploring the mediating roles of self-efficacy and psychological empowerment in this relationship. Using the survey method, data were collected through both physical and online means. The final sample comprised 304 teachers working in elementary, middle and high schools. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis, utilizing IBM Amos version 26, was employed to assess the hypothesized model. The study's results revealed that emotional intelligence does not exert a direct impact on work engagement. Additionally, self-efficacy was not found to mediate the relationship between emotional intelligence and work engagement. However, psychological empowerment emerged as a mediating factor in this context. Furthermore, self-efficacy and psychological empowerment concurrently demonstrated significant mediation of the relationship between emotional intelligence and work engagement. The findings underscore the significance of teachers' emotional intelligence, suggesting that it can have profound implications for their work engagement through the mediating mechanisms of self-efficacy and psychological empowerment. Educational principals and administrators are encouraged to prioritize the enhancement of teachers' psychological empowerment, recognizing it as a pivotal link between teachers' emotional intelligence and work engagement. This study contributes to the field by comprehensively examining the mediating roles of self-efficacy and psychological empowerment, addressing prior empirical gaps, and enriching the understanding of how emotional intelligence influences work engagement within the educational sphere.The role of self-efficacy and psychological empowerment in explaining the relationship between emotional intelligence and work engagement
Kujtim Hameli, Lekë Ukaj, Lum Çollaku
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to investigate the impact of emotional intelligence on work engagement by exploring the mediating roles of self-efficacy and psychological empowerment in this relationship.

Using the survey method, data were collected through both physical and online means. The final sample comprised 304 teachers working in elementary, middle and high schools. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis, utilizing IBM Amos version 26, was employed to assess the hypothesized model.

The study's results revealed that emotional intelligence does not exert a direct impact on work engagement. Additionally, self-efficacy was not found to mediate the relationship between emotional intelligence and work engagement. However, psychological empowerment emerged as a mediating factor in this context. Furthermore, self-efficacy and psychological empowerment concurrently demonstrated significant mediation of the relationship between emotional intelligence and work engagement.

The findings underscore the significance of teachers' emotional intelligence, suggesting that it can have profound implications for their work engagement through the mediating mechanisms of self-efficacy and psychological empowerment. Educational principals and administrators are encouraged to prioritize the enhancement of teachers' psychological empowerment, recognizing it as a pivotal link between teachers' emotional intelligence and work engagement.

This study contributes to the field by comprehensively examining the mediating roles of self-efficacy and psychological empowerment, addressing prior empirical gaps, and enriching the understanding of how emotional intelligence influences work engagement within the educational sphere.

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The role of self-efficacy and psychological empowerment in explaining the relationship between emotional intelligence and work engagement10.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0210EuroMed Journal of Business2023-11-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedKujtim HameliLekë UkajLum ÇollakuEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-2810.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0210https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0210/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Exploring the gender entrepreneurial dimension following a long-term crisis: the case of Cypriot and Greek micro and small firmshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0215/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to examine various key aspects associated with entrepreneurs’ behaviour following a long-term crisis. Specifically, the study compares the perceptions of female and male entrepreneurs operating in Cyprus and Greece concerning success factors and firm performance in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. Conceptually, the study considers the organisational adaptation literature (Miles and Snow’s typology). The views of female and male micro and small firm owners-managers operating in Greece and Cyprus, a total of 406, were gathered through a questionnaire. To analyse the quantitative data, independent samples t-test and exploratory factor analysis were applied. Participants’ responses reveal similar levels of perceived importance between genders regarding adaptive measures and strategies to confront a long-term crisis, as well as perceived firm performance. Nevertheless, exploratory factor analysis highlights differences in how male/female entrepreneurs perceive actions that, as in the case of financial management, can safeguard the immediate outlook of the firm. While scholarly discourses on gender and entrepreneurship abound, important knowledge gaps still exist, for instance, in entrepreneurs’ problem-solving strategies adopted by female and male entrepreneurs following crises. In addressing this scholarly gap cross-culturally, that is, drawing on cross-national data (Cyprus and Greece); the present study makes an important contribution. Empirically, the study ascertains similar entrepreneurial behavioural characteristics between female-male entrepreneurs. Theoretically, the study validates Miles and Snow’s typology and develops a theoretical framework linking the typology and dimensions emerging from the empirical findings.Exploring the gender entrepreneurial dimension following a long-term crisis: the case of Cypriot and Greek micro and small firms
Nikolaos Sakellarios, Abel Duarte Alonso, Oanh Thi Kim Vu, Seamus O'Brien, Seng Kok, Santiago Velasquez
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to examine various key aspects associated with entrepreneurs’ behaviour following a long-term crisis. Specifically, the study compares the perceptions of female and male entrepreneurs operating in Cyprus and Greece concerning success factors and firm performance in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. Conceptually, the study considers the organisational adaptation literature (Miles and Snow’s typology).

The views of female and male micro and small firm owners-managers operating in Greece and Cyprus, a total of 406, were gathered through a questionnaire. To analyse the quantitative data, independent samples t-test and exploratory factor analysis were applied.

Participants’ responses reveal similar levels of perceived importance between genders regarding adaptive measures and strategies to confront a long-term crisis, as well as perceived firm performance. Nevertheless, exploratory factor analysis highlights differences in how male/female entrepreneurs perceive actions that, as in the case of financial management, can safeguard the immediate outlook of the firm.

While scholarly discourses on gender and entrepreneurship abound, important knowledge gaps still exist, for instance, in entrepreneurs’ problem-solving strategies adopted by female and male entrepreneurs following crises. In addressing this scholarly gap cross-culturally, that is, drawing on cross-national data (Cyprus and Greece); the present study makes an important contribution. Empirically, the study ascertains similar entrepreneurial behavioural characteristics between female-male entrepreneurs. Theoretically, the study validates Miles and Snow’s typology and develops a theoretical framework linking the typology and dimensions emerging from the empirical findings.

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Exploring the gender entrepreneurial dimension following a long-term crisis: the case of Cypriot and Greek micro and small firms10.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0215EuroMed Journal of Business2024-03-12© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedNikolaos SakellariosAbel Duarte AlonsoOanh Thi Kim VuSeamus O'BrienSeng KokSantiago VelasquezEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-1210.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0215https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-08-2023-0215/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Do domestic market characteristics influence firms' export intensity?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0129/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of the firms' external environment on their export intensity. More specifically, it assesses whether domestic market characteristics such as domestic demand and general export environment related to tradability across borders affect firms' export intensity. The authors use a sample of 29,266 firms from nine European countries, for the period of 2010–2016, and test several estimation methods (random effects models, Tobit models, and Heckman's selection models). Results show that external factors such as domestic demand and ease of trade across borders are important determinants of firms' export intensity. Moreover, results reveal that firm's internal characteristics such as age, size and productivity also play an import role. Studies about the influence of the firms' external environment on firms' export intensity are scarce because most of them are confined to a single country context. In this way, the present study contributes to the body of knowledge on the influence that external factors can have on firms' export performance by analyzing firms from nine European countries, which has important policy implications.Do domestic market characteristics influence firms' export intensity?
Rosa Portela Forte, Sérgio Carvalho
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of the firms' external environment on their export intensity. More specifically, it assesses whether domestic market characteristics such as domestic demand and general export environment related to tradability across borders affect firms' export intensity.

The authors use a sample of 29,266 firms from nine European countries, for the period of 2010–2016, and test several estimation methods (random effects models, Tobit models, and Heckman's selection models).

Results show that external factors such as domestic demand and ease of trade across borders are important determinants of firms' export intensity. Moreover, results reveal that firm's internal characteristics such as age, size and productivity also play an import role.

Studies about the influence of the firms' external environment on firms' export intensity are scarce because most of them are confined to a single country context. In this way, the present study contributes to the body of knowledge on the influence that external factors can have on firms' export performance by analyzing firms from nine European countries, which has important policy implications.

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Do domestic market characteristics influence firms' export intensity?10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0129EuroMed Journal of Business2022-05-19© 2022 Rosa Portela Forte and Sérgio CarvalhoRosa Portela ForteSérgio CarvalhoEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-05-1910.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0129https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0129/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Rosa Portela Forte and Sérgio Carvalhohttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Do financial markets price UEFA Champions League competition events?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0134/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper investigates the stock market reaction to three different events related to the UEFA Champions League – the announcements of draws, odds and match results. The aim of the paper is to test whether these events are informative for stock market operators, i.e. whether they produce abnormal returns. Applying the event study methodology, the authors investigate the stock market reaction before (at two events: the draw date and on the release of betting odds) and after the matches of 11 listed soccer teams in the period 2003–2019. The authors also conduct OLS regression analyses in order to disentangle the impact of firm specific variables and match characteristics on cumulative abnormal returns. This paper finds that match outcomes affect the stock market performance of listed teams, while the announcements of draws and odds do not. More specifically, the market does not consider match outcomes involving wins and ties as informative events, while it penalizes losing teams. Moreover, investor reactions to events related to the UCL competition depend more on match characteristics than on company specific variables. The study enriches the ongoing debate about the impact of soccer team results on stock market performance in several ways: using the widest time span ever adopted in this area; focusing on UCL, which is the most important soccer competition played by private clubs; disentangling for the first time the effects of draws, odds release and sporting outcome on stock returns of listed soccer clubs.Do financial markets price UEFA Champions League competition events?
Maria Gaia Soana, Andrea Lippi, Simone Rossi
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper investigates the stock market reaction to three different events related to the UEFA Champions League – the announcements of draws, odds and match results. The aim of the paper is to test whether these events are informative for stock market operators, i.e. whether they produce abnormal returns.

Applying the event study methodology, the authors investigate the stock market reaction before (at two events: the draw date and on the release of betting odds) and after the matches of 11 listed soccer teams in the period 2003–2019. The authors also conduct OLS regression analyses in order to disentangle the impact of firm specific variables and match characteristics on cumulative abnormal returns.

This paper finds that match outcomes affect the stock market performance of listed teams, while the announcements of draws and odds do not. More specifically, the market does not consider match outcomes involving wins and ties as informative events, while it penalizes losing teams. Moreover, investor reactions to events related to the UCL competition depend more on match characteristics than on company specific variables.

The study enriches the ongoing debate about the impact of soccer team results on stock market performance in several ways: using the widest time span ever adopted in this area; focusing on UCL, which is the most important soccer competition played by private clubs; disentangling for the first time the effects of draws, odds release and sporting outcome on stock returns of listed soccer clubs.

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Do financial markets price UEFA Champions League competition events?10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0134EuroMed Journal of Business2022-06-21© 2022 Maria Gaia Soana, Andrea Lippi and Simone RossiMaria Gaia SoanaAndrea LippiSimone RossiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-06-2110.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0134https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0134/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Maria Gaia Soana, Andrea Lippi and Simone Rossihttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Exploring the influence of tourist ethnocentrism and risk perception on the hospitality and tourism industryhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0137/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestRisk perception and ethnocentrism are recognized as significant psychological factors influencing tourism behaviors. However, the impact of tourist ethnocentrism (TE) on tourism and hospitality-related behaviors has mainly been overlooked in previous research. Hence, the objective of the present study is to propose a comprehensive TE model by exploring the influence of TE and risk perception on the domestic hospitality and tourism industry in Israel. A convenience sample of 204 Israeli respondents 18 years of age or older took part in the study. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to assess hypothesized relationships in the proposed model. The data confirmed five out of the eight hypotheses tested. The study findings suggest that TE is unrelated to willingness to pay (WTP) a price premium for local travel or dine in local restaurants. Similarly, the authors found no association between risk perception and willingness to dine in local restaurants. The current investigation contributes to the literature by proposing a model conceptualizing the influence of both TE and risk perception on hospitality (i.e. dine in a local restaurant) and tourism (i.e. domestic travel). The present research findings contribute to the tourism ethnocentrism literature and shed new light on social identity theory (SIT) by pointing to the importance of considering value for money in future conceptualizations and suggest monetary considerations may overshadow other in-group considerations as conceptualized in SIT.Exploring the influence of tourist ethnocentrism and risk perception on the hospitality and tourism industry
Kerstin Bremser, Villy Abraham
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Risk perception and ethnocentrism are recognized as significant psychological factors influencing tourism behaviors. However, the impact of tourist ethnocentrism (TE) on tourism and hospitality-related behaviors has mainly been overlooked in previous research. Hence, the objective of the present study is to propose a comprehensive TE model by exploring the influence of TE and risk perception on the domestic hospitality and tourism industry in Israel.

A convenience sample of 204 Israeli respondents 18 years of age or older took part in the study. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to assess hypothesized relationships in the proposed model.

The data confirmed five out of the eight hypotheses tested. The study findings suggest that TE is unrelated to willingness to pay (WTP) a price premium for local travel or dine in local restaurants. Similarly, the authors found no association between risk perception and willingness to dine in local restaurants.

The current investigation contributes to the literature by proposing a model conceptualizing the influence of both TE and risk perception on hospitality (i.e. dine in a local restaurant) and tourism (i.e. domestic travel). The present research findings contribute to the tourism ethnocentrism literature and shed new light on social identity theory (SIT) by pointing to the importance of considering value for money in future conceptualizations and suggest monetary considerations may overshadow other in-group considerations as conceptualized in SIT.

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Exploring the influence of tourist ethnocentrism and risk perception on the hospitality and tourism industry10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0137EuroMed Journal of Business2022-06-07© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedKerstin BremserVilly AbrahamEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-06-0710.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0137https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0137/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Foreign ownership and liquidity: evidence from a frontier markethttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0140/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to provide empirical evidence on the impact of foreign share ownership on the liquidity of the Tunisian Stock Exchange (TSE). The authors hypothesize in the first strand that stock liquidity could be positively affected by foreign ownership based on the real friction channel. The authors then hypothesize in the second strand, based on the information friction channel, that foreign ownership's impact on stock liquidity could be insignificant or negative and that foreign investors raise the level of information asymmetry. A sample of 318 firm-year observations from Tunisia over the 2012–2017 period and a random-effects estimation were used. Moreover, using the 2SLS estimator, a robustness check framework was applied in order to address any potential reverse causality concerns. The authors find strong evidence that higher foreign ownership improves stock liquidity. More specifically, firms with higher foreign ownership engender a lower bid-ask spread, a better stock ability to absorb a large amount of trading volume, and a larger depth. These findings are still valid when reverse causality concerns are addressed through the use of the 2SLS estimator. The paper contributes to the existing literature by focusing on the ownership–liquidity relationship on a frontier market. It provides further empirical support that higher corporate governance quality reduces the information asymmetry problem and enhances stock market liquidity.Foreign ownership and liquidity: evidence from a frontier market
Amina Bousnina, Marjène Rabah Gana, Mejda Dakhlaoui
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the impact of foreign share ownership on the liquidity of the Tunisian Stock Exchange (TSE).

The authors hypothesize in the first strand that stock liquidity could be positively affected by foreign ownership based on the real friction channel. The authors then hypothesize in the second strand, based on the information friction channel, that foreign ownership's impact on stock liquidity could be insignificant or negative and that foreign investors raise the level of information asymmetry. A sample of 318 firm-year observations from Tunisia over the 2012–2017 period and a random-effects estimation were used. Moreover, using the 2SLS estimator, a robustness check framework was applied in order to address any potential reverse causality concerns.

The authors find strong evidence that higher foreign ownership improves stock liquidity. More specifically, firms with higher foreign ownership engender a lower bid-ask spread, a better stock ability to absorb a large amount of trading volume, and a larger depth. These findings are still valid when reverse causality concerns are addressed through the use of the 2SLS estimator.

The paper contributes to the existing literature by focusing on the ownership–liquidity relationship on a frontier market. It provides further empirical support that higher corporate governance quality reduces the information asymmetry problem and enhances stock market liquidity.

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Foreign ownership and liquidity: evidence from a frontier market10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0140EuroMed Journal of Business2022-08-19© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAmina BousninaMarjène Rabah GanaMejda DakhlaouiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-1910.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0140https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2021-0140/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Does ownership concentration matter for the relationship between CEO characteristics and real earnings management: evidence from Jordanhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2022-0155/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe current research inspects the moderation role of ownership concentration on chief executive officer (CEO) characteristics and real earnings management (REM) relationship in Jordan. Driscoll–Kraay regressions were run using data from 348 firm-year observations for companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange between 2013 and 2018. Driscoll–Kraay regressions demonstrate that CEO experience, tenure and political connections improve REM practices. Ownership concentration diminishes and limits REM practices when combined with CEO experience, tenure and political connections, since all three have a negative and significant link with REM. Initial constraints include the study’s lack of generalisability due to a small number of CEO-related parameters. Second, critics of the ideal model for judging EM have a foreseeable flaw. No generally accepted model is perfect. This study’s conclusions are crucial for industry participants, including companies, policymakers, investors and the general public. These findings will help investors, practitioners and regulators understand that businesses with significant ownership concentrations and experienced CEOs have superior earnings and low REM practises. The findings of this study have an optimistic impact on the existing body of knowledge. The current literature has yet to properly inspect the moderation role that ownership concentration has on the connotation between CEO characteristics and EM. Despite several research studies in both developed and developing nations, ownership concentration has been almost virtually neglected. The current study could fill a hole in earlier research, rendering it a novel study.Does ownership concentration matter for the relationship between CEO characteristics and real earnings management: evidence from Jordan
Mohammad Alhmood, Hasnah Shaari, Redhwan Al-Dhamari, Armaya’U Alhaji Sani
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The current research inspects the moderation role of ownership concentration on chief executive officer (CEO) characteristics and real earnings management (REM) relationship in Jordan.

Driscoll–Kraay regressions were run using data from 348 firm-year observations for companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange between 2013 and 2018.

Driscoll–Kraay regressions demonstrate that CEO experience, tenure and political connections improve REM practices. Ownership concentration diminishes and limits REM practices when combined with CEO experience, tenure and political connections, since all three have a negative and significant link with REM.

Initial constraints include the study’s lack of generalisability due to a small number of CEO-related parameters. Second, critics of the ideal model for judging EM have a foreseeable flaw. No generally accepted model is perfect.

This study’s conclusions are crucial for industry participants, including companies, policymakers, investors and the general public. These findings will help investors, practitioners and regulators understand that businesses with significant ownership concentrations and experienced CEOs have superior earnings and low REM practises.

The findings of this study have an optimistic impact on the existing body of knowledge. The current literature has yet to properly inspect the moderation role that ownership concentration has on the connotation between CEO characteristics and EM.

Despite several research studies in both developed and developing nations, ownership concentration has been almost virtually neglected. The current study could fill a hole in earlier research, rendering it a novel study.

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Does ownership concentration matter for the relationship between CEO characteristics and real earnings management: evidence from Jordan10.1108/EMJB-09-2022-0155EuroMed Journal of Business2023-02-24© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedMohammad AlhmoodHasnah ShaariRedhwan Al-DhamariArmaya’U Alhaji SaniEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-2410.1108/EMJB-09-2022-0155https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2022-0155/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Environmental sustainability performance and shareholder value: an international fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2022-0161/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestConsidering corporate governance (CG hereinafter) practices' variety across Anglo-American and European countries, this study relies on contingency and complexity theories to investigate the effect of environmental sustainability performance (ESP hereinafter) on shareholder value under various configurations of board of directors (BoD hereinafter), firm and country characteristics. The author used the Thomson Reuters Environment Pillar Score (ASSET4) and the Total Shareholder Return to assess ESP and shareholder value respectively. The author applied a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA hereinafter) to an unbalanced panel of 2,284 observations from 486 European and Anglo-American non-financial listed firms over the period 2016–2020. The author found a positive association between ESP and shareholder value and he displayed notable differences between Anglo-American and European economies regarding causal predictors of this positive association. Within European firms operating under civil law code where investor protection is low and family ownership is widespread, ESP creates shareholder value under configurations of causal predictors that significantly differ from those of their Anglo-American peers. The author's findings are robust to different identification strategies. This study assists researchers, practitioners, shareholders and policymakers the significant roles that BoD diversity, organisational and institutional traits are jointly playing as determinants of the ESP-shareholder value relationship. The author's study offers a more encompassing, complete and theoretically richer picture of the key drivers and outcomes of ESP.Environmental sustainability performance and shareholder value: an international fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis
Habib Jouber
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Considering corporate governance (CG hereinafter) practices' variety across Anglo-American and European countries, this study relies on contingency and complexity theories to investigate the effect of environmental sustainability performance (ESP hereinafter) on shareholder value under various configurations of board of directors (BoD hereinafter), firm and country characteristics.

The author used the Thomson Reuters Environment Pillar Score (ASSET4) and the Total Shareholder Return to assess ESP and shareholder value respectively. The author applied a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA hereinafter) to an unbalanced panel of 2,284 observations from 486 European and Anglo-American non-financial listed firms over the period 2016–2020.

The author found a positive association between ESP and shareholder value and he displayed notable differences between Anglo-American and European economies regarding causal predictors of this positive association. Within European firms operating under civil law code where investor protection is low and family ownership is widespread, ESP creates shareholder value under configurations of causal predictors that significantly differ from those of their Anglo-American peers. The author's findings are robust to different identification strategies.

This study assists researchers, practitioners, shareholders and policymakers the significant roles that BoD diversity, organisational and institutional traits are jointly playing as determinants of the ESP-shareholder value relationship.

The author's study offers a more encompassing, complete and theoretically richer picture of the key drivers and outcomes of ESP.

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Environmental sustainability performance and shareholder value: an international fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis10.1108/EMJB-09-2022-0161EuroMed Journal of Business2023-02-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedHabib JouberEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-2810.1108/EMJB-09-2022-0161https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2022-0161/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Knowledge and capabilities: what are their roles in international business of SMEs?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2022-0175/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestEngaging in international business (IB) is a particular challenge to small and medium-sized companies (SMEs), representing a condition to ensure growth and longevity. Due to their limitations of tangible resources, these companies make use of their levels of knowledge and capabilities to reach new markets. This study seeks to ascertain the role, the typologies of the knowledge and capabilities required for access to IB, and how benefits may arise for SMEs from their international experience. To achieve these objectives, the authors ground the insights on a qualitative study that gathered data from ten semi-structured interviews with leading entrepreneurs engaged in IB. The data were analysed resorting to the QSR Nvivo software. The results demonstrate how (1) knowledge and the development of dynamic capabilities all represent determinant facets to engaging in IB and that (2) the knowledge and learning capabilities acquired and developed in IB context also result in positive returns in domestic markets. Despite the rising of IB studies, the interaction between knowledge and capabilities from the perspective of accessing international markets has not received attention enough from scholars. The authors argue that both constructs must act together to reach and maximize the IB of SMEs and provide evidence that engagement abroad brings several other advantages beyond economic returns.Knowledge and capabilities: what are their roles in international business of SMEs?
Edgar Nave, João Ferreira
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Engaging in international business (IB) is a particular challenge to small and medium-sized companies (SMEs), representing a condition to ensure growth and longevity. Due to their limitations of tangible resources, these companies make use of their levels of knowledge and capabilities to reach new markets. This study seeks to ascertain the role, the typologies of the knowledge and capabilities required for access to IB, and how benefits may arise for SMEs from their international experience.

To achieve these objectives, the authors ground the insights on a qualitative study that gathered data from ten semi-structured interviews with leading entrepreneurs engaged in IB. The data were analysed resorting to the QSR Nvivo software.

The results demonstrate how (1) knowledge and the development of dynamic capabilities all represent determinant facets to engaging in IB and that (2) the knowledge and learning capabilities acquired and developed in IB context also result in positive returns in domestic markets.

Despite the rising of IB studies, the interaction between knowledge and capabilities from the perspective of accessing international markets has not received attention enough from scholars. The authors argue that both constructs must act together to reach and maximize the IB of SMEs and provide evidence that engagement abroad brings several other advantages beyond economic returns.

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Knowledge and capabilities: what are their roles in international business of SMEs?10.1108/EMJB-09-2022-0175EuroMed Journal of Business2023-04-26© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedEdgar NaveJoão FerreiraEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-04-2610.1108/EMJB-09-2022-0175https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2022-0175/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The usefulness of gamification for enhancing customer loyalty to small e-tailershttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2023-0240/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to explore the use of gamification elements by micro and small e-tailers to enhance customer loyalty. Additionally, this research seeks to identify the most promising gamification elements that can be utilised for this purpose. The authors adopt a qualitative approach to examine the impact of gamification on online customer loyalty to micro and small e-tailers. Data were gathered using a combination of two types of expert interviews. Semi-structured interviews were held with micro and small e-tailers while large e-tailers served as the control group. Structured interviews based on multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) models were conducted to determine the most promising gamification elements. The content analysis reveals that gamification has significant potential for fostering customer loyalty and offering various other benefits. However, small e-tailers often refrain from implementing gamification solutions due to the resource requirements in terms of finances, time, information technology and human capital. By assigning weights as an essential step in MCDA models, the authors determined that badges, medals, quests, avatars and competitions are the most promising gamification options for small e-tailers’ efforts to enhance customer loyalty. The study makes a unique contribution to the understanding of the usefulness of gamification in augmenting customer loyalty and identifying essential gamification elements for micro and small e-tailers.The usefulness of gamification for enhancing customer loyalty to small e-tailers
Neringa Vilkaite - Vaitone, Sigita Kirse, Karina Adomaviciute - Sakalauske, Vytautas Dikcius, Ignas Zimaitis
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to explore the use of gamification elements by micro and small e-tailers to enhance customer loyalty. Additionally, this research seeks to identify the most promising gamification elements that can be utilised for this purpose.

The authors adopt a qualitative approach to examine the impact of gamification on online customer loyalty to micro and small e-tailers. Data were gathered using a combination of two types of expert interviews. Semi-structured interviews were held with micro and small e-tailers while large e-tailers served as the control group. Structured interviews based on multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) models were conducted to determine the most promising gamification elements.

The content analysis reveals that gamification has significant potential for fostering customer loyalty and offering various other benefits. However, small e-tailers often refrain from implementing gamification solutions due to the resource requirements in terms of finances, time, information technology and human capital. By assigning weights as an essential step in MCDA models, the authors determined that badges, medals, quests, avatars and competitions are the most promising gamification options for small e-tailers’ efforts to enhance customer loyalty.

The study makes a unique contribution to the understanding of the usefulness of gamification in augmenting customer loyalty and identifying essential gamification elements for micro and small e-tailers.

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The usefulness of gamification for enhancing customer loyalty to small e-tailers10.1108/EMJB-09-2023-0240EuroMed Journal of Business2024-01-11© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedNeringa Vilkaite - VaitoneSigita KirseKarina Adomaviciute - SakalauskeVytautas DikciusIgnas ZimaitisEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-1110.1108/EMJB-09-2023-0240https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2023-0240/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Cash flow management, performance and risk: evidence from Greecehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2023-0245/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestI seek to identify whether cash flow management can affect the performance and risk of the Greek listed companies. This study examines the relationship of cash flow management with performance and risk, using a sample of 80 non-financial companies listed in the Athens Exchange. The study covers the period 2018–2022, and panel data analysis is applied. Both financial performance and stock return are taken into consideration, while risk concerns the volatility of the companies’ share prices. The various explanatory variables used include the net cash flow, free cash flow, cash conversion cycle days, cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities, cash flow from financing activities, inventory days, customer days and supplier days. The empirical results provide evidence of a positive relationship between financial performance and net cash flow and free cash flow. In addition, operating cash flow is positively related to financial performance. The opposite is the case for investing and financing cash flow. Finally, some evidence of a negative relationship between financial performance and inventory and customer days is provided too. On the other hand, stock return and risk are not related to the cash flow management variables at all. To the best of my knowledge, this is one of the few studies to examine the relationship of cash flow management with performance and risk, using data from the Greek stock market. The results can form an effective selection tool for investors seeking Greek companies with the highest financial performance potential, which may reward them with higher dividends.Cash flow management, performance and risk: evidence from Greece
Gerasimos Rompotis
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

I seek to identify whether cash flow management can affect the performance and risk of the Greek listed companies.

This study examines the relationship of cash flow management with performance and risk, using a sample of 80 non-financial companies listed in the Athens Exchange. The study covers the period 2018–2022, and panel data analysis is applied. Both financial performance and stock return are taken into consideration, while risk concerns the volatility of the companies’ share prices. The various explanatory variables used include the net cash flow, free cash flow, cash conversion cycle days, cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities, cash flow from financing activities, inventory days, customer days and supplier days.

The empirical results provide evidence of a positive relationship between financial performance and net cash flow and free cash flow. In addition, operating cash flow is positively related to financial performance. The opposite is the case for investing and financing cash flow. Finally, some evidence of a negative relationship between financial performance and inventory and customer days is provided too. On the other hand, stock return and risk are not related to the cash flow management variables at all.

To the best of my knowledge, this is one of the few studies to examine the relationship of cash flow management with performance and risk, using data from the Greek stock market. The results can form an effective selection tool for investors seeking Greek companies with the highest financial performance potential, which may reward them with higher dividends.

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Cash flow management, performance and risk: evidence from Greece10.1108/EMJB-09-2023-0245EuroMed Journal of Business2024-02-29© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedGerasimos RompotisEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-2910.1108/EMJB-09-2023-0245https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-09-2023-0245/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Information system assisted knowledge accounting and cognitive managerial implicationshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2021-0162/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper examines issues that focus on the importance of accounting data generated knowledge information and its role in modern business. The cognitive aspect of this research reflects the ability of companies and its employees to apply knowledge for managerial purposes using accounting data. Using a questionnaire, a five-factor model related to information communication, information cognitive utilization, functional optimization, applicability and cognitive efficiency was created. Findings present a series of complex correlations highlighting possible actions to utilize knowledge as a tool for management. Information is obtained regarding the management of knowledge and the adoption of information systems. The results reflect the limited implementation of intellectual capital practices and understanding of knowledge as a financial tool for executives and employees. Based on the above, an attempt was made to formulate the questions for the careful identification of the factors. Rapid developments in information and communication technologies, together with a realization that knowledge is a resource of general and cost strategic importance, changed the operational structures of companies, shifting value from materials to intangible assets. This paper demonstrates how multiple variables are correlated and how small changes could help increase intellectual capital and facilitate the construction of knowledge based systems. The need for an accounting valuation of intellectual capital in order to present the true picture of business value is evident. This paper illustrates factors such as interactive communication and systematic cognitive efficiency or the monetization of information as a preliminary step for future valuation and management intellectual capital models. Direct access to sufficient and reliable information, lead to the search for effective tools for the creation, aggregation and exchange of knowledge. The latter becomes a key goal for information systems. Emphasis is placed on the benefits and critical success factors of knowledge management systems, as essential information systems to support and enhance organizational processes.Information system assisted knowledge accounting and cognitive managerial implications
Alkiviadis Karagiorgos, Grigorios Lazos, Antonios Stavropoulos, Dimitra Karagiorgou, Fani Valkani
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper examines issues that focus on the importance of accounting data generated knowledge information and its role in modern business. The cognitive aspect of this research reflects the ability of companies and its employees to apply knowledge for managerial purposes using accounting data.

Using a questionnaire, a five-factor model related to information communication, information cognitive utilization, functional optimization, applicability and cognitive efficiency was created.

Findings present a series of complex correlations highlighting possible actions to utilize knowledge as a tool for management. Information is obtained regarding the management of knowledge and the adoption of information systems.

The results reflect the limited implementation of intellectual capital practices and understanding of knowledge as a financial tool for executives and employees. Based on the above, an attempt was made to formulate the questions for the careful identification of the factors.

Rapid developments in information and communication technologies, together with a realization that knowledge is a resource of general and cost strategic importance, changed the operational structures of companies, shifting value from materials to intangible assets. This paper demonstrates how multiple variables are correlated and how small changes could help increase intellectual capital and facilitate the construction of knowledge based systems.

The need for an accounting valuation of intellectual capital in order to present the true picture of business value is evident. This paper illustrates factors such as interactive communication and systematic cognitive efficiency or the monetization of information as a preliminary step for future valuation and management intellectual capital models.

Direct access to sufficient and reliable information, lead to the search for effective tools for the creation, aggregation and exchange of knowledge. The latter becomes a key goal for information systems. Emphasis is placed on the benefits and critical success factors of knowledge management systems, as essential information systems to support and enhance organizational processes.

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Information system assisted knowledge accounting and cognitive managerial implications10.1108/EMJB-10-2021-0162EuroMed Journal of Business2022-07-08© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAlkiviadis KaragiorgosGrigorios LazosAntonios StavropoulosDimitra KaragiorgouFani ValkaniEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-07-0810.1108/EMJB-10-2021-0162https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2021-0162/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The effect of R & D laboratories on MNE subsidiary performance: a primary survey in a European Mediterranean countryhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0177/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to examine the effect of R&D laboratories on the perceived performance of MNE subsidiaries during recession. Employing resource-based view and knowledge-based theory, the authors investigate a unique sample of 171 technologically heterogenous foreign MNE subsidiaries located in Greece over the period of recession 2009–2016. The sample subsidiaries operate different types of R&D laboratories. The authors find that MNE subsidiaries with advanced R&D laboratories such as locally integrated laboratories (LILs) and internationally interdependent laboratories (IILs) perform better in recession than subsidiaries with support laboratories (SLs) or subsidiaries without R&D laboratories. Overall, the authors find an asymmetric performance contribution of R&D laboratories at subsidiary level. The study provides useful insights into the environmentally derived “knowledge-based - performance” context, so filling an important research gap, since little is known about the performance impact of the input-side of technological activity at MNE subsidiary level, especially as regards R&D facilities/infrastructure. Based on the findings the authors identify important managerial implications.The effect of R & D laboratories on MNE subsidiary performance: a primary survey in a European Mediterranean country
Antonios Georgopoulos, Eleftherios Aggelopoulos, Elen Paraskevi Paraschi, Maria Kalogera
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to examine the effect of R&D laboratories on the perceived performance of MNE subsidiaries during recession.

Employing resource-based view and knowledge-based theory, the authors investigate a unique sample of 171 technologically heterogenous foreign MNE subsidiaries located in Greece over the period of recession 2009–2016. The sample subsidiaries operate different types of R&D laboratories.

The authors find that MNE subsidiaries with advanced R&D laboratories such as locally integrated laboratories (LILs) and internationally interdependent laboratories (IILs) perform better in recession than subsidiaries with support laboratories (SLs) or subsidiaries without R&D laboratories. Overall, the authors find an asymmetric performance contribution of R&D laboratories at subsidiary level.

The study provides useful insights into the environmentally derived “knowledge-based - performance” context, so filling an important research gap, since little is known about the performance impact of the input-side of technological activity at MNE subsidiary level, especially as regards R&D facilities/infrastructure. Based on the findings the authors identify important managerial implications.

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The effect of R & D laboratories on MNE subsidiary performance: a primary survey in a European Mediterranean country10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0177EuroMed Journal of Business2023-06-05© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAntonios GeorgopoulosEleftherios AggelopoulosElen Paraskevi ParaschiMaria KalogeraEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-06-0510.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0177https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0177/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Work performance change during the Covid-19 pandemic under risk-as-feelings hypothesis for managers across Europehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0179/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to examine the predictors of the managers’ work performance under the risk-as-feelings hypothesis during the Covid-19 pandemic in four European countries. Specifically, it aims to investigate the impact of risk-related job stressors and behavioral and emotional reactivities on non-managers and managers performance in risky circumstances. The author assessed simultaneously the effects of occupational health risk perception and the resulting feelings and emotional state such irritability and commitment change, the effects of income and others organizational and personal variables as performance stressors. The author used a sample of 652 employees divided on two groups (71% non-managers and 23% managers). Data are obtained from the dataset in Prochazka et al., (2020) collected using online survey delivered to employees employed in their companies for a minimum of five months in the period between Mai and June 2020. The results confirm the risk-as-feelings hypothesis and show significant effect of occupational health risk perception and associated emotional responses (irritability and commitment) on the work performance for non-managers’ group. However, for managers’ group the main determinant of work performance is the organizational commitment as explained by the job-demands-resources-model (JDRM). The originality of this study is to employ the risk-as-feelings hypothesis (Loewenstein et al., 2001) in a management research question such as job performance predictors. Thus, this study contributes to the literature on job performance in two significant ways. First, it examines the risk-related job’s stressors as determinants of managers and non-managers performance under the risk-as-feelings hypothesis. Second, it tests the importance of functional differences as an approach to better investigate the framework of the JDRM (Bakker and Demerouti, 2017).Work performance change during the Covid-19 pandemic under risk-as-feelings hypothesis for managers across Europe
Fadhila Hamza
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to examine the predictors of the managers’ work performance under the risk-as-feelings hypothesis during the Covid-19 pandemic in four European countries. Specifically, it aims to investigate the impact of risk-related job stressors and behavioral and emotional reactivities on non-managers and managers performance in risky circumstances.

The author assessed simultaneously the effects of occupational health risk perception and the resulting feelings and emotional state such irritability and commitment change, the effects of income and others organizational and personal variables as performance stressors. The author used a sample of 652 employees divided on two groups (71% non-managers and 23% managers). Data are obtained from the dataset in Prochazka et al., (2020) collected using online survey delivered to employees employed in their companies for a minimum of five months in the period between Mai and June 2020.

The results confirm the risk-as-feelings hypothesis and show significant effect of occupational health risk perception and associated emotional responses (irritability and commitment) on the work performance for non-managers’ group. However, for managers’ group the main determinant of work performance is the organizational commitment as explained by the job-demands-resources-model (JDRM).

The originality of this study is to employ the risk-as-feelings hypothesis (Loewenstein et al., 2001) in a management research question such as job performance predictors. Thus, this study contributes to the literature on job performance in two significant ways. First, it examines the risk-related job’s stressors as determinants of managers and non-managers performance under the risk-as-feelings hypothesis. Second, it tests the importance of functional differences as an approach to better investigate the framework of the JDRM (Bakker and Demerouti, 2017).

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Work performance change during the Covid-19 pandemic under risk-as-feelings hypothesis for managers across Europe10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0179EuroMed Journal of Business2023-02-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedFadhila HamzaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-2810.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0179https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0179/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Cryptocurrencies and portfolio diversification before and during COVID-19https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0182/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study investigates the diversification benefits of multiple cryptocurrencies and their usefulness as investment assets, individually or combined, in enhancing the performance of a well-diversified portfolio of traditional assets before and during the pandemic COVID-19. This paper uses two optimization techniques, namely the mean-variance and the maximum Sharpe ratio. The naïve diversification rules are used for comparison. Besides, the Sharpe and the Sortino ratios are used as performance measures. The results show that cryptocurrencies diversification benefits occur more during the COVID-19 pandemic rather than before it, with the maximum Sharpe ratio portfolio presenting its highest performance. Furthermore, the results suggest that, during COVID-19, the diversification benefits are slightly better when using a combination of cryptocurrencies to an already well-diversified portfolio of traditional assets rather than individual ones. This serves to improve the performance of the maximum Sharpe ratio portfolio, and to some extent, the naïve portfolio. Yet, cryptocurrencies, whether added individually or combined to a well-diversified portfolio of traditional assets, don't fit in the minimum variance portfolio. Besides, the efficient frontier during COVID-19 pandemic dominates the one before COVID-19 pandemic, giving the investor a better risk-return trade-off. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first study that examines the diversification benefits of multiple cryptocurrencies both as individual investments and as additional asset classes, before and during COVID-19 pandemic. The paper covers all analyses performed separately in previous studies, which brings new evidence regarding the potential for cryptocurrencies in portfolio diversification under different portfolio strategies.Cryptocurrencies and portfolio diversification before and during COVID-19
Wafa Abdelmalek
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study investigates the diversification benefits of multiple cryptocurrencies and their usefulness as investment assets, individually or combined, in enhancing the performance of a well-diversified portfolio of traditional assets before and during the pandemic COVID-19.

This paper uses two optimization techniques, namely the mean-variance and the maximum Sharpe ratio. The naïve diversification rules are used for comparison. Besides, the Sharpe and the Sortino ratios are used as performance measures.

The results show that cryptocurrencies diversification benefits occur more during the COVID-19 pandemic rather than before it, with the maximum Sharpe ratio portfolio presenting its highest performance. Furthermore, the results suggest that, during COVID-19, the diversification benefits are slightly better when using a combination of cryptocurrencies to an already well-diversified portfolio of traditional assets rather than individual ones. This serves to improve the performance of the maximum Sharpe ratio portfolio, and to some extent, the naïve portfolio. Yet, cryptocurrencies, whether added individually or combined to a well-diversified portfolio of traditional assets, don't fit in the minimum variance portfolio. Besides, the efficient frontier during COVID-19 pandemic dominates the one before COVID-19 pandemic, giving the investor a better risk-return trade-off.

To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first study that examines the diversification benefits of multiple cryptocurrencies both as individual investments and as additional asset classes, before and during COVID-19 pandemic. The paper covers all analyses performed separately in previous studies, which brings new evidence regarding the potential for cryptocurrencies in portfolio diversification under different portfolio strategies.

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Cryptocurrencies and portfolio diversification before and during COVID-1910.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0182EuroMed Journal of Business2023-06-15© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedWafa AbdelmalekEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-06-1510.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0182https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0182/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Board diversity and export intensity: the moderating role of firm sizehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0184/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestBuilding on resource dependence theory and contingency theory (CT) and focusing on an emerging market setting, this study investigates how demographic board diversity (BD) influences the export intensity (EI) of firms listed on Borsa Istanbul (BIST), with the moderating effect of firm size, as a contingency factor, on this interaction. Using a sample of 65 exporting firms listed on the BIST Industrials Index, this study explores how demographic attributes of board members, represented by the board diversity index (BDI), affects EI by employing panel data analysis over the period of 2016–2020. The results suggest that there is a negative relationship between BD and EI, but firm size has a positive moderating effect on the association of BD and EI, indicating that large firms with diverse boards are more prone to access foreign markets and make export. The findings further indicate that board size and CEO duality have a negative and significant effect on EI, while marketing intensity has a positive and significant impact. The sample covers only public companies listed on the BIST Industrials Index, and the impact of board characteristics on the EI is analyzed for a limited time frame, i.e. from 2016 to 2020. The findings help business executives better understand the contribution of the firm size on the interaction of BD and EI and offers valuable insights to companies to gain a competitive edge in international markets. The study provides evidence on the effects of board attributes on the EI from the perspective of emerging countries. It also helps to gain a deeper understanding of how board dynamics contribute to the internationalization of companies.Board diversity and export intensity: the moderating role of firm size
Mine Aksoy, Mustafa Kemal Yilmaz, Metin Canci, Alp Ay
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Building on resource dependence theory and contingency theory (CT) and focusing on an emerging market setting, this study investigates how demographic board diversity (BD) influences the export intensity (EI) of firms listed on Borsa Istanbul (BIST), with the moderating effect of firm size, as a contingency factor, on this interaction.

Using a sample of 65 exporting firms listed on the BIST Industrials Index, this study explores how demographic attributes of board members, represented by the board diversity index (BDI), affects EI by employing panel data analysis over the period of 2016–2020.

The results suggest that there is a negative relationship between BD and EI, but firm size has a positive moderating effect on the association of BD and EI, indicating that large firms with diverse boards are more prone to access foreign markets and make export. The findings further indicate that board size and CEO duality have a negative and significant effect on EI, while marketing intensity has a positive and significant impact.

The sample covers only public companies listed on the BIST Industrials Index, and the impact of board characteristics on the EI is analyzed for a limited time frame, i.e. from 2016 to 2020.

The findings help business executives better understand the contribution of the firm size on the interaction of BD and EI and offers valuable insights to companies to gain a competitive edge in international markets.

The study provides evidence on the effects of board attributes on the EI from the perspective of emerging countries. It also helps to gain a deeper understanding of how board dynamics contribute to the internationalization of companies.

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Board diversity and export intensity: the moderating role of firm size10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0184EuroMed Journal of Business2023-03-17© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedMine AksoyMustafa Kemal YilmazMetin CanciAlp AyEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-1710.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0184https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0184/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Greenhouse gas assurance, board diversity and cost of debt: a quantile approachhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0190/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe authors examine the effect of greenhouse gas (ghg) assurance on cost of debt, and the effect of board gender diversity on cost of debt, for an international sample of listed companies. Utilizing firm-level data and a quantile regression approach, this study examines the effects of greenhouse gas assurance and board diversity on cost of debt by employing an international sample of firms during 2015–2021. The authors find that in firms with a relatively low cost of debt the external assurance of greenhouse gas emissions and gender diversity could significantly contribute to a reduction of cost of debt. Furthermore, other measures of board diversity that are linked with independent directors and skilled directors seem to contribute to an increase of firms' cost of debt in the lower end of distribution. Drawing from the agency theory, the authors showcase the fact that ghg assurance reduces information asymmetry and therefore agency costs such as borrowing costs and signals to the stakeholders a long-term commitment to excellence. This study is the first that provides insights on the relationship between ghg assurance, board diversity and cost of debt.Greenhouse gas assurance, board diversity and cost of debt: a quantile approach
Andreas G. Koutoupis, Leonidas G. Davidopoulos, Jamel Azibi, Abdelaziz Hakimi, Hatem Mansali
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The authors examine the effect of greenhouse gas (ghg) assurance on cost of debt, and the effect of board gender diversity on cost of debt, for an international sample of listed companies.

Utilizing firm-level data and a quantile regression approach, this study examines the effects of greenhouse gas assurance and board diversity on cost of debt by employing an international sample of firms during 2015–2021.

The authors find that in firms with a relatively low cost of debt the external assurance of greenhouse gas emissions and gender diversity could significantly contribute to a reduction of cost of debt. Furthermore, other measures of board diversity that are linked with independent directors and skilled directors seem to contribute to an increase of firms' cost of debt in the lower end of distribution. Drawing from the agency theory, the authors showcase the fact that ghg assurance reduces information asymmetry and therefore agency costs such as borrowing costs and signals to the stakeholders a long-term commitment to excellence.

This study is the first that provides insights on the relationship between ghg assurance, board diversity and cost of debt.

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Greenhouse gas assurance, board diversity and cost of debt: a quantile approach10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0190EuroMed Journal of Business2023-06-09© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAndreas G. KoutoupisLeonidas G. DavidopoulosJamel AzibiAbdelaziz HakimiHatem MansaliEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-06-0910.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0190https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0190/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Do financial constraints affect the CEO stock options remuneration? Evidence from a panel threshold modelhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0193/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to examine the nonlinear relationship between financial constraints and the chief executive officer (CEO) stock options compensation and to analyze whether the impact of financial constraints on the CEO stock options compensation changes at certain level of financial constraints or not. This study is based on a sample of 90 French firms for the period extending from 2008 to 2019. To deal with the non-linearity, the authors use a panel threshold method. Using different measures of financial constraints [KZ index (Baker et al., 2003), SA index (Hadlock and Pierce, 2010) and FCP index (Schauer et al., 2019)], the results reveal that the impact of the financial constraints (SA index and FCP index) is positive below the threshold value and it becomes negative above. The non-linearity between financial constraints and CEO stock options shows that the level of financial constraints can be a major determinant of the CEO compensation structure. More specifically, this study sheds light on the key role played by the level of financial constraints and how this latter influence management decisions. This paper is the first to the best of the authors' knowledge to examine the nonlinear relationship between financial constraints and the CEO stock options compensation using a panel threshold model.Do financial constraints affect the CEO stock options remuneration? Evidence from a panel threshold model
Sedki Zaiane, Halim Dabbou, Mohamed Imen Gallali
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to examine the nonlinear relationship between financial constraints and the chief executive officer (CEO) stock options compensation and to analyze whether the impact of financial constraints on the CEO stock options compensation changes at certain level of financial constraints or not.

This study is based on a sample of 90 French firms for the period extending from 2008 to 2019. To deal with the non-linearity, the authors use a panel threshold method.

Using different measures of financial constraints [KZ index (Baker et al., 2003), SA index (Hadlock and Pierce, 2010) and FCP index (Schauer et al., 2019)], the results reveal that the impact of the financial constraints (SA index and FCP index) is positive below the threshold value and it becomes negative above.

The non-linearity between financial constraints and CEO stock options shows that the level of financial constraints can be a major determinant of the CEO compensation structure. More specifically, this study sheds light on the key role played by the level of financial constraints and how this latter influence management decisions.

This paper is the first to the best of the authors' knowledge to examine the nonlinear relationship between financial constraints and the CEO stock options compensation using a panel threshold model.

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Do financial constraints affect the CEO stock options remuneration? Evidence from a panel threshold model10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0193EuroMed Journal of Business2023-08-09© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedSedki ZaianeHalim DabbouMohamed Imen GallaliEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-0910.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0193https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2022-0193/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Development of central bank digital currencies: a bibliometric analysishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2023-0270/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestWe aim to conduct a bibliometric analysis that explores and maps quantitative data of the emerging field of central bank digital currencies in science and its implications in practice. We seek to clarify the underlying research structures and streams of the new phenomena, and our motivation is the rising number of pilots between governments seeking to implement different types of central bank digital currency. We designed the unique set of keywords to explore ongoing projects on central bank digital currencies and the evolution of scientific thought on the topic. We conducted a descriptive analysis and an evaluating bibliometric analysis on the timeline from 2018 to April 18, 2023 and investigated 76 articles in the Web of Science database and 152 articles in the Scopus database using VOSviewer. We highlight three main directions of discourse on central bank digital currencies in economics using authors keyword analysis, that are: (1) cash, (2) monetary policy and (3) financial stability. We conducted a map-based text analysis of the abstracts and identified the following main streams of discussion in the field: (1) policy-related research on financial systems, (2) a comprehensive review of the design and features of central bank digital currencies and (3) research on the impact of central bank digital currencies on the banking system. The unique set of keywords allows us to continue the discourse on central bank digital currencies including implications of ongoing governmental projects on the topic and provide directions for future research. We brought the focus on the impact of central bank digital currencies on the banking sector and the new possible order for cash, deposits and payments.Development of central bank digital currencies: a bibliometric analysis
Evelina Kvedaravičiūtė, Alfreda Šapkauskienė
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

We aim to conduct a bibliometric analysis that explores and maps quantitative data of the emerging field of central bank digital currencies in science and its implications in practice. We seek to clarify the underlying research structures and streams of the new phenomena, and our motivation is the rising number of pilots between governments seeking to implement different types of central bank digital currency.

We designed the unique set of keywords to explore ongoing projects on central bank digital currencies and the evolution of scientific thought on the topic. We conducted a descriptive analysis and an evaluating bibliometric analysis on the timeline from 2018 to April 18, 2023 and investigated 76 articles in the Web of Science database and 152 articles in the Scopus database using VOSviewer.

We highlight three main directions of discourse on central bank digital currencies in economics using authors keyword analysis, that are: (1) cash, (2) monetary policy and (3) financial stability. We conducted a map-based text analysis of the abstracts and identified the following main streams of discussion in the field: (1) policy-related research on financial systems, (2) a comprehensive review of the design and features of central bank digital currencies and (3) research on the impact of central bank digital currencies on the banking system.

The unique set of keywords allows us to continue the discourse on central bank digital currencies including implications of ongoing governmental projects on the topic and provide directions for future research. We brought the focus on the impact of central bank digital currencies on the banking sector and the new possible order for cash, deposits and payments.

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Development of central bank digital currencies: a bibliometric analysis10.1108/EMJB-10-2023-0270EuroMed Journal of Business2024-02-05© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedEvelina KvedaravičiūtėAlfreda ŠapkauskienėEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-0510.1108/EMJB-10-2023-0270https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2023-0270/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
The relationship between job redesigning, reskilling and upskilling on organizational agilityhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2023-0279/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research explores the link between job redesign and skilling in three Lebanese service provider industries, aiming to understand how these factors affect organizational agility, a crucial factor for efficiency and effectiveness and promote long-term interventions through job redesign, upskilling and reskilling. This study employed two surveys, one for personnel (employees) and one for human aid managers (HR managers). These surveys collected data from 384 employees and 67 HR managers. The study utilized a work design questionnaire (WDQ), skilling application evaluation and the change acceptance model and testing to evaluate job redesign, skilling application effectiveness, technology acceptance and change readiness. It was revealed that there is a significant and positive relationship between job redesign and the application of skilling programs. This relationship was shown to enhance organizational agility, with a particular focus on employees' technology acceptance and readiness for change. The integrated framework that combines job redesign, upskilling and reskilling was empirically tested and found to enable organizations to build their agility. The study also identified challenges and offered solutions for implementation, emphasizing the importance of employee responsiveness. This research emphasizes the need for organizations to adapt job designs and enhance employee skills to enhance organizational agility, recommending a structured approach that combines job redesign and skill development efforts. This research integrates job redesign, upskilling and reskilling in Lebanese service provider industries, contributing to organizational change and workforce development. It emphasizes technology acceptance and readiness for change.The relationship between job redesigning, reskilling and upskilling on organizational agility
Amani Fathi Jamal, Sam El Nemar, Georgia Sakka
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research explores the link between job redesign and skilling in three Lebanese service provider industries, aiming to understand how these factors affect organizational agility, a crucial factor for efficiency and effectiveness and promote long-term interventions through job redesign, upskilling and reskilling.

This study employed two surveys, one for personnel (employees) and one for human aid managers (HR managers). These surveys collected data from 384 employees and 67 HR managers. The study utilized a work design questionnaire (WDQ), skilling application evaluation and the change acceptance model and testing to evaluate job redesign, skilling application effectiveness, technology acceptance and change readiness.

It was revealed that there is a significant and positive relationship between job redesign and the application of skilling programs. This relationship was shown to enhance organizational agility, with a particular focus on employees' technology acceptance and readiness for change. The integrated framework that combines job redesign, upskilling and reskilling was empirically tested and found to enable organizations to build their agility. The study also identified challenges and offered solutions for implementation, emphasizing the importance of employee responsiveness.

This research emphasizes the need for organizations to adapt job designs and enhance employee skills to enhance organizational agility, recommending a structured approach that combines job redesign and skill development efforts.

This research integrates job redesign, upskilling and reskilling in Lebanese service provider industries, contributing to organizational change and workforce development. It emphasizes technology acceptance and readiness for change.

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The relationship between job redesigning, reskilling and upskilling on organizational agility10.1108/EMJB-10-2023-0279EuroMed Journal of Business2024-01-30© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedAmani Fathi JamalSam El NemarGeorgia SakkaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-3010.1108/EMJB-10-2023-0279https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2023-0279/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Exploring ageing consumers’ usage of content marketing, content typology and online brand advocacyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2023-0283/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestGiven the importance of the growing segmentation of ageing consumers and their increasing interaction with the Internet, digital marketing scholars are becoming more interested in this market. Prior research needs to pay more attention to this market in many contexts of digital marketing. This study aims to provide insights into ageing consumers’ content usage, content typology choices, and online brand advocacy (OBA). Semi-structured interviews were applied, and 16 consumers from Southern Europe aged 55+ were included. The interviews were transcribed and examined following the principles of content analysis. According to the research, older consumers display their usage and concerns regarding online content. They have different decision-making processes depending on whether they are purchasing products or services. Likewise, their choices of content typology vary based on the utilitarian or hedonic product category. This study contributes to the literature by providing insights into this growing segmentation and proposing an OBA framework for older consumers related to content marketing. Finally, the study suggests that older consumers are passive online and active offline brand advocates.Exploring ageing consumers’ usage of content marketing, content typology and online brand advocacy
Jitpisut Bubphapant, Amélia Brandão
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Given the importance of the growing segmentation of ageing consumers and their increasing interaction with the Internet, digital marketing scholars are becoming more interested in this market. Prior research needs to pay more attention to this market in many contexts of digital marketing. This study aims to provide insights into ageing consumers’ content usage, content typology choices, and online brand advocacy (OBA).

Semi-structured interviews were applied, and 16 consumers from Southern Europe aged 55+ were included. The interviews were transcribed and examined following the principles of content analysis.

According to the research, older consumers display their usage and concerns regarding online content. They have different decision-making processes depending on whether they are purchasing products or services. Likewise, their choices of content typology vary based on the utilitarian or hedonic product category.

This study contributes to the literature by providing insights into this growing segmentation and proposing an OBA framework for older consumers related to content marketing. Finally, the study suggests that older consumers are passive online and active offline brand advocates.

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Exploring ageing consumers’ usage of content marketing, content typology and online brand advocacy10.1108/EMJB-10-2023-0283EuroMed Journal of Business2024-03-22© 2024 Jitpisut Bubphapant and Amélia BrandãoJitpisut BubphapantAmélia BrandãoEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2210.1108/EMJB-10-2023-0283https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-10-2023-0283/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Jitpisut Bubphapant and Amélia Brandãohttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
A cluster's internationalization as a catalyst for its innovation system's access to global marketshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2020-0127/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe paper aims to illuminate the platform created by a cluster organization to facilitate its internationalization and thereby enhance its regional innovation system partners' competitiveness by providing access to global value chains and boosting innovativeness. The study draws upon the interaction approach, focusing on the interaction process, interaction partners, relationship atmosphere, and relationship environment. A qualitative study was conducted at Future Position X, a Swedish cluster organization. A total of 58 interviews were conducted, including 48 face-to-face in-depth interviews between 2017 and 2019 with six key informants at FPX, representatives from 28 SMEs, ten members of regional innovation systems to which FPX belongs, and four process leaders of regional and local networks, in addition to online interviews with ten members of the regional innovation systems conducted via Microsoft Teams in March 2021. The time span of the study provides a longitudinal perspective. The FPX cluster collaborates with actors in the quadruple helix, maintaining a mindset that has led to a number of new partner agreements in the global arena to secure the resources and expertise necessary for cluster activities, and thereby ensuring firms in FPX networks access to platforms for international expansion. Internationalization thus expands the cluster's knowledge base beyond the traditional environment of its member firms. Very few innovations arise from the isolated work of a lone genius. Instead, most innovation is achieved through complex, interactive, iterative and cumulative learning processes in which a variety of actors are involved. The FPX cluster organization's internationalization platform is therefore vital to the internationalization of its partners since cluster actors lack the time, resources, knowledge, experience, and networks required to break into international markets singlehandedly. This study suggests that, for practitioners and researchers alike, the growing importance and relevance of the regional innovation system cannot be overemphasized. It also holds policy and societal implications in that FPX's global network helps regional SMEs to internationalize, in addition to inspiring international firms to establish operations in the Gävleborg region, thereby helping to strengthen the overall GIS environment. Internationalization also expands the FPX cluster's knowledge base beyond the traditional environment of its firms, an example of this being the construction start of a Microsoft data centre in the region in 2020. FPX is financed through taxation and grant funding. By initiating projects, creating relationships and building collaborations, FPX thus contributes to collaboration between business, academia and the public sector. FPX also contributes to knowledge development of new technology by creating meeting places and networks around digital issues, such as GIS, AI, the IoT and blockchain technology. While earlier research has concentrated on endogenous gaps critical to cluster dynamics, comparatively little attention has been paid to exogenous gaps, i.e. linkages between regional clusters and innovation partners elsewhere in the world. This study showcases the richness of interactions in the cluster against the background of wider, global innovation interactions. Future research should examine other vital questions that remain unanswered, e.g. by measuring and exploring the extent to which regional innovation systems can contribute to long-term economic growth for society.A cluster's internationalization as a catalyst for its innovation system's access to global markets
Aihie Osarenkhoe, Daniella Fjellström
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The paper aims to illuminate the platform created by a cluster organization to facilitate its internationalization and thereby enhance its regional innovation system partners' competitiveness by providing access to global value chains and boosting innovativeness.

The study draws upon the interaction approach, focusing on the interaction process, interaction partners, relationship atmosphere, and relationship environment. A qualitative study was conducted at Future Position X, a Swedish cluster organization. A total of 58 interviews were conducted, including 48 face-to-face in-depth interviews between 2017 and 2019 with six key informants at FPX, representatives from 28 SMEs, ten members of regional innovation systems to which FPX belongs, and four process leaders of regional and local networks, in addition to online interviews with ten members of the regional innovation systems conducted via Microsoft Teams in March 2021. The time span of the study provides a longitudinal perspective.

The FPX cluster collaborates with actors in the quadruple helix, maintaining a mindset that has led to a number of new partner agreements in the global arena to secure the resources and expertise necessary for cluster activities, and thereby ensuring firms in FPX networks access to platforms for international expansion. Internationalization thus expands the cluster's knowledge base beyond the traditional environment of its member firms.

Very few innovations arise from the isolated work of a lone genius. Instead, most innovation is achieved through complex, interactive, iterative and cumulative learning processes in which a variety of actors are involved. The FPX cluster organization's internationalization platform is therefore vital to the internationalization of its partners since cluster actors lack the time, resources, knowledge, experience, and networks required to break into international markets singlehandedly.

This study suggests that, for practitioners and researchers alike, the growing importance and relevance of the regional innovation system cannot be overemphasized. It also holds policy and societal implications in that FPX's global network helps regional SMEs to internationalize, in addition to inspiring international firms to establish operations in the Gävleborg region, thereby helping to strengthen the overall GIS environment. Internationalization also expands the FPX cluster's knowledge base beyond the traditional environment of its firms, an example of this being the construction start of a Microsoft data centre in the region in 2020.

FPX is financed through taxation and grant funding. By initiating projects, creating relationships and building collaborations, FPX thus contributes to collaboration between business, academia and the public sector. FPX also contributes to knowledge development of new technology by creating meeting places and networks around digital issues, such as GIS, AI, the IoT and blockchain technology.

While earlier research has concentrated on endogenous gaps critical to cluster dynamics, comparatively little attention has been paid to exogenous gaps, i.e. linkages between regional clusters and innovation partners elsewhere in the world. This study showcases the richness of interactions in the cluster against the background of wider, global innovation interactions. Future research should examine other vital questions that remain unanswered, e.g. by measuring and exploring the extent to which regional innovation systems can contribute to long-term economic growth for society.

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A cluster's internationalization as a catalyst for its innovation system's access to global markets10.1108/EMJB-11-2020-0127EuroMed Journal of Business2022-06-28© 2022 Aihie Osarenkhoe and Daniella FjellströmAihie OsarenkhoeDaniella FjellströmEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-06-2810.1108/EMJB-11-2020-0127https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2020-0127/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Aihie Osarenkhoe and Daniella Fjellströmhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Loan portfolio structure: the impact of foreign and Islamic bankshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2021-0170/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to investigate the role of bank ownership (foreign versus domestic) and the type of service (Islamic versus conventional) on bank lending to large enterprises and small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Based on previous literature, the study proposes that foreign banks lend more to large enterprises and less to SMEs than domestic banks do. It also proposes that Islamic banks lend more to SMEs than conventional banks do. It utilizes unique hand-collected data of Jordanian banks from 2007 to 2018 to carry out its investigation. It applies regression estimation methods and propensity score matching to test its hypotheses. Consistent with prior empirical evidence, the findings show that foreign banks lend significantly less (more) to SMEs (large enterprises) than their domestic counterparts. However, the findings indicate that Islamic banks lend significantly less to SMEs than their conventional counterparts. Further analysis shows that Islamic banks operating in Jordan are ultimately owned by foreign investors hence their incentives to adopt full features of Islamic financial instruments are confounded by their incentives to utilize transaction lending technologies which in turn attenuates the expected positive impact of Islamic banking services on SMEs finance. This research provides novel evidence on the impact of Islamic banks on SMEs finance as the results suggest that the success of Islamic finance in bridging the gap of SMEs finance is conditional on embracing its full features.Loan portfolio structure: the impact of foreign and Islamic banks
Ghada Tayem
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to investigate the role of bank ownership (foreign versus domestic) and the type of service (Islamic versus conventional) on bank lending to large enterprises and small and medium enterprises (SMEs).

Based on previous literature, the study proposes that foreign banks lend more to large enterprises and less to SMEs than domestic banks do. It also proposes that Islamic banks lend more to SMEs than conventional banks do. It utilizes unique hand-collected data of Jordanian banks from 2007 to 2018 to carry out its investigation. It applies regression estimation methods and propensity score matching to test its hypotheses.

Consistent with prior empirical evidence, the findings show that foreign banks lend significantly less (more) to SMEs (large enterprises) than their domestic counterparts. However, the findings indicate that Islamic banks lend significantly less to SMEs than their conventional counterparts. Further analysis shows that Islamic banks operating in Jordan are ultimately owned by foreign investors hence their incentives to adopt full features of Islamic financial instruments are confounded by their incentives to utilize transaction lending technologies which in turn attenuates the expected positive impact of Islamic banking services on SMEs finance.

This research provides novel evidence on the impact of Islamic banks on SMEs finance as the results suggest that the success of Islamic finance in bridging the gap of SMEs finance is conditional on embracing its full features.

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Loan portfolio structure: the impact of foreign and Islamic banks10.1108/EMJB-11-2021-0170EuroMed Journal of Business2022-08-09© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedGhada TayemEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-0910.1108/EMJB-11-2021-0170https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2021-0170/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Investigating the performance of European banks using non-parametric techniques: the role of performing loans efficiencyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2022-0202/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe scope of this research is to investigate performing loan efficiency for fifty European banks during the period 2008–2017. The study is structured as a two-stage analysis of performing loan efficiency and its driving factors. In the first stage of the proposed methodology “Data Envelopment Analysis” is used to estimate performing loan efficiency for each bank included in the sample. A bootstrap statistical procedure enhances the findings. In the second stage, the impact of other factors on the efficiency scores of loan performance using tobit regression is investigated. The results are consistent with the findings of the individual banks' financial analyses. According to the findings of DEA implementation, the evaluated banks may enhance their cost efficiency by 39% on average. In addition, the results indicate that loan efficiency performance improves after 2015, coinciding with the business cycle's upward trend. The tobit regression is employed in the second stage to examine the influence of bank-related and macroeconomic factors on banks' loan management efficiency. According to the findings of the tobit regression, three factors, namely the capital adequacy ratio, GDP per capita and managerial inefficiency, have a substantial influence on performing loan efficiency. This research investigates the effectiveness of European economic policy in protecting the European banking system from the consequences of the sovereign debt crisis in several euro area members. The results highlight the distance of the Eurozone from the level of the ‘optimal currency area’.Investigating the performance of European banks using non-parametric techniques: the role of performing loans efficiency
Augustinos I. Dimitras, Ioannis Dokas, Olga Mamou, Eleftherios Spyromitros
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The scope of this research is to investigate performing loan efficiency for fifty European banks during the period 2008–2017.

The study is structured as a two-stage analysis of performing loan efficiency and its driving factors. In the first stage of the proposed methodology “Data Envelopment Analysis” is used to estimate performing loan efficiency for each bank included in the sample. A bootstrap statistical procedure enhances the findings. In the second stage, the impact of other factors on the efficiency scores of loan performance using tobit regression is investigated.

The results are consistent with the findings of the individual banks' financial analyses. According to the findings of DEA implementation, the evaluated banks may enhance their cost efficiency by 39% on average. In addition, the results indicate that loan efficiency performance improves after 2015, coinciding with the business cycle's upward trend. The tobit regression is employed in the second stage to examine the influence of bank-related and macroeconomic factors on banks' loan management efficiency. According to the findings of the tobit regression, three factors, namely the capital adequacy ratio, GDP per capita and managerial inefficiency, have a substantial influence on performing loan efficiency.

This research investigates the effectiveness of European economic policy in protecting the European banking system from the consequences of the sovereign debt crisis in several euro area members. The results highlight the distance of the Eurozone from the level of the ‘optimal currency area’.

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Investigating the performance of European banks using non-parametric techniques: the role of performing loans efficiency10.1108/EMJB-11-2022-0202EuroMed Journal of Business2023-05-18© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAugustinos I. DimitrasIoannis DokasOlga MamouEleftherios SpyromitrosEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-05-1810.1108/EMJB-11-2022-0202https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2022-0202/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Decision making in human resources standard practices and change management innovation initiatives: the common destiny of being affected by biaseshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2022-0208/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis work aims to shed light on the cognitive biases that may have an influence on the strategic decision-making process, with a particular focus on those impacting both human resources (HR) standard activities within organizations and new innovative change management initiatives critical for them to survive. This is a conceptual paper based on a literature review on cognitive biases and managerial decision-making. The conceptual approach is employed to outline how subjective cognitive barriers can undermine managerial decisions and, in particular, the objectivity of HR practices and change management initiatives. The discussion emphasizes that cognitive biases are ever-present elements in the decision-making process of professionals, and they influence several areas of management including HR and change management. Limitations of the study concern the method adopted, as it is conceptual. The implications of the paper are relevant for supervisors and employees working in the HR and innovation/R&D departments in order to create awareness within the organizational contexts and limit the negative influence of these cognitive barriers during their daily activities. The research contributes to the knowledge on HR management and decision-making process by combining literature findings with practical examples and tips suggesting how to avoid biases in the decision-making process regarding HR and change management.Decision making in human resources standard practices and change management innovation initiatives: the common destiny of being affected by biases
Dario Natale Palmucci
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This work aims to shed light on the cognitive biases that may have an influence on the strategic decision-making process, with a particular focus on those impacting both human resources (HR) standard activities within organizations and new innovative change management initiatives critical for them to survive.

This is a conceptual paper based on a literature review on cognitive biases and managerial decision-making. The conceptual approach is employed to outline how subjective cognitive barriers can undermine managerial decisions and, in particular, the objectivity of HR practices and change management initiatives.

The discussion emphasizes that cognitive biases are ever-present elements in the decision-making process of professionals, and they influence several areas of management including HR and change management.

Limitations of the study concern the method adopted, as it is conceptual. The implications of the paper are relevant for supervisors and employees working in the HR and innovation/R&D departments in order to create awareness within the organizational contexts and limit the negative influence of these cognitive barriers during their daily activities.

The research contributes to the knowledge on HR management and decision-making process by combining literature findings with practical examples and tips suggesting how to avoid biases in the decision-making process regarding HR and change management.

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Decision making in human resources standard practices and change management innovation initiatives: the common destiny of being affected by biases10.1108/EMJB-11-2022-0208EuroMed Journal of Business2023-01-24© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedDario Natale PalmucciEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-01-2410.1108/EMJB-11-2022-0208https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2022-0208/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The evolution of integrated popular financial reporting: toward a digital-driven collaborative approach using sentiment analysis toolhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0298/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe research aims to provide a longitudinal case study to understand how digital transformation can be embedded in municipal reporting frameworks. The central role of such technology becomes increasingly evident as citizens demand greater transparency and engagement between them and governing institutions. Utilising a longitudinal case study methodology, the research focusses on Turin’s Integrated Popular Financial Report (IPFR) as a lens through which to evaluate the broader implications of digital transformation on governmental transparency and operational efficiency. Digital tools, notably sentiment analysis, offer promising avenues for enhancing governmental efficacy and citizenry participation. However, persistent challenges highlight the inadequacy of traditional, inflexible reporting structures to cater to dynamic informational demands. Embracing digital tools is an imperative for contemporary public administrators, promoting streamlined communication and dismantling bureaucratic obstructions, all while catering to the evolving demands of an informed citizenry. Different from previous studies that primarily emphasised technology’s role within budgeting, this research uniquely positions itself by spotlighting the transformative implications of digital tools during the reporting phase. It champions the profound value of fostering bottom-up dialogues, heralding a paradigmatic shift towards co-creative public management dynamics.The evolution of integrated popular financial reporting: toward a digital-driven collaborative approach using sentiment analysis tool
Paolo Biancone, Valerio Brescia, Federico Chmet, Federico Lanzalonga
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The research aims to provide a longitudinal case study to understand how digital transformation can be embedded in municipal reporting frameworks. The central role of such technology becomes increasingly evident as citizens demand greater transparency and engagement between them and governing institutions.

Utilising a longitudinal case study methodology, the research focusses on Turin’s Integrated Popular Financial Report (IPFR) as a lens through which to evaluate the broader implications of digital transformation on governmental transparency and operational efficiency.

Digital tools, notably sentiment analysis, offer promising avenues for enhancing governmental efficacy and citizenry participation. However, persistent challenges highlight the inadequacy of traditional, inflexible reporting structures to cater to dynamic informational demands.

Embracing digital tools is an imperative for contemporary public administrators, promoting streamlined communication and dismantling bureaucratic obstructions, all while catering to the evolving demands of an informed citizenry.

Different from previous studies that primarily emphasised technology’s role within budgeting, this research uniquely positions itself by spotlighting the transformative implications of digital tools during the reporting phase. It champions the profound value of fostering bottom-up dialogues, heralding a paradigmatic shift towards co-creative public management dynamics.

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The evolution of integrated popular financial reporting: toward a digital-driven collaborative approach using sentiment analysis tool10.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0298EuroMed Journal of Business2024-03-25© 2024 Paolo Biancone, Valerio Brescia, Federico Chmet and Federico LanzalongaPaolo BianconeValerio BresciaFederico ChmetFederico LanzalongaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2510.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0298https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0298/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Paolo Biancone, Valerio Brescia, Federico Chmet and Federico Lanzalongahttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Cashless payment: behavior changes and gender dynamics during the COVID-19 pandemichttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0299/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe objective of this study is to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the consumer payment behavior in Italy by correlating financial literacy with digital payment awareness, examining media anxiety and financial security, and including a gender analysis. Consumers’ attitudes toward cashless payments were investigated using an online survey conducted from November 2021 to February 2022 on a sample of 836 Italian citizens by considering the behavioral characteristics and aspects of financial literacy. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses and to determine whether the model was invariant by gender. The analysis showed that the fear of contracting COVID-19 and the level of financial literacy had a direct influence on the payment behavior of Italians, which was completely different in its weighting. Fear due to the spread of news regarding the pandemic in the media indirectly influenced consumers’ noncash attitude. The preliminary results of the gender multigroup analysis showed that cashless payment was the same in the male and female subpopulations. This research is noteworthy because of its interconnected examination. It examined the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on people’s payment choices, assessed their knowledge, and considered the influence of media-induced anxiety. By combining these factors, the study offered an analysis from a gender perspective, providing understanding of how financial behaviors were shaped during the pandemic.Cashless payment: behavior changes and gender dynamics during the COVID-19 pandemic
Elvira Anna Graziano, Flaminia Musella, Gerardo Petroccione
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the consumer payment behavior in Italy by correlating financial literacy with digital payment awareness, examining media anxiety and financial security, and including a gender analysis.

Consumers’ attitudes toward cashless payments were investigated using an online survey conducted from November 2021 to February 2022 on a sample of 836 Italian citizens by considering the behavioral characteristics and aspects of financial literacy. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses and to determine whether the model was invariant by gender.

The analysis showed that the fear of contracting COVID-19 and the level of financial literacy had a direct influence on the payment behavior of Italians, which was completely different in its weighting. Fear due to the spread of news regarding the pandemic in the media indirectly influenced consumers’ noncash attitude. The preliminary results of the gender multigroup analysis showed that cashless payment was the same in the male and female subpopulations.

This research is noteworthy because of its interconnected examination. It examined the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on people’s payment choices, assessed their knowledge, and considered the influence of media-induced anxiety. By combining these factors, the study offered an analysis from a gender perspective, providing understanding of how financial behaviors were shaped during the pandemic.

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Cashless payment: behavior changes and gender dynamics during the COVID-19 pandemic10.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0299EuroMed Journal of Business2024-03-14© 2024 Elvira Anna Graziano, Flaminia Musella and Gerardo PetroccioneElvira Anna GrazianoFlaminia MusellaGerardo PetroccioneEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-1410.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0299https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0299/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Elvira Anna Graziano, Flaminia Musella and Gerardo Petroccionehttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Digitalization in the event industry: a bibliometric analysishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0306/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe paper aims to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art of the event industry in the context of digitalization to understand how digital technologies change the event industry and what research topics are the most promising for further exploration. A bibliometric analysis of the existing body of knowledge on the topic was conducted and the results were visualized using CiteSpace 5.8.R3. A total of 1999 articles and proceeding papers from the Web of Science Core Collection published between 2007 and 2022 were selected for our analysis. Based on the articles and proceeding papers in the Web of Science Core Collection database, we selected a set of publications for our analysis. The data were obtained through specific keywords related to our research topic. The method involves a process of three main stages: data collection, data processing and the bibliometric analysis. Co-citation analysis indicated that issues of crowd management and tracking human mobility during mass events are important for the event industry and that technologies such as the Internet of Things, special-purpose mobile applications and systems make it easier for an event organizer to handle the issues. The findings demonstrated a weak scientific collaboration between countries in the topic studied and shift of research hotspots to study of satisfaction, motivation and behavioral patterns of events attendees. Based on this analysis, three directions for future research were revealed. The results should be interpreted in light of our sample, because the analysis was conducted within our sample which has boundaries. We collected data from all categories in the Web of Science Core Collection database, but we considered only articles and proceeding papers as opposed to all possible types of scientific publications and other databases. In the study, we focused on detecting the state-of-the-art of the event industry in the context of digitalization overall. More specific topics that could be analyzed remain, for example, the dependency of digital technologies from the event type, etc. This study reflects the state-of-the-art of the event industry in the context of digitalization. It provides researchers with key developmental trends in the event industry, which assists them in more deeply understanding the evolution of research hotspots in the field during last 15 years and defining future research agenda. The paper presents an overview of digital technologies used in various types of events and describes the issues and results related to the implementing digital technologies. The results obtained were extremely important, as they can be used by event managers and organizers to enhance customers’ experience during the events. This study reflects the state-of-the-art of the event industry in the context of digitalization. This is the first attempt to make an overall analysis of scientific papers published in the Web of Science Core Collection on the topic studied without excluding any categories. The search procedure is transparent, and the results can be reproduced in other search fields using the same approach. Based on this analysis, three directions for future research were revealed including technological aspects of online event-based social networks, issues of crowd management and security at mass events and issues of attendees’ acceptance of novel digital technologies.Digitalization in the event industry: a bibliometric analysis
Anastasia Romanova
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The paper aims to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art of the event industry in the context of digitalization to understand how digital technologies change the event industry and what research topics are the most promising for further exploration.

A bibliometric analysis of the existing body of knowledge on the topic was conducted and the results were visualized using CiteSpace 5.8.R3. A total of 1999 articles and proceeding papers from the Web of Science Core Collection published between 2007 and 2022 were selected for our analysis. Based on the articles and proceeding papers in the Web of Science Core Collection database, we selected a set of publications for our analysis. The data were obtained through specific keywords related to our research topic. The method involves a process of three main stages: data collection, data processing and the bibliometric analysis.

Co-citation analysis indicated that issues of crowd management and tracking human mobility during mass events are important for the event industry and that technologies such as the Internet of Things, special-purpose mobile applications and systems make it easier for an event organizer to handle the issues. The findings demonstrated a weak scientific collaboration between countries in the topic studied and shift of research hotspots to study of satisfaction, motivation and behavioral patterns of events attendees. Based on this analysis, three directions for future research were revealed.

The results should be interpreted in light of our sample, because the analysis was conducted within our sample which has boundaries. We collected data from all categories in the Web of Science Core Collection database, but we considered only articles and proceeding papers as opposed to all possible types of scientific publications and other databases. In the study, we focused on detecting the state-of-the-art of the event industry in the context of digitalization overall. More specific topics that could be analyzed remain, for example, the dependency of digital technologies from the event type, etc.

This study reflects the state-of-the-art of the event industry in the context of digitalization. It provides researchers with key developmental trends in the event industry, which assists them in more deeply understanding the evolution of research hotspots in the field during last 15 years and defining future research agenda. The paper presents an overview of digital technologies used in various types of events and describes the issues and results related to the implementing digital technologies. The results obtained were extremely important, as they can be used by event managers and organizers to enhance customers’ experience during the events.

This study reflects the state-of-the-art of the event industry in the context of digitalization. This is the first attempt to make an overall analysis of scientific papers published in the Web of Science Core Collection on the topic studied without excluding any categories. The search procedure is transparent, and the results can be reproduced in other search fields using the same approach. Based on this analysis, three directions for future research were revealed including technological aspects of online event-based social networks, issues of crowd management and security at mass events and issues of attendees’ acceptance of novel digital technologies.

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Digitalization in the event industry: a bibliometric analysis10.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0306EuroMed Journal of Business2024-02-13© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedAnastasia RomanovaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1310.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0306https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0306/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Charting the progress of technology adoption in tourism and hospitality in the era of industry 4.0https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0310/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestAmidst ongoing digital transformation, the current paper provides a 360-degree overview of technology-adoption in Tourism and Hospitality. By combining and consolidating a wide range of sources, mainly in the tourism literature, the analysis depicts how the complex technological ecosystem often enhances or hinders the successful adoption, integration and interoperability of different technologies. The critical review method was used to assess, analyse and synthesise existing literature in the area of digitisation in tourism and hospitality. The critical review process included a thematic analysis of the literature, where recurring themes, patterns and trends were identified towards addressing the study’s research questions. The analysis identifies current trends, opportunities, challenges and strategies for technology adoption in tourism and hospitality, the implications for theory, practicable executive directions and avenues for further research. The paper’s main contribution lies in its comprehensive identification, consideration and incorporation of all primary contemporary technological elements, and the ensuing development of a corresponding conceptual charting framework, which illustrates a multifaceted process with practical implications for various stakeholders, including businesses, authorities, consumers and employees.Charting the progress of technology adoption in tourism and hospitality in the era of industry 4.0
Dimitrios Buhalis, Leonidas Efthymiou, Naziyet Uzunboylu, Alkis Thrassou
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Amidst ongoing digital transformation, the current paper provides a 360-degree overview of technology-adoption in Tourism and Hospitality. By combining and consolidating a wide range of sources, mainly in the tourism literature, the analysis depicts how the complex technological ecosystem often enhances or hinders the successful adoption, integration and interoperability of different technologies.

The critical review method was used to assess, analyse and synthesise existing literature in the area of digitisation in tourism and hospitality. The critical review process included a thematic analysis of the literature, where recurring themes, patterns and trends were identified towards addressing the study’s research questions.

The analysis identifies current trends, opportunities, challenges and strategies for technology adoption in tourism and hospitality, the implications for theory, practicable executive directions and avenues for further research.

The paper’s main contribution lies in its comprehensive identification, consideration and incorporation of all primary contemporary technological elements, and the ensuing development of a corresponding conceptual charting framework, which illustrates a multifaceted process with practical implications for various stakeholders, including businesses, authorities, consumers and employees.

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Charting the progress of technology adoption in tourism and hospitality in the era of industry 4.010.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0310EuroMed Journal of Business2024-03-19© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedDimitrios BuhalisLeonidas EfthymiouNaziyet UzunboyluAlkis ThrassouEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-1910.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0310https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-11-2023-0310/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
The mediating role of real earnings management in the relationship between CSR practices and cost of equity: evidence from European ESG datahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0183/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe goal of this article was to look into the direct and indirect links between corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and the cost of equity, using real earnings management (REM) as a mediator. To test the hypotheses, the authors applied linear regressions with panel data using the Thomson Reuters ASSET4 and I/B/E/S database on a sample of 540 European companies selected from the environmental, social and governance (ESG) index over the period 2011–2019. The results show that REM partially mediates the relationship between CSR practices and the cost of equity in European firms belonging to the ESG index. Instead of beautifying their business, companies should make efficient managerial and organizational improvements to meet their social duty. Regulators in Europe must strive for tighter enforcement while also attempting to raise public awareness of CSR. CSR can be profitable and helpful for primary stakeholders, according to the research. Although previous literature has investigated the direct correlation between CSR practices and the cost of equity, the present work focuses on considering the direct and indirect association between CSR and cost of equity through the mediating effect of REM, which has not been widely used in CSR studies so far.The mediating role of real earnings management in the relationship between CSR practices and cost of equity: evidence from European ESG data
Yamina Chouaibi, Ghazi Zouari
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The goal of this article was to look into the direct and indirect links between corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and the cost of equity, using real earnings management (REM) as a mediator.

To test the hypotheses, the authors applied linear regressions with panel data using the Thomson Reuters ASSET4 and I/B/E/S database on a sample of 540 European companies selected from the environmental, social and governance (ESG) index over the period 2011–2019.

The results show that REM partially mediates the relationship between CSR practices and the cost of equity in European firms belonging to the ESG index.

Instead of beautifying their business, companies should make efficient managerial and organizational improvements to meet their social duty. Regulators in Europe must strive for tighter enforcement while also attempting to raise public awareness of CSR. CSR can be profitable and helpful for primary stakeholders, according to the research.

Although previous literature has investigated the direct correlation between CSR practices and the cost of equity, the present work focuses on considering the direct and indirect association between CSR and cost of equity through the mediating effect of REM, which has not been widely used in CSR studies so far.

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The mediating role of real earnings management in the relationship between CSR practices and cost of equity: evidence from European ESG data10.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0183EuroMed Journal of Business2022-07-21© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedYamina ChouaibiGhazi ZouariEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-07-2110.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0183https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0183/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Capital structure in family firms: the role of innovation activity and institutional investorshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0191/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThere is still an ongoing debate on the value relevance of capital structure and its determinants. Recently the issue has been explored in family firms after being explored in mature firms. This paper investigates the role of institutional investors and the firm's innovation activity in influencing the firm's decision and ability to acquire debt capital. A large sample of 700 privately-held family firms in Italy from 2010 to 2019. Two analysis techniques are used: panel analysis and path analysis. The value of debt and the debt ratio are used as leverage measures. The value of patent (as a proxy for innovation) and institutional investor are the explanatory variables. The results show that institutional investors have no relationship with financial leverage measures except when controlling for an interaction variable (Institutional investors × Lombardy region). The patent value is positively correlated with debt; however, the ratio patent-to-asset is negatively related to financial leverage indicating higher risk exposure. The nonlinearity test demonstrates a turning point when the relationship between patent value and debt inverts. Firms should monitor their innovation activity since excessive innovation increases risk exposure and affects financing opportunities and value. The involvement of institutional investors does not always enhance value. Existing literature focuses separately on family firm innovations and financial leverage as outcome variables, emphasizing the role of institutional investors in both fields by adopting agency theory and socioemotional wealth framework. In this study, the authors go further by merging both relationships, investigating the dynamics of the institutional-family firm innovation relationship in influencing the firm's capital structure. The authors contribute to the ongoing debate by providing original findings on capital structure, governance and innovation, supported by rigorous methods to enhance family firms' decision-making.Capital structure in family firms: the role of innovation activity and institutional investors
Murad Harasheh, Alessandro Capocchi, Andrea Amaduzzi
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

There is still an ongoing debate on the value relevance of capital structure and its determinants. Recently the issue has been explored in family firms after being explored in mature firms. This paper investigates the role of institutional investors and the firm's innovation activity in influencing the firm's decision and ability to acquire debt capital.

A large sample of 700 privately-held family firms in Italy from 2010 to 2019. Two analysis techniques are used: panel analysis and path analysis. The value of debt and the debt ratio are used as leverage measures. The value of patent (as a proxy for innovation) and institutional investor are the explanatory variables.

The results show that institutional investors have no relationship with financial leverage measures except when controlling for an interaction variable (Institutional investors × Lombardy region). The patent value is positively correlated with debt; however, the ratio patent-to-asset is negatively related to financial leverage indicating higher risk exposure. The nonlinearity test demonstrates a turning point when the relationship between patent value and debt inverts.

Firms should monitor their innovation activity since excessive innovation increases risk exposure and affects financing opportunities and value. The involvement of institutional investors does not always enhance value.

Existing literature focuses separately on family firm innovations and financial leverage as outcome variables, emphasizing the role of institutional investors in both fields by adopting agency theory and socioemotional wealth framework. In this study, the authors go further by merging both relationships, investigating the dynamics of the institutional-family firm innovation relationship in influencing the firm's capital structure. The authors contribute to the ongoing debate by providing original findings on capital structure, governance and innovation, supported by rigorous methods to enhance family firms' decision-making.

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Capital structure in family firms: the role of innovation activity and institutional investors10.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0191EuroMed Journal of Business2022-06-27© 2022 Murad Harasheh, Alessandro Capocchi and Andrea AmaduzziMurad HarashehAlessandro CapocchiAndrea AmaduzziEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-06-2710.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0191https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0191/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Murad Harasheh, Alessandro Capocchi and Andrea Amaduzzihttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Moderating effect of CEO power on institutional ownership and performancehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0193/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study examines the impact of institutional ownership (IO) on firm performance. It also investigates whether powerful CEOs using a “CEO score index” moderate IO and firm performance nexus by drawing on insights from the agency and resource dependency theories. Data were obtained from annual reports of companies listed on the Palestine Security Exchange from 2009 to 2019. Panel data regressions were conducted based on 528 observations. In addition, this study repeated the analysis using a one-step generalized method of moments (GMM) and two-stage least squares analysis to deal with the endogeneity issue. Results show that IO and CEO power is positively associated with firm performance. Besides, it has been established that CEO power strengthens the relationship between IO and performance. Thus, this can be summarized that IO improves firm performance; however, with the powerful CEO intervention, the performance will improve even more. Studying IO is timely given since the type of ownership is paramount to identify which form of a high degree of ownership affects the performance negatively, especially, in the Palestine environment which is dominated by institutional investors. This is of great importance to the investors as it will enable them to identify the type of firms to which they can commit their funds, and which firm excels through the CEO power. Besides, the inconsistency results in previous literature on IO, and firm performance indicates that there is an indirect effect that needs alternative explanations.Moderating effect of CEO power on institutional ownership and performance
Mohammed W.A. Saleh, Derar Eleyan, Zaharaddeen Salisu Maigoshi
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study examines the impact of institutional ownership (IO) on firm performance. It also investigates whether powerful CEOs using a “CEO score index” moderate IO and firm performance nexus by drawing on insights from the agency and resource dependency theories.

Data were obtained from annual reports of companies listed on the Palestine Security Exchange from 2009 to 2019. Panel data regressions were conducted based on 528 observations. In addition, this study repeated the analysis using a one-step generalized method of moments (GMM) and two-stage least squares analysis to deal with the endogeneity issue.

Results show that IO and CEO power is positively associated with firm performance. Besides, it has been established that CEO power strengthens the relationship between IO and performance. Thus, this can be summarized that IO improves firm performance; however, with the powerful CEO intervention, the performance will improve even more.

Studying IO is timely given since the type of ownership is paramount to identify which form of a high degree of ownership affects the performance negatively, especially, in the Palestine environment which is dominated by institutional investors. This is of great importance to the investors as it will enable them to identify the type of firms to which they can commit their funds, and which firm excels through the CEO power. Besides, the inconsistency results in previous literature on IO, and firm performance indicates that there is an indirect effect that needs alternative explanations.

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Moderating effect of CEO power on institutional ownership and performance10.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0193EuroMed Journal of Business2022-08-11© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMohammed W.A. SalehDerar EleyanZaharaddeen Salisu MaigoshiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-1110.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0193https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0193/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The PSICHE framework for sustainable consumption and future research directionshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0199/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestConsidering the relevance of understanding what influences environmentally sustainable consumer choices, the present study aims to examine and synthesize the key determinants factors from literature and outline a new conceptual framework for explaining green purchasing behaviors (GPBs). A bibliometric analysis was conducted on 161 articles extracted from Web of Science and Scopus databases, which were systematically evaluated and reviewed, and represent the current GPB knowledge base. Content analysis, science mapping and bibliometric analysis techniques were applied to uncover the major theories and constructs from the state-of-the-art. The evolving debate between altruistic and self-interest consumer motivations reveals challenges for rational-based theories, as most empirical applications are not focused on buying behaviors, but instead either on pro-environmental (non-buying) activities or on buying intentions. From the subset of leading contributions and emerging topics, nine thematic clusters are unveiled in this investigation, which were combined to create the new PSICHE framework with the purpose of predicting GPB: (P)roduct-related factors, (S)ocial influences, (I)ndividual factors, (C)oncerns about the environment, (H)abits and (E)motions. By uncovering the multiple intervening factors in GPB decision processes, this study will assist practitioners and academics to move forward on how to foster more sustainable consumer behaviors. The present study provides readers a summary of an unprecedentedly broad collection of papers, from which the key themes are categorized, the domain's intellectual structure is captured and an actionable framework for enhancing the understanding GPB is proposed. Four new thrust areas and a set of future research questions are included.The PSICHE framework for sustainable consumption and future research directions
Jorge Nascimento, Sandra Maria Correia Loureiro
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Considering the relevance of understanding what influences environmentally sustainable consumer choices, the present study aims to examine and synthesize the key determinants factors from literature and outline a new conceptual framework for explaining green purchasing behaviors (GPBs).

A bibliometric analysis was conducted on 161 articles extracted from Web of Science and Scopus databases, which were systematically evaluated and reviewed, and represent the current GPB knowledge base. Content analysis, science mapping and bibliometric analysis techniques were applied to uncover the major theories and constructs from the state-of-the-art.

The evolving debate between altruistic and self-interest consumer motivations reveals challenges for rational-based theories, as most empirical applications are not focused on buying behaviors, but instead either on pro-environmental (non-buying) activities or on buying intentions. From the subset of leading contributions and emerging topics, nine thematic clusters are unveiled in this investigation, which were combined to create the new PSICHE framework with the purpose of predicting GPB: (P)roduct-related factors, (S)ocial influences, (I)ndividual factors, (C)oncerns about the environment, (H)abits and (E)motions.

By uncovering the multiple intervening factors in GPB decision processes, this study will assist practitioners and academics to move forward on how to foster more sustainable consumer behaviors.

The present study provides readers a summary of an unprecedentedly broad collection of papers, from which the key themes are categorized, the domain's intellectual structure is captured and an actionable framework for enhancing the understanding GPB is proposed. Four new thrust areas and a set of future research questions are included.

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The PSICHE framework for sustainable consumption and future research directions10.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0199EuroMed Journal of Business2022-09-16© 2022 Jorge Nascimento and Sandra Maria Correia LoureiroJorge NascimentoSandra Maria Correia LoureiroEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-1610.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0199https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2021-0199/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Jorge Nascimento and Sandra Maria Correia Loureirohttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Role of passion in entrepreneurial responses to crises on social media platformshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2022-0210/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study examines the role of passion in gender-specific entrepreneurial responses in times of crises and how passion manifests itself in a digital environment. Entrepreneurial passion feeds energy, tenacity, self-confidence and momentum, creating added value for a given economy. A qualitative approach was used to conduct semi-structured interviews. To reach the research objectives, the author examined a sample of 22 female entrepreneurs and 19 male entrepreneurs in a comparative design. The results obtained through a qualitative study prove that entrepreneurial passion is a driver of self-confidence for entrepreneurs. Moreover, the nature of entrepreneurial passion differs across gender in times of crises. Indeed, female entrepreneurs try to take their lives into their own hands by creating their own destinies. They have seized opportunities arising from purely technological progress to create their own businesses on social networks and solve the unemployment problem. Meanwhile, male entrepreneurs pursue opportunities based on market supply and demand to increase their market share and face a crisis. These findings offer novel insights into research on social media entrepreneurs. This study could help new entrepreneurs highlight their abilities, particularly those that are most salient and central. This study adds a new dimension to the literature on the role and nature of entrepreneurial passion in times of crises.Role of passion in entrepreneurial responses to crises on social media platforms
Samira Boussema
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study examines the role of passion in gender-specific entrepreneurial responses in times of crises and how passion manifests itself in a digital environment. Entrepreneurial passion feeds energy, tenacity, self-confidence and momentum, creating added value for a given economy.

A qualitative approach was used to conduct semi-structured interviews. To reach the research objectives, the author examined a sample of 22 female entrepreneurs and 19 male entrepreneurs in a comparative design.

The results obtained through a qualitative study prove that entrepreneurial passion is a driver of self-confidence for entrepreneurs. Moreover, the nature of entrepreneurial passion differs across gender in times of crises. Indeed, female entrepreneurs try to take their lives into their own hands by creating their own destinies. They have seized opportunities arising from purely technological progress to create their own businesses on social networks and solve the unemployment problem. Meanwhile, male entrepreneurs pursue opportunities based on market supply and demand to increase their market share and face a crisis.

These findings offer novel insights into research on social media entrepreneurs. This study could help new entrepreneurs highlight their abilities, particularly those that are most salient and central.

This study adds a new dimension to the literature on the role and nature of entrepreneurial passion in times of crises.

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Role of passion in entrepreneurial responses to crises on social media platforms10.1108/EMJB-12-2022-0210EuroMed Journal of Business2023-08-22© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedSamira BoussemaEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-2210.1108/EMJB-12-2022-0210https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2022-0210/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The role of endomarketing in human capital management: a study applied to the Minho Urban Quadrilateralhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2022-0212/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe aim of this paper is to understand the importance of endomarketing in organizations and whether internal strategies are essential in the management of human capital. Especially, it is intended to understand what kind of policies is adopted in the organizations the authors are dealing with, and also the perception that employees have about them. The methodology adopted combines a quantitative and qualitative approach, based on documents analysis, and the survey and semi-structured interviews with questions alluding to endomarketing. The study was carried out in the (Portuguese) cities belonging to the Minho Quadrilateral, being Braga, Barcelos, Guimarães and Vila Nova de Famalicão, in which a total of five organizations are held. The results seem to show that endomarketing has an essential role in human capital management, in particular, to obtain both individual and organizational results, where there is a mutual relationship. Of the 158 respondents that make up the sample, it was concluded that 78.5% considered the intrinsic factors related to well-being and happiness as important as the extrinsic factors related to monetary rewards. The manuscript presents insights for internal marketing and human resource management (i.e. motivation and human capital). Based on the rapid and profound technological changes of the early 21st century, the concept of endomarketing emerged stimulated by globalization and by the greater concern to adopt strategies that were able to differentiate organizations in the markets. This is an interdisciplinary theme, with contributions to both internal marketing and human resource management, bearing in mind to enhancing the value and well-being of organizational human capital. This study aims to contribute to the development of scientific knowledge in this area that is so relevant for growth and differentiation.The role of endomarketing in human capital management: a study applied to the Minho Urban Quadrilateral
Patrícia Micaela Fernandes, Bruno Barbosa Sousa, Cláudia Miranda Veloso, Marco Valeri
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The aim of this paper is to understand the importance of endomarketing in organizations and whether internal strategies are essential in the management of human capital. Especially, it is intended to understand what kind of policies is adopted in the organizations the authors are dealing with, and also the perception that employees have about them.

The methodology adopted combines a quantitative and qualitative approach, based on documents analysis, and the survey and semi-structured interviews with questions alluding to endomarketing. The study was carried out in the (Portuguese) cities belonging to the Minho Quadrilateral, being Braga, Barcelos, Guimarães and Vila Nova de Famalicão, in which a total of five organizations are held.

The results seem to show that endomarketing has an essential role in human capital management, in particular, to obtain both individual and organizational results, where there is a mutual relationship. Of the 158 respondents that make up the sample, it was concluded that 78.5% considered the intrinsic factors related to well-being and happiness as important as the extrinsic factors related to monetary rewards.

The manuscript presents insights for internal marketing and human resource management (i.e. motivation and human capital). Based on the rapid and profound technological changes of the early 21st century, the concept of endomarketing emerged stimulated by globalization and by the greater concern to adopt strategies that were able to differentiate organizations in the markets.

This is an interdisciplinary theme, with contributions to both internal marketing and human resource management, bearing in mind to enhancing the value and well-being of organizational human capital. This study aims to contribute to the development of scientific knowledge in this area that is so relevant for growth and differentiation.

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The role of endomarketing in human capital management: a study applied to the Minho Urban Quadrilateral10.1108/EMJB-12-2022-0212EuroMed Journal of Business2023-03-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedPatrícia Micaela FernandesBruno Barbosa SousaCláudia Miranda VelosoMarco ValeriEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-2810.1108/EMJB-12-2022-0212https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2022-0212/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The moderating role of tax avoidance on CSR and stock price volatility for oil and gas firmshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2022-0215/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study examines the impact of CSR (corporate social responsibility) on stock price volatility of oil and gas firms and, then identifies the moderating role of tax avoidance. To achieve the study's purposes, 330 observations are extracted from 30 oil and gas firms for the period between 2010 and 2020, and the estimation method of the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) is used. Actually, the CSR is proxied using the ESG (environmental, social, and governance) score, and the stock price volatility is measured by the degree of stock price variations over 12 months, according to the last 52 week's price. The main findings indicate that CSR negatively impacts the stock price volatility. Nonetheless, this negative relationship is moderated positively by tax avoidance. This result is robust to the variation in the measure of volatility, namely the systematic risk. This research is helpful for investors to manage their portfolio risk as this article highlights the importance of engaging in sustainable development to reduce financial risk. This study also helps regulators and policymakers, such as environmental agencies and tax authorities, to reassess their control with oil and gas firms and record them according to their CSR practices, because this article emphasizes that it is not fair to pay taxes and engage in CSR practices at the same time. The impact of CSR on stock price volatility is widely treated for firms. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that may affect this relationship are still seldom discussed. This study attempts to examine the impact of tax avoidance on the CSR–stock price volatility relationship for the oil and gas industry.The moderating role of tax avoidance on CSR and stock price volatility for oil and gas firms
Ones Amri, Hasna Chaibi
EuroMed Journal of Business, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study examines the impact of CSR (corporate social responsibility) on stock price volatility of oil and gas firms and, then identifies the moderating role of tax avoidance.

To achieve the study's purposes, 330 observations are extracted from 30 oil and gas firms for the period between 2010 and 2020, and the estimation method of the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) is used. Actually, the CSR is proxied using the ESG (environmental, social, and governance) score, and the stock price volatility is measured by the degree of stock price variations over 12 months, according to the last 52 week's price.

The main findings indicate that CSR negatively impacts the stock price volatility. Nonetheless, this negative relationship is moderated positively by tax avoidance. This result is robust to the variation in the measure of volatility, namely the systematic risk.

This research is helpful for investors to manage their portfolio risk as this article highlights the importance of engaging in sustainable development to reduce financial risk. This study also helps regulators and policymakers, such as environmental agencies and tax authorities, to reassess their control with oil and gas firms and record them according to their CSR practices, because this article emphasizes that it is not fair to pay taxes and engage in CSR practices at the same time.

The impact of CSR on stock price volatility is widely treated for firms. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that may affect this relationship are still seldom discussed. This study attempts to examine the impact of tax avoidance on the CSR–stock price volatility relationship for the oil and gas industry.

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The moderating role of tax avoidance on CSR and stock price volatility for oil and gas firms10.1108/EMJB-12-2022-0215EuroMed Journal of Business2023-10-10© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedOnes AmriHasna ChaibiEuroMed Journal of Businessahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-1010.1108/EMJB-12-2022-0215https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EMJB-12-2022-0215/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited