http://www.emeraldinsight.com/1479-3709.htm Table of contents from the most recently published volume of Advances in Bioethics Book series en-gb Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 2007 Emerald Group Publishing Limited editorial@emeraldinsight.com support@emeraldinsight.com 60 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/common_assets/img/covers_book/1479-3709.gif http://www.emeraldinsight.com/1479-3709.htm 120 157 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&chapterid=1761138&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11001-3 Chapter literatinetwork@emeraldinsight.com (Wayne Shelton) Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&chapterid=1761139&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11002-5 Chapter literatinetwork@emeraldinsight.com (Joel Frader) Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&chapterid=1761140&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11003-7 Chapter literatinetwork@emeraldinsight.com (Jane Forman, Laura Damschroder) Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&chapterid=1761142&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11005-0 Focus groups can provide a rich and meaningful context in which to explore diverse bioethics topics. They are particularly useful for describing people's experiences of and/or attitudes toward specific ethical conundrums, but can also be used to identify ethics training needs among medical professionals, evaluate ethics programs and consent processes, and stimulate patient advocacy. This chapter discusses these and other applications of focus group methodology. It examines how to ethically and practically plan and recruit for, conduct, and analyze the results of focus groups. The place of focus groups among other qualitative research methods is also discussed. Chapter literatinetwork@emeraldinsight.com (Christian M. Simon, Maghboeba Mosavel) Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&chapterid=1761141&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11004-9 Ethnography is a qualitative, naturalistic research method derived from the anthropological tradition. Ethnography uses participant observation supplemented by other research methods to gain holistic understandings of cultural groups’ beliefs and behaviors. Ethnography contributes to bioethics by: (1) locating bioethical dilemmas in their social, political, economic, and ideological contexts; (2) explicating the beliefs and behaviors of involved individuals; (3) making tacit knowledge explicit; (4) highlighting differences between ideal norms and actual behaviors; (5) identifying previously unrecognized phenomena; and (6) generating new questions for research. More comparative and longitudinal ethnographic research can contribute to better understanding of and responses to bioethical dilemmas. Chapter literatinetwork@emeraldinsight.com (Elisa J. Gordon, Betty Wolder Levin) Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&chapterid=1761143&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11006-2 In this chapter, we present semi-structured interviewing as an adaptable method useful in bioethics research to gather data for issues of concern to researchers in the field. We discuss the theory and practice behind developing the interview guide, the logistics of managing a semi-structured interview-based research project, developing and applying a codebook, and data analysis. Throughout the chapter we use examples from empirical bioethics literature. Chapter literatinetwork@emeraldinsight.com (Pamela Sankar, Nora L. Jones) Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&chapterid=1761144&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11007-4 Surveys about ethically important topics, when successfully conducted and analyzed, can offer important contributions to bioethics and, more broadly, to health policy and clinical care. But there is a dynamic interplay between the quantitative nature of surveys and the normative theories that survey data challenge and inform. Careful attention to the development of an appropriate research question and survey design can be the difference between an important study that makes fundamental contributions and one that is perceived as irrelevant to ethical analysis, health policy, or clinical practice. This chapter presents ways to enhance the rigor and relevance of surveys in bioethics through careful planning and attentiveness in survey development, fielding, and analysis and presentation of data. Chapter literatinetwork@emeraldinsight.com (G. Caleb Alexander, Matthew K. Wynia) Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&chapterid=1761145&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11008-6 Hypothetical vignettes have been used as a research method in the social sciences for many years and are useful for examining and understanding ethical problems in clinical practice, research, and policy. This chapter provides an overview of the value of vignettes in empirical bioethics research, discusses how to develop and utilize vignettes when considering ethics-related research questions, and reviews strategies for evaluating psychometric properties. We provide examples of vignettes and how they have been used in bioethics research, and examine their relevance to advancing bioethics. The chapter concludes with the general strengths and limitations of hypothetical vignettes and how these should be considered. Chapter literatinetwork@emeraldinsight.com (Connie M. Ulrich, Sarah J. Ratcliffe) Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&chapterid=1761147&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11010-4 Deliberative procedures can be useful when researchers need (a) an informed opinion that is difficult to obtain using other methods, (b) individual opinions that will benefit from group discussion and insight, and/or (c) group judgments because the issue at hand affects groups, communities, or citizens qua citizens. Deliberations generally gather non-professional members of the public to discuss, deliberate, and learn about a topic, often forming a policy recommendation or casting an informed vote. Researchers can collect data on these recommendations, and/or individuals’ preexisting or post hoc knowledge or opinions. This chapter presents examples of deliberative methods and how they may inform bioethical perspectives and reviews methodological issues deserving special attention. Chapter literatinetwork@emeraldinsight.com (Susan Dorr Goold, Laura Damschroder, Nancy Baum) Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&chapterid=1761146&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11009-8 This chapter discusses the role of intervention research in bioethical inquiry. Although many ethical questions of interest are not appropriate for intervention research, some questions can only be answered using experimental or quasi-experimental designs. The critical characteristics of intervention research are identified and strengths of this method are described. Threats to internal validity and external validity are discussed and applied to a case example in bioethical research. Several recent intervention studies that were federally funded in the area of informed consent are discussed, and recommendations for future intervention research are presented. Chapter literatinetwork@emeraldinsight.com (Marion E. Broome) Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&articleid=1761149&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11012-8 Index Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&articleid=1761148&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11011-6 Personal Report Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&articleid=1761150&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11013-X Editorial literatinetwork@emeraldinsight.com (Liva Jacoby, Laura A. Siminoff) Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/books.htm?issn=1479-3709&volume=11&articleid=1761151&show=abstract http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11014-1 Index Wed, 05 Dec 2007 00:00:00 +0000