Journal of Public Mental HealthTable of Contents for Journal of Public Mental Health. List of articles from the current issue, including Just Accepted (EarlyCite)https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/1746-5729/vol/22/iss/4?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestJournal of Public Mental HealthEmerald Publishing LimitedJournal of Public Mental HealthJournal of Public Mental Healthhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/proxy/containerImg?link=/resource/publication/journal/d14cd1c1203698b4d08e3ac1b91615bd/urn:emeraldgroup.com:asset:id:binary:jpmh.cover.jpghttps://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/1746-5729/vol/22/iss/4?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestService user participation in decision-making – a qualitative study from a services user’s perspectivehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-12-2022-0129/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to describe participation in decision-making among service users with severe mental illness. Service users want to participate in decision-making and in the planning of their care. There are widely known methods, such as shared decision-making, that could be used to facilitate service user participation. Three focus group interviews were conducted with the participation of 14 persons with mental illness and/or substance abuse who were service users at two Swedish Homes for Care and Residence (HVB). Data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis. Two themes emerged: service users’ involvement in decisions is hampered by the professionals’ approach and adequate information and experience of participation means greater empowerment. Although it is known that service users would like to have more influence, and that methods like shared decision-making are recommended to empower service users and improve the decision process, research on these matters is limited. This study reveals that there is a need of more systematic decisional support, such as shared decision-making, so that service users can be seen as important persons not only in guidelines and policy documents but also in clinical practice. The findings indicate that service users do not participate in decisions systematically, although policies, guidelines and laws providing that service users should be offered an active part in decision-making with regard to their care and treatment. Although it is known that service users would like to have more influence, and that methods like shared decision-making are recommended to empower service users and improve their decision process, research on these matters is limited. The findings indicate that service users do not participate in decisions systematically, even though policies, guidelines and laws are in place stipulating that service users should be offered an active part in decision-making with regard to their own care and treatment. The results of this project bring improvement opportunities to light.Service user participation in decision-making – a qualitative study from a services user’s perspective
Maria Bendtsen Kronkvist, Patrik Dahlqvist Jönsson, Karl-Anton Forsberg, Mikael Sandlund
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp.157-169

The purpose of this study is to describe participation in decision-making among service users with severe mental illness.

Service users want to participate in decision-making and in the planning of their care. There are widely known methods, such as shared decision-making, that could be used to facilitate service user participation. Three focus group interviews were conducted with the participation of 14 persons with mental illness and/or substance abuse who were service users at two Swedish Homes for Care and Residence (HVB). Data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis.

Two themes emerged: service users’ involvement in decisions is hampered by the professionals’ approach and adequate information and experience of participation means greater empowerment.

Although it is known that service users would like to have more influence, and that methods like shared decision-making are recommended to empower service users and improve the decision process, research on these matters is limited.

This study reveals that there is a need of more systematic decisional support, such as shared decision-making, so that service users can be seen as important persons not only in guidelines and policy documents but also in clinical practice.

The findings indicate that service users do not participate in decisions systematically, although policies, guidelines and laws providing that service users should be offered an active part in decision-making with regard to their care and treatment.

Although it is known that service users would like to have more influence, and that methods like shared decision-making are recommended to empower service users and improve their decision process, research on these matters is limited. The findings indicate that service users do not participate in decisions systematically, even though policies, guidelines and laws are in place stipulating that service users should be offered an active part in decision-making with regard to their own care and treatment. The results of this project bring improvement opportunities to light.

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Service user participation in decision-making – a qualitative study from a services user’s perspective10.1108/JPMH-12-2022-0129Journal of Public Mental Health2023-07-26© 2023 Maria Bendtsen Kronkvist, Patrik Dahlqvist Jönsson, Karl-Anton Forsberg and Mikael Sandlund.Maria Bendtsen KronkvistPatrik Dahlqvist JönssonKarl-Anton ForsbergMikael SandlundJournal of Public Mental Health2242023-07-2610.1108/JPMH-12-2022-0129https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-12-2022-0129/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Maria Bendtsen Kronkvist, Patrik Dahlqvist Jönsson, Karl-Anton Forsberg and Mikael Sandlund.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
The reluctance to the vaccine, mental health, fear of covid-19 and quality of life among Palestinians: an exploratory comparative study in different geographical areashttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-02-2023-0016/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to explore the effect of mental health in terms of depression, anxiety, stress, fear of COVID-19 and quality of life (QoL) on the reluctance to be vaccinated in a population of Palestinian adults living in occupied Palestinian territories and Israel. The authors recruited 1,122 Palestinian adults who consented to participate in the study; 722 were females, and the mean age of the sample was 40.83 (SD 8.8). Depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS), World Health Organization QoL-BREF, FCov-19 and reluctance to the vaccine scale were administered; hierarchical regression analysis was applied to test vaccine reluctance as a dependent variable, and mental health, fear of COVID-19 and QoL as independent variables. This study hypothesized influence of such variables on the vaccine choice with differences due to the participants’ geographical locations. Findings showed an effect of mental health, particularly depression, QoL and fear of COVID on vaccine reluctance, with depression and fear of COVID in the West Bank and Gaza, while in Israel, QoL played a role in vaccination choices. The future needs to be comprehended more thoroughly to discover mutations and fluctuations over time in vaccine hesitancy and the increasing role of psychological distress, diminished QoL and fear of Covid-19. Online recruitment might not have allowed the study to include the most disadvantaged strips of the Palestinian population. Human rights perspectives must be considered in public health and public mental health policies to ensure the QoL and well-being for the Palestinian population during and following the pandemic. The crumbling of the Palestinian health-care system exacerbated the sense of dread among the population and made them less likely to vaccinate. The pandemic-like spread of Covid-19 prompts a plea for the global community to actively advocate for the urgent re-establishment of equity, autonomy and durability of the medical infrastructure in the occupied territories and equal entitlements for the Palestinians in Israel. The results demonstrated the importance for public mental health to consider the multiple levels implied in the vaccine refusal in Palestine and Israel among the Palestinian population.The reluctance to the vaccine, mental health, fear of covid-19 and quality of life among Palestinians: an exploratory comparative study in different geographical areas
Guido Veronese, Anas Ismail, Fayez Mahamid, Basel El-Khodary, Dana Bdier, Marwan Diab
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp.170-185

This study aims to explore the effect of mental health in terms of depression, anxiety, stress, fear of COVID-19 and quality of life (QoL) on the reluctance to be vaccinated in a population of Palestinian adults living in occupied Palestinian territories and Israel.

The authors recruited 1,122 Palestinian adults who consented to participate in the study; 722 were females, and the mean age of the sample was 40.83 (SD 8.8). Depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS), World Health Organization QoL-BREF, FCov-19 and reluctance to the vaccine scale were administered; hierarchical regression analysis was applied to test vaccine reluctance as a dependent variable, and mental health, fear of COVID-19 and QoL as independent variables. This study hypothesized influence of such variables on the vaccine choice with differences due to the participants’ geographical locations.

Findings showed an effect of mental health, particularly depression, QoL and fear of COVID on vaccine reluctance, with depression and fear of COVID in the West Bank and Gaza, while in Israel, QoL played a role in vaccination choices.

The future needs to be comprehended more thoroughly to discover mutations and fluctuations over time in vaccine hesitancy and the increasing role of psychological distress, diminished QoL and fear of Covid-19. Online recruitment might not have allowed the study to include the most disadvantaged strips of the Palestinian population.

Human rights perspectives must be considered in public health and public mental health policies to ensure the QoL and well-being for the Palestinian population during and following the pandemic.

The crumbling of the Palestinian health-care system exacerbated the sense of dread among the population and made them less likely to vaccinate. The pandemic-like spread of Covid-19 prompts a plea for the global community to actively advocate for the urgent re-establishment of equity, autonomy and durability of the medical infrastructure in the occupied territories and equal entitlements for the Palestinians in Israel.

The results demonstrated the importance for public mental health to consider the multiple levels implied in the vaccine refusal in Palestine and Israel among the Palestinian population.

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The reluctance to the vaccine, mental health, fear of covid-19 and quality of life among Palestinians: an exploratory comparative study in different geographical areas10.1108/JPMH-02-2023-0016Journal of Public Mental Health2023-07-28© 2023 Guido Veronese, Anas Ismail, Fayez Mahamid, Basel El-Khodary, Dana Bdier and Marwan Diab.Guido VeroneseAnas IsmailFayez MahamidBasel El-KhodaryDana BdierMarwan DiabJournal of Public Mental Health2242023-07-2810.1108/JPMH-02-2023-0016https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-02-2023-0016/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Guido Veronese, Anas Ismail, Fayez Mahamid, Basel El-Khodary, Dana Bdier and Marwan Diab.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Exploratory study of an ally training program for mental health supporthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-02-2023-0020/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an online mental health ally program on several measurements of readiness to help and stigma reduction. Allyship is one way to support people with mental health challenges beyond traditional care services. The efficacy of the program was evaluated in pre and postintervention surveys (n = 26) including measures of self-care, help-seeking intentions, peer-support self-efficacy, advocacy, knowledge of resources and stigma. A within-subject, repeated measures design was conducted analyzing changes at completion. Twenty-six participants who completed the program (either with or without lived experience of mental illness) were included in the study. A subgroup of participants (n = 11) who reported lived experiences of mental illness were assigned additional measures of internalized stigma, stigma stress, stigma resistance and self-esteem. Analysis of mean differences indicated a statistically significant change in scores pre and postcompletion. The program increased peer-support, help-seeking intentions and self-esteem, while reducing internalized stigma and stigma stress. Findings provide preliminary support for program effectiveness in training individuals to support others and themselves through mental health challenges. Trained allies might improve the lives of individuals with mental health challenges by reducing discrimination and improving social support. We discuss the implication of allies to complement the mental health system. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first exploratory study on the efficacy of an online ally training program for individuals with mental illness. The NoStigmas Ally Program is a novel and original development in ally training.Exploratory study of an ally training program for mental health support
Beatrice Meda Wendeln, Lindsay Sheehan
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp.186-193

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an online mental health ally program on several measurements of readiness to help and stigma reduction. Allyship is one way to support people with mental health challenges beyond traditional care services.

The efficacy of the program was evaluated in pre and postintervention surveys (n = 26) including measures of self-care, help-seeking intentions, peer-support self-efficacy, advocacy, knowledge of resources and stigma. A within-subject, repeated measures design was conducted analyzing changes at completion. Twenty-six participants who completed the program (either with or without lived experience of mental illness) were included in the study. A subgroup of participants (n = 11) who reported lived experiences of mental illness were assigned additional measures of internalized stigma, stigma stress, stigma resistance and self-esteem.

Analysis of mean differences indicated a statistically significant change in scores pre and postcompletion. The program increased peer-support, help-seeking intentions and self-esteem, while reducing internalized stigma and stigma stress. Findings provide preliminary support for program effectiveness in training individuals to support others and themselves through mental health challenges.

Trained allies might improve the lives of individuals with mental health challenges by reducing discrimination and improving social support. We discuss the implication of allies to complement the mental health system.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first exploratory study on the efficacy of an online ally training program for individuals with mental illness. The NoStigmas Ally Program is a novel and original development in ally training.

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Exploratory study of an ally training program for mental health support10.1108/JPMH-02-2023-0020Journal of Public Mental Health2023-08-08© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedBeatrice Meda WendelnLindsay SheehanJournal of Public Mental Health2242023-08-0810.1108/JPMH-02-2023-0020https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-02-2023-0020/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Ofsted suicides: who is responsible for suicide prevention?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-06-2023-0051/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the response of the relevant authorities to evidence that female primary schoolteachers have an elevated suicide risk in the UK. The paper situates the recent tragic death of a primary school head teacher, following an Ofsted inspection at her school, within the wider context of teacher suicide deaths and asks what, if any, action the authorities have taken to prevent avoidable suicide deaths from occurring. The paper examines a recent case of suicide by a primary head teacher within the wider context of statistical data on suicides by primary schoolteachers and in relation to previous cases of suicide linked to a school inspection. The paper suggests that the relevant authorities have failed to act in relation to evidence of high suicide risk amongst female primary schoolteachers and to previous suicide deaths linked to the impact of a school inspection. Without learning from suicide deaths and acting on available evidence, there is a risk that preventable suicide deaths will continue to occur. The paper draws together case study evidence and statistical data to make the case for regulatory reform to ensure that work-related suicides are investigated, monitored and prevented.Ofsted suicides: who is responsible for suicide prevention?
Sarah Waters, Hilda Palmer
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp.194-201

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the response of the relevant authorities to evidence that female primary schoolteachers have an elevated suicide risk in the UK. The paper situates the recent tragic death of a primary school head teacher, following an Ofsted inspection at her school, within the wider context of teacher suicide deaths and asks what, if any, action the authorities have taken to prevent avoidable suicide deaths from occurring.

The paper examines a recent case of suicide by a primary head teacher within the wider context of statistical data on suicides by primary schoolteachers and in relation to previous cases of suicide linked to a school inspection.

The paper suggests that the relevant authorities have failed to act in relation to evidence of high suicide risk amongst female primary schoolteachers and to previous suicide deaths linked to the impact of a school inspection. Without learning from suicide deaths and acting on available evidence, there is a risk that preventable suicide deaths will continue to occur.

The paper draws together case study evidence and statistical data to make the case for regulatory reform to ensure that work-related suicides are investigated, monitored and prevented.

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Ofsted suicides: who is responsible for suicide prevention?10.1108/JPMH-06-2023-0051Journal of Public Mental Health2023-08-03© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedSarah WatersHilda PalmerJournal of Public Mental Health2242023-08-0310.1108/JPMH-06-2023-0051https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-06-2023-0051/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Prosocial attributes relate to lower recidivism in justice-involved youth: preliminary evidence using a novel measure of prosocial functioninghttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-02-2023-0012/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThough prosocial attributes are linked to positive outcomes among justice-involved adolescents and are a mainstay of numerous interventions, few measures have been specifically designed to evaluate prosocial functioning within this population. Although multiple instruments measuring aspects of prosocial behavior exist, these instruments were not designed to measure prosocial behaviors among youth in juvenile justice settings. This study aims to provide a preliminary validation of a new measure of prosocial attributes (the Prosocial Status Inventory – PSI), which was designed to comprehensively evaluate in greater depth the prosocial functioning of urban, justice-involved youth. Youth (n = 51) were recruited as part of a larger study and were participants in a community-based mentoring program in a large, urban county in the Southern USA. Youth completed the PSI at baseline prior to their participation in the community-based mentoring program. The authors obtained follow-up data on recidivism from the county juvenile justice department. PSI scores were positively related to a lower rate of recidivism and a decrease in offending frequency over a 12-month follow-up period. The current findings complement previous work, suggesting that prosocial attributes are measurable and related to important outcomes among justice-involved youth and support the utility of strengths-based treatment approaches. Moreover, it provides preliminary evidence of the utility of a new self-report measure to assess these traits within a juvenile justice population.Prosocial attributes relate to lower recidivism in justice-involved youth: preliminary evidence using a novel measure of prosocial functioning
Adam T. Schmidt, Jacquelynn Duron, Becca K. Bergquist, Alexandra C. Bammel, Kelsey A. Maloney, Abigail Williams-Butler, Gerri R. Hanten
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp.202-215

Though prosocial attributes are linked to positive outcomes among justice-involved adolescents and are a mainstay of numerous interventions, few measures have been specifically designed to evaluate prosocial functioning within this population. Although multiple instruments measuring aspects of prosocial behavior exist, these instruments were not designed to measure prosocial behaviors among youth in juvenile justice settings. This study aims to provide a preliminary validation of a new measure of prosocial attributes (the Prosocial Status Inventory – PSI), which was designed to comprehensively evaluate in greater depth the prosocial functioning of urban, justice-involved youth.

Youth (n = 51) were recruited as part of a larger study and were participants in a community-based mentoring program in a large, urban county in the Southern USA. Youth completed the PSI at baseline prior to their participation in the community-based mentoring program. The authors obtained follow-up data on recidivism from the county juvenile justice department.

PSI scores were positively related to a lower rate of recidivism and a decrease in offending frequency over a 12-month follow-up period.

The current findings complement previous work, suggesting that prosocial attributes are measurable and related to important outcomes among justice-involved youth and support the utility of strengths-based treatment approaches. Moreover, it provides preliminary evidence of the utility of a new self-report measure to assess these traits within a juvenile justice population.

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Prosocial attributes relate to lower recidivism in justice-involved youth: preliminary evidence using a novel measure of prosocial functioning10.1108/JPMH-02-2023-0012Journal of Public Mental Health2023-09-13© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAdam T. SchmidtJacquelynn DuronBecca K. BergquistAlexandra C. BammelKelsey A. MaloneyAbigail Williams-ButlerGerri R. HantenJournal of Public Mental Health2242023-09-1310.1108/JPMH-02-2023-0012https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-02-2023-0012/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Public mental health and wellbeing interventions delivered by allied health professionals (AHPs): mapping the evidence and identification of gaps. A systematic reviewhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-04-2023-0033/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestMental well-being is associated with positive outcomes throughout the life course. This study aims to examine interventions delivered by allied health professionals (AHPs) to alleviate community stressors adversely impacting public mental health and well-being. Review inclusion criteria comprised experimental and qualitative process evaluations of public mental health interventions delivered by AHPs. Electronic searches in Cinahl, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library, were combined with grey literature searches of National Institute for Health and Care Excellence public health guidance. A narrative synthesis and the Effective Public Health Practice Project appraisal tool were used to evaluate the evidence. A total of 45-articles were included in the review describing AHP-delivered interventions addressing social disadvantage, trauma, bullying, loneliness, work-related stress, transitional stress, intersectionality, pain and bereavement. No articles were identified evaluating interventions delivered by operating department practitioners or orthoptists. A conceptual map was developed summarising the stressors, and a typology of public mental health interventions defined including: place-based interventions, discrete/one-off interventions, multi-component lifestyle and social connector interventions and interventions targeting groups at risk of mental health conditions. Many mental health conditions begin in childhood, and a strength of the review is the life course perspective. A further strength is compiling a compendium of public mental health outcome measures used by AHPs to inform future research. The authors excluded many articles focussed on clinical interventions/populations, which did not meet review inclusion criteria. While playing a key role in delivering public mental health interventions, clinical psychologists are not defined as AHPs and were excluded from the review, and this may be construed a limitation. Given heterogeneity of study designs and interventions evaluated numerical analyses of pooled findings was not appropriate. The review highlights the breadth of community stressors on which AHPs can intervene and contribute in public mental health contexts, stressors which correspond to those identified in UK Government guidance as currently important and relevant to address. The findings can inform developing community public mental health pathways that align with the UK National Health Service (NHS) Long Term Plan, on prevention and early intervention to protect community mental health and well-being. Further can inform the NHS strategic direction for AHPs including informing ways of increasing utilisation of core AHP skills to optimise contributions in public mental health agendas. It is surprising there were not more AHP delivered evaluations of interventions for other stressors important to address in public mental health settings, for example gambling, domestic violence or that used digital technology, and these are areas for future research. Future research should identify the most active/effective dimensions of multi-component interventions which could be informed by frameworks to guide complex intervention development. The relative paucity of research identified, highlights the predominant focus of research to date on interventions for clinical mental health conditions and populations. The lack of preventative approaches is evident, and an important area for future research to align with UK health and social care priorities. The review highlights AHP-delivered interventions impacting diverse community stressors across the life course. The findings can inform developing public mental health pathways aligned with government health service priorities to protect mental health and well-being, prioritise prevention and early intervention and increase utilisation of AHP skills across public mental health settings.Public mental health and wellbeing interventions delivered by allied health professionals (AHPs): mapping the evidence and identification of gaps. A systematic review
Sarah Wigham, Eileen Kaner, Jane Bourne, Kanar Ahmed, Simon Hackett
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp.216-229

Mental well-being is associated with positive outcomes throughout the life course. This study aims to examine interventions delivered by allied health professionals (AHPs) to alleviate community stressors adversely impacting public mental health and well-being.

Review inclusion criteria comprised experimental and qualitative process evaluations of public mental health interventions delivered by AHPs. Electronic searches in Cinahl, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library, were combined with grey literature searches of National Institute for Health and Care Excellence public health guidance. A narrative synthesis and the Effective Public Health Practice Project appraisal tool were used to evaluate the evidence.

A total of 45-articles were included in the review describing AHP-delivered interventions addressing social disadvantage, trauma, bullying, loneliness, work-related stress, transitional stress, intersectionality, pain and bereavement. No articles were identified evaluating interventions delivered by operating department practitioners or orthoptists. A conceptual map was developed summarising the stressors, and a typology of public mental health interventions defined including: place-based interventions, discrete/one-off interventions, multi-component lifestyle and social connector interventions and interventions targeting groups at risk of mental health conditions.

Many mental health conditions begin in childhood, and a strength of the review is the life course perspective. A further strength is compiling a compendium of public mental health outcome measures used by AHPs to inform future research. The authors excluded many articles focussed on clinical interventions/populations, which did not meet review inclusion criteria. While playing a key role in delivering public mental health interventions, clinical psychologists are not defined as AHPs and were excluded from the review, and this may be construed a limitation. Given heterogeneity of study designs and interventions evaluated numerical analyses of pooled findings was not appropriate.

The review highlights the breadth of community stressors on which AHPs can intervene and contribute in public mental health contexts, stressors which correspond to those identified in UK Government guidance as currently important and relevant to address. The findings can inform developing community public mental health pathways that align with the UK National Health Service (NHS) Long Term Plan, on prevention and early intervention to protect community mental health and well-being. Further can inform the NHS strategic direction for AHPs including informing ways of increasing utilisation of core AHP skills to optimise contributions in public mental health agendas.

It is surprising there were not more AHP delivered evaluations of interventions for other stressors important to address in public mental health settings, for example gambling, domestic violence or that used digital technology, and these are areas for future research. Future research should identify the most active/effective dimensions of multi-component interventions which could be informed by frameworks to guide complex intervention development. The relative paucity of research identified, highlights the predominant focus of research to date on interventions for clinical mental health conditions and populations. The lack of preventative approaches is evident, and an important area for future research to align with UK health and social care priorities.

The review highlights AHP-delivered interventions impacting diverse community stressors across the life course. The findings can inform developing public mental health pathways aligned with government health service priorities to protect mental health and well-being, prioritise prevention and early intervention and increase utilisation of AHP skills across public mental health settings.

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Public mental health and wellbeing interventions delivered by allied health professionals (AHPs): mapping the evidence and identification of gaps. A systematic review10.1108/JPMH-04-2023-0033Journal of Public Mental Health2023-09-20© 2023 Sarah Wigham, Eileen Kaner, Jane Bourne, Kanar Ahmed and Simon Hackett.Sarah WighamEileen KanerJane BourneKanar AhmedSimon HackettJournal of Public Mental Health2242023-09-2010.1108/JPMH-04-2023-0033https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-04-2023-0033/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Sarah Wigham, Eileen Kaner, Jane Bourne, Kanar Ahmed and Simon Hackett.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Pain and associated functional impairment in the Danish general population: the role of mental well-beinghttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-07-2023-0065/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestPrior research on relations between mental health and pain has focused on negative mental health aspects (e.g. depression), while the literature is scarce in terms of positive aspects, such as mental well-being. This study aims to investigate prospective associations of mental well-being at baseline with pain and functional impairment due to pain in the following year. Data stem from a Danish nationally representative survey of 5,000 adults (aged 15+) conducted in 2019 and 2020, which was linked to register data. The Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale was used to assess mental well-being, both continuously (range 7–35) and categorically (low, moderate, high). Logistic regressions were conducted to assess associations between mental well-being in 2019 and pain and functional impairment due to pain (among those reporting any pain) in 2020. In the fully adjusted models, each point increase in mental well-being was inversely associated with pain (OR = 0.97, 95%CI 0.95–0.99) and functional impairment due to pain (OR = 0.96, 95%CI 0.94–0.99). As compared to low mental well-being, moderate mental well-being was associated with an OR of 0.76 (95%CI 0.58–0.99) for pain and an OR of 0.63 (95%CI 0.46–0.87) of functional impairment due to pain, while high mental well-being was associated with an OR of 0.56 (95%CI 0.40–0.77) for pain and an OR of 0.53 (95%CI 0.34–0.79) for functional impairment due to pain. Higher mental well-being levels may be protective against pain and functional impairment due to pain. Wider mental health promotion may be considered to prevent pain and associated functional impairments in the general population.Pain and associated functional impairment in the Danish general population: the role of mental well-being
Ziggi Ivan Santini, Ola Ekholm, Ai Koyanagi, Sarah Stewart-Brown, Line Nielsen, Charlotte Meilstrup, Vibeke Koushede, Lau Caspar Thygesen
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp.230-244

Prior research on relations between mental health and pain has focused on negative mental health aspects (e.g. depression), while the literature is scarce in terms of positive aspects, such as mental well-being. This study aims to investigate prospective associations of mental well-being at baseline with pain and functional impairment due to pain in the following year.

Data stem from a Danish nationally representative survey of 5,000 adults (aged 15+) conducted in 2019 and 2020, which was linked to register data. The Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale was used to assess mental well-being, both continuously (range 7–35) and categorically (low, moderate, high). Logistic regressions were conducted to assess associations between mental well-being in 2019 and pain and functional impairment due to pain (among those reporting any pain) in 2020.

In the fully adjusted models, each point increase in mental well-being was inversely associated with pain (OR = 0.97, 95%CI 0.95–0.99) and functional impairment due to pain (OR = 0.96, 95%CI 0.94–0.99). As compared to low mental well-being, moderate mental well-being was associated with an OR of 0.76 (95%CI 0.58–0.99) for pain and an OR of 0.63 (95%CI 0.46–0.87) of functional impairment due to pain, while high mental well-being was associated with an OR of 0.56 (95%CI 0.40–0.77) for pain and an OR of 0.53 (95%CI 0.34–0.79) for functional impairment due to pain.

Higher mental well-being levels may be protective against pain and functional impairment due to pain. Wider mental health promotion may be considered to prevent pain and associated functional impairments in the general population.

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Pain and associated functional impairment in the Danish general population: the role of mental well-being10.1108/JPMH-07-2023-0065Journal of Public Mental Health2023-10-30© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedZiggi Ivan SantiniOla EkholmAi KoyanagiSarah Stewart-BrownLine NielsenCharlotte MeilstrupVibeke KoushedeLau Caspar ThygesenJournal of Public Mental Health2242023-10-3010.1108/JPMH-07-2023-0065https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-07-2023-0065/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Impact of nature on the mental health and well-being of the ICU survivors: an interpretative phenomenological analysishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-01-2023-0006/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to comprehend the traumatic experiences of intensive care unit (ICU) patients during the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact of the same post-discharge. It assesses the role of nature and open green spaces on the mental health and well-being of critically ill patients. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, this study highlights the major factors contributing to adverse mental health and well-being. The subjects were interviewed using semi-structured personal interview techniques. Thematic content analysis was adapted to derive the major themes apparent in the succinctly rich information gathered from the participants. The findings cast light on the significant role of nature and open green spaces in psychotherapeutic healing post-discharge of intensive care survivors. The study is novel and adds to the existing literature in an advanced manner. To the best of the author’s knowledge, no other study was witnessed, especially in the Indian context, confirming the relationship between humans and nature with ICU patients as a subset.Impact of nature on the mental health and well-being of the ICU survivors: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
Supreet Kaur
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp.245-256

The purpose of this study is to comprehend the traumatic experiences of intensive care unit (ICU) patients during the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact of the same post-discharge. It assesses the role of nature and open green spaces on the mental health and well-being of critically ill patients.

Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, this study highlights the major factors contributing to adverse mental health and well-being. The subjects were interviewed using semi-structured personal interview techniques. Thematic content analysis was adapted to derive the major themes apparent in the succinctly rich information gathered from the participants.

The findings cast light on the significant role of nature and open green spaces in psychotherapeutic healing post-discharge of intensive care survivors.

The study is novel and adds to the existing literature in an advanced manner. To the best of the author’s knowledge, no other study was witnessed, especially in the Indian context, confirming the relationship between humans and nature with ICU patients as a subset.

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Impact of nature on the mental health and well-being of the ICU survivors: an interpretative phenomenological analysis10.1108/JPMH-01-2023-0006Journal of Public Mental Health2023-10-20© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedSupreet KaurJournal of Public Mental Health2242023-10-2010.1108/JPMH-01-2023-0006https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-01-2023-0006/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Psychological wellbeing and avoidance strategies as moderators between excessive social media use and academic performance among Indian college studentshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-05-2023-0044/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to assess the negative aspect of social media use among college students in India. A conceptual model showing the relationship between excessive social media use (ESMU) and academic performance of college students has been developed and tested. Further, the moderating role of psychological well-being and avoidance strategies were investigated. A survey instrument was developed, and data was collected from 557 college students from higher educational institutions in southern India. First, the psychometric properties of the measures were tested using the Lisrel software for covariance-based structural equation modeling. Second, the structural model was tested by using PROCESS macros. The results reveal that ESMU is a precursor to anxiety and academic performance. The findings also indicate that anxiety mediates the relationship between ESMU and academic performance. Psychological well-being and avoidance strategies were significant moderators in the relationship between ESMU and anxiety. The multi-layered conceptual model was developed and tested in the context of a developing country (India) and investigated the effect of ESMU by college students on their academic performance and anxiety. The three-way interaction between psychological well-being (first moderator), avoidance strategies (second moderator) and ESMU influencing academic performance mediated through anxiety is studied in this research. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, such a moderated moderated-mediation in connection with social media use is a unique contribution of this study.Psychological wellbeing and avoidance strategies as moderators between excessive social media use and academic performance among Indian college students
Antin Mary Siluvai, Hesil Jerda George, Satyanarayana Parayitam
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp.257-274

This study aims to assess the negative aspect of social media use among college students in India. A conceptual model showing the relationship between excessive social media use (ESMU) and academic performance of college students has been developed and tested. Further, the moderating role of psychological well-being and avoidance strategies were investigated.

A survey instrument was developed, and data was collected from 557 college students from higher educational institutions in southern India. First, the psychometric properties of the measures were tested using the Lisrel software for covariance-based structural equation modeling. Second, the structural model was tested by using PROCESS macros.

The results reveal that ESMU is a precursor to anxiety and academic performance. The findings also indicate that anxiety mediates the relationship between ESMU and academic performance. Psychological well-being and avoidance strategies were significant moderators in the relationship between ESMU and anxiety.

The multi-layered conceptual model was developed and tested in the context of a developing country (India) and investigated the effect of ESMU by college students on their academic performance and anxiety. The three-way interaction between psychological well-being (first moderator), avoidance strategies (second moderator) and ESMU influencing academic performance mediated through anxiety is studied in this research. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, such a moderated moderated-mediation in connection with social media use is a unique contribution of this study.

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Psychological wellbeing and avoidance strategies as moderators between excessive social media use and academic performance among Indian college students10.1108/JPMH-05-2023-0044Journal of Public Mental Health2023-11-06© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAntin Mary SiluvaiHesil Jerda GeorgeSatyanarayana ParayitamJournal of Public Mental Health2242023-11-0610.1108/JPMH-05-2023-0044https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-05-2023-0044/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Overcoming challenges of embedding child and youth mental health research in community NHS serviceshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0083/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to examine the barriers and facilitators of conducting and implementing research in frontline child and youth mental health settings in the UK. Researchers, clinicians and commissioners who attended a workshop at the Big Emerging Minds Summit in October 2022 provided their expert views on the structural barriers and possible solutions to integrating research in clinical practice based on their experiences of child and young people mental health research. The identified barriers encompass resource constraints, administrative burdens and misalignment of research priorities, necessitating concerted efforts to foster a research-supportive culture. This paper proposes the potential actionable solutions aimed at overcoming challenges, which are likely applicable across various other health-care systems and frontline NHS services. Solutions include ways to bridge the gap between research and practice, changing perceptions of research, inclusive engagement and collaboration, streamlining ethics processes, empowering observational research and tailored communication strategies. Case examples are outlined to substantiate the themes presented and highlight successful research initiatives within NHS Trusts. This paper provides an insight into the views of stakeholders in child and youth mental health. The themes will hopefully support and influence clinicians and academics to come together to improve the integration of research into clinical practice with the hope of improving service provision and outcomes for our children and young people.Overcoming challenges of embedding child and youth mental health research in community NHS services
Gabriella Tazzini, Brioney Gee, Jon Wilson, Francesca Weber, Alex Brown, Tim Clarke, Eleanor Chatburn
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp.275-286

This paper aims to examine the barriers and facilitators of conducting and implementing research in frontline child and youth mental health settings in the UK.

Researchers, clinicians and commissioners who attended a workshop at the Big Emerging Minds Summit in October 2022 provided their expert views on the structural barriers and possible solutions to integrating research in clinical practice based on their experiences of child and young people mental health research.

The identified barriers encompass resource constraints, administrative burdens and misalignment of research priorities, necessitating concerted efforts to foster a research-supportive culture. This paper proposes the potential actionable solutions aimed at overcoming challenges, which are likely applicable across various other health-care systems and frontline NHS services. Solutions include ways to bridge the gap between research and practice, changing perceptions of research, inclusive engagement and collaboration, streamlining ethics processes, empowering observational research and tailored communication strategies. Case examples are outlined to substantiate the themes presented and highlight successful research initiatives within NHS Trusts.

This paper provides an insight into the views of stakeholders in child and youth mental health. The themes will hopefully support and influence clinicians and academics to come together to improve the integration of research into clinical practice with the hope of improving service provision and outcomes for our children and young people.

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Overcoming challenges of embedding child and youth mental health research in community NHS services10.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0083Journal of Public Mental Health2023-11-20© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedGabriella TazziniBrioney GeeJon WilsonFrancesca WeberAlex BrownTim ClarkeEleanor ChatburnJournal of Public Mental Health2242023-11-2010.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0083https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0083/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Cluster analysis of hikikomori-like idiom of distress in Omanhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-06-2023-0054/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe phenomenon of social withdrawal, known as the hikikomori-like idiom of distress (HLID), has been reported in many countries. This study aimed to explore profiles of Omanis who have HLID. A cross-sectional online survey of 673 out of 1,529 Omanis identified with HLID using the Hikikomori Questionnaire (HQ-25) score of 42+. Two profile groups were determined through cluster analysis according to socio-demographic and HQ-25 outcomes. Subjects in cluster 1 (n = 168, 24.9%) are significantly younger (p < 0.001) and more educated (p = 0.019), spend more time online (p < 0.001) and are living alone (p < 0.001) than subjects in cluster 2 (n = 505, 75.1%). More subjects in cluster 1 had a past mental illness (p = 0.037) but less previous childhood physical/emotional abuse (p = 0.029) than subjects in cluster 2. In contrast, subjects in cluster 2 had a low lack of socialization (p < 0.001), less active isolation (p < 0.001) and total HQ-25 scores (p < 0.001) than cluster 1. Subjects in Cluster 1 have more serious social withdrawal issues than those in Cluster 2, especially on a lack of socialization and isolation. One limitation that might influence the results of this online study was that information was collected via self-report, and a cross-sectional design limits its results because it cannot assess causal inference. This study has contributed valuably to exploring different profile groups of HDLD, especially in the Arabian Gulf. The authors’ findings facilitate the development by creating innovative interventions strategically tackling different hikikomori groups. While social withdrawal characterized by HLID has been reported proliferating in different parts of the world, little research has been forthcoming from Arabian Gulf countries. These findings suggest that there are two orthogonal clusters of HLID among Omanis. This study provides a foundation for further research on HLID, which has recently been reported in different parts of the world.Cluster analysis of hikikomori-like idiom of distress in Oman
Moon Fai Chan, Nasser Al-Sibani, Salim Al-Huseini, Alkhatib Al-Saadi, Saoud Al-Busaidi, Jawaher Al Kharusi, Nutaila Al Kharusi, Gilles J. Guillemin, Mohammed Al-Abri, Samir Al-Adawi
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The phenomenon of social withdrawal, known as the hikikomori-like idiom of distress (HLID), has been reported in many countries. This study aimed to explore profiles of Omanis who have HLID.

A cross-sectional online survey of 673 out of 1,529 Omanis identified with HLID using the Hikikomori Questionnaire (HQ-25) score of 42+.

Two profile groups were determined through cluster analysis according to socio-demographic and HQ-25 outcomes. Subjects in cluster 1 (n = 168, 24.9%) are significantly younger (p < 0.001) and more educated (p = 0.019), spend more time online (p < 0.001) and are living alone (p < 0.001) than subjects in cluster 2 (n = 505, 75.1%). More subjects in cluster 1 had a past mental illness (p = 0.037) but less previous childhood physical/emotional abuse (p = 0.029) than subjects in cluster 2. In contrast, subjects in cluster 2 had a low lack of socialization (p < 0.001), less active isolation (p < 0.001) and total HQ-25 scores (p < 0.001) than cluster 1. Subjects in Cluster 1 have more serious social withdrawal issues than those in Cluster 2, especially on a lack of socialization and isolation.

One limitation that might influence the results of this online study was that information was collected via self-report, and a cross-sectional design limits its results because it cannot assess causal inference. This study has contributed valuably to exploring different profile groups of HDLD, especially in the Arabian Gulf. The authors’ findings facilitate the development by creating innovative interventions strategically tackling different hikikomori groups.

While social withdrawal characterized by HLID has been reported proliferating in different parts of the world, little research has been forthcoming from Arabian Gulf countries. These findings suggest that there are two orthogonal clusters of HLID among Omanis. This study provides a foundation for further research on HLID, which has recently been reported in different parts of the world.

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Cluster analysis of hikikomori-like idiom of distress in Oman10.1108/JPMH-06-2023-0054Journal of Public Mental Health2024-01-23© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedMoon Fai ChanNasser Al-SibaniSalim Al-HuseiniAlkhatib Al-SaadiSaoud Al-BusaidiJawaher Al KharusiNutaila Al KharusiGilles J. GuilleminMohammed Al-AbriSamir Al-AdawiJournal of Public Mental Healthahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-2310.1108/JPMH-06-2023-0054https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-06-2023-0054/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
The COVID-19 pandemic and Google Search Trendshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-07-2023-0058/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to investigate the association of COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths with mental health, unemployment and financial markets-related search terms for the USA, the UK, India and worldwide using Google Trends. The authors use Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients to assess the relationship between relative search volumes (RSVs) and mental health, unemployment and financial markets-related search terms, with the total confirmed COVID-19 cases as well as deaths in the USA, UK, India and worldwide. The sample period starts from the day 100 cases were reported for the first time, which is 7 March 2020, 13 March 2020, 23 March 2020 and 28 January 2020 for the US, the UK, India and worldwide, respectively, and ends on 25 June 2020. The results indicate a significant increase in anxiety, depression and stress leading to sleeping disorders or insomnia, further deteriorating mental health. The RSVs of employment are negatively significant, implying that people are hesitant to search for new jobs due to being susceptible to exposure, imposed lockdown and social distancing measures and changing employment patterns. The RSVs for financial terms exhibit the varying associations of COVID-19 cases and deaths with the stock market, loans, rent, etc. This study has implications for the policymakers, health experts and the government. The state governments must provide proper medical facilities and holistic care to the affected population. It may be noted that the findings of this study only lead us to conclude about the relationship between COVID-19 cases and deaths and Google Trends searches, and do not as such indicate the effect on actual behaviour. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to investigate the relationship between the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths in the USA, UK and India and at the global level and RSVs for mental health-related, job-related and financial keywords.The COVID-19 pandemic and Google Search Trends
Mahfooz Alam, Tariq Aziz, Valeed Ahmad Ansari
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to investigate the association of COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths with mental health, unemployment and financial markets-related search terms for the USA, the UK, India and worldwide using Google Trends.

The authors use Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients to assess the relationship between relative search volumes (RSVs) and mental health, unemployment and financial markets-related search terms, with the total confirmed COVID-19 cases as well as deaths in the USA, UK, India and worldwide. The sample period starts from the day 100 cases were reported for the first time, which is 7 March 2020, 13 March 2020, 23 March 2020 and 28 January 2020 for the US, the UK, India and worldwide, respectively, and ends on 25 June 2020.

The results indicate a significant increase in anxiety, depression and stress leading to sleeping disorders or insomnia, further deteriorating mental health. The RSVs of employment are negatively significant, implying that people are hesitant to search for new jobs due to being susceptible to exposure, imposed lockdown and social distancing measures and changing employment patterns. The RSVs for financial terms exhibit the varying associations of COVID-19 cases and deaths with the stock market, loans, rent, etc.

This study has implications for the policymakers, health experts and the government. The state governments must provide proper medical facilities and holistic care to the affected population. It may be noted that the findings of this study only lead us to conclude about the relationship between COVID-19 cases and deaths and Google Trends searches, and do not as such indicate the effect on actual behaviour.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to investigate the relationship between the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths in the USA, UK and India and at the global level and RSVs for mental health-related, job-related and financial keywords.

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The COVID-19 pandemic and Google Search Trends10.1108/JPMH-07-2023-0058Journal of Public Mental Health2024-01-29© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedMahfooz AlamTariq AzizValeed Ahmad AnsariJournal of Public Mental Healthahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-2910.1108/JPMH-07-2023-0058https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-07-2023-0058/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Meaning in life as a mediator of the relationship between COVID-19 stress and COVID-19 burnout in general populationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-08-2023-0067/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThere is a link between stress experienced during adversity and negative outcomes, which demands the identification of mechanisms to minimize the harm. However, to date, these mechanisms remain unclear. This study will help us understand how to reduce the negative impact of COVID-19 stress (CS) on COVID-19 burnout (CB). The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating role of meaning in life (MIL) in the relationship between CS and CB in the general population. During the second wave of COVID-19 in India, 514 adults aged 18–75 years (M = 33.11 ± SD =10.42) completed the survey online. Testing of the model was conducted using the structural equation modeling technique. Results indicated that CS had a positive impact on CB. CS explained 49% of the variance in CB. A mediation model was used to examine the relationship between CS and CB through MIL, which was also supported. These findings explain the efficacy of MIL in reducing harm. It is imperative to promote MIL to prevent negative outcomes. Instead of treating symptoms of disorders, psychologists, mental health professionals and health-care workers should focus on prevention. The model explains the underlying mechanisms between CS and CB. This is among the very few studies attempting to explore these variables among the general population. Therefore, it adds to the literature on ways to reduce the negative impact of stressors.Meaning in life as a mediator of the relationship between COVID-19 stress and COVID-19 burnout in general population
Sarita Sood
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

There is a link between stress experienced during adversity and negative outcomes, which demands the identification of mechanisms to minimize the harm. However, to date, these mechanisms remain unclear. This study will help us understand how to reduce the negative impact of COVID-19 stress (CS) on COVID-19 burnout (CB). The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating role of meaning in life (MIL) in the relationship between CS and CB in the general population.

During the second wave of COVID-19 in India, 514 adults aged 18–75 years (M = 33.11 ± SD =10.42) completed the survey online. Testing of the model was conducted using the structural equation modeling technique.

Results indicated that CS had a positive impact on CB. CS explained 49% of the variance in CB. A mediation model was used to examine the relationship between CS and CB through MIL, which was also supported.

These findings explain the efficacy of MIL in reducing harm. It is imperative to promote MIL to prevent negative outcomes. Instead of treating symptoms of disorders, psychologists, mental health professionals and health-care workers should focus on prevention.

The model explains the underlying mechanisms between CS and CB. This is among the very few studies attempting to explore these variables among the general population. Therefore, it adds to the literature on ways to reduce the negative impact of stressors.

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Meaning in life as a mediator of the relationship between COVID-19 stress and COVID-19 burnout in general population10.1108/JPMH-08-2023-0067Journal of Public Mental Health2024-01-29© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedSarita SoodJournal of Public Mental Healthahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-2910.1108/JPMH-08-2023-0067https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-08-2023-0067/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Multiple diagnoses in the context of parallel epidemics: methamphetamine, opioid use disorder and psychiatric conditionshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0076/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe most recent wave of the opioid epidemic in the USA has been complicated by a sharp increase in methamphetamine use. In addition, many people classified with opioid use disorder (OUD) and methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) present indications of psychiatric conditions. These diagnoses are also highly prevalent among people who are admitted to jails, but research conducted with this population is limited, due in part to the challenges associated with gaining access to local detention centers. This paper aims to examine the patterns of psychiatric conditions, OUD, and MUD among an understudied population to help inform the development of service delivery systems. The present study was designed to assess the prevalence of OUD, MUD and common psychiatric conditions in a large sample of adults (n = 846) collected from four local jails. Diagnostic patterns were evaluated according to the current criteria established in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). More than half (57.3%) of the sample met criteria for MUD, one-third (37.2%) exceeded the threshold for an OUD diagnosis and 15.7% were classified with both conditions. Participants who met criteria for both MUD and OUD were significantly more likely to experience symptoms of major depression [adjusted odd ratios (aOR) = 1.76, 9, confidence intervals (CI) = 1.16–2.67], post-traumatic stress disorder (aOR = 2.51, 1.64–3.83), panic attacks (aOR = 3.24, 95% CI = 2.05–5.13), obsessive compulsive disorder (aOR = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.66–4.51) and antisocial personality (aOR = 3.03, 95% CI = 1.97–4.64). These results, which were derived from an understudied population of adults detained in local jails, indicate the co-–occurrence of MUD and OUD are associated with certain psychiatric conditions.Multiple diagnoses in the context of parallel epidemics: methamphetamine, opioid use disorder and psychiatric conditions
Taylor Zande, Albert Kopak, Norman Hoffmann
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The most recent wave of the opioid epidemic in the USA has been complicated by a sharp increase in methamphetamine use. In addition, many people classified with opioid use disorder (OUD) and methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) present indications of psychiatric conditions. These diagnoses are also highly prevalent among people who are admitted to jails, but research conducted with this population is limited, due in part to the challenges associated with gaining access to local detention centers. This paper aims to examine the patterns of psychiatric conditions, OUD, and MUD among an understudied population to help inform the development of service delivery systems.

The present study was designed to assess the prevalence of OUD, MUD and common psychiatric conditions in a large sample of adults (n = 846) collected from four local jails. Diagnostic patterns were evaluated according to the current criteria established in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed; American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

More than half (57.3%) of the sample met criteria for MUD, one-third (37.2%) exceeded the threshold for an OUD diagnosis and 15.7% were classified with both conditions. Participants who met criteria for both MUD and OUD were significantly more likely to experience symptoms of major depression [adjusted odd ratios (aOR) = 1.76, 9, confidence intervals (CI) = 1.16–2.67], post-traumatic stress disorder (aOR = 2.51, 1.64–3.83), panic attacks (aOR = 3.24, 95% CI = 2.05–5.13), obsessive compulsive disorder (aOR = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.66–4.51) and antisocial personality (aOR = 3.03, 95% CI = 1.97–4.64).

These results, which were derived from an understudied population of adults detained in local jails, indicate the co-–occurrence of MUD and OUD are associated with certain psychiatric conditions.

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Multiple diagnoses in the context of parallel epidemics: methamphetamine, opioid use disorder and psychiatric conditions10.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0076Journal of Public Mental Health2024-01-31© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedTaylor ZandeAlbert KopakNorman HoffmannJournal of Public Mental Healthahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-3110.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0076https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0076/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Assessing theory of mind and social norms understanding in Indian children: adaptation and validation of Edinburgh social cognition testhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0079/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to adapt and validate Edinburgh social cognition test (ESCoT) for Indian children. In addition, exploring the effect of demographics on ESCoT. For content validity, 10 practicing psychologists and clinical psychologists gave their feedback about the test scenarios based on which the items were retained. The adaptation process involved 100 participants aged between 6 and 12 years. Informed consent from parents and verbal assent from the participant were taken. Demographics were collected. Measures were individually administered. Data was scored and analyzed. Seven out of 10 scenarios were retained in content validity. Convergent validity, internal consistency and interrater reliability were found to be acceptable. Regression analysis indicates that age significantly predicts performance on ESCoT. Age is associated with the cognitive theory of mind, affective theory of mind and interpersonal social norms understanding. The study provides evidence for validation of ESCoT. Results indicate acceptable psychometric properties of ESCoT. Thus, it is suitable for Indian settings and amongst children.Assessing theory of mind and social norms understanding in Indian children: adaptation and validation of Edinburgh social cognition test
Saniya Bhutani, Kamlesh Singh
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to adapt and validate Edinburgh social cognition test (ESCoT) for Indian children. In addition, exploring the effect of demographics on ESCoT.

For content validity, 10 practicing psychologists and clinical psychologists gave their feedback about the test scenarios based on which the items were retained. The adaptation process involved 100 participants aged between 6 and 12 years. Informed consent from parents and verbal assent from the participant were taken. Demographics were collected. Measures were individually administered. Data was scored and analyzed.

Seven out of 10 scenarios were retained in content validity. Convergent validity, internal consistency and interrater reliability were found to be acceptable. Regression analysis indicates that age significantly predicts performance on ESCoT. Age is associated with the cognitive theory of mind, affective theory of mind and interpersonal social norms understanding.

The study provides evidence for validation of ESCoT. Results indicate acceptable psychometric properties of ESCoT. Thus, it is suitable for Indian settings and amongst children.

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Assessing theory of mind and social norms understanding in Indian children: adaptation and validation of Edinburgh social cognition test10.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0079Journal of Public Mental Health2024-02-26© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedSaniya BhutaniKamlesh SinghJournal of Public Mental Healthahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-2610.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0079https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0079/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Social determinants of health and the well-being of the early care and education workforce: the role of psychological capitalhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0080/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe early care and education (ECE) workforce plays a pivotal role in shaping early childhood developmental trajectories and simultaneously experiences significant mental health disparities. The purpose of this study is to investigate how social determinants of health and external stressors are associated with the mental health of ECE staff, which represent a low-resourced segment of the workforce; how psychological capital (psycap) can mitigate these associations. The authors administered an 89-item survey to 332 ECE staff employed in 42 Head Start centers in the USA. The authors ran three hierarchical linear regression models to analyze associations between social determinants of health, external sources of stress, psycap and potential moderation effects and mental health outcomes. Individuals experiencing greater finance-related stress reported 0.15 higher scores on the depression scale and 0.20 higher scores on the anxiety scale than those experiencing less finance-related stress (p < 0.05). Individuals experiencing greater work-related stress reported 1.26 more days of poorer mental health in the past month than those experiencing less work-related stress (p < 0.01). After controlling for all sociodemographic variables and sources of stress, psycap was significantly and negatively associated with depressive symptomology (b-weight = −0.02, p < 0.01) and the number of poor mental health days reported in the past month (b-weight = −0.13, p < 0.05). Moderation models suggest that higher levels of psycap may mitigate the association between work-related stress and the number of poor mental health days reported in the past month (b-weight = −0.06, p = 0.02). The implications of these findings suggest a need for policy change to mitigate social determinants of health and promote pay equity and multi-level interventio ns that target workplace-related stressors and psycap to combat poor mental health of the ECE workforce.Social determinants of health and the well-being of the early care and education workforce: the role of psychological capital
Charlotte V. Farewell, Priyanka Shreedar, Diane Brogden, Jini E. Puma
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The early care and education (ECE) workforce plays a pivotal role in shaping early childhood developmental trajectories and simultaneously experiences significant mental health disparities. The purpose of this study is to investigate how social determinants of health and external stressors are associated with the mental health of ECE staff, which represent a low-resourced segment of the workforce; how psychological capital (psycap) can mitigate these associations.

The authors administered an 89-item survey to 332 ECE staff employed in 42 Head Start centers in the USA. The authors ran three hierarchical linear regression models to analyze associations between social determinants of health, external sources of stress, psycap and potential moderation effects and mental health outcomes.

Individuals experiencing greater finance-related stress reported 0.15 higher scores on the depression scale and 0.20 higher scores on the anxiety scale than those experiencing less finance-related stress (p < 0.05). Individuals experiencing greater work-related stress reported 1.26 more days of poorer mental health in the past month than those experiencing less work-related stress (p < 0.01). After controlling for all sociodemographic variables and sources of stress, psycap was significantly and negatively associated with depressive symptomology (b-weight = −0.02, p < 0.01) and the number of poor mental health days reported in the past month (b-weight = −0.13, p < 0.05). Moderation models suggest that higher levels of psycap may mitigate the association between work-related stress and the number of poor mental health days reported in the past month (b-weight = −0.06, p = 0.02).

The implications of these findings suggest a need for policy change to mitigate social determinants of health and promote pay equity and multi-level interventio ns that target workplace-related stressors and psycap to combat poor mental health of the ECE workforce.

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Social determinants of health and the well-being of the early care and education workforce: the role of psychological capital10.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0080Journal of Public Mental Health2024-02-01© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedCharlotte V. FarewellPriyanka ShreedarDiane BrogdenJini E. PumaJournal of Public Mental Healthahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-0110.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0080https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-09-2023-0080/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
How does per capita income growth affect bipolar and depression disorders in Africa?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-10-2023-0095/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestBipolar and depression disorders are some of the most common mental health disorders affecting millions of people in low-and middle-income countries, including those in Africa. These disorders are therefore major contributors to the burden of diseases and disability. While an enhancement in income is seen as a major approach towards reducing the burden of these disorders, empirical evidence to support this view in the African context is lacking. This study therefore aims to examine the effect of per capita income growth on bipolar and depression disorders across African countries. The study uses data from secondary sources comprising 42 African countries over the period, 2002–2019, to achieve its objective. The prevalence of bipolar and major depressive disorders (depression) are used as the dependent variables, while per capita income growth is used as the main independent variable. The system Generalised Method of Moments regression is used as the estimation technique. In the baseline, the authors find per capita income growth to be associated with a reduction in the prevalence of bipolar (coefficient: −0.001, p < 0.01) and depression (coefficient: −0.001, p < 0.1) in the short-term. Similarly, in the long-term, per capita income growth is found to have negative association with the prevalence of bipolar (coefficient: −0.059, p < 0.01) and depression (coefficient: −0.035, p < 0.1). The results are similar after robustness checks. This study attempts at providing the first empirical evidence of the effect of per capita income growth on bipolar and depression disorders across several African countries.How does per capita income growth affect bipolar and depression disorders in Africa?
Mustapha Immurana, Kwame Godsway Kisseih, Ibrahim Abdullahi, Muniru Azuug, Ayisha Mohammed, Toby Joseph Mathew Kizhakkekara
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Bipolar and depression disorders are some of the most common mental health disorders affecting millions of people in low-and middle-income countries, including those in Africa. These disorders are therefore major contributors to the burden of diseases and disability. While an enhancement in income is seen as a major approach towards reducing the burden of these disorders, empirical evidence to support this view in the African context is lacking. This study therefore aims to examine the effect of per capita income growth on bipolar and depression disorders across African countries.

The study uses data from secondary sources comprising 42 African countries over the period, 2002–2019, to achieve its objective. The prevalence of bipolar and major depressive disorders (depression) are used as the dependent variables, while per capita income growth is used as the main independent variable. The system Generalised Method of Moments regression is used as the estimation technique.

In the baseline, the authors find per capita income growth to be associated with a reduction in the prevalence of bipolar (coefficient: −0.001, p < 0.01) and depression (coefficient: −0.001, p < 0.1) in the short-term. Similarly, in the long-term, per capita income growth is found to have negative association with the prevalence of bipolar (coefficient: −0.059, p < 0.01) and depression (coefficient: −0.035, p < 0.1). The results are similar after robustness checks.

This study attempts at providing the first empirical evidence of the effect of per capita income growth on bipolar and depression disorders across several African countries.

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How does per capita income growth affect bipolar and depression disorders in Africa?10.1108/JPMH-10-2023-0095Journal of Public Mental Health2024-02-09© 2024 Mustapha Immurana, Kwame Godsway Kisseih, Ibrahim Abdullahi, Muniru Azuug, Ayisha Mohammed and Toby Joseph Mathew Kizhakkekara.Mustapha ImmuranaKwame Godsway KisseihIbrahim AbdullahiMuniru AzuugAyisha MohammedToby Joseph Mathew KizhakkekaraJournal of Public Mental Healthahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-0910.1108/JPMH-10-2023-0095https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-10-2023-0095/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Mustapha Immurana, Kwame Godsway Kisseih, Ibrahim Abdullahi, Muniru Azuug, Ayisha Mohammed and Toby Joseph Mathew Kizhakkekara.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Gender-modulated relationships among depression, light household tasks and physical activity: population-based moderation analysishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-11-2023-0098/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to study the influence of leisure-time physical activity on depression crises and the difficulty in performing light household tasks. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2020 European Health Survey in Spain. A total of 1,076 individuals diagnosed with depression were selected. ANOVA, chi-square, Fisher’s exact test and Mann–Whitney U test were applied, and a simple moderation analysis was conducted using the SPSS PROCESS 4.0 macro. Women had higher percentages of some or much difficulty in performing domestic activities (p = 0.007). Differences were found between experiencing a crisis in the past 12 months versus not having one (p < 0.001): less physical activity was performed, perceived health was worse and difficulty in performing domestic activities increased. The moderation analysis confirmed the moderating effect of physical activity on the relationship between experiencing a crisis and having difficulty with domestic activities (p = 0.017). The usual limitation of descriptive cross-sectional studies, which cannot establish causal relationships, must be added to low sample sizes in some categories. The analysis with gender differentiation, promoting gender-specific adapted practices, considering age and personal circumstances of the patient, appropriate exercise prescription, as well as its evaluation and follow-up, are areas where specialist nurses need to delve deeper to enhance the quality of care. Leisure-time physical activity moderates the relationship between experiencing a crisis and having difficulty with light household tasks: those who engage in occasional physical activity have less difficulty compared to those who do not engage in it.Gender-modulated relationships among depression, light household tasks and physical activity: population-based moderation analysis
Domingo de-Pedro-Jiménez, Esther Foncubierta-Sierra, Esther Domínguez-Romero, Juan Vega-Escaño, Marta Hernández Martín, Cristina Gavira Fernández
Journal of Public Mental Health, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to study the influence of leisure-time physical activity on depression crises and the difficulty in performing light household tasks.

A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2020 European Health Survey in Spain. A total of 1,076 individuals diagnosed with depression were selected. ANOVA, chi-square, Fisher’s exact test and Mann–Whitney U test were applied, and a simple moderation analysis was conducted using the SPSS PROCESS 4.0 macro.

Women had higher percentages of some or much difficulty in performing domestic activities (p = 0.007). Differences were found between experiencing a crisis in the past 12 months versus not having one (p < 0.001): less physical activity was performed, perceived health was worse and difficulty in performing domestic activities increased. The moderation analysis confirmed the moderating effect of physical activity on the relationship between experiencing a crisis and having difficulty with domestic activities (p = 0.017).

The usual limitation of descriptive cross-sectional studies, which cannot establish causal relationships, must be added to low sample sizes in some categories.

The analysis with gender differentiation, promoting gender-specific adapted practices, considering age and personal circumstances of the patient, appropriate exercise prescription, as well as its evaluation and follow-up, are areas where specialist nurses need to delve deeper to enhance the quality of care.

Leisure-time physical activity moderates the relationship between experiencing a crisis and having difficulty with light household tasks: those who engage in occasional physical activity have less difficulty compared to those who do not engage in it.

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Gender-modulated relationships among depression, light household tasks and physical activity: population-based moderation analysis10.1108/JPMH-11-2023-0098Journal of Public Mental Health2024-01-30© 2024 Domingo de-Pedro-Jiménez, Esther Foncubierta-Sierra, Esther Domínguez-Romero, Juan Vega-Escaño, Marta Hernández Martín and Cristina Gavira Fernández.Domingo de-Pedro-JiménezEsther Foncubierta-SierraEsther Domínguez-RomeroJuan Vega-EscañoMarta Hernández MartínCristina Gavira FernándezJournal of Public Mental Healthahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-3010.1108/JPMH-11-2023-0098https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JPMH-11-2023-0098/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Domingo de-Pedro-Jiménez, Esther Foncubierta-Sierra, Esther Domínguez-Romero, Juan Vega-Escaño, Marta Hernández Martín and Cristina Gavira Fernández.