Journal of Criminal PsychologyTable of Contents for Journal of Criminal Psychology. List of articles from the current issue, including Just Accepted (EarlyCite)https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/2009-3829/vol/14/iss/2?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestJournal of Criminal PsychologyEmerald Publishing LimitedJournal of Criminal PsychologyJournal of Criminal Psychologyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/proxy/containerImg?link=/resource/publication/journal/0440a8c5fef1dbb1612a537612cef9e8/urn:emeraldgroup.com:asset:id:binary:jcp.cover.jpghttps://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/2009-3829/vol/14/iss/2?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestEditorial: “Make out that the fellow is insane”: reflections on mental illness and terrorismhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-05-2024-073/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestEditorial: “Make out that the fellow is insane”: reflections on mental illness and terrorismEditorial: “Make out that the fellow is insane”: reflections on mental illness and terrorism
Andrew Silke
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.97-98]]>
Editorial: “Make out that the fellow is insane”: reflections on mental illness and terrorism10.1108/JCP-05-2024-073Journal of Criminal Psychology2024-03-21© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedAndrew SilkeJournal of Criminal Psychology1422024-03-2110.1108/JCP-05-2024-073https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-05-2024-073/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
A multi-method investigation of motive dispositions: affiliative and antagonistic dispositions in psychopathyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-04-2023-0021/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestTo replicate and extend research on psychopathy and intrinsic interpersonal preferences under the broader umbrella of affiliation, intimacy and antagonism, this paper aims to examine motivational correlates of psychopathy in a nonclinical sample (N = 125). We used a multimethod design, including self-reports, a behavioral task and a physiological assessment of motive dispositions (automatic affective reactions to stimuli of interpersonal transactions measured with facial electromyography). Results showed that self-reported psychopathy was negatively associated with self-reported intimacy motive. In the same vein, via the social discounting task, this paper found a negative association between psychopathy and a tendency to share hypothetical monetary amounts with very close others. Finally, regarding fEMG findings, multilevel analyses revealed that although individuals with low levels of psychopathy reacted more positively to affiliative stimuli, individuals with high levels of psychopathy reacted equally positively to both affiliative and antagonistic stimuli, and these results were robust across psychopathy measures. Results remained mostly unchanged on the subscale level. These findings highlight the contribution of multimethod assessments in capturing nuances of motivation. Implicit physiological measures might be particularly sensitive in capturing motive dispositions in relation to psychopathy. Identifying mechanisms that foster positive connections between psychopathic traits and nonprosocial tendencies may be theoretically and clinically informative, with implications for forensic and penal practices.A multi-method investigation of motive dispositions: affiliative and antagonistic dispositions in psychopathy
Foteini Spantidaki Kyriazi, Stefan Bogaerts, Jaap J.A. Denissen, Shuai Yuan, Michael Dufner, Carlo Garofalo
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.99-119

To replicate and extend research on psychopathy and intrinsic interpersonal preferences under the broader umbrella of affiliation, intimacy and antagonism, this paper aims to examine motivational correlates of psychopathy in a nonclinical sample (N = 125).

We used a multimethod design, including self-reports, a behavioral task and a physiological assessment of motive dispositions (automatic affective reactions to stimuli of interpersonal transactions measured with facial electromyography).

Results showed that self-reported psychopathy was negatively associated with self-reported intimacy motive. In the same vein, via the social discounting task, this paper found a negative association between psychopathy and a tendency to share hypothetical monetary amounts with very close others. Finally, regarding fEMG findings, multilevel analyses revealed that although individuals with low levels of psychopathy reacted more positively to affiliative stimuli, individuals with high levels of psychopathy reacted equally positively to both affiliative and antagonistic stimuli, and these results were robust across psychopathy measures. Results remained mostly unchanged on the subscale level.

These findings highlight the contribution of multimethod assessments in capturing nuances of motivation. Implicit physiological measures might be particularly sensitive in capturing motive dispositions in relation to psychopathy. Identifying mechanisms that foster positive connections between psychopathic traits and nonprosocial tendencies may be theoretically and clinically informative, with implications for forensic and penal practices.

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A multi-method investigation of motive dispositions: affiliative and antagonistic dispositions in psychopathy10.1108/JCP-04-2023-0021Journal of Criminal Psychology2023-09-07© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedFoteini Spantidaki KyriaziStefan BogaertsJaap J.A. DenissenShuai YuanMichael DufnerCarlo GarofaloJournal of Criminal Psychology1422023-09-0710.1108/JCP-04-2023-0021https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-04-2023-0021/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Gender biases in legal decision-making: an exploration of judicial and public perceptions across multiple offenceshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-07-2023-0049/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of the paper is to investigate how judges and the general population formulate judgments on legal cases, considering both legal and extralegal factors, with a focus on the significance of the defendant’s sex. The first experiment aimed to determine if non-lawyers’ judgments are affected by the defendant’s sex, using brief excerpts from indictments with the defendant’s sex interchanged. Study 2 aimed to verify if this effect applies to future lawyers, suggesting a peculiar approval granted by men to women displaying illegal sexual behaviour towards young men. The findings showed that the sex of the offender only influenced judgments in sexual offences, with male participants being more lenient towards female offenders. The originality/value of the paper lies in its examination of the influence of the defendant’s sex on judgments made by both judges and the general population, specifically focussing on non-lawyers’ judgments. While previous studies have shown that judges tend to be more lenient towards women in certain cases, this paper adds novelty by investigating whether a similar effect is observed among non-lawyers. Moreover, the research sheds light on the relevance of the defendant's sex in cases of sexual offences and identifies a gender-specific leniency towards female offenders, particularly among male participants. The study also explores how this effect might extend to future lawyers, providing insights into societal attitudes regarding illegal sexual behaviour involving women and young men. Overall, the paper contributes valuable information to the understanding of how sex-based biases can influence legal judgments and decision-making processes.Gender biases in legal decision-making: an exploration of judicial and public perceptions across multiple offences
Monika Lewandowicz-Machnikowska, Tomasz Grzyb, Dariusz Dolinski, Wojciech Kulesza
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.120-135

The purpose of the paper is to investigate how judges and the general population formulate judgments on legal cases, considering both legal and extralegal factors, with a focus on the significance of the defendant’s sex.

The first experiment aimed to determine if non-lawyers’ judgments are affected by the defendant’s sex, using brief excerpts from indictments with the defendant’s sex interchanged. Study 2 aimed to verify if this effect applies to future lawyers, suggesting a peculiar approval granted by men to women displaying illegal sexual behaviour towards young men.

The findings showed that the sex of the offender only influenced judgments in sexual offences, with male participants being more lenient towards female offenders.

The originality/value of the paper lies in its examination of the influence of the defendant’s sex on judgments made by both judges and the general population, specifically focussing on non-lawyers’ judgments. While previous studies have shown that judges tend to be more lenient towards women in certain cases, this paper adds novelty by investigating whether a similar effect is observed among non-lawyers. Moreover, the research sheds light on the relevance of the defendant's sex in cases of sexual offences and identifies a gender-specific leniency towards female offenders, particularly among male participants. The study also explores how this effect might extend to future lawyers, providing insights into societal attitudes regarding illegal sexual behaviour involving women and young men. Overall, the paper contributes valuable information to the understanding of how sex-based biases can influence legal judgments and decision-making processes.

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Gender biases in legal decision-making: an exploration of judicial and public perceptions across multiple offences10.1108/JCP-07-2023-0049Journal of Criminal Psychology2023-10-19© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedMonika Lewandowicz-MachnikowskaTomasz GrzybDariusz DolinskiWojciech KuleszaJournal of Criminal Psychology1422023-10-1910.1108/JCP-07-2023-0049https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-07-2023-0049/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The current role and contribution of “behavioural investigative advisers” (BIAs) to criminal investigation in the United Kingdomhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-07-2023-0044/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe present study aims to examine the scope and contribution of behavioural investigative advice (BIA) reports from the National Crime Agency (NCA). The 77 BIA reports reviewed were written between 2016 and 2021. They were evaluated using Toulmin’s (1958) strategy for structuring pertinent arguments, current compliance with professional standards, the grounds and backing provided for the claims made and the potential utility of the recommendations provided. Consistent with previous research, most of the reports involved murder and sexual offences. The BIA reports met professional standards with extremely high frequency. The 77 reports contained a total of 1,308 claims of which 99% were based on stated grounds. A warrant and/or backing was provided for 73% of the claims. Most of the claims in the BIA reports involved a behavioural evaluation of the crime scene and offender characteristics. The potential utility of the reports was judged to be 95% for informative behavioural crime scene analysis and 40% for potential new lines of enquiry. The reports should serve as a model for the work of behavioural investigative advisers internationally. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to systematically evaluate BIA reports commissioned by the NCA; it adds to previous similar studies by evaluating the largest number of BIA reports ever reviewed, and uniquely provides judgement of overall utility.The current role and contribution of “behavioural investigative advisers” (BIAs) to criminal investigation in the United Kingdom
Tinna Dögg Sigurdardóttir, Lee Rainbow, Adam Gregory, Pippa Gregory, Gisli Hannes Gudjonsson
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.136-156

The present study aims to examine the scope and contribution of behavioural investigative advice (BIA) reports from the National Crime Agency (NCA).

The 77 BIA reports reviewed were written between 2016 and 2021. They were evaluated using Toulmin’s (1958) strategy for structuring pertinent arguments, current compliance with professional standards, the grounds and backing provided for the claims made and the potential utility of the recommendations provided.

Consistent with previous research, most of the reports involved murder and sexual offences. The BIA reports met professional standards with extremely high frequency. The 77 reports contained a total of 1,308 claims of which 99% were based on stated grounds. A warrant and/or backing was provided for 73% of the claims. Most of the claims in the BIA reports involved a behavioural evaluation of the crime scene and offender characteristics. The potential utility of the reports was judged to be 95% for informative behavioural crime scene analysis and 40% for potential new lines of enquiry.

The reports should serve as a model for the work of behavioural investigative advisers internationally.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to systematically evaluate BIA reports commissioned by the NCA; it adds to previous similar studies by evaluating the largest number of BIA reports ever reviewed, and uniquely provides judgement of overall utility.

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The current role and contribution of “behavioural investigative advisers” (BIAs) to criminal investigation in the United Kingdom10.1108/JCP-07-2023-0044Journal of Criminal Psychology2023-10-19© 2023 Tinna Dögg Sigurdardóttir, Lee Rainbow, Adam Gregory, Pippa Gregory and Gisli Hannes Gudjonsson.Tinna Dögg SigurdardóttirLee RainbowAdam GregoryPippa GregoryGisli Hannes GudjonssonJournal of Criminal Psychology1422023-10-1910.1108/JCP-07-2023-0044https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-07-2023-0044/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Tinna Dögg Sigurdardóttir, Lee Rainbow, Adam Gregory, Pippa Gregory and Gisli Hannes Gudjonsson.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
The age of extremism: a crime script analysis of violent and nonviolent extremists according to age of first extremist acthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-05-2023-0025/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to compare violent and non-violent extremists in terms of their age when they first perpetrate an extremist act, and to understand how this relates to other factors underlying extremist behaviours. While the end goal of many extremists may be functionally similar, the pathways into extremism vary, and the literature has demonstrated that a “one-size-fits-all” explanation does not exist. Motivational drivers are complex and dynamic; therefore, attempting to identify a terrorist “profile” has limited applied efficacy. This study applied a temporal approach (“crime script analysis” or CSA) to identify, map and compare the sequential stages (or “scenes”) in the life histories of violent and non-violent extremists who have committed acts of extremism across different age groups. Crime scripts comprising mainly qualitative data for 40 male extremists (20 violent, 20 non-violent “cases”) were developed, and CSA was conducted according to the age at which they committed their first extremist offence. Results demonstrated key temporal, developmental differences between the pathways of extremists who commit their first offence at different ages. One key difference was that for both the violent and non-violent extremists, those under 30 used the internet as a main means of joining networks and spreading information, whereas the over 30s made more personal, community links. This research can aid identification of potential environmental triggers and potential increased susceptibility to triggers across certain age groups.The age of extremism: a crime script analysis of violent and nonviolent extremists according to age of first extremist act
Sarah Knight, Abbie Maroño, David Keatley
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.157-179

The purpose of this study is to compare violent and non-violent extremists in terms of their age when they first perpetrate an extremist act, and to understand how this relates to other factors underlying extremist behaviours. While the end goal of many extremists may be functionally similar, the pathways into extremism vary, and the literature has demonstrated that a “one-size-fits-all” explanation does not exist. Motivational drivers are complex and dynamic; therefore, attempting to identify a terrorist “profile” has limited applied efficacy.

This study applied a temporal approach (“crime script analysis” or CSA) to identify, map and compare the sequential stages (or “scenes”) in the life histories of violent and non-violent extremists who have committed acts of extremism across different age groups. Crime scripts comprising mainly qualitative data for 40 male extremists (20 violent, 20 non-violent “cases”) were developed, and CSA was conducted according to the age at which they committed their first extremist offence.

Results demonstrated key temporal, developmental differences between the pathways of extremists who commit their first offence at different ages. One key difference was that for both the violent and non-violent extremists, those under 30 used the internet as a main means of joining networks and spreading information, whereas the over 30s made more personal, community links.

This research can aid identification of potential environmental triggers and potential increased susceptibility to triggers across certain age groups.

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The age of extremism: a crime script analysis of violent and nonviolent extremists according to age of first extremist act10.1108/JCP-05-2023-0025Journal of Criminal Psychology2023-12-11© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedSarah KnightAbbie MaroñoDavid KeatleyJournal of Criminal Psychology1422023-12-1110.1108/JCP-05-2023-0025https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-05-2023-0025/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Forensic mental health assessments of juvenile misdemeanor cases involving demoralization (status offenses) and delinquencyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-10-2023-0069/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe role of evidence-based psychological knowledge in cases of juvenile offending is essential to make appropriate decisions relating to youth who violate legal or social norms, as it carries implications for treatment, intervention and practice. Psychological expert opinions therefore need to meet high formal and methodological requirements while maintaining ethical standards. The purpose of this study is to investigate psychological expert opinions in cases of juvenile misbehavior reported to regional courts in Poland. Juvenile court proceedings concern cases of demoralization and/or delinquent offenses. Demoralization is a legal concept described in the Act of June 9, 2022 on juvenile support and resocialization. This concept was not defined; it was only described through examples of behaviors indicating demoralization. These include the following: violations of the principles of community life; evading compulsory education or schooling; use of alcohol, narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their precursors, substitutes or new psychoactive substances; and prostitution. To reach these goals, court records of juvenile cases in six district courts (N = 253) were gathered and analyzed. A semistructured questionnaire was used to examine the cases in which psychologists were appointed and to analyze the procedures used by these experts for assessing adolescents and their families. Findings revealed that family judges appoint psychologists both in cases of “demoralization” (i.e. status offenses) and in cases of juvenile delinquency. The opinions were delivered by psychologists who were mostly members of diagnostic teams. Results indicate that such opinions generally comply with the minimal standards recommended by the Ministry of Justice, yet a few problems were observed with the determination of levels of demoralization. The limitations of diagnostic tools used by psychologists are discussed, and recommendations for future practice are provided.Forensic mental health assessments of juvenile misdemeanor cases involving demoralization (status offenses) and delinquency
Danuta Rode, Joanna Kabzińska, Magdalena Rode, Ewa Habzda-Siwek, Daniel Boduszek
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.180-195

The role of evidence-based psychological knowledge in cases of juvenile offending is essential to make appropriate decisions relating to youth who violate legal or social norms, as it carries implications for treatment, intervention and practice. Psychological expert opinions therefore need to meet high formal and methodological requirements while maintaining ethical standards. The purpose of this study is to investigate psychological expert opinions in cases of juvenile misbehavior reported to regional courts in Poland. Juvenile court proceedings concern cases of demoralization and/or delinquent offenses. Demoralization is a legal concept described in the Act of June 9, 2022 on juvenile support and resocialization. This concept was not defined; it was only described through examples of behaviors indicating demoralization. These include the following: violations of the principles of community life; evading compulsory education or schooling; use of alcohol, narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their precursors, substitutes or new psychoactive substances; and prostitution.

To reach these goals, court records of juvenile cases in six district courts (N = 253) were gathered and analyzed. A semistructured questionnaire was used to examine the cases in which psychologists were appointed and to analyze the procedures used by these experts for assessing adolescents and their families.

Findings revealed that family judges appoint psychologists both in cases of “demoralization” (i.e. status offenses) and in cases of juvenile delinquency. The opinions were delivered by psychologists who were mostly members of diagnostic teams. Results indicate that such opinions generally comply with the minimal standards recommended by the Ministry of Justice, yet a few problems were observed with the determination of levels of demoralization.

The limitations of diagnostic tools used by psychologists are discussed, and recommendations for future practice are provided.

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Forensic mental health assessments of juvenile misdemeanor cases involving demoralization (status offenses) and delinquency10.1108/JCP-10-2023-0069Journal of Criminal Psychology2023-12-21© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedDanuta RodeJoanna KabzińskaMagdalena RodeEwa Habzda-SiwekDaniel BoduszekJournal of Criminal Psychology1422023-12-2110.1108/JCP-10-2023-0069https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-10-2023-0069/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Job stress and burnout among prison staff: a systematic literature reviewhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-10-2023-0067/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to systematically review the recent empirical literature on job stress and burnout among prison staff with a focus on predictors, outcomes of stress and burnout and the mediating role that stress and burnout can play between its predictors and outcomes. The authors followed systematic literature review (SLR) protocols for the social sciences, and searches were done on two large research databases: SCOPUS and Web of Science. Articles included in the study were from January 2015 to March 2020. After the screening and eligibility processes, 48 articles met the inclusion/exclusion criteria, and 33 articles were included in the full-text qualitative analysis. Characteristics of the samples, main authors and journals and measures used to assess stress and burnout are presented, showing that most research was done in the USA, with cross-sectional studies using similar measures of stress and burnout. Results from the qualitative analysis were organised around the main research questions. Most studies explored the antecedents of stress and burnout in the context of the job demands – resources model. Common predictors that consistently increase stress and burnout among different samples include perceived dangerousness of the job and work–family conflict. Participation in decision-making and social support consistently decrease job stress. This paper presents a SLR on stress and burnout among prison officers in a pre-COVID-19 pandemic era, providing an important picture of the published scientific research on the topic as well as implications for theory and practice.Job stress and burnout among prison staff: a systematic literature review
Vítor Costa, Samuel Monteiro, Ana Isabel Cunha, Henrique Pereira, Graça Esgalhado
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.196-212

The purpose of this study is to systematically review the recent empirical literature on job stress and burnout among prison staff with a focus on predictors, outcomes of stress and burnout and the mediating role that stress and burnout can play between its predictors and outcomes.

The authors followed systematic literature review (SLR) protocols for the social sciences, and searches were done on two large research databases: SCOPUS and Web of Science. Articles included in the study were from January 2015 to March 2020. After the screening and eligibility processes, 48 articles met the inclusion/exclusion criteria, and 33 articles were included in the full-text qualitative analysis.

Characteristics of the samples, main authors and journals and measures used to assess stress and burnout are presented, showing that most research was done in the USA, with cross-sectional studies using similar measures of stress and burnout. Results from the qualitative analysis were organised around the main research questions. Most studies explored the antecedents of stress and burnout in the context of the job demands – resources model. Common predictors that consistently increase stress and burnout among different samples include perceived dangerousness of the job and work–family conflict. Participation in decision-making and social support consistently decrease job stress.

This paper presents a SLR on stress and burnout among prison officers in a pre-COVID-19 pandemic era, providing an important picture of the published scientific research on the topic as well as implications for theory and practice.

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Job stress and burnout among prison staff: a systematic literature review10.1108/JCP-10-2023-0067Journal of Criminal Psychology2024-01-04© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedVítor CostaSamuel MonteiroAna Isabel CunhaHenrique PereiraGraça EsgalhadoJournal of Criminal Psychology1422024-01-0410.1108/JCP-10-2023-0067https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-10-2023-0067/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Book review: sexual history evidence and the rape trialhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-05-2024-072/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestBook review: sexual history evidence and the rape trialBook review: sexual history evidence and the rape trial
Charlotte Herriott
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.213-215]]>
Book review: sexual history evidence and the rape trial10.1108/JCP-05-2024-072Journal of Criminal Psychology2024-03-26© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedCharlotte HerriottJournal of Criminal Psychology1422024-03-2610.1108/JCP-05-2024-072https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-05-2024-072/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Beliefs in repressed memory and dissociative amnesia from a cross-cultural lenshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-06-2023-0037/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aimed to examine beliefs in repressed memory and dissociative amnesia from a cross-cultural perspective. Chinese (n = 123) and Belgian student participants (n = 270) received several statements tapping into various dimensions of repressed memory and dissociative amnesia. Participants provided belief ratings for each of these statements. Because the field of psychoanalysis is less well developed in China, it was expected that Chinese participants would believe less in repressed memory and dissociative amnesia than their Belgian counterparts. Overall, beliefs in repressed memory and dissociative amnesia were high among all participants. Although confirmatory analyses revealed that most belief ratings concerning statements did not statistically significantly differ between the two samples, Chinese participants did statistically believe less that therapy can recover lost traumatic memories than Belgian participants. Also, exploratory analyses showed that Chinese participants were more critical towards the idea that traumatic memories can be unconsciously repressed and that these memories can be accurately retrieved in therapy than Belgian participants. Many participants also confused repressed memory with plausible memory mechanisms such as ordinary forgetting. The current study extends previous surveys on repressed memory and dissociative amnesia by comparing their beliefs in different cultures.Beliefs in repressed memory and dissociative amnesia from a cross-cultural lens
Henry Otgaar, Yikang Zhang, Chunlin Li, Jianqin Wang
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aimed to examine beliefs in repressed memory and dissociative amnesia from a cross-cultural perspective.

Chinese (n = 123) and Belgian student participants (n = 270) received several statements tapping into various dimensions of repressed memory and dissociative amnesia. Participants provided belief ratings for each of these statements. Because the field of psychoanalysis is less well developed in China, it was expected that Chinese participants would believe less in repressed memory and dissociative amnesia than their Belgian counterparts.

Overall, beliefs in repressed memory and dissociative amnesia were high among all participants. Although confirmatory analyses revealed that most belief ratings concerning statements did not statistically significantly differ between the two samples, Chinese participants did statistically believe less that therapy can recover lost traumatic memories than Belgian participants. Also, exploratory analyses showed that Chinese participants were more critical towards the idea that traumatic memories can be unconsciously repressed and that these memories can be accurately retrieved in therapy than Belgian participants. Many participants also confused repressed memory with plausible memory mechanisms such as ordinary forgetting.

The current study extends previous surveys on repressed memory and dissociative amnesia by comparing their beliefs in different cultures.

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Beliefs in repressed memory and dissociative amnesia from a cross-cultural lens10.1108/JCP-06-2023-0037Journal of Criminal Psychology2023-09-12© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedHenry OtgaarYikang ZhangChunlin LiJianqin WangJournal of Criminal Psychologyahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-09-1210.1108/JCP-06-2023-0037https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-06-2023-0037/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
What happened that day? Recall for events of a day that later became importanthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-06-2023-0040/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study was to explore potential witnesses' memories for a day that was experienced an unremarkable. There may be instances in an investigation in which all leads have been exhausted, and investigators use a broad appeal for witnesses who may have witnessed something important. Investigators can benefit from knowing the types of information that may be recalled in such circumstances, as well as identifying specific methods that are effective in eliciting useful information. The present study explored how the delay to recall and recall method influenced the recollection of a seemingly unremarkable day that later became important. Participants were asked to recall an experienced event that occurred either recently (a few weeks prior) or in the distant past (a year prior). Participants recalled via either a written method, in-person individual-spoken or collaborative-spoken interviews. Results suggest an independent benefit for individual-spoken in-person recall (compared to written or collaborative-spoken recall) and recall undertaken closely after an event (compared to delayed recall). Both individual-spoken interviews as well as more recent recollection resulted in a greater number of overall details recalled. The authors further examined the types of details recalled that might be important to progressing an investigation (e.g. other witnesses and records). The present work provides important implications for interviewing witnesses about a seemingly unremarkable event that later became important.What happened that day? Recall for events of a day that later became important
Madison B. Harvey, Heather L. Price, Kirk Luther
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study was to explore potential witnesses' memories for a day that was experienced an unremarkable. There may be instances in an investigation in which all leads have been exhausted, and investigators use a broad appeal for witnesses who may have witnessed something important. Investigators can benefit from knowing the types of information that may be recalled in such circumstances, as well as identifying specific methods that are effective in eliciting useful information.

The present study explored how the delay to recall and recall method influenced the recollection of a seemingly unremarkable day that later became important. Participants were asked to recall an experienced event that occurred either recently (a few weeks prior) or in the distant past (a year prior). Participants recalled via either a written method, in-person individual-spoken or collaborative-spoken interviews.

Results suggest an independent benefit for individual-spoken in-person recall (compared to written or collaborative-spoken recall) and recall undertaken closely after an event (compared to delayed recall). Both individual-spoken interviews as well as more recent recollection resulted in a greater number of overall details recalled. The authors further examined the types of details recalled that might be important to progressing an investigation (e.g. other witnesses and records).

The present work provides important implications for interviewing witnesses about a seemingly unremarkable event that later became important.

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What happened that day? Recall for events of a day that later became important10.1108/JCP-06-2023-0040Journal of Criminal Psychology2023-11-06© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedMadison B. HarveyHeather L. PriceKirk LutherJournal of Criminal Psychologyahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-0610.1108/JCP-06-2023-0040https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-06-2023-0040/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The current role and contribution of ‘forensic clinical psychologists’ (FCPs) to criminal investigation in the United Kingdomhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-07-2023-0043/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to examine the scope and contribution of Forensic Clinical Psychology (FCP) advice from the National Crime Agency (NCA) to criminal investigations in the UK to address the gap in current knowledge and research. The 36 FCP reports reviewed were written between 2017 and 2021. They were analysed using Toulmin’s (1958) application of pertinent arguments to the evaluation process. The potential utility of the reports was analysed in terms of the advice provided. Most of the reports involved murder and equivocal death. The reports focused primarily on understanding the offender’s psychopathology, actions, motivation and risk to self and others using a practitioner model of case study methodology. Out of the 539 claims, grounds were provided for 99% of the claims, 91% had designated modality, 62% of the claims were potentially verifiable and 57% of the claims were supported by a warrant and/or backing. Most of the reports provided either moderate or high insight into the offence/offender (92%) and potential for new leads (64%). The advice provided relied heavily on extensive forensic clinical and investigative experience of offenders, guided by theory and research and was often performed under considerable time pressure. Flexibility, impartiality, rigour and resilience are essential prerequisites for this type of work. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to systematically evaluate forensic clinical psychology reports from the NCA. It shows the pragmatic, dynamic and varied nature of FCP contributions to investigations and its potential utility.The current role and contribution of ‘forensic clinical psychologists’ (FCPs) to criminal investigation in the United Kingdom
Tinna Dögg Sigurdardóttir, Adrian West, Gisli Hannes Gudjonsson
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to examine the scope and contribution of Forensic Clinical Psychology (FCP) advice from the National Crime Agency (NCA) to criminal investigations in the UK to address the gap in current knowledge and research.

The 36 FCP reports reviewed were written between 2017 and 2021. They were analysed using Toulmin’s (1958) application of pertinent arguments to the evaluation process. The potential utility of the reports was analysed in terms of the advice provided.

Most of the reports involved murder and equivocal death. The reports focused primarily on understanding the offender’s psychopathology, actions, motivation and risk to self and others using a practitioner model of case study methodology. Out of the 539 claims, grounds were provided for 99% of the claims, 91% had designated modality, 62% of the claims were potentially verifiable and 57% of the claims were supported by a warrant and/or backing. Most of the reports provided either moderate or high insight into the offence/offender (92%) and potential for new leads (64%).

The advice provided relied heavily on extensive forensic clinical and investigative experience of offenders, guided by theory and research and was often performed under considerable time pressure. Flexibility, impartiality, rigour and resilience are essential prerequisites for this type of work.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to systematically evaluate forensic clinical psychology reports from the NCA. It shows the pragmatic, dynamic and varied nature of FCP contributions to investigations and its potential utility.

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The current role and contribution of ‘forensic clinical psychologists’ (FCPs) to criminal investigation in the United Kingdom10.1108/JCP-07-2023-0043Journal of Criminal Psychology2023-10-24© 2023 Tinna Dögg Sigurdardóttir, Adrian West and Gisli Hannes Gudjonsson.Tinna Dögg SigurdardóttirAdrian WestGisli Hannes GudjonssonJournal of Criminal Psychologyahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-2410.1108/JCP-07-2023-0043https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-07-2023-0043/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Tinna Dögg Sigurdardóttir, Adrian West and Gisli Hannes Gudjonsson.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
A systematic review of evidence capturing efficacy of community and school-based approaches to knife crime intervention and prevention programshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-09-2023-0054/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestKnife crime and serious violent crime (SVC) among youth has been growing at an alarming rate in the UK (Harding and Allen, 2021). Community and school-based intervention and prevention services to tackle knife crime are being developed with some evaluation; however, these are independent and of varied quality and rigour. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to record the approaches being developed and synthesise existing evidence of the impact and effectiveness of programmes to reduce knife crime. In addition, the complex factors contributing to knife crime and SVC are discussed. A systematic approach was used to conduct this knife crime intervention evidence review using two search engines and four databases. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure focus and relevance. The results of searches and decisions by the research team were recorded at each stage using Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). Some evidence underpins the development of services to reduce knife crime. Much of the evidence comes from government funded project reports, intervention and prevention services reports, with few studies evaluating the efficacy of intervention programmes at present. Some studies that measured immediate impact in line with the programme’s aims were found and demonstrated positive results. This systematic review specifically synthesised the evidence and data derived from knife crime and weapon carrying interventions and preventions, integrating both grey and published literature, with a novel discussion that highlights the importance of outcome evaluations and issues with measuring the success of individual level interventions and their contributions to the overall reduction of violence.A systematic review of evidence capturing efficacy of community and school-based approaches to knife crime intervention and prevention programs
Dean Wilkinson, Isha Chopra, Sophie Badger
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Knife crime and serious violent crime (SVC) among youth has been growing at an alarming rate in the UK (Harding and Allen, 2021). Community and school-based intervention and prevention services to tackle knife crime are being developed with some evaluation; however, these are independent and of varied quality and rigour. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to record the approaches being developed and synthesise existing evidence of the impact and effectiveness of programmes to reduce knife crime. In addition, the complex factors contributing to knife crime and SVC are discussed.

A systematic approach was used to conduct this knife crime intervention evidence review using two search engines and four databases. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure focus and relevance. The results of searches and decisions by the research team were recorded at each stage using Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA).

Some evidence underpins the development of services to reduce knife crime. Much of the evidence comes from government funded project reports, intervention and prevention services reports, with few studies evaluating the efficacy of intervention programmes at present. Some studies that measured immediate impact in line with the programme’s aims were found and demonstrated positive results.

This systematic review specifically synthesised the evidence and data derived from knife crime and weapon carrying interventions and preventions, integrating both grey and published literature, with a novel discussion that highlights the importance of outcome evaluations and issues with measuring the success of individual level interventions and their contributions to the overall reduction of violence.

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A systematic review of evidence capturing efficacy of community and school-based approaches to knife crime intervention and prevention programs10.1108/JCP-09-2023-0054Journal of Criminal Psychology2024-03-28© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedDean WilkinsonIsha ChopraSophie BadgerJournal of Criminal Psychologyahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2810.1108/JCP-09-2023-0054https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-09-2023-0054/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Does a conduct disorder factor increment the capacity of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Short to predict criminal recidivism?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-09-2023-0056/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestRecent developments in the psychometric assessment of youth psychopathic traits suggest that the inclusion of a conduct disorder (CD) factor to the traditional three factors of the psychopathy construct may improve the incremental validity of these measures. The purpose of the current study is to examine whether the addition of a CD factor incrementally improves the ability of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory Short version (YPI-S) to predict criminal recidivism. A longitudinal quantitative research design was used with a sample detained male youth (N = 214, Mage = 16.4 years, SDage = 1.3 years). Results using the area under the curve analysis suggest that the inclusion of a CD factor slightly improves the capacity of the YPI-S to predict one-year general criminal recidivism, but it does not significantly increase its capacity to predict violent criminal recidivism. Results also indicate that a CD scale outperforms the YPI-S, even with an additional CD factor included, in terms of predicting one-year general and violent recidivism. Self-reported youth psychopathic trait measures, even those that include a CD factor as a fourth factor, should be used with caution when the aim is to predict youth criminal recidivism. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study using a self-reported youth psychopathic traits measure with a CD factor to examine youth criminal recidivism.Does a conduct disorder factor increment the capacity of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Short to predict criminal recidivism?
Pedro Pechorro, Paula Gomide, Matt DeLisi, Mário Simões
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Recent developments in the psychometric assessment of youth psychopathic traits suggest that the inclusion of a conduct disorder (CD) factor to the traditional three factors of the psychopathy construct may improve the incremental validity of these measures. The purpose of the current study is to examine whether the addition of a CD factor incrementally improves the ability of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory Short version (YPI-S) to predict criminal recidivism.

A longitudinal quantitative research design was used with a sample detained male youth (N = 214, Mage = 16.4 years, SDage = 1.3 years).

Results using the area under the curve analysis suggest that the inclusion of a CD factor slightly improves the capacity of the YPI-S to predict one-year general criminal recidivism, but it does not significantly increase its capacity to predict violent criminal recidivism. Results also indicate that a CD scale outperforms the YPI-S, even with an additional CD factor included, in terms of predicting one-year general and violent recidivism.

Self-reported youth psychopathic trait measures, even those that include a CD factor as a fourth factor, should be used with caution when the aim is to predict youth criminal recidivism.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study using a self-reported youth psychopathic traits measure with a CD factor to examine youth criminal recidivism.

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Does a conduct disorder factor increment the capacity of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Short to predict criminal recidivism?10.1108/JCP-09-2023-0056Journal of Criminal Psychology2023-10-30© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedPedro PechorroPaula GomideMatt DeLisiMário SimõesJournal of Criminal Psychologyahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-3010.1108/JCP-09-2023-0056https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-09-2023-0056/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Measuring criminal thinking among convicts imprisoned in Punjab prisons of Pakistanhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-09-2023-0057/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to differentiate crime-related characteristics (such as the number of cases filed against current convictions and criminal history) based on the criminal thinking prevailing among convicts. However, because of the low reliability of subscales and poor structural validity of indigenous and translated versions of international instruments, a new instrument criminal attitude measure (CAM) was extracted to measure criminal thinking patterns among convicts incarcerated in central prisons of Punjab. A cross-sectional research design was used. Data was collected from 1,949 male convicts (extracting mutually exclusive data from 649 respondents for EFA and 1,300 respondents for confirmatory factor analysis [CFA]). Both data samples were collected from convicts incarcerated in the nine (all) central jails of Punjab, Pakistan. The results of this study showed poor model fit for both the indigenous criminal thinking scale and the translated version of criminogenic cognition scale. CAM was extracted through principal component analysis and proposed as a 15-item questionnaire with five factors extracted through varimax rotation. Those five factors are power orientation, mollification, entitlement, mistrust toward authorities and short-term orientation. The results of CFA for CAM confirmed the proposed five-factor structure for the construct. Findings based on MANOVA further found that CAM differentiates between the thinking patterns of recidivists, convicts with multiple charges filed against them in current convictions and convicts with a familial criminal record. The findings of this study showed that CAM is a practical, valid and reliable instrument for measuring criminal thinking among convicts. In this study, using the survey method was inevitable because of the restrictions imposed by the granted permission. However, this time duration was extended because of the courtesy of the Superintendent and Deputy Superintendent of each jail. This study is focused on a male sample only, and the findings cannot be generalized to females. The phenomena proposed (based on large data sets) in this study can further be elaborated using qualitative research designs and methods (using a small sample with an in-depth study). So, it is also suggested to test this new instrument on a comparative study between prisoners and non-prisoners to explore whether scale can differentiate between these two groups. A short-scale and easy-to-administer instrument was developed for assessing major criminogenic needs among convicts for prison management, i.e. assigning barracks, allocating treatment and also detecting changes in attitude after imprisonment. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first study to explore and validate the construct of criminal attitudes among convicts using both the EFA and CFA. A small and valid instrument facilitates the measurement of criminogenic needs among prisoners. Data was collected from all central jails in Punjab. This study explored comparatively less researched crime characteristics in a relatively large sample.Measuring criminal thinking among convicts imprisoned in Punjab prisons of Pakistan
Nimrah Ishfaq, Anila Kamal
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to differentiate crime-related characteristics (such as the number of cases filed against current convictions and criminal history) based on the criminal thinking prevailing among convicts. However, because of the low reliability of subscales and poor structural validity of indigenous and translated versions of international instruments, a new instrument criminal attitude measure (CAM) was extracted to measure criminal thinking patterns among convicts incarcerated in central prisons of Punjab.

A cross-sectional research design was used. Data was collected from 1,949 male convicts (extracting mutually exclusive data from 649 respondents for EFA and 1,300 respondents for confirmatory factor analysis [CFA]). Both data samples were collected from convicts incarcerated in the nine (all) central jails of Punjab, Pakistan.

The results of this study showed poor model fit for both the indigenous criminal thinking scale and the translated version of criminogenic cognition scale. CAM was extracted through principal component analysis and proposed as a 15-item questionnaire with five factors extracted through varimax rotation. Those five factors are power orientation, mollification, entitlement, mistrust toward authorities and short-term orientation. The results of CFA for CAM confirmed the proposed five-factor structure for the construct. Findings based on MANOVA further found that CAM differentiates between the thinking patterns of recidivists, convicts with multiple charges filed against them in current convictions and convicts with a familial criminal record. The findings of this study showed that CAM is a practical, valid and reliable instrument for measuring criminal thinking among convicts.

In this study, using the survey method was inevitable because of the restrictions imposed by the granted permission. However, this time duration was extended because of the courtesy of the Superintendent and Deputy Superintendent of each jail. This study is focused on a male sample only, and the findings cannot be generalized to females. The phenomena proposed (based on large data sets) in this study can further be elaborated using qualitative research designs and methods (using a small sample with an in-depth study). So, it is also suggested to test this new instrument on a comparative study between prisoners and non-prisoners to explore whether scale can differentiate between these two groups.

A short-scale and easy-to-administer instrument was developed for assessing major criminogenic needs among convicts for prison management, i.e. assigning barracks, allocating treatment and also detecting changes in attitude after imprisonment.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first study to explore and validate the construct of criminal attitudes among convicts using both the EFA and CFA. A small and valid instrument facilitates the measurement of criminogenic needs among prisoners. Data was collected from all central jails in Punjab. This study explored comparatively less researched crime characteristics in a relatively large sample.

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Measuring criminal thinking among convicts imprisoned in Punjab prisons of Pakistan10.1108/JCP-09-2023-0057Journal of Criminal Psychology2023-12-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedNimrah IshfaqAnila KamalJournal of Criminal Psychologyahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-12-2810.1108/JCP-09-2023-0057https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-09-2023-0057/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Juror decision-making within domestic sex trafficking cases: do pre-trial attitudes, gender, culture and right-wing authoritarianism predict believability assessments?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-09-2023-0059/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to examine whether country of residence, sex trafficking attitudes, complainant gender, juror gender and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) influenced juror decision-making within a sex trafficking case. Jury-eligible participants from the USA and the UK participated in an online juror experiment in which an independent group design was used to manipulate the complainant’s gender. Participants completed the juror decision scale, the sex trafficking attitudes scale and the RWA scale. Sex trafficking attitudes predicted the believability of both the defendant and complainant. Greater negative beliefs about victims predicted greater defendant believability and lower complainant believability. US jurors reported greater believability of both the complainant and defendant, and RWA was associated with greater defendant believability. However, none of the other factors, including complainant and juror gender, predicted participants’ verdicts. The findings suggest juror verdicts in sex trafficking cases may be less influenced by extra-legal factors, although further research is needed, especially with a more ambiguous case. This is one of the few cross-cultural comparison studies in the area of jury decision-making, specifically regarding sex trafficking cases. The findings indicated that US participants held more problematic attitudes about sex trafficking than their UK counterparts, although all participants held problematic attitudes about sex trafficking. However, those attitudes did not affect verdict formation about either a male or female complainant. Participants who were more knowledgeable about sex trafficking reported greater complainant believability, suggesting that educational interventions may provide greater support for victims in court.Juror decision-making within domestic sex trafficking cases: do pre-trial attitudes, gender, culture and right-wing authoritarianism predict believability assessments?
Kay Lynn Stevens, Dara Mojtahedi, Adam Austin
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to examine whether country of residence, sex trafficking attitudes, complainant gender, juror gender and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) influenced juror decision-making within a sex trafficking case.

Jury-eligible participants from the USA and the UK participated in an online juror experiment in which an independent group design was used to manipulate the complainant’s gender. Participants completed the juror decision scale, the sex trafficking attitudes scale and the RWA scale.

Sex trafficking attitudes predicted the believability of both the defendant and complainant. Greater negative beliefs about victims predicted greater defendant believability and lower complainant believability. US jurors reported greater believability of both the complainant and defendant, and RWA was associated with greater defendant believability. However, none of the other factors, including complainant and juror gender, predicted participants’ verdicts. The findings suggest juror verdicts in sex trafficking cases may be less influenced by extra-legal factors, although further research is needed, especially with a more ambiguous case.

This is one of the few cross-cultural comparison studies in the area of jury decision-making, specifically regarding sex trafficking cases. The findings indicated that US participants held more problematic attitudes about sex trafficking than their UK counterparts, although all participants held problematic attitudes about sex trafficking. However, those attitudes did not affect verdict formation about either a male or female complainant. Participants who were more knowledgeable about sex trafficking reported greater complainant believability, suggesting that educational interventions may provide greater support for victims in court.

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Juror decision-making within domestic sex trafficking cases: do pre-trial attitudes, gender, culture and right-wing authoritarianism predict believability assessments?10.1108/JCP-09-2023-0059Journal of Criminal Psychology2023-10-19© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedKay Lynn StevensDara MojtahediAdam AustinJournal of Criminal Psychologyahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-1910.1108/JCP-09-2023-0059https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-09-2023-0059/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The lived experiences of women who discovered their partner perpetrated a sexual offencehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-10-2023-0065/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to explore the experiences of non-offending partners (NOPs) of men who perpetrated contact and non-contact sexual offences. In-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out with eight women and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings yielded two superordinate themes, eight subordinate themes and an overarching theme. The first superordinate theme “Paying for their Husband’s Transgressions” captured many ways in which the women’s lives were impacted by their husbands offending. The second superordinate theme “Navigating the Darkness” encompassed the women’s experiences of trying to adapt to their new lives. The overarching theme “A Contaminated Life” pertained to the shared experiences of the women who all described encountering instant and profound consequences. This research highlighted the need for immediate signposting to support services for NOPs. The value of a humanistic counselling approach paired with forensic expertise was also identified. Future research with cross-cultural samples and same sex-couples would enrich the current understanding of this experience. This research highlighted the need for immediate signposting to support services for NOPs. The value of a humanistic counselling approach paired with forensic expertise was also identified. Qualitative research on the experiences of NOPs of men who perpetrated sexual offences is sparse. Furthermore, existing research focuses on the experiences of women who’s own children were abused, with the partners of men who have perpetrated extra-familial or non-contact offenses remaining largely neglected.The lived experiences of women who discovered their partner perpetrated a sexual offence
Eileen Conmy, Garry Prentice, Barbara Hannigan, Timothy James Trimble
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to explore the experiences of non-offending partners (NOPs) of men who perpetrated contact and non-contact sexual offences.

In-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out with eight women and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Findings yielded two superordinate themes, eight subordinate themes and an overarching theme. The first superordinate theme “Paying for their Husband’s Transgressions” captured many ways in which the women’s lives were impacted by their husbands offending. The second superordinate theme “Navigating the Darkness” encompassed the women’s experiences of trying to adapt to their new lives. The overarching theme “A Contaminated Life” pertained to the shared experiences of the women who all described encountering instant and profound consequences. This research highlighted the need for immediate signposting to support services for NOPs. The value of a humanistic counselling approach paired with forensic expertise was also identified. Future research with cross-cultural samples and same sex-couples would enrich the current understanding of this experience.

This research highlighted the need for immediate signposting to support services for NOPs. The value of a humanistic counselling approach paired with forensic expertise was also identified.

Qualitative research on the experiences of NOPs of men who perpetrated sexual offences is sparse. Furthermore, existing research focuses on the experiences of women who’s own children were abused, with the partners of men who have perpetrated extra-familial or non-contact offenses remaining largely neglected.

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The lived experiences of women who discovered their partner perpetrated a sexual offence10.1108/JCP-10-2023-0065Journal of Criminal Psychology2023-12-07© 2023 Eileen Conmy, Garry Prentice, Barbara Hannigan and Timothy James Trimble.Eileen ConmyGarry PrenticeBarbara HanniganTimothy James TrimbleJournal of Criminal Psychologyahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-12-0710.1108/JCP-10-2023-0065https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-10-2023-0065/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Eileen Conmy, Garry Prentice, Barbara Hannigan and Timothy James Trimble.http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Exploring the perceived importance of neuroscientific research on addictions in legal contexts: a survey of US criminal justice students and German legal professionalshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-11-2023-0071/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestNeuroscientific research on addictions has prompted a paradigm shift from a moral to a medical understanding – with substantial implications for legal professionals’ interactions with and decision-making surrounding individuals with addiction. This study complements prior work on US defense attorney’s understandings of addiction by investigating two further perspectives: the potential “next generation” of legal professionals in the USA (criminal justice undergraduates) and legal professionals from another system (Germany). This paper aims to assess their views on the brain disease model of addiction, dominance and relevance of this model, the responsibility of affected persons and preferred sources of information. Views of 74 US criminal justice undergraduate students and 74 German legal professionals were assessed using Likert scales and open-ended questions in an online survey. Neuroscientific research findings on addictions and views that addiction is a brain disease were rated as significantly more relevant by American students to their potential future work than by German legal professionals. However, a majority of both samples agreed that addiction is a brain disease and that those affected are responsible for their condition and actions. Sources of information most frequently used by both groups were publications in legal academic journals. In the USA, information for legal professionals needs to be expanded and integrated into the education of its “next generation,” while in Germany it needs to be developed and promoted. Legal academic journals appear to play a primary role in the transfer of research on addiction into legal practice. This study complements prior work on US defense attorney’s understandings of addiction by investigating two further perspectives.Exploring the perceived importance of neuroscientific research on addictions in legal contexts: a survey of US criminal justice students and German legal professionals
Doris Ochterbeck, Colleen M. Berryessa, Sarah Forberger
Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Neuroscientific research on addictions has prompted a paradigm shift from a moral to a medical understanding – with substantial implications for legal professionals’ interactions with and decision-making surrounding individuals with addiction. This study complements prior work on US defense attorney’s understandings of addiction by investigating two further perspectives: the potential “next generation” of legal professionals in the USA (criminal justice undergraduates) and legal professionals from another system (Germany). This paper aims to assess their views on the brain disease model of addiction, dominance and relevance of this model, the responsibility of affected persons and preferred sources of information.

Views of 74 US criminal justice undergraduate students and 74 German legal professionals were assessed using Likert scales and open-ended questions in an online survey.

Neuroscientific research findings on addictions and views that addiction is a brain disease were rated as significantly more relevant by American students to their potential future work than by German legal professionals. However, a majority of both samples agreed that addiction is a brain disease and that those affected are responsible for their condition and actions. Sources of information most frequently used by both groups were publications in legal academic journals.

In the USA, information for legal professionals needs to be expanded and integrated into the education of its “next generation,” while in Germany it needs to be developed and promoted. Legal academic journals appear to play a primary role in the transfer of research on addiction into legal practice.

This study complements prior work on US defense attorney’s understandings of addiction by investigating two further perspectives.

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Exploring the perceived importance of neuroscientific research on addictions in legal contexts: a survey of US criminal justice students and German legal professionals10.1108/JCP-11-2023-0071Journal of Criminal Psychology2024-02-26© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedDoris OchterbeckColleen M. BerryessaSarah ForbergerJournal of Criminal Psychologyahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-2610.1108/JCP-11-2023-0071https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCP-11-2023-0071/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited