Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable DevelopmentTable of Contents for Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development. List of articles from the current issue, including Just Accepted (EarlyCite)https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/2044-1266/vol/14/iss/2?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable DevelopmentEmerald Publishing LimitedJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable DevelopmentJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmenthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/proxy/containerImg?link=/resource/publication/journal/7d4f9f5be9fc663e8b54ee6708b2ea3d/urn:emeraldgroup.com:asset:id:binary:jchmsd.cover.jpghttps://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/2044-1266/vol/14/iss/2?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestPast, present and future challenges for Australia's indigenous heritage management national policyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0079/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestAustralia appears to be encountering a crisis in the protection of certain heritage places, despite its strong reputation in heritage conservation built up since the 1970s. Consequently, this paper examines changes to national cultural heritage management policy over the last few decades to understand more about this crisis. Indigenous (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander heritage) was selected as the key focus. This paper applies a cultural heritage management framework tested first in Hong Kong to measure Australian paradigm change over 45 years. It found the 1990s shift away from the provision of independent technical advice on national heritage policy has had a major impact. This shift is based on a change in ethos away from the earlier Whitlam/National Estate broader vision of heritage responsibilities towards a narrower more conservative one at the national level. Also, it found that studies and policymaking should allow for Indigenous voices. More Indigenous input in heritage policy formulation at all levels of government would further decolonise Indigenous heritage governance to deal justly with Indigenous Australians and their heritage. Resources did not allow for comparative studies of the non-Indigenous (historic) and natural heritage as part of the current study. The study also included a consultation paper and an online conference presentation that have raised questions about the efficacy of current national policy on Indigenous places, on which a national conversation is urgently needed. The recent review of the National Heritage Strategy by the Australian Commonwealth Government based some of its proposed options on those listed in the consultation paper to initiate this conversation in a limited way. One finding is that attention to heritage policy and protection must be ongoing at all levels of government and inclusive of First People's human rights, particularly those concerning their heritage. In regard to Australia, most Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander respondents in this study would like to see targeted funding return for more than just iconic Indigenous places and for the creation of a more independent heritage body that allows them more self-determination in the care of their heritage. The paper's value is that it investigates the Australian Heritage Commission's impact in the development of Australian cultural heritage management and associated national policy. Also, it provides insights for other postcolonial or New World settler societies dealing with the same issues or any decision-makers considering establishing a national independent body to oversee heritage protection and policymaking.Past, present and future challenges for Australia's indigenous heritage management national policy
Hilary du Cros
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.137-159

Australia appears to be encountering a crisis in the protection of certain heritage places, despite its strong reputation in heritage conservation built up since the 1970s. Consequently, this paper examines changes to national cultural heritage management policy over the last few decades to understand more about this crisis.

Indigenous (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander heritage) was selected as the key focus. This paper applies a cultural heritage management framework tested first in Hong Kong to measure Australian paradigm change over 45 years.

It found the 1990s shift away from the provision of independent technical advice on national heritage policy has had a major impact. This shift is based on a change in ethos away from the earlier Whitlam/National Estate broader vision of heritage responsibilities towards a narrower more conservative one at the national level. Also, it found that studies and policymaking should allow for Indigenous voices. More Indigenous input in heritage policy formulation at all levels of government would further decolonise Indigenous heritage governance to deal justly with Indigenous Australians and their heritage.

Resources did not allow for comparative studies of the non-Indigenous (historic) and natural heritage as part of the current study.

The study also included a consultation paper and an online conference presentation that have raised questions about the efficacy of current national policy on Indigenous places, on which a national conversation is urgently needed. The recent review of the National Heritage Strategy by the Australian Commonwealth Government based some of its proposed options on those listed in the consultation paper to initiate this conversation in a limited way.

One finding is that attention to heritage policy and protection must be ongoing at all levels of government and inclusive of First People's human rights, particularly those concerning their heritage. In regard to Australia, most Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander respondents in this study would like to see targeted funding return for more than just iconic Indigenous places and for the creation of a more independent heritage body that allows them more self-determination in the care of their heritage.

The paper's value is that it investigates the Australian Heritage Commission's impact in the development of Australian cultural heritage management and associated national policy. Also, it provides insights for other postcolonial or New World settler societies dealing with the same issues or any decision-makers considering establishing a national independent body to oversee heritage protection and policymaking.

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Past, present and future challenges for Australia's indigenous heritage management national policy10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0079Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-02-18© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedHilary du CrosJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development1422022-02-1810.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0079https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0079/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
A review of ontologies for augmented reality cultural heritage applicationshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0110/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to review ontologies and data models currently in use for augmented reality (AR) applications, in the cultural heritage (CH) domain, specifically in an urban environment. The aim is to see the current trends in ontologies and data models used and investigate their applications in real world scenarios. Some special cases of applications or ontologies are also discussed, as being interesting enough to merit special consideration. A search using Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect and IEEE Xplore was done in order to find articles that describe ontologies and data models in AR CH applications. The authors identified the articles that analyze the use of ontologies and/or data models, as well as articles that were deemed to be of special interest. This review found that CIDOC-CRM is the most popular ontology closely followed by Historical Context Ontology (HiCO). Also, a combination of current ontologies seems to be the most complete way to fully describe a CH object or site. A layered ontology model is suggested, which can be expanded according to the specific project. This study provides an overview of ontologies and data models for AR CH applications in urban environments. There are several ontologies currently in use in the CH domain, with none having been universally adopted, while new ontologies or extensions to existing ones are being created, in the attempt to fully describe a CH object or site. Also, this study suggests a combination of popular ontologies in a multi-layer model.A review of ontologies for augmented reality cultural heritage applications
Apostolos Vlachos, Maria Perifanou, Anastasios A. Economides
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.160-174

The purpose of this paper is to review ontologies and data models currently in use for augmented reality (AR) applications, in the cultural heritage (CH) domain, specifically in an urban environment. The aim is to see the current trends in ontologies and data models used and investigate their applications in real world scenarios. Some special cases of applications or ontologies are also discussed, as being interesting enough to merit special consideration.

A search using Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect and IEEE Xplore was done in order to find articles that describe ontologies and data models in AR CH applications. The authors identified the articles that analyze the use of ontologies and/or data models, as well as articles that were deemed to be of special interest.

This review found that CIDOC-CRM is the most popular ontology closely followed by Historical Context Ontology (HiCO). Also, a combination of current ontologies seems to be the most complete way to fully describe a CH object or site. A layered ontology model is suggested, which can be expanded according to the specific project.

This study provides an overview of ontologies and data models for AR CH applications in urban environments. There are several ontologies currently in use in the CH domain, with none having been universally adopted, while new ontologies or extensions to existing ones are being created, in the attempt to fully describe a CH object or site. Also, this study suggests a combination of popular ontologies in a multi-layer model.

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A review of ontologies for augmented reality cultural heritage applications10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0110Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-02-22© 2021 Emerald Publishing LimitedApostolos VlachosMaria PerifanouAnastasios A. EconomidesJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development1422022-02-2210.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0110https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0110/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2021 Emerald Publishing Limited
Forest conservation by the indigenous Baduy community in the form of customary lawhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2020-0171/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe Baduy tribe has its own uniqueness and values regarding the forest; it manages the forest using customary law to keep it sustainable. This research aims to describe the position of customary law used by the Baduy tribe to conserve forest areas. This research is a qualitative research conducted in September 2019 and 2020 at Baduy. The data were collected through a literature study and in-depth interviews with informants related to the Baduy tribe. The collected data included documentation and interview transcripts that were translated into English. Data analysis was conducted in a descriptive manner, equipped with related evidence. The Baduy community holds firm to its customs and culture called pikukuh. The Baduy community applies the concept of sustainable forest management in that local communities are directly involved in forest management activities to improve welfare and implement sustainable forests. The implication of this research is that it is beneficial for forest conservation based on customary law, using the conservation approach of the Baduy tribe as a local community in protecting the sustainability of forest resources and their sustainability for the next generation. This study contributes as a guide for the government to formulate policies that will include local communities into conservation programs and government policies. It may apply to a study of coordination with related institutions such as the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in implementing forest conservation. This study uses primary data from the Baduy tribe, which has unique local traditional values regarding the territory and the important role of the forest. The originality of the findings from the excavation of each activity was based on the procedures and beliefs regulated in customary law regarding forest management. Preservation of traditional knowledge in customary law has contributed to the urgency of sustainable forest conservation and biodiversity conservation, which is part of the traditional knowledge of the Baduy tribe.Forest conservation by the indigenous Baduy community in the form of customary law
Donna Asteria, Putri Alvernia, Berliana Nur Kholila, Sabarina Isma Husein, Farha Widya Asrofani
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.175-189

The Baduy tribe has its own uniqueness and values regarding the forest; it manages the forest using customary law to keep it sustainable. This research aims to describe the position of customary law used by the Baduy tribe to conserve forest areas.

This research is a qualitative research conducted in September 2019 and 2020 at Baduy. The data were collected through a literature study and in-depth interviews with informants related to the Baduy tribe. The collected data included documentation and interview transcripts that were translated into English. Data analysis was conducted in a descriptive manner, equipped with related evidence.

The Baduy community holds firm to its customs and culture called pikukuh. The Baduy community applies the concept of sustainable forest management in that local communities are directly involved in forest management activities to improve welfare and implement sustainable forests.

The implication of this research is that it is beneficial for forest conservation based on customary law, using the conservation approach of the Baduy tribe as a local community in protecting the sustainability of forest resources and their sustainability for the next generation. This study contributes as a guide for the government to formulate policies that will include local communities into conservation programs and government policies. It may apply to a study of coordination with related institutions such as the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in implementing forest conservation.

This study uses primary data from the Baduy tribe, which has unique local traditional values regarding the territory and the important role of the forest. The originality of the findings from the excavation of each activity was based on the procedures and beliefs regulated in customary law regarding forest management. Preservation of traditional knowledge in customary law has contributed to the urgency of sustainable forest conservation and biodiversity conservation, which is part of the traditional knowledge of the Baduy tribe.

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Forest conservation by the indigenous Baduy community in the form of customary law10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2020-0171Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-03-01© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedDonna AsteriaPutri AlverniaBerliana Nur KholilaSabarina Isma HuseinFarha Widya AsrofaniJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development1422022-03-0110.1108/JCHMSD-12-2020-0171https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2020-0171/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Not all deities were transformed in Igboland: a cultural history of the Api-Opi deityhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0132/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study examines the cultural history of the Api-Opi deity in Opi, Nsukka, Enugu State of Nigeria. The study sets out to examine the re-emergence of youthful worshippers of Api-Opi, despite the penetration of Christianity in the area. The study employed ethnographic observation and field visits to the shrine of Api-Opi in Opi community of Enugu State, Nigeria. In addition, this study uncovers new information drawn from semi-structured interview questions undertaken in the study area between March and October of 2019. Against certain claims on the impact of Christianity on Africa's traditional religions, the study found that the Api-Opi deity has withstood these post-colonial changes, growing its followership, particularly amongst the youths. It demonstrated the resilience of Igbo Traditional Worship System even in the midst of culture clash and religious iconoclasm advanced by Christianity in Igboland, Nigeria. Evidence from this study helps debunk the notions of Eurocentric scholars who say African traditional religions are fetish, barbaric or primitive. It also shows how indigenous communities have protected and preserved their religious heritage despite the wave of modernization and other eternal influences. The study contributes to the increasing conversations about the role of traditional religion in the cultural resilience/revitalization of indigenous communities.Not all deities were transformed in Igboland: a cultural history of the Api-Opi deity
Mathias Chukwudi Isiani, Stanley Jachike Onyemechalu, Somtochukwu C. Osinem, Sopuluchukwu Amarachukwu Dimelu, Ngozika Anthonia Obi-Ani
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.190-204

This study examines the cultural history of the Api-Opi deity in Opi, Nsukka, Enugu State of Nigeria. The study sets out to examine the re-emergence of youthful worshippers of Api-Opi, despite the penetration of Christianity in the area.

The study employed ethnographic observation and field visits to the shrine of Api-Opi in Opi community of Enugu State, Nigeria. In addition, this study uncovers new information drawn from semi-structured interview questions undertaken in the study area between March and October of 2019.

Against certain claims on the impact of Christianity on Africa's traditional religions, the study found that the Api-Opi deity has withstood these post-colonial changes, growing its followership, particularly amongst the youths. It demonstrated the resilience of Igbo Traditional Worship System even in the midst of culture clash and religious iconoclasm advanced by Christianity in Igboland, Nigeria.

Evidence from this study helps debunk the notions of Eurocentric scholars who say African traditional religions are fetish, barbaric or primitive. It also shows how indigenous communities have protected and preserved their religious heritage despite the wave of modernization and other eternal influences. The study contributes to the increasing conversations about the role of traditional religion in the cultural resilience/revitalization of indigenous communities.

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Not all deities were transformed in Igboland: a cultural history of the Api-Opi deity10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0132Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-02-14© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMathias Chukwudi IsianiStanley Jachike OnyemechaluSomtochukwu C. OsinemSopuluchukwu Amarachukwu DimeluNgozika Anthonia Obi-AniJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development1422022-02-1410.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0132https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0132/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Documenting cultural heritage in an INSPIRE-based 3D GIS for risk and vulnerability analysishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0068/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe study, within the Increasing Resilience of Cultural Heritage (ResCult) project, aims to support civil protection to prevent, lessen and mitigate disasters impacts on cultural heritage using a unique standardised-3D geographical information system (GIS), including both heritage and risk and hazard information. A top-down approach, starting from existing standards (an INSPIRE extension integrated with other parts from the standardised and shared structure), was completed with a bottom-up integration according to current requirements for disaster prevention procedures and risk analyses. The results were validated and tested in case studies (differentiated concerning the hazard and type of protected heritage) and refined during user forums. Besides the ensuing reusable database structure, the filling with case studies data underlined the tough challenges and allowed proposing a sample of workflows and possible guidelines. The interfaces are provided to use the obtained knowledge base. The increasing number of natural disasters could severely damage the cultural heritage, causing permanent damage to movable and immovable assets and tangible and intangible heritage. The study provides an original tool properly relating the (spatial) information regarding cultural heritage and the risk factors in a unique archive as a standard-based European tool to cope with these frequent losses, preventing risk.Documenting cultural heritage in an INSPIRE-based 3D GIS for risk and vulnerability analysis
Elisabetta Colucci, Francesca Matrone, Francesca Noardo, Vanessa Assumma, Giulia Datola, Federica Appiotti, Marta Bottero, Filiberto Chiabrando, Patrizia Lombardi, Massimo Migliorini, Enrico Rinaldi, Antonia Spanò, Andrea Lingua
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.205-234

The study, within the Increasing Resilience of Cultural Heritage (ResCult) project, aims to support civil protection to prevent, lessen and mitigate disasters impacts on cultural heritage using a unique standardised-3D geographical information system (GIS), including both heritage and risk and hazard information.

A top-down approach, starting from existing standards (an INSPIRE extension integrated with other parts from the standardised and shared structure), was completed with a bottom-up integration according to current requirements for disaster prevention procedures and risk analyses. The results were validated and tested in case studies (differentiated concerning the hazard and type of protected heritage) and refined during user forums.

Besides the ensuing reusable database structure, the filling with case studies data underlined the tough challenges and allowed proposing a sample of workflows and possible guidelines. The interfaces are provided to use the obtained knowledge base.

The increasing number of natural disasters could severely damage the cultural heritage, causing permanent damage to movable and immovable assets and tangible and intangible heritage. The study provides an original tool properly relating the (spatial) information regarding cultural heritage and the risk factors in a unique archive as a standard-based European tool to cope with these frequent losses, preventing risk.

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Documenting cultural heritage in an INSPIRE-based 3D GIS for risk and vulnerability analysis10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0068Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-03-01© 2022 Elisabetta Colucci, Francesca Matrone, Francesca Noardo, Vanessa Assumma, Giulia Datola, Federica Appiotti, Marta Bottero, Filiberto Chiabrando, Patrizia Lombardi, Massimo Migliorini, Enrico Rinaldi, Antonia Spanò and Andrea LinguaElisabetta ColucciFrancesca MatroneFrancesca NoardoVanessa AssummaGiulia DatolaFederica AppiottiMarta BotteroFiliberto ChiabrandoPatrizia LombardiMassimo MiglioriniEnrico RinaldiAntonia SpanòAndrea LinguaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development1422022-03-0110.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0068https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0068/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Elisabetta Colucci, Francesca Matrone, Francesca Noardo, Vanessa Assumma, Giulia Datola, Federica Appiotti, Marta Bottero, Filiberto Chiabrando, Patrizia Lombardi, Massimo Migliorini, Enrico Rinaldi, Antonia Spanò and Andrea Linguahttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
A holistic conservation and development approach for Gaziantep Rumkale archaeological sitehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0146/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe aim of this paper is to determine the scope and content for a holistic conservation and development strategies in the case of Gaziantep Rumkale. This approach seeks an answer to the question of “How can Rumkale archaeological heritage be preserved with their original values and passed on to future generations?” The materials of the paper are based on field research and written and visual resource. The paper has been handled with a four-step method setup. The first stage is to examine the spatial and functional background of Rumkale and its immediate surroundings based on the historical development process. The second stage is to evaluate the upper- and lower-scale planning experiences of the heritage site. The third stage of the research methodology is strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. The fourth stage is the creation of cultural heritage conservation-development strategies that define strategies for the protection and development of archaeological heritage in the context of sustainability. The paper emphasizes the development of a holistic perspective that theoretically deals with the archaeological heritage sites of Rumkale together with the surrounding rural areas. In this context, the paper suggests ecological, spatial, socio-cultural, economic and institutional protection development strategies for the Rumkale archaeological site together with the surrounding rural areas for their delivery to future generations. Although the area has an important cultural heritage value for different religions and cultures, it has not been subject to sufficient scientific research. The paper develops a holistic approach by considering Rumkale and its surroundings together.A holistic conservation and development approach for Gaziantep Rumkale archaeological site
M. Serhat Yenice, Emine Yagmur
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.235-251

The aim of this paper is to determine the scope and content for a holistic conservation and development strategies in the case of Gaziantep Rumkale. This approach seeks an answer to the question of “How can Rumkale archaeological heritage be preserved with their original values and passed on to future generations?”

The materials of the paper are based on field research and written and visual resource. The paper has been handled with a four-step method setup. The first stage is to examine the spatial and functional background of Rumkale and its immediate surroundings based on the historical development process. The second stage is to evaluate the upper- and lower-scale planning experiences of the heritage site. The third stage of the research methodology is strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. The fourth stage is the creation of cultural heritage conservation-development strategies that define strategies for the protection and development of archaeological heritage in the context of sustainability.

The paper emphasizes the development of a holistic perspective that theoretically deals with the archaeological heritage sites of Rumkale together with the surrounding rural areas. In this context, the paper suggests ecological, spatial, socio-cultural, economic and institutional protection development strategies for the Rumkale archaeological site together with the surrounding rural areas for their delivery to future generations.

Although the area has an important cultural heritage value for different religions and cultures, it has not been subject to sufficient scientific research. The paper develops a holistic approach by considering Rumkale and its surroundings together.

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A holistic conservation and development approach for Gaziantep Rumkale archaeological site10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0146Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-04-05© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedM. Serhat YeniceEmine YagmurJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development1422022-04-0510.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0146https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0146/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Heritage futures: A conversationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0156/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis article explores the concept of “heritage futures”, the role of heritage in managing relations between present and future societies. It assesses how thinking strategically about the future changes, complicates and contextualises practices of heritage. What might an attention to the future bring to work in heritage, and simultaneously, what challenges—both practical and ethical—arise? This article takes the form of a conversation about the nature of heritage futures and how such a project may be implemented in both heritage practice and field research in heritage studies. The two authors are heritage scholars who integrate heritage futures questions into their research in different ways, and their conversation uncovers potentialities and difficulties in the heritage futures project. The discussion covers the particular ethical issues that arise when the dimension of time is added to heritage research and practice, including questions of continuism, presentism and specificity. The conversation argues for the importance of considering the future in heritage studies and heritage practice and that this forms a key part of understanding how heritage may be part of building a sustainable present and future. The future is an under-examined concept within heritage studies, even as heritage is often framed as something to be preserved “for future generations”. But what impact might it have on heritage practice to really consider what this means, beyond the platitude? This article suggests that heritage scholars and practitioners direct their attention to this often-neglected facet of heritage.Heritage futures: A conversation
Cornelius Holtorf, Annalisa Bolin
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.252-265

This article explores the concept of “heritage futures”, the role of heritage in managing relations between present and future societies. It assesses how thinking strategically about the future changes, complicates and contextualises practices of heritage. What might an attention to the future bring to work in heritage, and simultaneously, what challenges—both practical and ethical—arise?

This article takes the form of a conversation about the nature of heritage futures and how such a project may be implemented in both heritage practice and field research in heritage studies. The two authors are heritage scholars who integrate heritage futures questions into their research in different ways, and their conversation uncovers potentialities and difficulties in the heritage futures project.

The discussion covers the particular ethical issues that arise when the dimension of time is added to heritage research and practice, including questions of continuism, presentism and specificity. The conversation argues for the importance of considering the future in heritage studies and heritage practice and that this forms a key part of understanding how heritage may be part of building a sustainable present and future.

The future is an under-examined concept within heritage studies, even as heritage is often framed as something to be preserved “for future generations”. But what impact might it have on heritage practice to really consider what this means, beyond the platitude? This article suggests that heritage scholars and practitioners direct their attention to this often-neglected facet of heritage.

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Heritage futures: A conversation10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0156Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-01-13© 2021 Cornelius Holtorf and Annalisa BolinCornelius HoltorfAnnalisa BolinJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development1422022-01-1310.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0156https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0156/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2021 Cornelius Holtorf and Annalisa Bolinhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Ancient routes, new gateways: a systematic literature review of China's cultural route heritagehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0114/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe study aims to understand how cultural route heritage is conceptualized and managed in China by systematically reviewing the research literature on Chinese cultural route heritage (CRH). The study intends to inspire further discussion on the theoretical and practical development of cultural routes since the development is still at a liminal stage in China. A total of 253 research articles related to Chinese cultural rote heritage from major Chinese and English research databases China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus have been comprehensively identified and reviewed for the purpose of the study. Four major themes of research on Chinese CRH have been identified: conceptual evaluation, list of the routes and characteristics of the routes, conservation and utilization. The results revealed that China has very rich resources in CRH, many of which were formed a long time ago, which exist across vast geographic regions and have assumed multiple functions and undergone dynamic reciprocal exchanges among diverse cultures and ethnicities. The paper summarizes some major obstacles faced by CRH in China and proposes a strategic model to address the need for a more sustainable development of CRH in the Chinese context. The paper offers a comprehensive overview of CRH in China and discusses practical issues in management and development of heritage great in size, number and complexity.Ancient routes, new gateways: a systematic literature review of China's cultural route heritage
Ke Zhang, Almudena González del Valle-Brena, Ignacio Ramos Riera, Jingli Zhao
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.266-281

The study aims to understand how cultural route heritage is conceptualized and managed in China by systematically reviewing the research literature on Chinese cultural route heritage (CRH). The study intends to inspire further discussion on the theoretical and practical development of cultural routes since the development is still at a liminal stage in China.

A total of 253 research articles related to Chinese cultural rote heritage from major Chinese and English research databases China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus have been comprehensively identified and reviewed for the purpose of the study.

Four major themes of research on Chinese CRH have been identified: conceptual evaluation, list of the routes and characteristics of the routes, conservation and utilization. The results revealed that China has very rich resources in CRH, many of which were formed a long time ago, which exist across vast geographic regions and have assumed multiple functions and undergone dynamic reciprocal exchanges among diverse cultures and ethnicities.

The paper summarizes some major obstacles faced by CRH in China and proposes a strategic model to address the need for a more sustainable development of CRH in the Chinese context.

The paper offers a comprehensive overview of CRH in China and discusses practical issues in management and development of heritage great in size, number and complexity.

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Ancient routes, new gateways: a systematic literature review of China's cultural route heritage10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0114Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-01-24© 2021 Ke Zhang, Almudena González del Valle-Brena, Ignacio Ramos Riera and Jingli ZhaoKe ZhangAlmudena González del Valle-BrenaIgnacio Ramos RieraJingli ZhaoJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development1422022-01-2410.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0114https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0114/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2021 Ke Zhang, Almudena González del Valle-Brena, Ignacio Ramos Riera and Jingli Zhaohttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
From mine industries to a place of culture, tourism, research and higher education: case study of the great mine Serbariuhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0044/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to explore how closed factories could be transformed and provide a path for sustainable development for a territory. The authors focus on the case of the Great Mine Serbariu, located in Carbonia (Sardinia), which used to be the largest coal mine in Italy between 1939 and 1964. The authors adopt a qualitative research design based on an exploratory single-case study, drawing on interviews with the main stakeholders, on a survey conducted among 5,158 visitors, and on administrative documentation of the City Council. The analysis of the Great Mine Serbariu case showed that the regeneration of an exhausted mine serves a model of sustainable development, especially for the redevelopment of other urban and industrial degraded areas. The Great mine Serbariu was restored and turned into a place of culture, tourism, research and higher education, with the Italian Cultural Centre of Coal Mining (ICCCM) establishing its headquarters in the heart of the former mine. It attracted almost 220,000 visitors, generating both domestic and international tourist flows and making an industrial heritage a real resource for the area. This article advances the authors’ understanding of how closed industries could become an instrument for sustainable development on the social, economic, touristic and cultural levels. This study would help local governments with examples to enhance the historical resources to create a new identity that led to a sustainable development of an urban landscape, and to create networks with other comparable museums all over Europe to better exploit the touristic and cultural potential.From mine industries to a place of culture, tourism, research and higher education: case study of the great mine Serbariu
Sara Pau, Giulia Contu, Vincenzo Rundeddu
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.282-296

This study aims to explore how closed factories could be transformed and provide a path for sustainable development for a territory. The authors focus on the case of the Great Mine Serbariu, located in Carbonia (Sardinia), which used to be the largest coal mine in Italy between 1939 and 1964.

The authors adopt a qualitative research design based on an exploratory single-case study, drawing on interviews with the main stakeholders, on a survey conducted among 5,158 visitors, and on administrative documentation of the City Council.

The analysis of the Great Mine Serbariu case showed that the regeneration of an exhausted mine serves a model of sustainable development, especially for the redevelopment of other urban and industrial degraded areas. The Great mine Serbariu was restored and turned into a place of culture, tourism, research and higher education, with the Italian Cultural Centre of Coal Mining (ICCCM) establishing its headquarters in the heart of the former mine. It attracted almost 220,000 visitors, generating both domestic and international tourist flows and making an industrial heritage a real resource for the area.

This article advances the authors’ understanding of how closed industries could become an instrument for sustainable development on the social, economic, touristic and cultural levels. This study would help local governments with examples to enhance the historical resources to create a new identity that led to a sustainable development of an urban landscape, and to create networks with other comparable museums all over Europe to better exploit the touristic and cultural potential.

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From mine industries to a place of culture, tourism, research and higher education: case study of the great mine Serbariu10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0044Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-01-26© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedSara PauGiulia ContuVincenzo RundedduJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development1422022-01-2610.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0044https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0044/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Living heritage sites in the M'zab valley (Algeria): community and continuityhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0001/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe ancient settlements of the M'zab Valley in Algeria, called ksour, are still being used by local inhabitants a thousand years after their construction. The main objective of this study was to discover why, despite the formation of new residential areas, these settlements have been able to survive and maintain their original functions. The authors used the concept of living heritage sites as an analytical framework. The field data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through qualitative content analysis. This study revealed that the reasons for the survival of these settlements were cultural and social rather than physical. Four main factors play a role in the survival of these settlements: (1) solidarity and unity among the inhabitants, (2) built environment as an ancestral heritage and a symbol of identity, (3) comfort and convenience in ksour and (4) social control and adherence to tradition. However, some concerns have arisen in recent decades that may endanger the viability of these settlements in the future, requiring more attention from the government. While previous studies on urban heritage and World Heritage Sites (WHSs) have mainly focused on tourism development and conservation issues, this paper emphasized a less-studied aspect of these sites, i.e. continuity and sustainability. All previous studies on the WHSs of the M'zab Valley have addressed the traditional architecture and the climatic design of houses without sufficiently addressing other factors that have contributed to the sustainability and resilience of these settlements.Living heritage sites in the M'zab valley (Algeria): community and continuity
Naimeh Rezaei, Abdelaziz Khouadja
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The ancient settlements of the M'zab Valley in Algeria, called ksour, are still being used by local inhabitants a thousand years after their construction. The main objective of this study was to discover why, despite the formation of new residential areas, these settlements have been able to survive and maintain their original functions.

The authors used the concept of living heritage sites as an analytical framework. The field data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through qualitative content analysis.

This study revealed that the reasons for the survival of these settlements were cultural and social rather than physical. Four main factors play a role in the survival of these settlements: (1) solidarity and unity among the inhabitants, (2) built environment as an ancestral heritage and a symbol of identity, (3) comfort and convenience in ksour and (4) social control and adherence to tradition. However, some concerns have arisen in recent decades that may endanger the viability of these settlements in the future, requiring more attention from the government.

While previous studies on urban heritage and World Heritage Sites (WHSs) have mainly focused on tourism development and conservation issues, this paper emphasized a less-studied aspect of these sites, i.e. continuity and sustainability. All previous studies on the WHSs of the M'zab Valley have addressed the traditional architecture and the climatic design of houses without sufficiently addressing other factors that have contributed to the sustainability and resilience of these settlements.

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Living heritage sites in the M'zab valley (Algeria): community and continuity10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0001Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-09-16© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedNaimeh RezaeiAbdelaziz KhouadjaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-1610.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0001https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0001/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Motivations as predictors of religious tourism: the Muslim pilgrimage to the city of Meccahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0005/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestReligious tourism is one of the oldest and fastest-growing segments. This study analyzes religious tourism through the pilgrimage of Muslims to the holy city of Mecca and has the following objectives: (1) establish the motivational dimensions of religious tourism; (2) identify the motivational dimensions that predict the satisfaction of religious tourism and (3) determine the motivational dimensions that predict return, recommend and say positive things about religious tourism applied to the pilgrimage to a sacred city. The sample consisted of Muslim pilgrims who had visited Mecca. The sample was collected in Bahrain, a country located on the Persian Gulf, where most of its population is Muslim. A total of 380 valid questionnaires were obtained online. For the data analysis, factorial analysis and the multiple regression method enter were performed. The results show that religious motivations are more important when visiting a sacred city than secular ones. Three motivational dimensions were found: religious, social and cultural and shopping. The three dimensions found have a significant relationship with satisfaction and loyalty. Likewise, it was found that the religious motivational dimension is the factor that most predicts satisfaction and loyalty in the behavior of religious visits to a sacred city. The main limitation of the present study was the temporality in which the sample was taken because the demand may vary at another time of the year and therefore vary its results. The authors of the study recommend that holy cities increase the religious motivations of these travelers by periodically researching their needs and organizing services to suit their desired spiritual experience. Also, to improve the social and cultural part, travel agencies and tourist companies to Mecca should promote social and cultural motivation among travelers in an appropriate way by providing service packages that involve visits to cultural and social sites such as museums and cultural centers. This research will serve as a management guide for public institutions and private companies to develop more efficient planning in religious destinations and sacred cities. This study is the first to analyze the construct of motivations in the pilgrimage to the city of Mecca, to then establish what the main motivations are that predict satisfaction and loyalty in a religious city. Thus, its results provide important information for tourist destination managers and tourism service providers.Motivations as predictors of religious tourism: the Muslim pilgrimage to the city of Mecca
Tahani Hassan, Mauricio Carvache-Franco, Wilmer Carvache-Franco, Orly Carvache-Franco
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Religious tourism is one of the oldest and fastest-growing segments. This study analyzes religious tourism through the pilgrimage of Muslims to the holy city of Mecca and has the following objectives: (1) establish the motivational dimensions of religious tourism; (2) identify the motivational dimensions that predict the satisfaction of religious tourism and (3) determine the motivational dimensions that predict return, recommend and say positive things about religious tourism applied to the pilgrimage to a sacred city.

The sample consisted of Muslim pilgrims who had visited Mecca. The sample was collected in Bahrain, a country located on the Persian Gulf, where most of its population is Muslim. A total of 380 valid questionnaires were obtained online. For the data analysis, factorial analysis and the multiple regression method enter were performed.

The results show that religious motivations are more important when visiting a sacred city than secular ones. Three motivational dimensions were found: religious, social and cultural and shopping. The three dimensions found have a significant relationship with satisfaction and loyalty. Likewise, it was found that the religious motivational dimension is the factor that most predicts satisfaction and loyalty in the behavior of religious visits to a sacred city.

The main limitation of the present study was the temporality in which the sample was taken because the demand may vary at another time of the year and therefore vary its results.

The authors of the study recommend that holy cities increase the religious motivations of these travelers by periodically researching their needs and organizing services to suit their desired spiritual experience. Also, to improve the social and cultural part, travel agencies and tourist companies to Mecca should promote social and cultural motivation among travelers in an appropriate way by providing service packages that involve visits to cultural and social sites such as museums and cultural centers.

This research will serve as a management guide for public institutions and private companies to develop more efficient planning in religious destinations and sacred cities.

This study is the first to analyze the construct of motivations in the pilgrimage to the city of Mecca, to then establish what the main motivations are that predict satisfaction and loyalty in a religious city. Thus, its results provide important information for tourist destination managers and tourism service providers.

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Motivations as predictors of religious tourism: the Muslim pilgrimage to the city of Mecca10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0005Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-04-08© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedTahani HassanMauricio Carvache-FrancoWilmer Carvache-FrancoOrly Carvache-FrancoJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-04-0810.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0005https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0005/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Citizens' perceptions of World Heritage values: the case of Cuenca, Ecuadorhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0006/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to study possible differences between the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) defined in the designation of Cuenca as a World Heritage (WH) site and its inhabitants' perceptions of heritage value. The study is based on research conducted in the historic centre of Cuenca in Ecuador, which was accorded WH status in 1999. The research employs both quantitative and qualitative methodologies, providing a complementary approach to the research subject. Quantitative research involved a probability survey of 400 informants randomly selected from the population of the canton of Cuenca, while qualitative research included 40 semi-structured interviews with residents and traders in the historic centre and 150 further written consultations with residents of the city. Following the introduction, methodology and description, the paper presents the data gathered from the survey and interviews. These indicate inhabitants' perceptions of the meaning, values, and uses of WH in Cuenca and reveal differences between their perceptions and those of the official OUV. Although there are several studies on WH residents' perceptions of UNESCO OUV, few highlight the mismatch between local community views of heritage and those established by UNESCO. This study reflects critically on the concept of OUV, which is based on technical and political criteria rather than social participation. The study employs methodologies that could be applied in other case studies and used to improve heritage management. This is the only study on local perceptions of Cuenca's OUV.Citizens' perceptions of World Heritage values: the case of Cuenca, Ecuador
Barbara Molina, Gabriela Eljuri, Xavier Roigé Ventura
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to study possible differences between the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) defined in the designation of Cuenca as a World Heritage (WH) site and its inhabitants' perceptions of heritage value. The study is based on research conducted in the historic centre of Cuenca in Ecuador, which was accorded WH status in 1999.

The research employs both quantitative and qualitative methodologies, providing a complementary approach to the research subject. Quantitative research involved a probability survey of 400 informants randomly selected from the population of the canton of Cuenca, while qualitative research included 40 semi-structured interviews with residents and traders in the historic centre and 150 further written consultations with residents of the city.

Following the introduction, methodology and description, the paper presents the data gathered from the survey and interviews. These indicate inhabitants' perceptions of the meaning, values, and uses of WH in Cuenca and reveal differences between their perceptions and those of the official OUV.

Although there are several studies on WH residents' perceptions of UNESCO OUV, few highlight the mismatch between local community views of heritage and those established by UNESCO. This study reflects critically on the concept of OUV, which is based on technical and political criteria rather than social participation. The study employs methodologies that could be applied in other case studies and used to improve heritage management. This is the only study on local perceptions of Cuenca's OUV.

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Citizens' perceptions of World Heritage values: the case of Cuenca, Ecuador10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0006Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-02-28© 2023 Barbara Molina, Gabriela Eljuri and Xavier Roigé VenturaBarbara MolinaGabriela EljuriXavier Roigé VenturaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-2810.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0006https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0006/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Barbara Molina, Gabriela Eljuri and Xavier Roigé Venturahttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Carelessness in preserving manuscripts as a heritage: cases of local treatment in Indonesiahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0008/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims at examining the current condition of ancient manuscripts owned by locals in remote areas of Indonesia, which are mostly in poor condition. It is to describe the factors of these manuscript damages and the implications of the damage. The study employed qualitative design with philological, codicological and anthropological approaches. The participants are manuscript owners and keepers in Western, Central and Eastern parts of Indonesia. Data were collected by direct observations and interviews with the participants. This paper provides empirical insights on how manuscripts were damaged due to human and environmental factors. These factors have caused the loss of part or whole information in the manuscripts, hence causing disconnected knowledge linkage from past to present. Due to the selected scope and area of study, this study may lack generalizability. Further studies can be conducted to examine the physical aspect and the content of the manuscripts. This study suggests the urgency for stakeholders and local governments to preserve the manuscripts by taking specific measures that include preservation training to the locals and conducting a program for digitizing these manuscripts. This paper fulfils an identified need to study how the damages suffered by the local manuscripts.Carelessness in preserving manuscripts as a heritage: cases of local treatment in Indonesia
Fakhriati Fakhriati, Nyimas Umi Kalsum, Sugiarti Sugiarti, Husnul Fahimah Ilyas
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims at examining the current condition of ancient manuscripts owned by locals in remote areas of Indonesia, which are mostly in poor condition. It is to describe the factors of these manuscript damages and the implications of the damage.

The study employed qualitative design with philological, codicological and anthropological approaches. The participants are manuscript owners and keepers in Western, Central and Eastern parts of Indonesia. Data were collected by direct observations and interviews with the participants.

This paper provides empirical insights on how manuscripts were damaged due to human and environmental factors. These factors have caused the loss of part or whole information in the manuscripts, hence causing disconnected knowledge linkage from past to present.

Due to the selected scope and area of study, this study may lack generalizability. Further studies can be conducted to examine the physical aspect and the content of the manuscripts.

This study suggests the urgency for stakeholders and local governments to preserve the manuscripts by taking specific measures that include preservation training to the locals and conducting a program for digitizing these manuscripts.

This paper fulfils an identified need to study how the damages suffered by the local manuscripts.

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Carelessness in preserving manuscripts as a heritage: cases of local treatment in Indonesia10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0008Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-11-22© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedFakhriati FakhriatiNyimas Umi KalsumSugiarti SugiartiHusnul Fahimah IlyasJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-11-2210.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0008https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0008/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Historic public paths in rural areas: engine of development and origin of new conflictshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0010/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIn this article, the authors analyse a complex social process affecting historic public paths in rural areas in southern Spain. Despite the fact that urban populations are demanding the enhancement of this type of natural heritage for tourism, sports and recreational use, some parts of the network have been abandoned or usurped. The study is multidisciplinary, comprising three interlinked studies. The cartographic study comprises an inventory of public paths in rural areas based on administrative sources. The legal study analyses local, regional and national regulations governing agricultural, environmental, heritage, sports and tourism uses of the infrastructure. The sociological study analyses social discourses on the uses of public paths, and identifies conflicts between farmers, landowners, environmentalists, sportspeople and tourists. The preliminary results identified an important public paths network in Andalusia, approximately 160,000 km. The legal study found that there are laws regulating use, although local authorities do not monitor compliance or provide solutions to enhance management. The sociological study determined the attribution of environmental, cultural and economic value to public paths, but also the existence of conflicts between rural and urban populations. Given that this is ongoing research, only state of the art and some preliminary albeit sufficiently consistent results are presented. The results could help to guide public policy and governance of public paths. Public paths promote rural development and a green/sustainable economy. The research results and conclusions are original.Historic public paths in rural areas: engine of development and origin of new conflicts
David Moscoso-Sánchez, José María Nasarre-Sarmiento, Manuel Trujillo-Carmona, Manuel T. González-Fernández, Ana Luque-Gil, Víctor Sánchez-Sanz, Pablo Vidal-González
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

In this article, the authors analyse a complex social process affecting historic public paths in rural areas in southern Spain. Despite the fact that urban populations are demanding the enhancement of this type of natural heritage for tourism, sports and recreational use, some parts of the network have been abandoned or usurped.

The study is multidisciplinary, comprising three interlinked studies. The cartographic study comprises an inventory of public paths in rural areas based on administrative sources. The legal study analyses local, regional and national regulations governing agricultural, environmental, heritage, sports and tourism uses of the infrastructure. The sociological study analyses social discourses on the uses of public paths, and identifies conflicts between farmers, landowners, environmentalists, sportspeople and tourists.

The preliminary results identified an important public paths network in Andalusia, approximately 160,000 km. The legal study found that there are laws regulating use, although local authorities do not monitor compliance or provide solutions to enhance management. The sociological study determined the attribution of environmental, cultural and economic value to public paths, but also the existence of conflicts between rural and urban populations.

Given that this is ongoing research, only state of the art and some preliminary albeit sufficiently consistent results are presented.

The results could help to guide public policy and governance of public paths.

Public paths promote rural development and a green/sustainable economy.

The research results and conclusions are original.

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Historic public paths in rural areas: engine of development and origin of new conflicts10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0010Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-04-19© 2022 David Moscoso-Sánchez, José María Nasarre-Sarmiento, Manuel Trujillo-Carmona, Manuel T. González-Fernández, Ana Luque-Gil, Víctor Sánchez-Sanz and Pablo Vidal-GonzálezDavid Moscoso-SánchezJosé María Nasarre-SarmientoManuel Trujillo-CarmonaManuel T. González-FernándezAna Luque-GilVíctor Sánchez-SanzPablo Vidal-GonzálezJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-04-1910.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0010https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2022-0010/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 David Moscoso-Sánchez, José María Nasarre-Sarmiento, Manuel Trujillo-Carmona, Manuel T. González-Fernández, Ana Luque-Gil, Víctor Sánchez-Sanz and Pablo Vidal-Gonzálezhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Architectural historicism: the reflection of Western medieval architecture on contemporary churches. Jordan as a case studyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2023-0002/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research purpose was to explore the meaning of historicism, architectural historicism, the architectural attributes, design principles, elements and ornamentations of churches in medieval Western architecture, and how they were reflected in contemporary churches' design in Jordan. This research used the historical descriptive–interpretive qualitative research method. Around 24 Western medieval churches were selected, studied and analyzed to explore the common design attributes of each historical era. The design attributes of each era were segmented under three categories: Design principles (plans' typology, facades, shapes, details, composition and building form), design elements (openings, towers and entrances) and ornamentation (sculptures, paintings and interior decoration). Additionally, three modern Jordanian churches were analyzed using the same method to compare with the historical churches through personal observations, field trips, researchers' memories, site visits, archival records, plans, images, books, slides, details and note-making. Different types of evidence were used, such as determinate, contextual and inferential. In addition, different tactics for analysis were used in analyzing the historical churches: site familiarity, use of existing documents, virtual and visual inspection and comparison with conditions elsewhere. Credibility was achieved when the results were reviewed and compared with the original and similar information. Early Christian design principles, elements and ornamentations were reflected in Jordanian churches more than in Byzantine, Renaissance, Romanesque and Gothic. The design principles of Western medieval architecture were reflected in the selected Jordanian churches more than in ornamentation and design elements. Moreover, this research found that the highest reflection of Western medieval architecture on Jordanian churches was in designing the plans, which is a basilica with a central nave and aisles followed by opening styles, façade, shapes, entrances design, composition, painting and the minimum reflection was in sculptures. Additionally, there was no reflection on tower design and interior decoration. This research encourages architects to enhance architectural historicism by focusing on historical styles in contemporary designs and using design elements, principles and decorations of historical styles in medieval architecture to enrich the variety and originality of architectural design and create new modern stylistic architecture. Architectural historicism increases historical self-awareness and helps a generation of architects to answer the question: In what style should be built. Learning the design principles, not copying the past, is becoming a trend for most architects. Architectural historicism introduces new temporal elements, gives a new meaning and primary function to architecture to become socio-temporal and contextual contrast and reflects the essential points of references of the past through design methodology to express the present. The advantage of this research is to put an end to architects' role in syncretism and subjectivism. Instead, historicism architects equipped with the necessary knowledge and supported by the published research and inventors of historical architecture, can choose, imitate, adapt, borrow and use the correct historical forms that originated in a given period.Architectural historicism: the reflection of Western medieval architecture on contemporary churches. Jordan as a case study
Safa A. Alhusban, Ahmad A. Alhusban, Mohammad-Ward A. Alhusban
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research purpose was to explore the meaning of historicism, architectural historicism, the architectural attributes, design principles, elements and ornamentations of churches in medieval Western architecture, and how they were reflected in contemporary churches' design in Jordan.

This research used the historical descriptive–interpretive qualitative research method. Around 24 Western medieval churches were selected, studied and analyzed to explore the common design attributes of each historical era. The design attributes of each era were segmented under three categories: Design principles (plans' typology, facades, shapes, details, composition and building form), design elements (openings, towers and entrances) and ornamentation (sculptures, paintings and interior decoration). Additionally, three modern Jordanian churches were analyzed using the same method to compare with the historical churches through personal observations, field trips, researchers' memories, site visits, archival records, plans, images, books, slides, details and note-making. Different types of evidence were used, such as determinate, contextual and inferential. In addition, different tactics for analysis were used in analyzing the historical churches: site familiarity, use of existing documents, virtual and visual inspection and comparison with conditions elsewhere. Credibility was achieved when the results were reviewed and compared with the original and similar information.

Early Christian design principles, elements and ornamentations were reflected in Jordanian churches more than in Byzantine, Renaissance, Romanesque and Gothic. The design principles of Western medieval architecture were reflected in the selected Jordanian churches more than in ornamentation and design elements. Moreover, this research found that the highest reflection of Western medieval architecture on Jordanian churches was in designing the plans, which is a basilica with a central nave and aisles followed by opening styles, façade, shapes, entrances design, composition, painting and the minimum reflection was in sculptures. Additionally, there was no reflection on tower design and interior decoration.

This research encourages architects to enhance architectural historicism by focusing on historical styles in contemporary designs and using design elements, principles and decorations of historical styles in medieval architecture to enrich the variety and originality of architectural design and create new modern stylistic architecture. Architectural historicism increases historical self-awareness and helps a generation of architects to answer the question: In what style should be built.

Learning the design principles, not copying the past, is becoming a trend for most architects. Architectural historicism introduces new temporal elements, gives a new meaning and primary function to architecture to become socio-temporal and contextual contrast and reflects the essential points of references of the past through design methodology to express the present. The advantage of this research is to put an end to architects' role in syncretism and subjectivism. Instead, historicism architects equipped with the necessary knowledge and supported by the published research and inventors of historical architecture, can choose, imitate, adapt, borrow and use the correct historical forms that originated in a given period.

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Architectural historicism: the reflection of Western medieval architecture on contemporary churches. Jordan as a case study10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2023-0002Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-11-07© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedSafa A. AlhusbanAhmad A. AlhusbanMohammad-Ward A. AlhusbanJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-0710.1108/JCHMSD-01-2023-0002https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2023-0002/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Mitigating visual impacts of built structures: the contribution of mayors in the collaborative managing of a UNESCO cultural landscapehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2021-0017/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestAnalyses of cultural landscapes need to combine natural and social-cultural components to promote discussions on landscape planning and heritage management. This qualitative research explores the integrated case study of ten municipalities in the “Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato”, Italy, a UNESCO World Heritage cultural landscape. The research aims to raise awareness of its aesthetic-perceptive features, the importance of effective identification of visual impacts and to promote mitigation strategies/actions for updating the current Management Plan. Two rounds of interviews and focus groups with mayors were performed in 2015 and 2020 to identify trends and drivers of change affecting the territories. Potential mitigation strategies and actions were voted on and selected in response to five critical themes that emerged from the survey, mainly related to real estate and its supplies. The results suggest tools and policies in the fields of landscape architecture and landscape design that could benefit planning and management at different levels. They support the design of sustainable scenarios, improving mayors' understanding of the significance of cultural landscapes and promoting them as heritage managers. Furthermore, they intend to preserve the authenticity of the landscape by supporting its attributes for long-term conservation. The research makes an original contribution on the visual implications of anthropogenic landscape transformations in ten municipalities constituting this serial property, six years after its UNESCO nomination (2014).Mitigating visual impacts of built structures: the contribution of mayors in the collaborative managing of a UNESCO cultural landscape
Fabrizio Aimar
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Analyses of cultural landscapes need to combine natural and social-cultural components to promote discussions on landscape planning and heritage management. This qualitative research explores the integrated case study of ten municipalities in the “Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato”, Italy, a UNESCO World Heritage cultural landscape. The research aims to raise awareness of its aesthetic-perceptive features, the importance of effective identification of visual impacts and to promote mitigation strategies/actions for updating the current Management Plan.

Two rounds of interviews and focus groups with mayors were performed in 2015 and 2020 to identify trends and drivers of change affecting the territories. Potential mitigation strategies and actions were voted on and selected in response to five critical themes that emerged from the survey, mainly related to real estate and its supplies.

The results suggest tools and policies in the fields of landscape architecture and landscape design that could benefit planning and management at different levels. They support the design of sustainable scenarios, improving mayors' understanding of the significance of cultural landscapes and promoting them as heritage managers. Furthermore, they intend to preserve the authenticity of the landscape by supporting its attributes for long-term conservation.

The research makes an original contribution on the visual implications of anthropogenic landscape transformations in ten municipalities constituting this serial property, six years after its UNESCO nomination (2014).

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Mitigating visual impacts of built structures: the contribution of mayors in the collaborative managing of a UNESCO cultural landscape10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2021-0017Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-07-19© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedFabrizio AimarJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-07-1910.1108/JCHMSD-02-2021-0017https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2021-0017/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The potential role of cultural heritage resources in tourism and community development at Musina municipality, Limpopo province, South Africahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2021-0019/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study evaluates “the potential role of cultural heritage resources in tourism and community development at Musina Municipality, Limpopo, South Africa.” Data on the local communities were collected by questionnaire surveys, focus group discussions and field observations. The study revealed a variety of cultural and heritage resources; however, with current fewer implications of tourism welfare on the livelihoods statuses of the communities. Thus, there was a need for a potentially sound tourism strategy in cultural heritage resources to empower the local communities in the study area. Musina Municipality has some of the most challenging impoverishment attributes within the province, defined by evident poor livelihoods. However, it remarkably possesses rich natural biodiversity and tourism destination areas. In line with the probe on the role of cultural heritage resources in tourism and community development, the study uncovers the values of attributing factors associated with the current nature of social heritage resources and their impacts on tourism and community developments. Issues of heritage and cultural resources on tourism and community development have become of main interest within the tourism industry.The potential role of cultural heritage resources in tourism and community development at Musina municipality, Limpopo province, South Africa
Azwindini Isaac Ramaano
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study evaluates “the potential role of cultural heritage resources in tourism and community development at Musina Municipality, Limpopo, South Africa.”

Data on the local communities were collected by questionnaire surveys, focus group discussions and field observations.

The study revealed a variety of cultural and heritage resources; however, with current fewer implications of tourism welfare on the livelihoods statuses of the communities. Thus, there was a need for a potentially sound tourism strategy in cultural heritage resources to empower the local communities in the study area.

Musina Municipality has some of the most challenging impoverishment attributes within the province, defined by evident poor livelihoods. However, it remarkably possesses rich natural biodiversity and tourism destination areas. In line with the probe on the role of cultural heritage resources in tourism and community development, the study uncovers the values of attributing factors associated with the current nature of social heritage resources and their impacts on tourism and community developments. Issues of heritage and cultural resources on tourism and community development have become of main interest within the tourism industry.

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The potential role of cultural heritage resources in tourism and community development at Musina municipality, Limpopo province, South Africa10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2021-0019Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-06-03© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAzwindini Isaac RamaanoJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-06-0310.1108/JCHMSD-02-2021-0019https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2021-0019/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Twentieth-century built urban heritage potential of the Somali region, its management, challenges and opportunities: the case of Jigjiga, Qebridahar and Erer citieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0020/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe research works concerned with heritage management, in general, are available domestically and globally, but they are not as abundant as required when it comes to the management of twentieth-century urban heritages, particularly the Somali region. Thus, this research is assumed as innovative and evocative of additional research initiatives in the management of twentieth-century urban heritages, and it can assure the development of sustainable heritage tourism in the research area. The study employed a cross-sectional survey as the research design, and qualitative data of both primary and secondary types were collected for this research. Therefore, purposively selected knowledgeable individuals in heritages of the study area were involved in in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, and field surveys of twentieth-century built urban heritage sites were conducted in Jigjiga, Erer and Qebridahar cities. Generally, observation, face-to-face interview interviews and focused group discussions were used to collect primary data, and document analysis was also used to collect secondary data. The findings of the study revealed that the Somali region is rich in twentieth-century urban built heritage. The imperial palace, administrative centers, mosques, shrines, churches, military camps, Italian-built architecture sites, patriot centers, statues of local heroes, older bus stations and city centers are among the twentieth-century built heritages in the region. However, most of these heritages were not recognized. Consequently; conservation, promotion and use of the twentieth-century urban heritages for sustainable development are given little attention despite that there are infrastructural facilities for tourists in the region and the proximity of the region to the heritage tourism corridors of Harar and Dire Dawa. Awareness should be made to the concerned institutions and societies about socio-economic and cultural values of the twentieth-century urban built heritage. The Federal Culture and Tourism Ministry and Culture and Tourism Bureau of the Somali region should cooperatively develop a short and long-term plan of action to manage the twentieth-century built urban heritage of the region and use them for sustainable development through the participation of the society. The local institutions, communities and individuals should be aware of and involved in the conservation, promotion and use of the twentieth-century built urban heritages for sustainable social, cultural and economic development. As far as the researchers' knowledge is concerned, there is no research of a similar type in which the setting and results are closer to this. Therefore, this research is original and is based on extensive primary data gathered from field surveys.Twentieth-century built urban heritage potential of the Somali region, its management, challenges and opportunities: the case of Jigjiga, Qebridahar and Erer cities
Muhammed Hamid Yasien, Tesfamichael Teshale Kebede
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The research works concerned with heritage management, in general, are available domestically and globally, but they are not as abundant as required when it comes to the management of twentieth-century urban heritages, particularly the Somali region. Thus, this research is assumed as innovative and evocative of additional research initiatives in the management of twentieth-century urban heritages, and it can assure the development of sustainable heritage tourism in the research area.

The study employed a cross-sectional survey as the research design, and qualitative data of both primary and secondary types were collected for this research. Therefore, purposively selected knowledgeable individuals in heritages of the study area were involved in in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, and field surveys of twentieth-century built urban heritage sites were conducted in Jigjiga, Erer and Qebridahar cities. Generally, observation, face-to-face interview interviews and focused group discussions were used to collect primary data, and document analysis was also used to collect secondary data.

The findings of the study revealed that the Somali region is rich in twentieth-century urban built heritage. The imperial palace, administrative centers, mosques, shrines, churches, military camps, Italian-built architecture sites, patriot centers, statues of local heroes, older bus stations and city centers are among the twentieth-century built heritages in the region. However, most of these heritages were not recognized. Consequently; conservation, promotion and use of the twentieth-century urban heritages for sustainable development are given little attention despite that there are infrastructural facilities for tourists in the region and the proximity of the region to the heritage tourism corridors of Harar and Dire Dawa.

Awareness should be made to the concerned institutions and societies about socio-economic and cultural values of the twentieth-century urban built heritage.

The Federal Culture and Tourism Ministry and Culture and Tourism Bureau of the Somali region should cooperatively develop a short and long-term plan of action to manage the twentieth-century built urban heritage of the region and use them for sustainable development through the participation of the society.

The local institutions, communities and individuals should be aware of and involved in the conservation, promotion and use of the twentieth-century built urban heritages for sustainable social, cultural and economic development.

As far as the researchers' knowledge is concerned, there is no research of a similar type in which the setting and results are closer to this. Therefore, this research is original and is based on extensive primary data gathered from field surveys.

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Twentieth-century built urban heritage potential of the Somali region, its management, challenges and opportunities: the case of Jigjiga, Qebridahar and Erer cities10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0020Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-09-06© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMuhammed Hamid YasienTesfamichael Teshale KebedeJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-0610.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0020https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0020/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Enhancing the tourist experiences and attractiveness of World Heritage Sites: a stakeholders' perspectivehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0022/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe study aims, based on the symbiotic relationship between tourism agencies and various stakeholders, to investigate what “policy-level” partners would advise their “practice-level” counterparts on, first, how the World Heritage Site (WHS) status of monuments can be made attractive for travellers, and second, what steps can be taken by stakeholders to enhance the WHS tourist experience. A qualitative approach involving e-mail interviews was adopted. Content analyses of open-ended exploratory questions put to “policy-level” respondents yielded 10 major themes that can enhance the brand appeal of the WHS. The findings offer in-depth solutions for better trip experiences of Heritage Tourists. Insights from the responses under ten thematic areas have direct relevance for application by tourism and hospitality facilitators. Although this study was conducted in India, its findings hold implications for practice throughout the world. They could similarly be incorporated as elements of policy directed at incentivising communication of the value of preserving heritage for future generations. While previous research focused on stakeholders for planning and policy making, this study explores the stakeholder's perspective for a more comprehensive understanding of how using the WHS brand can generate more holistic tourism development.Enhancing the tourist experiences and attractiveness of World Heritage Sites: a stakeholders' perspective
Monisha Juneja, Tahir Sufi, Mamta Bhatnagar
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The study aims, based on the symbiotic relationship between tourism agencies and various stakeholders, to investigate what “policy-level” partners would advise their “practice-level” counterparts on, first, how the World Heritage Site (WHS) status of monuments can be made attractive for travellers, and second, what steps can be taken by stakeholders to enhance the WHS tourist experience.

A qualitative approach involving e-mail interviews was adopted. Content analyses of open-ended exploratory questions put to “policy-level” respondents yielded 10 major themes that can enhance the brand appeal of the WHS.

The findings offer in-depth solutions for better trip experiences of Heritage Tourists. Insights from the responses under ten thematic areas have direct relevance for application by tourism and hospitality facilitators.

Although this study was conducted in India, its findings hold implications for practice throughout the world. They could similarly be incorporated as elements of policy directed at incentivising communication of the value of preserving heritage for future generations.

While previous research focused on stakeholders for planning and policy making, this study explores the stakeholder's perspective for a more comprehensive understanding of how using the WHS brand can generate more holistic tourism development.

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Enhancing the tourist experiences and attractiveness of World Heritage Sites: a stakeholders' perspective10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0022Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-12-15© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMonisha JunejaTahir SufiMamta BhatnagarJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-1510.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0022https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0022/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Comparative analysis of military heritage in Slovakia, Slovenia and Poland with emphasis on its use in tourismhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0026/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe paper deals with battlefield tourism and war monuments in the Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Poland. The care of these monuments and their use in tourism today takes place separately and it is interesting to see how the same potential can be used in different ways. One of the aims of the paper is to draw attention to this fact and at the same time to present the possibilities of how to improve the use of this heritage by mutual cooperation. It is based on field research of the care of military-historical monuments. At the same time, it presents, in the form of retrospective studies, basic experiences from abroad – specifically the construction of thematic trails in Slovakia, Slovenia (The Walk of the Peace) and Poland (The First World War's Eastern Front Trail). The paper points out aspects such as the care of battlefield tourism sites, cross-border cooperation in the creation of tourism products, the creation of a strategic conceptual framework for the protection of World War I monuments, their presentation to tourists, cooperation between the state, local government and the third sector. There was no systematic research in this area in Central and Eastern Europe.Comparative analysis of military heritage in Slovakia, Slovenia and Poland with emphasis on its use in tourism
Martin Drobňák, Radoslav Turik, Anna Šenková, Dagmara Ratnayake Kaščáková, Jan Derco
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The paper deals with battlefield tourism and war monuments in the Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Poland. The care of these monuments and their use in tourism today takes place separately and it is interesting to see how the same potential can be used in different ways. One of the aims of the paper is to draw attention to this fact and at the same time to present the possibilities of how to improve the use of this heritage by mutual cooperation.

It is based on field research of the care of military-historical monuments. At the same time, it presents, in the form of retrospective studies, basic experiences from abroad – specifically the construction of thematic trails in Slovakia, Slovenia (The Walk of the Peace) and Poland (The First World War's Eastern Front Trail).

The paper points out aspects such as the care of battlefield tourism sites, cross-border cooperation in the creation of tourism products, the creation of a strategic conceptual framework for the protection of World War I monuments, their presentation to tourists, cooperation between the state, local government and the third sector.

There was no systematic research in this area in Central and Eastern Europe.

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Comparative analysis of military heritage in Slovakia, Slovenia and Poland with emphasis on its use in tourism10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0026Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-09-06© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMartin DrobňákRadoslav TurikAnna ŠenkováDagmara Ratnayake KaščákováJan DercoJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-0610.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0026https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2022-0026/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The effects of world heritage status on European city residents’ subjective quality of lifehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2023-0016/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestBeing awarded world heritage status is a distinguishing factor when it comes to promoting tourism in a city. Tourism in these cities should be developed in a way that does not compromise either the city’s heritage or the inhabitants' quality of life. Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of a European city achieving world heritage status on the subjective quality of life of its citizens. First of all, we classify European cities according to whether or not they have been declared world heritage sites. Then, we analyze the effect of this classification on the main aspects used to measure the residents' perception of quality of life that are available in the Flash Eurobarometer 419. The results show that achieving world heritage status has a negative effect on residents' perceptions of the noise level, air quality and feeling of safety. However, it does not affect their perceptions of public transport or cleanliness. In addition, world heritage status positively affects residents’ perceptions of the cultural activities in the city and their ease of finding a job. Residents report high levels of happiness in both world heritage and non-heritage cities, although levels are somewhat higher in non-heritage cities. Residents' perceptions of the influence of tourism on their quality of life are undoubtedly of major importance; however, due to a lack of available data, few studies have examined this subjective quality of life at the city level.The effects of world heritage status on European city residents’ subjective quality of life
José Luis Alfaro-Navarro, María Encarnación Andrés-Martínez
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Being awarded world heritage status is a distinguishing factor when it comes to promoting tourism in a city. Tourism in these cities should be developed in a way that does not compromise either the city’s heritage or the inhabitants' quality of life. Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of a European city achieving world heritage status on the subjective quality of life of its citizens.

First of all, we classify European cities according to whether or not they have been declared world heritage sites. Then, we analyze the effect of this classification on the main aspects used to measure the residents' perception of quality of life that are available in the Flash Eurobarometer 419.

The results show that achieving world heritage status has a negative effect on residents' perceptions of the noise level, air quality and feeling of safety. However, it does not affect their perceptions of public transport or cleanliness. In addition, world heritage status positively affects residents’ perceptions of the cultural activities in the city and their ease of finding a job. Residents report high levels of happiness in both world heritage and non-heritage cities, although levels are somewhat higher in non-heritage cities.

Residents' perceptions of the influence of tourism on their quality of life are undoubtedly of major importance; however, due to a lack of available data, few studies have examined this subjective quality of life at the city level.

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The effects of world heritage status on European city residents’ subjective quality of life10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2023-0016Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-03-26© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedJosé Luis Alfaro-NavarroMaría Encarnación Andrés-MartínezJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2610.1108/JCHMSD-02-2023-0016https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-02-2023-0016/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
The de-industrialisation discourse and the loss of modern industrial heritage in the Arab world: Jordan as a case studyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0037/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIndustrial heritage is considered an essential part of cultural heritage in the world. This heritage suffers from continued marginalisation in the Arab world, particularly in Jordan, where many industrial heritage sites have not been protected or studied well due to the lack of a clear definition of cultural heritage. Most of these sites, built in the 20th century, are gradually disappearing or scheduled for demolition. This paper explores the de-industrialisation discourse and the loss of modern industrial heritage in the Arab world, especially in Jordan. This research investigates the modern industrial heritage in Jordan as a case study in the Arab world. A comprehensive understanding of the industrial heritage has been obtained by adopting a case study approach and using a reconnaissance survey of potential industrial heritage sites in Jordan. Seven categories were used in the analysis of the de-industrialisation phenomenon of heritage sites: ownership, location, design and types; structure, significance, deterioration and physical condition and conservation attempts and alterations. Three main approaches to industrial heritage were identified: demolition, occasional maintenance and rare examples of conservation and adaptive reuse. This study sheds light on the ownership issue of industrial structures in Jordan and invites policymakers, relevant authorities, private organisations and the public to consider the challenges and impact of de-industrialisation of such sites. This research raises awareness of the de-industrialisation discourse, and highlights the value of industrial architecture dating back to the modernity period, which was short-lived in Jordan. It also calls for serious consideration of these sites to support sustainable development in the Arab World.The de-industrialisation discourse and the loss of modern industrial heritage in the Arab world: Jordan as a case study
Nedhal Jarrar, Suha Jaradat
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Industrial heritage is considered an essential part of cultural heritage in the world. This heritage suffers from continued marginalisation in the Arab world, particularly in Jordan, where many industrial heritage sites have not been protected or studied well due to the lack of a clear definition of cultural heritage. Most of these sites, built in the 20th century, are gradually disappearing or scheduled for demolition. This paper explores the de-industrialisation discourse and the loss of modern industrial heritage in the Arab world, especially in Jordan.

This research investigates the modern industrial heritage in Jordan as a case study in the Arab world. A comprehensive understanding of the industrial heritage has been obtained by adopting a case study approach and using a reconnaissance survey of potential industrial heritage sites in Jordan.

Seven categories were used in the analysis of the de-industrialisation phenomenon of heritage sites: ownership, location, design and types; structure, significance, deterioration and physical condition and conservation attempts and alterations. Three main approaches to industrial heritage were identified: demolition, occasional maintenance and rare examples of conservation and adaptive reuse.

This study sheds light on the ownership issue of industrial structures in Jordan and invites policymakers, relevant authorities, private organisations and the public to consider the challenges and impact of de-industrialisation of such sites.

This research raises awareness of the de-industrialisation discourse, and highlights the value of industrial architecture dating back to the modernity period, which was short-lived in Jordan. It also calls for serious consideration of these sites to support sustainable development in the Arab World.

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The de-industrialisation discourse and the loss of modern industrial heritage in the Arab world: Jordan as a case study10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0037Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-06-07© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedNedhal JarrarSuha JaradatJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-06-0710.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0037https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0037/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Archaeological site management and the legislation challenge in Vietnam: a case study of Vuon Chuoihttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0039/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to examine the management status quo of archaeological heritage in Vietnam seen in the case of Vuon Chuoi, a complex of Bronze Age sites located in Central Hanoi, which has been believed to be Hanoi’s first human settlement. Like other archaeological sites located in urban areas, this site has been under threat of destruction caused by land encroachment pressure. Although researchers have long waged a campaign for preservation, the dissensus among key stakeholders and the dispute over responsibility have left this site at the heart of an interminable polemic over legislation. This research utilises a qualitative approach, and the primary data were collected throughout multiple field trips in 2019 and 2020. Several open-ended interviews were conducted with various state and nonstate actors involved in the Vuon Chuoi Complex’s management process. The discussion was also supported by analysing related legal documents retrieved from national archives and official online directories. This paper dissects the current legislative and administrative framework applied in governing heritage in general and archaeological sites in Vietnam, in particular. The results indicate that existing flaws in Vietnam’s legal system are detectable, and the unsystematic organisation has led to deferment of the decision-making processes. Also, there is an apparent difference found in the attitude of the bodies in charge toward the treatment of listed and unlisted sites. This research outlines that in the wake of urbanisation and industrialisation in Vietnam, a consensus among key stakeholders and an inclusive legal system are required to help preserve archaeological sites in urgent need of attention. Although several Vietnamese laws and regulations have been put into practice, they have shown critical barriers and gaps in conserving Vietnamese cultural heritage.Archaeological site management and the legislation challenge in Vietnam: a case study of Vuon Chuoi
Ky Nam Nguyen, Quang Anh Phan, Ngoc Minh Nguyen
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to examine the management status quo of archaeological heritage in Vietnam seen in the case of Vuon Chuoi, a complex of Bronze Age sites located in Central Hanoi, which has been believed to be Hanoi’s first human settlement. Like other archaeological sites located in urban areas, this site has been under threat of destruction caused by land encroachment pressure. Although researchers have long waged a campaign for preservation, the dissensus among key stakeholders and the dispute over responsibility have left this site at the heart of an interminable polemic over legislation.

This research utilises a qualitative approach, and the primary data were collected throughout multiple field trips in 2019 and 2020. Several open-ended interviews were conducted with various state and nonstate actors involved in the Vuon Chuoi Complex’s management process. The discussion was also supported by analysing related legal documents retrieved from national archives and official online directories.

This paper dissects the current legislative and administrative framework applied in governing heritage in general and archaeological sites in Vietnam, in particular. The results indicate that existing flaws in Vietnam’s legal system are detectable, and the unsystematic organisation has led to deferment of the decision-making processes. Also, there is an apparent difference found in the attitude of the bodies in charge toward the treatment of listed and unlisted sites.

This research outlines that in the wake of urbanisation and industrialisation in Vietnam, a consensus among key stakeholders and an inclusive legal system are required to help preserve archaeological sites in urgent need of attention. Although several Vietnamese laws and regulations have been put into practice, they have shown critical barriers and gaps in conserving Vietnamese cultural heritage.

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Archaeological site management and the legislation challenge in Vietnam: a case study of Vuon Chuoi10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0039Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-05-31© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedKy Nam NguyenQuang Anh PhanNgoc Minh NguyenJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-05-3110.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0039https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0039/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
How to feed a culturally sustainable development plan over time: evidence from the Tuscan Mining UNESCO Global Geoparkhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0056/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research explores the community's role in feeding a culturally sustainable development project over time and the practices which operationally allow the bridging of cultural heritage management and sustainable development according to the approach of “culture as sustainability”. The primary and secondary sources relate to nearly 20 years of life of the Tuscan Mining Geopark case belonging to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) European and Global Geopark Networks. Textual analysis was applied to the dataset. The interpretative approach was aligned with other investigations within this research field. The results highlight how a bold project in an uncertain context harnessed bottom-up mobilisation and accountability to stimulate a sustainable community empowerment. The ability to experiment and learn from experience depicts an organisational logic far from the top-down and predefined design practice widely contested in the literature. Despite a single case study was analysed, it enables researchers to craft a conceptual model for culturally sustainable development projects, and it fills the literature gap on how to operationalise culture as sustainability under the managerial perspective. The model assembles an organisational process view and practices that can be tailored to a cultural context with insights for developing culturally sustainable projects. The research increases the observations of community empowerment within culturally sustainable development projects. It demonstrates how the “incompleteness of the design” was not a weakness but rather a trigger of effective organisational practices.How to feed a culturally sustainable development plan over time: evidence from the Tuscan Mining UNESCO Global Geopark
Michela Magliacani, Alberto Francesconi
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research explores the community's role in feeding a culturally sustainable development project over time and the practices which operationally allow the bridging of cultural heritage management and sustainable development according to the approach of “culture as sustainability”.

The primary and secondary sources relate to nearly 20 years of life of the Tuscan Mining Geopark case belonging to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) European and Global Geopark Networks. Textual analysis was applied to the dataset. The interpretative approach was aligned with other investigations within this research field.

The results highlight how a bold project in an uncertain context harnessed bottom-up mobilisation and accountability to stimulate a sustainable community empowerment. The ability to experiment and learn from experience depicts an organisational logic far from the top-down and predefined design practice widely contested in the literature.

Despite a single case study was analysed, it enables researchers to craft a conceptual model for culturally sustainable development projects, and it fills the literature gap on how to operationalise culture as sustainability under the managerial perspective.

The model assembles an organisational process view and practices that can be tailored to a cultural context with insights for developing culturally sustainable projects.

The research increases the observations of community empowerment within culturally sustainable development projects. It demonstrates how the “incompleteness of the design” was not a weakness but rather a trigger of effective organisational practices.

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How to feed a culturally sustainable development plan over time: evidence from the Tuscan Mining UNESCO Global Geopark10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0056Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-06-14© 2022 Michela Magliacani and Alberto FrancesconiMichela MagliacaniAlberto FrancesconiJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-06-1410.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0056https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0056/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Michela Magliacani and Alberto Francesconihttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Assessing the adaptive reuse of heritage houses in Sultanate of Omanhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0057/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestOman has a rich built heritage due to its strategic location, making its history full of events, which resulted in remarkable cultural and social heritage. The government works on preserving the built environment through the adaptive reuse strategy of abandoned buildings or sites, which is considered a comprehensive approach to sustainability. The adaptive reuse process often involves complex factors especially through decision-making, which influence the success of the generated project. The research aims at proposing an assessment strategy that offers guidelines that can help to achieve comprehensive adaptive reuse. This paper analyzes and assesses adaptive reuse interventions of selected five heritage projects in Oman. The assessment was conducted based on semi-structured interviews with stakeholders and local community representatives, as well as onsite observations, documentation and relevant data analyses. The results display that a comprehensive sustainable management plan for adaptive reuse projects is essential to ensure the success of the new uses in promoting the local economy, enhancing social values, preserving the cultural identity and adapting to the local environment. This contribution proposes a comprehensive strategy for assessing the adaptive reuse projects' performance that can be used as a checklist for achieving more social, cultural, environmental and economic benefits. This strategy can be further developed by extending to include more categories.Assessing the adaptive reuse of heritage houses in Sultanate of Oman
Eman Hanye Mohamed Nasr, Mohamed Ali Mohamed Khalil
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Oman has a rich built heritage due to its strategic location, making its history full of events, which resulted in remarkable cultural and social heritage. The government works on preserving the built environment through the adaptive reuse strategy of abandoned buildings or sites, which is considered a comprehensive approach to sustainability. The adaptive reuse process often involves complex factors especially through decision-making, which influence the success of the generated project. The research aims at proposing an assessment strategy that offers guidelines that can help to achieve comprehensive adaptive reuse.

This paper analyzes and assesses adaptive reuse interventions of selected five heritage projects in Oman. The assessment was conducted based on semi-structured interviews with stakeholders and local community representatives, as well as onsite observations, documentation and relevant data analyses.

The results display that a comprehensive sustainable management plan for adaptive reuse projects is essential to ensure the success of the new uses in promoting the local economy, enhancing social values, preserving the cultural identity and adapting to the local environment.

This contribution proposes a comprehensive strategy for assessing the adaptive reuse projects' performance that can be used as a checklist for achieving more social, cultural, environmental and economic benefits. This strategy can be further developed by extending to include more categories.

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Assessing the adaptive reuse of heritage houses in Sultanate of Oman10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0057Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-08-16© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedEman Hanye Mohamed NasrMohamed Ali Mohamed KhalilJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-1610.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0057https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0057/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The perception of UNESCO World Heritage Sites' managers about concepts and elements of cultural sustainability in tourismhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0058/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe research aims to identify the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site (WHS) managers' perception of cultural sustainability concepts and elements in tourism. A literature review was carried out to identify the main speeches and characteristic elements of cultural sustainability present in the academic field, and then a quantitative survey was carried out with 60 managers of UNESCO WHSs to evaluate their perception of the theme. The results show that managers believe that the concept of cultural sustainability is much more closely linked to the social dimension of sustainability than to the economic and environmental dimensions. Thus, elements such as the preservation of tangible and intangible assets, the participation of society in the management of heritage, the democratization of access, the guarantee of the appreciation of culture and its preservation for future generations are basic elements for cultural sustainability. Finally, although they believe that understanding the concept of cultural sustainability is fundamental to their activities, they still lack knowledge of how to measure cultural sustainability in their spaces. Although the theme of sustainability has several published studies, most of the work focuses only on studies of its social, economic and environmental dimensions. The debates on the role of culture in sustainability are still incipient, and understanding the managers' perception of the topic enables the creation of more effective strategies that guarantee cultural sustainability in heritage by tourism.The perception of UNESCO World Heritage Sites' managers about concepts and elements of cultural sustainability in tourism
Rafael Almeida de Oliveira, Renata Maria Abrantes Baracho, Lorenzo Cantoni
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The research aims to identify the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site (WHS) managers' perception of cultural sustainability concepts and elements in tourism.

A literature review was carried out to identify the main speeches and characteristic elements of cultural sustainability present in the academic field, and then a quantitative survey was carried out with 60 managers of UNESCO WHSs to evaluate their perception of the theme.

The results show that managers believe that the concept of cultural sustainability is much more closely linked to the social dimension of sustainability than to the economic and environmental dimensions. Thus, elements such as the preservation of tangible and intangible assets, the participation of society in the management of heritage, the democratization of access, the guarantee of the appreciation of culture and its preservation for future generations are basic elements for cultural sustainability. Finally, although they believe that understanding the concept of cultural sustainability is fundamental to their activities, they still lack knowledge of how to measure cultural sustainability in their spaces.

Although the theme of sustainability has several published studies, most of the work focuses only on studies of its social, economic and environmental dimensions. The debates on the role of culture in sustainability are still incipient, and understanding the managers' perception of the topic enables the creation of more effective strategies that guarantee cultural sustainability in heritage by tourism.

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The perception of UNESCO World Heritage Sites' managers about concepts and elements of cultural sustainability in tourism10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0058Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-03-08© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedRafael Almeida de OliveiraRenata Maria Abrantes BarachoLorenzo CantoniJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-03-0810.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0058https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2021-0058/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Preserving the historical heritage by burying new constructions underground: the Segovia Bridge and the M-30 motorway tunnel in Madridhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0034/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of fully preserving the historical heritage at the same time reordering the cities and their traffic. This paper describes the sustainable solution designed for the landscape change required and to maintain the bridge integrity by excavating under the pier with the maintenance of traffic during its execution. It is concluded that the elimination of urban motorways on the surface often leads to the excavation of tunnels under the existing buildings, with little coverage in most of them. This complicates the implementation of burials in cities with an important historical heritage, which must be given conservation priority in the choice of technical solutions. The Segovia Bridge over the Manzanares River, the oldest bridge in Madrid, was built in the 16th century. With the burial of the M-30 motorway, it has been necessary to build a tunnel immediately under one of the bridge piers, practically without lining between the foundations and the upper slab of the tunnel.Preserving the historical heritage by burying new constructions underground: the Segovia Bridge and the M-30 motorway tunnel in Madrid
María Jesús Rosado García, Daniel Crespo Delgado
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of fully preserving the historical heritage at the same time reordering the cities and their traffic.

This paper describes the sustainable solution designed for the landscape change required and to maintain the bridge integrity by excavating under the pier with the maintenance of traffic during its execution.

It is concluded that the elimination of urban motorways on the surface often leads to the excavation of tunnels under the existing buildings, with little coverage in most of them. This complicates the implementation of burials in cities with an important historical heritage, which must be given conservation priority in the choice of technical solutions.

The Segovia Bridge over the Manzanares River, the oldest bridge in Madrid, was built in the 16th century. With the burial of the M-30 motorway, it has been necessary to build a tunnel immediately under one of the bridge piers, practically without lining between the foundations and the upper slab of the tunnel.

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Preserving the historical heritage by burying new constructions underground: the Segovia Bridge and the M-30 motorway tunnel in Madrid10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0034Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-06-17© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMaría Jesús Rosado GarcíaDaniel Crespo DelgadoJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-06-1710.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0034https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0034/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Delineating protective boundaries using the HUL approach a case study: heritage waterways of Isfahanhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0035/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe UNESCO recommendation under the historic urban landscapes (HUL) title and Operational Guidelines (OPG) were used to create dynamic protective boundaries to maintain the integrity and authenticity of Isfahan's heritage waterways. Accordingly, by using GIS and Isfahan urban layers, three protective zones were proposed and evaluated; the central zone, the functional zone and the visual zone. Heritage waterways in historic cities are not adequately protected against the negative impacts of urban development, and there is a lack of a dynamic protective system to protect their integrity and authenticity. The problem can be observed in Isfahan, a historic Iranian city, where the boundaries of urban heritage waterways (Madi canals) are usually rigid and arbitrary. This study aims to develop a practicable paradigm for determining protection boundaries for Isfahan's Jolfa Madi, an urban heritage waterway. Compared to the current protective boundaries, the authors found that proposed protective boundaries create a greater amount of protection space, which makes a strong connection among the ecological, historical and socio-economic characteristics of the urban context. Furthermore, the protective zones based on the HUL approach give Isfahan's urban planning policy the opportunity to consider participatory tools, financial tools and regulatory systems. Many studies have emphasized a fixed-width buffer or an arbitrary distance from the urban waterway's axis (urban heritage) or its banks. Although these protections include technical conservation or setting restrictions on the adjacent buildings and blocks, studying crucial concepts such as urban dynamic, urban heritage context and producing a particular technique for protected boundaries has not been investigated. In this article three dynamic boundaries are delineated with various functions in order to provide urban heritage with dynamic preservation and sustainable development for the historic urban landscapes.Delineating protective boundaries using the HUL approach a case study: heritage waterways of Isfahan
Elnaz Chitsazzadeh, Mahsa Chizfahm Daneshmandian, Najmeh Jahani, Mohammad Tahsildoost
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The UNESCO recommendation under the historic urban landscapes (HUL) title and Operational Guidelines (OPG) were used to create dynamic protective boundaries to maintain the integrity and authenticity of Isfahan's heritage waterways. Accordingly, by using GIS and Isfahan urban layers, three protective zones were proposed and evaluated; the central zone, the functional zone and the visual zone.

Heritage waterways in historic cities are not adequately protected against the negative impacts of urban development, and there is a lack of a dynamic protective system to protect their integrity and authenticity. The problem can be observed in Isfahan, a historic Iranian city, where the boundaries of urban heritage waterways (Madi canals) are usually rigid and arbitrary. This study aims to develop a practicable paradigm for determining protection boundaries for Isfahan's Jolfa Madi, an urban heritage waterway.

Compared to the current protective boundaries, the authors found that proposed protective boundaries create a greater amount of protection space, which makes a strong connection among the ecological, historical and socio-economic characteristics of the urban context. Furthermore, the protective zones based on the HUL approach give Isfahan's urban planning policy the opportunity to consider participatory tools, financial tools and regulatory systems.

Many studies have emphasized a fixed-width buffer or an arbitrary distance from the urban waterway's axis (urban heritage) or its banks. Although these protections include technical conservation or setting restrictions on the adjacent buildings and blocks, studying crucial concepts such as urban dynamic, urban heritage context and producing a particular technique for protected boundaries has not been investigated. In this article three dynamic boundaries are delineated with various functions in order to provide urban heritage with dynamic preservation and sustainable development for the historic urban landscapes.

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Delineating protective boundaries using the HUL approach a case study: heritage waterways of Isfahan10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0035Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-02-08© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedElnaz ChitsazzadehMahsa Chizfahm DaneshmandianNajmeh JahaniMohammad TahsildoostJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-0810.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0035https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0035/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Art and sustainability: can digital technologies achieve sustainability?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0038/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper discusses art and sustainability in the 21st century; therefore, we can't ignore the huge technological revolution that currently exists. Art throughout history has been associated to religion, politics and economics, but now it is also connected to technology. Hence, the question arises: Can digital technologies achieve sustainability? In this regard, the research will address the effective role of digital technology in achieving sustainability in art field and its practices. The main research material is derived from my interviews with artists, professors, curators, gallerists and art historians. In addition to the references of sustainability in various fields that are related to art, as Sustainability has become a goal that all sectors are striving to achieve to preserve our planet, as much as we can, especially in the field of art which is closely related to the environment. This paper explores the possibility of achieving sustainability in art field and its practices through digital technologies. In addition, it reveals that countries that have developed digital technologies are able to apply the digital technologies in art and its practices to achieve sustainability, in contrast, developing countries they could not achieve sustainability through digital technologies. As part of a joint research project between a developing and developed country, the paper clarifies the different opinions from 14 countries about the extent to which sustainability in art is achieved through digital technology. It also outlines some successful and unsuccessful experiences in achieving sustainability in art.Art and sustainability: can digital technologies achieve sustainability?
Sara A. Abdoh
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper discusses art and sustainability in the 21st century; therefore, we can't ignore the huge technological revolution that currently exists. Art throughout history has been associated to religion, politics and economics, but now it is also connected to technology. Hence, the question arises: Can digital technologies achieve sustainability? In this regard, the research will address the effective role of digital technology in achieving sustainability in art field and its practices.

The main research material is derived from my interviews with artists, professors, curators, gallerists and art historians. In addition to the references of sustainability in various fields that are related to art, as Sustainability has become a goal that all sectors are striving to achieve to preserve our planet, as much as we can, especially in the field of art which is closely related to the environment.

This paper explores the possibility of achieving sustainability in art field and its practices through digital technologies. In addition, it reveals that countries that have developed digital technologies are able to apply the digital technologies in art and its practices to achieve sustainability, in contrast, developing countries they could not achieve sustainability through digital technologies.

As part of a joint research project between a developing and developed country, the paper clarifies the different opinions from 14 countries about the extent to which sustainability in art is achieved through digital technology. It also outlines some successful and unsuccessful experiences in achieving sustainability in art.

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Art and sustainability: can digital technologies achieve sustainability?10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0038Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-04-21© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedSara A. AbdohJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-04-2110.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0038https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0038/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Understanding intention of Gen Z Indians to visit heritage sites by applying extended theory of planned behaviour: a sustainable approachhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0039/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIn 2019, Generation Z (Gen Z) accounted for 32% of the world population, as per the report by Bloomberg, Gen Z in India is world's largest with 472 million people, still there is very limited research conducted to explain their intention to visit heritage sites. This paper aims to report the findings of an empirical research focussing on Gen Z Indians' intention to visit heritage sites by applying theory of planned behaviour (TPB) with two additional constructs, i.e. environmental concern (EC) and environmental friendly activities (EFA). As a fundamental theoretical framework, the TPB model is used. Data consists of responses of 434 Gen Z Indians which were collected through online questionnaires. Using structural equation modelling (SEM) technique, the measurement and structural model were tested with the help of AMOS 22 and SPSS 25 software. The results of SEM indicate that the hypothesized relationships between attitude (AT), subjective norms (SN), EC, EFA and intention to visit heritage sites were all supported. However, perceived behavioural control (PBC) did not influence intention. The study's findings have substantial practical implications for organizations/travel companies that primarily deal in heritage sites. The findings of this study contribute to the body of knowledge about intention to visit heritage sites. As the study focuses mostly on Gene Z Indians, it is difficult to extrapolate the findings to other countries. This paper will help the researchers and practitioners to understand the Gen Z Indians' intention of visiting heritage sites. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that predicts intention of Gen Z Indians to visit heritage sites.Understanding intention of Gen Z Indians to visit heritage sites by applying extended theory of planned behaviour: a sustainable approach
Sujood, Samiha Siddiqui, Naseem Bano, Ramzi Al Rousan
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

In 2019, Generation Z (Gen Z) accounted for 32% of the world population, as per the report by Bloomberg, Gen Z in India is world's largest with 472 million people, still there is very limited research conducted to explain their intention to visit heritage sites. This paper aims to report the findings of an empirical research focussing on Gen Z Indians' intention to visit heritage sites by applying theory of planned behaviour (TPB) with two additional constructs, i.e. environmental concern (EC) and environmental friendly activities (EFA).

As a fundamental theoretical framework, the TPB model is used. Data consists of responses of 434 Gen Z Indians which were collected through online questionnaires. Using structural equation modelling (SEM) technique, the measurement and structural model were tested with the help of AMOS 22 and SPSS 25 software.

The results of SEM indicate that the hypothesized relationships between attitude (AT), subjective norms (SN), EC, EFA and intention to visit heritage sites were all supported. However, perceived behavioural control (PBC) did not influence intention.

The study's findings have substantial practical implications for organizations/travel companies that primarily deal in heritage sites. The findings of this study contribute to the body of knowledge about intention to visit heritage sites. As the study focuses mostly on Gene Z Indians, it is difficult to extrapolate the findings to other countries.

This paper will help the researchers and practitioners to understand the Gen Z Indians' intention of visiting heritage sites. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that predicts intention of Gen Z Indians to visit heritage sites.

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Understanding intention of Gen Z Indians to visit heritage sites by applying extended theory of planned behaviour: a sustainable approach10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0039Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-05-01© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited SujoodSamiha SiddiquiNaseem BanoRamzi Al RousanJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-05-0110.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0039https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0039/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Industrial heritage identification process in North Africa: 19th and 20th century flour mills in Algeriahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0040/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe protection of industrial heritage emerged as a major concern when those buildings and installations representative of the industry, became at risk. North Africa, considered the geographical gateway to European countries, experienced enormous industrial activity during the French colonial era. Industrial buildings such as the flour mills, were built during this era of colonial rule. Today, a lack of legislation concerning industrial heritage has left this type of buildings with no protection, leading this paper to a preservation process. The aim of this paper is to locate and identify the flour mills of the 19th and 20th centuries in Algeria. This research consists of cross-referencing data from archived documents against the geographical location. The results obtained are the first step in the process of preservation. The success of this research can be summarized as follows: identification of 88.46% of the flour mills in Algeria by means of the inventory data collected, and their location, with the use of a crisp logic, the remaining 9.62% with the use of fuzzy logic by the attribution of a “fuzzy radius” with a total localization and identification of 98.08%. The use of both crisp (Boolean) and fuzzy logic as part of the geographical localization method.Industrial heritage identification process in North Africa: 19th and 20th century flour mills in Algeria
Abdelhamid Hati, Amina Abdessemed-Foufa
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The protection of industrial heritage emerged as a major concern when those buildings and installations representative of the industry, became at risk. North Africa, considered the geographical gateway to European countries, experienced enormous industrial activity during the French colonial era. Industrial buildings such as the flour mills, were built during this era of colonial rule. Today, a lack of legislation concerning industrial heritage has left this type of buildings with no protection, leading this paper to a preservation process. The aim of this paper is to locate and identify the flour mills of the 19th and 20th centuries in Algeria.

This research consists of cross-referencing data from archived documents against the geographical location.

The results obtained are the first step in the process of preservation. The success of this research can be summarized as follows: identification of 88.46% of the flour mills in Algeria by means of the inventory data collected, and their location, with the use of a crisp logic, the remaining 9.62% with the use of fuzzy logic by the attribution of a “fuzzy radius” with a total localization and identification of 98.08%.

The use of both crisp (Boolean) and fuzzy logic as part of the geographical localization method.

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Industrial heritage identification process in North Africa: 19th and 20th century flour mills in Algeria10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0040Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-05-30© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAbdelhamid HatiAmina Abdessemed-FoufaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-05-3010.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0040https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0040/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
D&C technique as an MCDM tool for managing the heritage value assessment of historic buildings in post-war cities: Mosul Old City as a case studyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0042/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe value assessment process of the built heritage is a multipart procedure that includes diverse aspects with overlapping requirements. This process requires various measures to obtain better results, making it a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) process. In post-disaster cases, a management system is required to promptly evaluate the degree of risk and damage and to set the preservation priorities in order to effectively supervise and protect the heritage places. MCDM is utilized for configuring and solving decision and planning problems encompassing multiple criteria, to assist decision-makers. This paper suggests an approach as a tool to be used in the development of the Built Heritage Record for Mosul Old City. It proposes a D&C technique as an MCDM effectual tool for solving multifaceted problems of heritage significance assessment process in post-conflict cities, adopting the conservation of the traditional houses of Mosul Old City as a case study. The research results showed the need for a method to solve the complexity of the decision-making problem regarding the process of determining the value and significance of heritage buildings and sites in the old city of Mosul, and how to develop a methodology to facilitate decision-making within databases related to such a multi-criteria issue. For an effective judgment of the expert or participant in the evaluation process, and to contribute to the decision-making more objectively, exploiting digital management programs including an interactive user interface with the ability to share on the Internet is the focal next intention of the project. The paper shows that by using specific software, a database for heritage places of the old city of Mosul could be generated to apply the proposed system. The expert can utilize the software to calculate and define the total value of the place automatically according to the entered data.D&C technique as an MCDM tool for managing the heritage value assessment of historic buildings in post-war cities: Mosul Old City as a case study
Emad Hani Ismaeel
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The value assessment process of the built heritage is a multipart procedure that includes diverse aspects with overlapping requirements. This process requires various measures to obtain better results, making it a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) process. In post-disaster cases, a management system is required to promptly evaluate the degree of risk and damage and to set the preservation priorities in order to effectively supervise and protect the heritage places. MCDM is utilized for configuring and solving decision and planning problems encompassing multiple criteria, to assist decision-makers.

This paper suggests an approach as a tool to be used in the development of the Built Heritage Record for Mosul Old City. It proposes a D&C technique as an MCDM effectual tool for solving multifaceted problems of heritage significance assessment process in post-conflict cities, adopting the conservation of the traditional houses of Mosul Old City as a case study.

The research results showed the need for a method to solve the complexity of the decision-making problem regarding the process of determining the value and significance of heritage buildings and sites in the old city of Mosul, and how to develop a methodology to facilitate decision-making within databases related to such a multi-criteria issue.

For an effective judgment of the expert or participant in the evaluation process, and to contribute to the decision-making more objectively, exploiting digital management programs including an interactive user interface with the ability to share on the Internet is the focal next intention of the project.

The paper shows that by using specific software, a database for heritage places of the old city of Mosul could be generated to apply the proposed system. The expert can utilize the software to calculate and define the total value of the place automatically according to the entered data.

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D&C technique as an MCDM tool for managing the heritage value assessment of historic buildings in post-war cities: Mosul Old City as a case study10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0042Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-04-13© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedEmad Hani IsmaeelJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-04-1310.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0042https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0042/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Identification, documentation and promotion of cultural heritage: problems and prospects in the Indian contexthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0043/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to overview the current state of affairs of the Indian heritage treasures, which are being identified, restored, preserved and promoted by various organizations at national and international levels with an emphasis on its documentation aspect. Lack of information about the heritage sites, structures and its significance, especially unprotected and unidentified, leads to its permanent loss. One of the prominent measures to safeguard from such irrevocable cultural deprivation is its documentation. Further, the study aims to examine the significant challenges associated with identifying unrevealed heritage assets of the country in the context of its preservation, documentation and promotion. As a suggestive measure, the study aims to propose the need for developing a comprehensive cultural heritage register assisted with technological aids focusing on community participation in taking stock of the heritage items they possess and enable them to effectively document. The present study extracts the cultural heritage data available with the UNESCO belongs to Indian heritage assets inscribed in its World Heritage portal. The collected data has been analyzed and interpreted to overview the country's recognition at the global level. The data collected from the official portal is further explored and customized to have a lucid account. The details about the organizations and institutions working on heritage conservation and preservation activities in India are also collected. A review of published literature on the related areas has also been performed to identify the issues and challenges associated with the documentation of heritage assets to support this study. The study also included the researcher’s experience in working with cultural heritage documentation. India holds a substantial quantity of cultural as well as natural heritage items. However, an exhaustive effort to document them at the national level is not being accomplished to its full potential. Many of the assets, inheritances or sites of cultural importance have not been fully identified, preserved or documented; hence, it is unrecalled forever once lost. Some organizations and individuals working on cultural heritage lack clarity in its function and do not follow any common standards in its documentation. For any conservation activity, documentation is prime, and the local community's support is also essential. Means of international collaboration for managing and promoting the heritage are required to be encouraged. Findings of the study demand the need for utilizing digital technologies to assist the documentation process. It emphasizes the requirement of having a web-based single window online gateway where an individual or community can dispense the knowledge and resources they possess hence contributing to heritage conservation, preservation and sustainability. The study limited to Indian scenario and the data on the heritage sites are collected from UNESCO's World Heritage portal. Only the documentation and promotional aspects of the cultural heritage are discussed. There are many lesser-known and unprotected cultural heritage in different parts of the country with artistic value. The unique characteristics that have not been recorded anywhere are to be documented systematically to reduce the frequency and severity of losses. The implication of the study highlights the present scenario of cultural heritage documentation in India and the need for a comprehensive heritage information gateway supported with a register facility to precisely document and retrieve. Aspects of culture which are inherited from the past to the present are to be preserved for future generations. Digital archives of cultural heritage and the use of digital tools to document them are effective mechanisms to protect and store the data on endangered heritage items. For any such conservation effort, documentation is its first step. Developing and facilitating access to an exclusive database of cultural heritage at risk boast its sustainability and can be enriched by the involvement of local communities. Public access to such a database would greatly support administrators, tourist departments, culture departments, development administration and conservation activists to gather the details of unprotected heritage items of the country, its present condition, risk of damage, etc. which further helps in its preservation, conservation, sustainability and promotion in a constructive manner. To the authors' best knowledge, no such single and comprehensive mechanism in the country allow the individuals to contribute to the inventory list holding information about the identified, unprotected and unidentified heritage assets which are having a risk of damage, threat, decay, vulnerable, neglect, lack of use or inappropriate maintenance and development. Developing such a system with technological and data infrastructure helps to pool all the cultural heritage resources under one umbrella. It imparts the value and significance of protecting and promoting heritage inheritances and a safe haven of them from the risk of its chronic loss. The system can also support all the activities related to heritage protection and bring the local community to timely support and initiate such heritage conservation activities.Identification, documentation and promotion of cultural heritage: problems and prospects in the Indian context
T.K. Gireesh Kumar
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to overview the current state of affairs of the Indian heritage treasures, which are being identified, restored, preserved and promoted by various organizations at national and international levels with an emphasis on its documentation aspect. Lack of information about the heritage sites, structures and its significance, especially unprotected and unidentified, leads to its permanent loss. One of the prominent measures to safeguard from such irrevocable cultural deprivation is its documentation. Further, the study aims to examine the significant challenges associated with identifying unrevealed heritage assets of the country in the context of its preservation, documentation and promotion. As a suggestive measure, the study aims to propose the need for developing a comprehensive cultural heritage register assisted with technological aids focusing on community participation in taking stock of the heritage items they possess and enable them to effectively document.

The present study extracts the cultural heritage data available with the UNESCO belongs to Indian heritage assets inscribed in its World Heritage portal. The collected data has been analyzed and interpreted to overview the country's recognition at the global level. The data collected from the official portal is further explored and customized to have a lucid account. The details about the organizations and institutions working on heritage conservation and preservation activities in India are also collected. A review of published literature on the related areas has also been performed to identify the issues and challenges associated with the documentation of heritage assets to support this study. The study also included the researcher’s experience in working with cultural heritage documentation.

India holds a substantial quantity of cultural as well as natural heritage items. However, an exhaustive effort to document them at the national level is not being accomplished to its full potential. Many of the assets, inheritances or sites of cultural importance have not been fully identified, preserved or documented; hence, it is unrecalled forever once lost. Some organizations and individuals working on cultural heritage lack clarity in its function and do not follow any common standards in its documentation. For any conservation activity, documentation is prime, and the local community's support is also essential. Means of international collaboration for managing and promoting the heritage are required to be encouraged. Findings of the study demand the need for utilizing digital technologies to assist the documentation process. It emphasizes the requirement of having a web-based single window online gateway where an individual or community can dispense the knowledge and resources they possess hence contributing to heritage conservation, preservation and sustainability.

The study limited to Indian scenario and the data on the heritage sites are collected from UNESCO's World Heritage portal. Only the documentation and promotional aspects of the cultural heritage are discussed. There are many lesser-known and unprotected cultural heritage in different parts of the country with artistic value. The unique characteristics that have not been recorded anywhere are to be documented systematically to reduce the frequency and severity of losses. The implication of the study highlights the present scenario of cultural heritage documentation in India and the need for a comprehensive heritage information gateway supported with a register facility to precisely document and retrieve.

Aspects of culture which are inherited from the past to the present are to be preserved for future generations. Digital archives of cultural heritage and the use of digital tools to document them are effective mechanisms to protect and store the data on endangered heritage items. For any such conservation effort, documentation is its first step. Developing and facilitating access to an exclusive database of cultural heritage at risk boast its sustainability and can be enriched by the involvement of local communities. Public access to such a database would greatly support administrators, tourist departments, culture departments, development administration and conservation activists to gather the details of unprotected heritage items of the country, its present condition, risk of damage, etc. which further helps in its preservation, conservation, sustainability and promotion in a constructive manner.

To the authors' best knowledge, no such single and comprehensive mechanism in the country allow the individuals to contribute to the inventory list holding information about the identified, unprotected and unidentified heritage assets which are having a risk of damage, threat, decay, vulnerable, neglect, lack of use or inappropriate maintenance and development. Developing such a system with technological and data infrastructure helps to pool all the cultural heritage resources under one umbrella. It imparts the value and significance of protecting and promoting heritage inheritances and a safe haven of them from the risk of its chronic loss. The system can also support all the activities related to heritage protection and bring the local community to timely support and initiate such heritage conservation activities.

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Identification, documentation and promotion of cultural heritage: problems and prospects in the Indian context10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0043Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-08-23© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedT.K. Gireesh KumarJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-2310.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0043https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0043/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The “Venice syndrome” in Tallinn Old Townhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0046/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe article aims to elucidate the impact that neoliberal tourism development has had on the living environment of the Old Town of Tallinn through the perceptions of residents and property owners. This article's empirical analysis is based on a sociological survey conducted amongst 338 residents and property owners of Tallinn Old Town. The research showed quite low tourism tolerance amongst the residents of Tallinn Old Town, the host community, in comparison to the city's residents in general. Half of the residents estimated the tourism load to be too heavy during the high season before the pandemic. The differences in perceptions based on geographical location indicated that people who lived in the most touristic areas of the Old Town were more critical about all aspects about their living environment. The article provides a detailed insight into the social impact of tourism in a historical urban area, where the post-socialist neoliberal context has enabled unrestricted tourism growth and increasing vulnerability of the local community. The roots of these processes can be traced back to Soviet urban and housing policies. The case exemplifies the significance of local time-space specificities to be considered in building an understanding of contemporary touristification and its impact on local communities in heritage areas.The “Venice syndrome” in Tallinn Old Town
Triin Talk, Liis Ojamäe, Katrin Paadam, Riin Alatalu
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The article aims to elucidate the impact that neoliberal tourism development has had on the living environment of the Old Town of Tallinn through the perceptions of residents and property owners.

This article's empirical analysis is based on a sociological survey conducted amongst 338 residents and property owners of Tallinn Old Town.

The research showed quite low tourism tolerance amongst the residents of Tallinn Old Town, the host community, in comparison to the city's residents in general. Half of the residents estimated the tourism load to be too heavy during the high season before the pandemic. The differences in perceptions based on geographical location indicated that people who lived in the most touristic areas of the Old Town were more critical about all aspects about their living environment.

The article provides a detailed insight into the social impact of tourism in a historical urban area, where the post-socialist neoliberal context has enabled unrestricted tourism growth and increasing vulnerability of the local community. The roots of these processes can be traced back to Soviet urban and housing policies. The case exemplifies the significance of local time-space specificities to be considered in building an understanding of contemporary touristification and its impact on local communities in heritage areas.

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The “Venice syndrome” in Tallinn Old Town10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0046Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-05-26© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedTriin TalkLiis OjamäeKatrin PaadamRiin AlataluJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-05-2610.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0046https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0046/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Legislation and practice: the case of historic concrete buildingshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0048/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestOnly recently have historic concrete buildings received attention and the need for their protection has been understood. Their listing as architectural heritage in most countries is ruled by legislations. The research carried out within the framework of the CONSECH20 JPI project on the conservation of historic concrete buildings in the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Italy and the Netherlands has allowed to study the legislations in the four aforementioned countries and how these are brought to practice. This paper aims at the evaluation of these legislations and of their function in practice. The legislations have been examined focussing on the protection of historic buildings and the guidelines to achieve a correct technical conservation. These were assessed in practical situations. The situations of the four countries were studied and the parameters used allowed comparisons. Concrete buildings are at risk and the guidelines should be further developed to meet actual conservation needs, including historical and aesthetical compatibility. The re-use of listed concrete buildings often means transforming and adapting these to a variety of modern needs and norms: the complexity of this assignment asks for a multidisciplinary teamwork. The bottom-up Dutch programme for quality in conservation, striving to bring ethical and technological principles to practice, could be a sound basis for developing respectful conservation strategies of heritage concrete buildings. The research concerns the four countries involved in the CONSECH30 project and could be extended to include more countries. More stakeholders have to be involved in the process of conservation and transformation of heritage concrete buildings. This should be directed by the legislation. No direct social implications are foreseen from the outcome of the research. However, the suggestion is made that social involvement is essential in planning concrete building transformations. The study focussed on the application of theory (the legislation) to practice (thus showing the limits of the legislation), which is an innovative way of contributing to the conservation of historic concrete buildings.Legislation and practice: the case of historic concrete buildings
Silvia Naldini, Ioannis Ioannou, Maria Hadjimichael, Stefano F. Musso, Federica Pompejano, Ondřej Dušek
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Only recently have historic concrete buildings received attention and the need for their protection has been understood. Their listing as architectural heritage in most countries is ruled by legislations. The research carried out within the framework of the CONSECH20 JPI project on the conservation of historic concrete buildings in the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Italy and the Netherlands has allowed to study the legislations in the four aforementioned countries and how these are brought to practice. This paper aims at the evaluation of these legislations and of their function in practice.

The legislations have been examined focussing on the protection of historic buildings and the guidelines to achieve a correct technical conservation. These were assessed in practical situations. The situations of the four countries were studied and the parameters used allowed comparisons.

Concrete buildings are at risk and the guidelines should be further developed to meet actual conservation needs, including historical and aesthetical compatibility. The re-use of listed concrete buildings often means transforming and adapting these to a variety of modern needs and norms: the complexity of this assignment asks for a multidisciplinary teamwork. The bottom-up Dutch programme for quality in conservation, striving to bring ethical and technological principles to practice, could be a sound basis for developing respectful conservation strategies of heritage concrete buildings.

The research concerns the four countries involved in the CONSECH30 project and could be extended to include more countries.

More stakeholders have to be involved in the process of conservation and transformation of heritage concrete buildings. This should be directed by the legislation.

No direct social implications are foreseen from the outcome of the research. However, the suggestion is made that social involvement is essential in planning concrete building transformations.

The study focussed on the application of theory (the legislation) to practice (thus showing the limits of the legislation), which is an innovative way of contributing to the conservation of historic concrete buildings.

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Legislation and practice: the case of historic concrete buildings10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0048Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-03-06© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedSilvia NaldiniIoannis IoannouMaria HadjimichaelStefano F. MussoFederica PompejanoOndřej DušekJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-0610.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0048https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0048/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Perceived value in a UNESCO World Heritage Site: the case of Quito, Ecuadorhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0049/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe city of Quito is a World Heritage Site (WHS) in Ecuador and the city owns one of the best-preserved and extensive historic centers in Latin America for cultural tourism. This study aims to identify the factors that constitute perceived value construct at the WHS of Quito. This research collects data from tourists who have visited the city of Quito, Ecuador. A total of 381 on-site questionnaires are used. Data have been analyzed using exploratory factorial analysis. Results regarding the dimensional structural framework of perceived value indicate that perceived value at the WHS of Quito has five factors: (1) monetary and non-monetary costs (MNC), (2) staff service quality (SSQ), (3) tourist offer accessibility (TOA), (4) destination attractiveness (DA) and (5) information accessibility (IA). Two new factors of accessibility have been proposed in this study for measuring consumer value at a WHS. Perceived value and accessibility have been treated as two separate subjects in academic literature before. However, this article contributes to the understanding of perceived value at WHS, including factors linked to accessibility. Both managerial and theoretical implications for WHS are discussed.Perceived value in a UNESCO World Heritage Site: the case of Quito, Ecuador
Jessenia Moreno-Manzo, Ariadna Gassiot-Melian, Lluís Coromina
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The city of Quito is a World Heritage Site (WHS) in Ecuador and the city owns one of the best-preserved and extensive historic centers in Latin America for cultural tourism. This study aims to identify the factors that constitute perceived value construct at the WHS of Quito.

This research collects data from tourists who have visited the city of Quito, Ecuador. A total of 381 on-site questionnaires are used. Data have been analyzed using exploratory factorial analysis.

Results regarding the dimensional structural framework of perceived value indicate that perceived value at the WHS of Quito has five factors: (1) monetary and non-monetary costs (MNC), (2) staff service quality (SSQ), (3) tourist offer accessibility (TOA), (4) destination attractiveness (DA) and (5) information accessibility (IA).

Two new factors of accessibility have been proposed in this study for measuring consumer value at a WHS. Perceived value and accessibility have been treated as two separate subjects in academic literature before. However, this article contributes to the understanding of perceived value at WHS, including factors linked to accessibility. Both managerial and theoretical implications for WHS are discussed.

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Perceived value in a UNESCO World Heritage Site: the case of Quito, Ecuador10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0049Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-06-10© 2022 Jessenia Moreno-Manzo, Ariadna Gassiot-Melian and Lluís CorominaJessenia Moreno-ManzoAriadna Gassiot-MelianLluís CorominaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-06-1010.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0049https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0049/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Jessenia Moreno-Manzo, Ariadna Gassiot-Melian and Lluís Corominahttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
How does heritage contribute to inclusive growth?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0050/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe first objective of this article is to analyse the reasons to pursue inclusive growth, that is economic growth accompanied by a reduction of social inequalities in different dimensions. The second objective of the article is to develop a systematised framework to understand the different channels and enablers by which heritage can contribute to inclusive growth through a review of specialised literature. The methodology of this article is based on an exhaustive review of existing literature around models of economic development and their ability to decrease social inequalities. It critically reviews theoretical and empirical studies on existing economic approaches and links them with the heritage policy field. The article finds that countries should pursue inclusive development since it is a fundamental condition for social cohesion, trust and society's overall well-being and because it enables economic growth to be sustainable through time. It also identifies four channels through which heritage can contribute to inclusive development: in its public good dimension, in its capacity to equalise opportunities, in its ability to reduce social, educational and health disparities and in its capacity to decrease spatial income inequalities through regeneration processes. The framework, that is developed to categorise the different channels and enablers through which heritage could contribute to inclusive growth, is not empirically tested. Further research could approach this by estimating a difference in difference model. However, data limitations could limit this objective in the short-term. Its originality relies in the development of a conceptual framework that is aimed at shaping heritage policies that target, at the same time, the reduction of inequalities and economic growth.How does heritage contribute to inclusive growth?
Brenda Denise Dorpalen, Eirini Gallou
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The first objective of this article is to analyse the reasons to pursue inclusive growth, that is economic growth accompanied by a reduction of social inequalities in different dimensions. The second objective of the article is to develop a systematised framework to understand the different channels and enablers by which heritage can contribute to inclusive growth through a review of specialised literature.

The methodology of this article is based on an exhaustive review of existing literature around models of economic development and their ability to decrease social inequalities. It critically reviews theoretical and empirical studies on existing economic approaches and links them with the heritage policy field.

The article finds that countries should pursue inclusive development since it is a fundamental condition for social cohesion, trust and society's overall well-being and because it enables economic growth to be sustainable through time. It also identifies four channels through which heritage can contribute to inclusive development: in its public good dimension, in its capacity to equalise opportunities, in its ability to reduce social, educational and health disparities and in its capacity to decrease spatial income inequalities through regeneration processes.

The framework, that is developed to categorise the different channels and enablers through which heritage could contribute to inclusive growth, is not empirically tested. Further research could approach this by estimating a difference in difference model. However, data limitations could limit this objective in the short-term.

Its originality relies in the development of a conceptual framework that is aimed at shaping heritage policies that target, at the same time, the reduction of inequalities and economic growth.

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How does heritage contribute to inclusive growth?10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0050Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-11-14© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedBrenda Denise DorpalenEirini GallouJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-1410.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0050https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0050/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Exploring the spatial structure of Toon historical town courtyard houses: topological characteristics of the courtyard based on a configuration approachhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0051/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIn response, this study developed a mathematical and computational method, through spatial configurations with justified plan graph (JPG), drawn from Space Syntax to extract essential information of the spatial topology of 13 valuable traditional courtyard houses located in Toon historical city of Iran. Historical vernacular housing has always been designed to incorporate and reflect the local lifestyle and cultural conditions. “Courtyard” is a fundamental part of traditional Iranian houses. This traditional building type includes a walled boundary and a complex of open, semi-enclosed and enclosed spaces. This study investigates the traditional houses in Toon historical town. Toon is one of the ancient towns in southeast Iran, including old courtyard houses in its heritage context. The spatial influence of the courtyard contributes to the formation of this famous architectural type. The results show the remarkable impact of this space on dominating the plan of traditional Toon houses configuration compared to other spaces in all cases. Furthermore, spatial accessibility has changed over time, and the Safavid period had a higher level of integration and lower level of accessibility (mean i = 7.03) rather than the Qajar period (mean i = 6.34); also, privacy has decreased progressively. The knowledge of characteristics of this historical architecture needs to be gathered for the preservation and conservation of the built heritage. Hence, the principle behind traditional Iranian courtyards was investigated to recognize the difference between the spatial influence of the courtyard and other spaces and the changes in the courtyard over time.Exploring the spatial structure of Toon historical town courtyard houses: topological characteristics of the courtyard based on a configuration approach
Hamed Kamelnia, Pirouz Hanachi, Mina Moayedi
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

In response, this study developed a mathematical and computational method, through spatial configurations with justified plan graph (JPG), drawn from Space Syntax to extract essential information of the spatial topology of 13 valuable traditional courtyard houses located in Toon historical city of Iran.

Historical vernacular housing has always been designed to incorporate and reflect the local lifestyle and cultural conditions. “Courtyard” is a fundamental part of traditional Iranian houses. This traditional building type includes a walled boundary and a complex of open, semi-enclosed and enclosed spaces. This study investigates the traditional houses in Toon historical town. Toon is one of the ancient towns in southeast Iran, including old courtyard houses in its heritage context. The spatial influence of the courtyard contributes to the formation of this famous architectural type.

The results show the remarkable impact of this space on dominating the plan of traditional Toon houses configuration compared to other spaces in all cases. Furthermore, spatial accessibility has changed over time, and the Safavid period had a higher level of integration and lower level of accessibility (mean i = 7.03) rather than the Qajar period (mean i = 6.34); also, privacy has decreased progressively.

The knowledge of characteristics of this historical architecture needs to be gathered for the preservation and conservation of the built heritage. Hence, the principle behind traditional Iranian courtyards was investigated to recognize the difference between the spatial influence of the courtyard and other spaces and the changes in the courtyard over time.

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Exploring the spatial structure of Toon historical town courtyard houses: topological characteristics of the courtyard based on a configuration approach10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0051Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-08-16© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedHamed KamelniaPirouz HanachiMina MoayediJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-1610.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0051https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2022-0051/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The changing real estate investment dynamics in Indian holy cities: effect of spirituality on property buying behaviorhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0075/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestHoly cities in India are seeing tremendous gentrification. This study aims to investigate the effect of the changing lifestyle of people towards spirituality and the changing lifestyle's impact on consumer buying behavior on properties in Indian holy cities which has not been studied anecdotally. The research is exploratory in nature. A questionnaire has been sent to collect primary data through SurveyMonkey. Simple random sampling was used to collect a sample of 450 respondents which was also verified using G* software. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and partial least square–structured equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings obtained through the structural model using bootstrapping technique suggest that intrinsic and extrinsic factors are attracting tourists leading to an increase in the demand for real estate in holy cities. The research findings may vary as per the cultural differences and belief in spirituality, which is subject to perceptual biases in different holy cities. The traditional determinants of property buying behavior are considered inadequate to attract real estate investments. The inclusion of these behavioral aspects – intrinsic and extrinsic factors may improve the investment inflows in India. Spirituality connects to the concept of behavioral real estate, where the decision to buy property is largely affected by the emotional attachment of people. This research adds value to fill the gap by finding out the latent determinant – emotional reasons impacting transnational gentrification in India.The changing real estate investment dynamics in Indian holy cities: effect of spirituality on property buying behavior
Taran Kaur, Sanjeev Bansal, Priya Solomon
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Holy cities in India are seeing tremendous gentrification. This study aims to investigate the effect of the changing lifestyle of people towards spirituality and the changing lifestyle's impact on consumer buying behavior on properties in Indian holy cities which has not been studied anecdotally.

The research is exploratory in nature. A questionnaire has been sent to collect primary data through SurveyMonkey. Simple random sampling was used to collect a sample of 450 respondents which was also verified using G* software. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and partial least square–structured equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

Findings obtained through the structural model using bootstrapping technique suggest that intrinsic and extrinsic factors are attracting tourists leading to an increase in the demand for real estate in holy cities.

The research findings may vary as per the cultural differences and belief in spirituality, which is subject to perceptual biases in different holy cities.

The traditional determinants of property buying behavior are considered inadequate to attract real estate investments. The inclusion of these behavioral aspects – intrinsic and extrinsic factors may improve the investment inflows in India.

Spirituality connects to the concept of behavioral real estate, where the decision to buy property is largely affected by the emotional attachment of people.

This research adds value to fill the gap by finding out the latent determinant – emotional reasons impacting transnational gentrification in India.

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The changing real estate investment dynamics in Indian holy cities: effect of spirituality on property buying behavior10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0075Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-06-01© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedTaran KaurSanjeev BansalPriya SolomonJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-06-0110.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0075https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2021-0075/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Research on the production, application and management of virtual reality in the National Palace Museumhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2022-0060/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestVirtual reality (VR) can be used as an alternative mean for viewing collections at home when it is not possible to visit museums due to COVID-19. This study took the development process of VR at Taiwan's National Palace Museum (NPM) as a case to discuss the characteristics of VR developed there in different periods and how NPM transforms the contents of its collections into VR. This study used a case study to analyze the development process of VR at NPM from 2014 to 2019 and summarized the characteristics of the development and application of VR. The authors find that the history of VR application in NPM is a process from exploring the technology to gradually getting familiar with the potential of its application. Its development can be divided into the exploration and experiment stage from 2014 to 2015, the single collection interpretation stage in 2016 and the multipurpose application stage from 2017 to 2019. It is suggested that museums should adopt a long-term strategy to introduce VR, make plans carefully and pay attention to the limitations of VR application. The results of this study are suitable for art and history museums. Many research studies on the application of VR in museums mostly focused on the benefits and technologies of adopting VR in museums as well as specific museum VR projects. There is still scant literature on the development process of museum VR from the perspective of museum organizations.Research on the production, application and management of virtual reality in the National Palace Museum
Shao-Chun Wu, James Quo-Ping Lin
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Virtual reality (VR) can be used as an alternative mean for viewing collections at home when it is not possible to visit museums due to COVID-19. This study took the development process of VR at Taiwan's National Palace Museum (NPM) as a case to discuss the characteristics of VR developed there in different periods and how NPM transforms the contents of its collections into VR.

This study used a case study to analyze the development process of VR at NPM from 2014 to 2019 and summarized the characteristics of the development and application of VR.

The authors find that the history of VR application in NPM is a process from exploring the technology to gradually getting familiar with the potential of its application. Its development can be divided into the exploration and experiment stage from 2014 to 2015, the single collection interpretation stage in 2016 and the multipurpose application stage from 2017 to 2019. It is suggested that museums should adopt a long-term strategy to introduce VR, make plans carefully and pay attention to the limitations of VR application.

The results of this study are suitable for art and history museums.

Many research studies on the application of VR in museums mostly focused on the benefits and technologies of adopting VR in museums as well as specific museum VR projects. There is still scant literature on the development process of museum VR from the perspective of museum organizations.

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Research on the production, application and management of virtual reality in the National Palace Museum10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2022-0060Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-11-07© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedShao-Chun WuJames Quo-Ping LinJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-0710.1108/JCHMSD-04-2022-0060https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-04-2022-0060/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Sustainability of historic rural settlements based on participatory conservation approach: Kemer Village in Turkeyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2021-0087/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to address the issue of the conservation and management of rural cultural heritage, with the aim being to gain an understanding of current problems and needs through a participatory approach, in recognition of the uniqueness of the relationship between nature, humankind and the built environment as an area of study. To this end, a comprehensive case study – Kemer Village in Turkey – focusing on the social sustainability and participatory approaches for the sustainable development of rural settlements is given. Accordingly, possible conservation, management and sustainability strategies are put forward considering the priorities and perspectives of different stakeholders. This paper approaches the subject of rural heritage conservation and management from a social sustainability standpoint, involving an on-site investigation to understand the physical and social context of Kemer Village in Turkey, which has links to different periods in history, and contains significant examples of vernacular architecture and that has maintained its cultural characteristics. Tools and criteria for participatory planning approach were applied ensuring the involvement of the local community and stakeholders. The findings of the present study reveal rural settlements to be important factors in the cultural heritage conservation and indicate the importance of prescient management and the adoption of a sustainable development model. Achieving the desired level of sustainability in historical villages through conservation of the built environment with the involvement of the local community is possible, as can be seen in the case of Kemer Village in Turkey, where the villagers and the local authorities worked in cooperation to ensure the preservation of the village's integrity. This study will describe possible long-term strategies and actions aimed at involving the local community in the sustainable conservation of the rural cultural heritage while also embracing change. It is important that the concept of sustainability is realized with participatory planning methods. In addition to that, rural heritage and social sustainability together incorporate a widespread but rarely considered set of issues addressing local needs in conservation.Sustainability of historic rural settlements based on participatory conservation approach: Kemer Village in Turkey
Simay Cansu Ekici, Özgün Özçakır, Ayşe Güliz Bilgin Altinöz
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to address the issue of the conservation and management of rural cultural heritage, with the aim being to gain an understanding of current problems and needs through a participatory approach, in recognition of the uniqueness of the relationship between nature, humankind and the built environment as an area of study. To this end, a comprehensive case study – Kemer Village in Turkey – focusing on the social sustainability and participatory approaches for the sustainable development of rural settlements is given. Accordingly, possible conservation, management and sustainability strategies are put forward considering the priorities and perspectives of different stakeholders.

This paper approaches the subject of rural heritage conservation and management from a social sustainability standpoint, involving an on-site investigation to understand the physical and social context of Kemer Village in Turkey, which has links to different periods in history, and contains significant examples of vernacular architecture and that has maintained its cultural characteristics. Tools and criteria for participatory planning approach were applied ensuring the involvement of the local community and stakeholders.

The findings of the present study reveal rural settlements to be important factors in the cultural heritage conservation and indicate the importance of prescient management and the adoption of a sustainable development model. Achieving the desired level of sustainability in historical villages through conservation of the built environment with the involvement of the local community is possible, as can be seen in the case of Kemer Village in Turkey, where the villagers and the local authorities worked in cooperation to ensure the preservation of the village's integrity.

This study will describe possible long-term strategies and actions aimed at involving the local community in the sustainable conservation of the rural cultural heritage while also embracing change. It is important that the concept of sustainability is realized with participatory planning methods. In addition to that, rural heritage and social sustainability together incorporate a widespread but rarely considered set of issues addressing local needs in conservation.

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Sustainability of historic rural settlements based on participatory conservation approach: Kemer Village in Turkey10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2021-0087Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-04-12© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedSimay Cansu EkiciÖzgün ÖzçakırAyşe Güliz Bilgin AltinözJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-04-1210.1108/JCHMSD-05-2021-0087https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2021-0087/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Factors affecting the development of Lipu Yi costumes: intangible cultural heritage tourismhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0068/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe primary purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of tourists' perceived value, satisfaction and behavioral intention on the development of Lipu Yi costume culture to promote the development of intangible cultural tourism and better construct a model of the influencing factors of Lipu Yi costumes in the development of intangible cultural heritage tourism. The study site is the intangible cultural district of Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, China. This study examines the interrelationships between tourists' perceived value of experience, behavioral intention and satisfaction as the tourists relate to Lipu Yi costume and intangible cultural heritage tourism. A sample of 225 tourists who had visited Panzhihua at least once was selected for the study. All seven of the survey's hypotheses were supported. Therefore, this study concludes that tourists' perceived value, satisfaction and behavioral intention directly affect the development of intangible cultural tourism and significantly positively impact the growth of Lipu Yi costumes culture. Descriptive analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) investigation methods were used. This paper analyzes tourists' perceived value of Lipu costume culture and tourists' satisfaction and behavioral intention during the tourism process. This study provides a more in-depth understanding of the relationship between Lipu Yi costume and non-heritage tourism factors. Practical methods and approaches are sought to further develop Lipu Yi costume non-heritage tourism.Factors affecting the development of Lipu Yi costumes: intangible cultural heritage tourism
Xiaohua Fu, Thanawan Sittithai, Thitinan Chankoson
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of tourists' perceived value, satisfaction and behavioral intention on the development of Lipu Yi costume culture to promote the development of intangible cultural tourism and better construct a model of the influencing factors of Lipu Yi costumes in the development of intangible cultural heritage tourism.

The study site is the intangible cultural district of Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, China. This study examines the interrelationships between tourists' perceived value of experience, behavioral intention and satisfaction as the tourists relate to Lipu Yi costume and intangible cultural heritage tourism. A sample of 225 tourists who had visited Panzhihua at least once was selected for the study.

All seven of the survey's hypotheses were supported. Therefore, this study concludes that tourists' perceived value, satisfaction and behavioral intention directly affect the development of intangible cultural tourism and significantly positively impact the growth of Lipu Yi costumes culture. Descriptive analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) investigation methods were used.

This paper analyzes tourists' perceived value of Lipu costume culture and tourists' satisfaction and behavioral intention during the tourism process. This study provides a more in-depth understanding of the relationship between Lipu Yi costume and non-heritage tourism factors. Practical methods and approaches are sought to further develop Lipu Yi costume non-heritage tourism.

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Factors affecting the development of Lipu Yi costumes: intangible cultural heritage tourism10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0068Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-04-10© 2023 Xiaohua Fu, Thanawan Sittithai and Thitinan ChankosonXiaohua FuThanawan SittithaiThitinan ChankosonJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-04-1010.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0068https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0068/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Xiaohua Fu, Thanawan Sittithai and Thitinan Chankosonhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Historic development of policies and regulations concerning residential heritage in the Old City of Aleppohttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0072/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestHousing interventions carried out in accordance with current regulations in the Old City of Aleppo, both before and after the Syrian war, are minor in comparison to those carried out without a license and illegally. This suggests current policies are inadequate and needs upgrading. This article critically reviews current Syrian policies and their implementation on residential heritage in the Old City of Aleppo with the aim to identify gaps and propose directions for modifications. Next to a review of the text of official policies and implementation documents, the archive of the Directorate of the Old City has been consulted and license applications, presented in the period 2018–2022, have been examined. Moreover, interviews with decision-makers from academics and practice were conducted. Major limitations of these policies and relative application procedures have been identified: these involve: legal/administrative, economic and social aspects. The specific needs have been highlighted and some proposals for improvement made.Historic development of policies and regulations concerning residential heritage in the Old City of Aleppo
Christine Kousa, Barbara Lubelli, Uta Pottgiesser
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Housing interventions carried out in accordance with current regulations in the Old City of Aleppo, both before and after the Syrian war, are minor in comparison to those carried out without a license and illegally. This suggests current policies are inadequate and needs upgrading.

This article critically reviews current Syrian policies and their implementation on residential heritage in the Old City of Aleppo with the aim to identify gaps and propose directions for modifications. Next to a review of the text of official policies and implementation documents, the archive of the Directorate of the Old City has been consulted and license applications, presented in the period 2018–2022, have been examined. Moreover, interviews with decision-makers from academics and practice were conducted.

Major limitations of these policies and relative application procedures have been identified: these involve: legal/administrative, economic and social aspects.

The specific needs have been highlighted and some proposals for improvement made.

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Historic development of policies and regulations concerning residential heritage in the Old City of Aleppo10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0072Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-08-07© 2023 Christine Kousa, Barbara Lubelli and Uta PottgiesserChristine KousaBarbara LubelliUta PottgiesserJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-0710.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0072https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0072/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Christine Kousa, Barbara Lubelli and Uta Pottgiesserhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Sociocultural discrepancy in archaeological sites of Mexico: an overview of the situation in the state of Moreloshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0073/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe aim is to expose the lack of recognition of archaeological sites as a symbolic identity and cultural integrator, showcasing how a deconstructed ideal of public policies and social practices resulted from mismanagement in the processes of safeguarding the historical culture of the sites. It is intended to highlight this discrepancy as to raise awareness on the equivocal direction these complications are heading to and to stress the advocacy for knowledge dissemination government sectors should aim on promoting. The article draws substantively on the analysis of case studies at state and national level. The archaeological cultural value interpretation is supported by the analysis of historical records such as exploration logs, government organizations’ workbooks, norms and regulations of archaeological conservation and literature review. The current deconstructed cultural value of archaeological sites is interpreted given trends of promotion of archaeological heritage, which ultimately resulted in a misconception of origins. The subsequent analysis shows that present-day political and social activities on archaeological sites are predisposed by a mismanagement of cultural promotion. The preference for activities that differ from indigenous traditions, commercialization of culture and urban growth have diverged the ideal of culture integration and knowledge dissemination these sites were rescued for, leading to the ignorance of the population towards their cultural value. This phenomenon demonstrates that archaeology in Morelos is currently submerged in a misconception of origins. The article aims to expose an array of references to issues of the usefulness of archaeological heritage for political and economic purposes as a referent for future studies.Sociocultural discrepancy in archaeological sites of Mexico: an overview of the situation in the state of Morelos
Emmanuel David Gonzalez Armenta
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The aim is to expose the lack of recognition of archaeological sites as a symbolic identity and cultural integrator, showcasing how a deconstructed ideal of public policies and social practices resulted from mismanagement in the processes of safeguarding the historical culture of the sites. It is intended to highlight this discrepancy as to raise awareness on the equivocal direction these complications are heading to and to stress the advocacy for knowledge dissemination government sectors should aim on promoting.

The article draws substantively on the analysis of case studies at state and national level. The archaeological cultural value interpretation is supported by the analysis of historical records such as exploration logs, government organizations’ workbooks, norms and regulations of archaeological conservation and literature review. The current deconstructed cultural value of archaeological sites is interpreted given trends of promotion of archaeological heritage, which ultimately resulted in a misconception of origins.

The subsequent analysis shows that present-day political and social activities on archaeological sites are predisposed by a mismanagement of cultural promotion. The preference for activities that differ from indigenous traditions, commercialization of culture and urban growth have diverged the ideal of culture integration and knowledge dissemination these sites were rescued for, leading to the ignorance of the population towards their cultural value. This phenomenon demonstrates that archaeology in Morelos is currently submerged in a misconception of origins.

The article aims to expose an array of references to issues of the usefulness of archaeological heritage for political and economic purposes as a referent for future studies.

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Sociocultural discrepancy in archaeological sites of Mexico: an overview of the situation in the state of Morelos10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0073Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-02-14© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedEmmanuel David Gonzalez ArmentaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-1410.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0073https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0073/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The role of adaptive reuse in historic urban landscapes towards cities of inclusion. The case of acrehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0074/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestCities are facing challenges that dramatically affect their social and physical landscapes, leading to the increase of urban segregation and polarization. One response to these challenges is adaptive reuse, yet, in heterogeneous communities, these adaptations are often a source of conflict, because local actions often lack an integrative approach, leading to further exclusion. In this paper the authors explore the potential of adaptive reuse of urban heritage as a planning tool to support inclusiveness and heterogeneity. The city of Acre is used as a case study, where different scenarios for urban heritage are proposed and tested among stakeholders through interviews. These aim to explore how adaptive reuse processes can lead to the inclusion or exclusion of certain groups and how design interventions in historic urban landscapes challenge the way the current disconnected historic and urban layers interact. The paper presents the commonalities and differences between the interviewees' perceptions on Acre's functioning, their idea of inclusiveness and other aspects related to urban design. Moreover, it highlights the existing conflicts of interest, value prioritization and the adequacy of the proposed scenarios, serving as a way to verify the accuracy of the scenario building process. Testing an urban design tool related to adaptive reuse of urban heritage in a real and extreme case, based on the guidelines of the Historic Urban Landscape Recommendation; and critically analysing the sources of conflict and value systems to address inclusion in heterogenous settings.The role of adaptive reuse in historic urban landscapes towards cities of inclusion. The case of acre
Ana Jayone Yarza Pérez, Els Verbakel
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Cities are facing challenges that dramatically affect their social and physical landscapes, leading to the increase of urban segregation and polarization. One response to these challenges is adaptive reuse, yet, in heterogeneous communities, these adaptations are often a source of conflict, because local actions often lack an integrative approach, leading to further exclusion. In this paper the authors explore the potential of adaptive reuse of urban heritage as a planning tool to support inclusiveness and heterogeneity.

The city of Acre is used as a case study, where different scenarios for urban heritage are proposed and tested among stakeholders through interviews. These aim to explore how adaptive reuse processes can lead to the inclusion or exclusion of certain groups and how design interventions in historic urban landscapes challenge the way the current disconnected historic and urban layers interact.

The paper presents the commonalities and differences between the interviewees' perceptions on Acre's functioning, their idea of inclusiveness and other aspects related to urban design. Moreover, it highlights the existing conflicts of interest, value prioritization and the adequacy of the proposed scenarios, serving as a way to verify the accuracy of the scenario building process.

Testing an urban design tool related to adaptive reuse of urban heritage in a real and extreme case, based on the guidelines of the Historic Urban Landscape Recommendation; and critically analysing the sources of conflict and value systems to address inclusion in heterogenous settings.

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The role of adaptive reuse in historic urban landscapes towards cities of inclusion. The case of acre10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0074Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-09-30© 2022 Ana Jayone Yarza Pérez and Els VerbakelAna Jayone Yarza PérezEls VerbakelJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-3010.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0074https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0074/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Ana Jayone Yarza Pérez and Els Verbakelhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Frameworks for climate risk management (CRM) in cultural heritage: a systematic review of the state of the arthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0076/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestA comprehensive understanding of the determining factors and implications of the frameworks for appreciating the relationships between climate risks and cultural heritage remains deficient. To address the gap, the review analysed literature on the management of climate risk in cultural heritage. The review examines the strengths and weaknesses of climate risk management (CRM) frameworks and attendant implications for the conservation of cultural heritage. The study adopted a two-phased systematic review procedure. In the first phase, the authors reviewed related publications published between 2017 and 2021 in Scopus and Google Scholar. Key reports published by organisations such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) and International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) were identified and included in Phase Two to further understand approaches to CRM in cultural heritage. Results established the changes in trend and interactions between factors influencing the adoption of CRM frameworks, including methods and tools for CRM. There is also increasing interest in adopting quantitative and qualitative methods using highly technical equipment and software to assess climate risks to cultural heritage assets. However, climate risk information is largely collected at the national and regional levels rather than at the cultural heritage asset. The review establishes increasing implementation of CRM frameworks across national boundaries at place level using high-level technical skills and knowledge, which are rare amongst local organisations and professionals involved in cultural heritage management. The review established the need for multi-sectoral, bottom-up and place-based approaches to improve the identification of climate risks and decision-making processes for climate change adaptation.Frameworks for climate risk management (CRM) in cultural heritage: a systematic review of the state of the art
Olufemi Samson Adetunji, Jamie MacKee
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

A comprehensive understanding of the determining factors and implications of the frameworks for appreciating the relationships between climate risks and cultural heritage remains deficient. To address the gap, the review analysed literature on the management of climate risk in cultural heritage. The review examines the strengths and weaknesses of climate risk management (CRM) frameworks and attendant implications for the conservation of cultural heritage.

The study adopted a two-phased systematic review procedure. In the first phase, the authors reviewed related publications published between 2017 and 2021 in Scopus and Google Scholar. Key reports published by organisations such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) and International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) were identified and included in Phase Two to further understand approaches to CRM in cultural heritage.

Results established the changes in trend and interactions between factors influencing the adoption of CRM frameworks, including methods and tools for CRM. There is also increasing interest in adopting quantitative and qualitative methods using highly technical equipment and software to assess climate risks to cultural heritage assets. However, climate risk information is largely collected at the national and regional levels rather than at the cultural heritage asset.

The review establishes increasing implementation of CRM frameworks across national boundaries at place level using high-level technical skills and knowledge, which are rare amongst local organisations and professionals involved in cultural heritage management.

The review established the need for multi-sectoral, bottom-up and place-based approaches to improve the identification of climate risks and decision-making processes for climate change adaptation.

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Frameworks for climate risk management (CRM) in cultural heritage: a systematic review of the state of the art10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0076Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-11-07© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedOlufemi Samson AdetunjiJamie MacKeeJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-0710.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0076https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0076/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The World Heritage Convention at 50: management, credibility and sustainable developmenthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0077/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe World Heritage Convention has reached a milestone, and this year, in 2022, it is celebrating its 50th anniversary. The aim of this article is to review whether and how the goals of the strategic action plan (SAP) for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention (2012–2022) have been reached. This article starts by considering the outcomes for three of the SAP goals, dealing with protection and management; the credibility of the World Heritage List and sustainable development, using additional information from the final implementation report of the SAP (UNESCO, 2021a), which provides key performance indicators and the implementation status for each goal and associated outcomes. This article then compares and contrasts available data, trends and examples to provide more in-depth analyses of the implementation of the three goals. Data have been gathered from my own research and from the work of other academics and practitioners. The article finds several key positive changes, including the recent revisions of the Operational Guidelines to include provisions from the 2015 UNESCO Policy on World Heritage and Sustainable Development. However, a number of concerning or worsening trends relating to the protection and management of the World Heritage List, its increasing lack of credibility and sustainable development make it difficult to conclude that the implementation of the goals has been positive. The article concludes with suggestions for addressing these issues. This paper fills a gap, as not much has yet been published on the state of implementation of the Convention at 50 years old.The World Heritage Convention at 50: management, credibility and sustainable development
Sophia Labadi
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The World Heritage Convention has reached a milestone, and this year, in 2022, it is celebrating its 50th anniversary. The aim of this article is to review whether and how the goals of the strategic action plan (SAP) for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention (2012–2022) have been reached.

This article starts by considering the outcomes for three of the SAP goals, dealing with protection and management; the credibility of the World Heritage List and sustainable development, using additional information from the final implementation report of the SAP (UNESCO, 2021a), which provides key performance indicators and the implementation status for each goal and associated outcomes. This article then compares and contrasts available data, trends and examples to provide more in-depth analyses of the implementation of the three goals. Data have been gathered from my own research and from the work of other academics and practitioners.

The article finds several key positive changes, including the recent revisions of the Operational Guidelines to include provisions from the 2015 UNESCO Policy on World Heritage and Sustainable Development. However, a number of concerning or worsening trends relating to the protection and management of the World Heritage List, its increasing lack of credibility and sustainable development make it difficult to conclude that the implementation of the goals has been positive. The article concludes with suggestions for addressing these issues.

This paper fills a gap, as not much has yet been published on the state of implementation of the Convention at 50 years old.

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The World Heritage Convention at 50: management, credibility and sustainable development10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0077Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-09-05© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedSophia LabadiJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-0510.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0077https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0077/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
“No religion is superior”: history, culture, politics and heritage preservations of  deityhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0082/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe main objective of this research is to interrogate the cultural and historical significance of deities in Igbo land, using the Ogwugwu Mmiri deity in Okija as a case study. The study presents evidence that the Ogwugwu Mmiri in Okija has helped preserve the Igbo cultural heritage and traditional values, norms and precepts, which counters the narrative that Christianity undermined these aspects of Igbo society in the past. The research on the Ogwugwu Mmiri deity in Okija centered its discussion on the Okija community in the present-day Anambra State, Southeastern Nigeria. The research relied on qualitative methodology through the participant observation method. Primary and secondary sources of data were used to interpret the study area. The researchers visited the research site and maintained the Covid-19 protocol during the interview sessions. The study reveals that Africans practiced religion prior to the arrival of missionaries and challenges the prevailing notion that colonial religions erased the indigenous beliefs of the Igbo people. By examining the worship of the Ogwugwu Mmiri deity, the research observes that the community has embraced a dual religious system, where both Christian and traditional worshipers revere the deity. However, the study concludes that the deity's existence in Okija was not impacted by the government's invasion in 2004. The traditions, beliefs, customs and norms of a society reflect past events and guide daily interactions with the environment. This is exemplified by the historical discourse surrounding the Ogwugwu Mmiri deity in the Okija community, where the deity's activities align with Christian beliefs and norms. The research demonstrates how young people and indigenous inhabitants protect and preserve their cultural heritage and traditions from external influences.“No religion is superior”: history, culture, politics and heritage preservations of  deity
Mathias Chukwudi Isiani, Benjamin Chukwudebelu, Uchechukwu Onyishi
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The main objective of this research is to interrogate the cultural and historical significance of deities in Igbo land, using the Ogwugwu Mmiri deity in Okija as a case study. The study presents evidence that the Ogwugwu Mmiri in Okija has helped preserve the Igbo cultural heritage and traditional values, norms and precepts, which counters the narrative that Christianity undermined these aspects of Igbo society in the past.

The research on the Ogwugwu Mmiri deity in Okija centered its discussion on the Okija community in the present-day Anambra State, Southeastern Nigeria. The research relied on qualitative methodology through the participant observation method. Primary and secondary sources of data were used to interpret the study area. The researchers visited the research site and maintained the Covid-19 protocol during the interview sessions.

The study reveals that Africans practiced religion prior to the arrival of missionaries and challenges the prevailing notion that colonial religions erased the indigenous beliefs of the Igbo people. By examining the worship of the Ogwugwu Mmiri deity, the research observes that the community has embraced a dual religious system, where both Christian and traditional worshipers revere the deity. However, the study concludes that the deity's existence in Okija was not impacted by the government's invasion in 2004.

The traditions, beliefs, customs and norms of a society reflect past events and guide daily interactions with the environment. This is exemplified by the historical discourse surrounding the Ogwugwu Mmiri deity in the Okija community, where the deity's activities align with Christian beliefs and norms. The research demonstrates how young people and indigenous inhabitants protect and preserve their cultural heritage and traditions from external influences.

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“No religion is superior”: history, culture, politics and heritage preservations of  deity10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0082Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-08-18© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedMathias Chukwudi IsianiBenjamin ChukwudebeluUchechukwu OnyishiJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-1810.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0082https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0082/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Safeguarding intangible cultural heritage for sustainable development. The case of traditional salt activityhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0088/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe authors have carried out a research project on artisanal salt activity in the Gulf of Cadiz, providing a new vision of the theories of intangible cultural heritage. The main objective has been to characterise artisanal salt activity in terms of its cultural and sustainable values, a perspective that had not been addressed until now. Moreover, the replacement of this activity by a more industrialised one has contributed to problems in the preservation of this heritage and a transformation of its places. The research has combined qualitative methodology, based on observation and fieldwork, with a statistical review of the phenomenon under study. Finally, the data has been triangulated to understand the heritage and sustainable value, as well as its historical evolution. All this contributes to understanding the importance of artisanal salt activity as an element of the intangible cultural heritage of the region, for the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable ways of life in the marshes of the Gulf of Cadiz, and the possibility of preserving it in the face of the problems of globalisation. To date, there has been no research that combines sustainability and heritage in the field of salt activity. Likewise, until this study was carried out, there had been no research on salt activity from the perspective of intangible cultural heritage.Safeguarding intangible cultural heritage for sustainable development. The case of traditional salt activity
Laura del Valle
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The authors have carried out a research project on artisanal salt activity in the Gulf of Cadiz, providing a new vision of the theories of intangible cultural heritage. The main objective has been to characterise artisanal salt activity in terms of its cultural and sustainable values, a perspective that had not been addressed until now. Moreover, the replacement of this activity by a more industrialised one has contributed to problems in the preservation of this heritage and a transformation of its places.

The research has combined qualitative methodology, based on observation and fieldwork, with a statistical review of the phenomenon under study. Finally, the data has been triangulated to understand the heritage and sustainable value, as well as its historical evolution.

All this contributes to understanding the importance of artisanal salt activity as an element of the intangible cultural heritage of the region, for the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable ways of life in the marshes of the Gulf of Cadiz, and the possibility of preserving it in the face of the problems of globalisation.

To date, there has been no research that combines sustainability and heritage in the field of salt activity. Likewise, until this study was carried out, there had been no research on salt activity from the perspective of intangible cultural heritage.

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Safeguarding intangible cultural heritage for sustainable development. The case of traditional salt activity10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0088Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-08-07© 2023 Laura del ValleLaura del ValleJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-0710.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0088https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2022-0088/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Laura del Vallehttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Handwoven interior accessories from palm leaves as sustainable elementshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0054/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper argues that cultures with the same climate have similar handicrafts as they have similar cultivation and identical raw materials. This study focuses on how mountainous, coastal and hot regions partaking in similar crafts and cultural heritage use palm leaves and analyses the resulting handicrafts' similarities. A review of mapping these samples establishes this similarity in the traditional industries of some civilizations' cultural heritage from countries sharing similar climates. The handwoven crafts using palm leaves were significant patrimonial artifacts in different societies' and communities' cultural heritage. Our studies revealed that climate plays an active role in influencing all aspects of humanity’s life. It affects the construction methods and style, agriculture and lifestyles. Traditional handwoven palm leaf product models, especially plates and baskets, are studied from South America, Africa, Gulf Countries and Asia. Additionally, this paper focuses on preserving these treasures as an essential part of interior elements as accessories for most inhabitants of these areas. Cultural heritage also embraces intangible aspects such as skills passed down through generations within a particular society. The tangible and intangible elements complement each other and contribute to an overall legacy. Cultural heritage reflects a society’s way of life carried down through the years across lands, items, customs and aesthetic concepts. People are the gatekeepers of society, as they preserve their way of life for future generations to emulate. Tangible artistic and cultural heritage comprises artifacts. It comprises all human evidence and expressions, such as traditional handicrafts, pictures, documents, books and manuscripts.Handwoven interior accessories from palm leaves as sustainable elements
Gamal Elsamanoudy, Naglaa Sami Abdelaziz Mahmoud, Platon Alexiou
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper argues that cultures with the same climate have similar handicrafts as they have similar cultivation and identical raw materials. This study focuses on how mountainous, coastal and hot regions partaking in similar crafts and cultural heritage use palm leaves and analyses the resulting handicrafts' similarities.

A review of mapping these samples establishes this similarity in the traditional industries of some civilizations' cultural heritage from countries sharing similar climates.

The handwoven crafts using palm leaves were significant patrimonial artifacts in different societies' and communities' cultural heritage. Our studies revealed that climate plays an active role in influencing all aspects of humanity’s life. It affects the construction methods and style, agriculture and lifestyles.

Traditional handwoven palm leaf product models, especially plates and baskets, are studied from South America, Africa, Gulf Countries and Asia.

Additionally, this paper focuses on preserving these treasures as an essential part of interior elements as accessories for most inhabitants of these areas.

Cultural heritage also embraces intangible aspects such as skills passed down through generations within a particular society. The tangible and intangible elements complement each other and contribute to an overall legacy.

Cultural heritage reflects a society’s way of life carried down through the years across lands, items, customs and aesthetic concepts. People are the gatekeepers of society, as they preserve their way of life for future generations to emulate. Tangible artistic and cultural heritage comprises artifacts. It comprises all human evidence and expressions, such as traditional handicrafts, pictures, documents, books and manuscripts.

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Handwoven interior accessories from palm leaves as sustainable elements10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0054Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-03-18© 2024 Gamal Elsamanoudy, Naglaa Sami Abdelaziz Mahmoud and Platon AlexiouGamal ElsamanoudyNaglaa Sami Abdelaziz MahmoudPlaton AlexiouJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-1810.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0054https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0054/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Gamal Elsamanoudy, Naglaa Sami Abdelaziz Mahmoud and Platon Alexiouhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Information sources and tourism heritage: a sustainable economy perspectivehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0062/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestConserving appropriately the culture and heritage of a city through sustainable tourism is a key element for its economic development. Heritage cities generate economic, social and environmental benefits through tourism management. This study aims to intend, in the context of economic sustainability of the territory and promotion, to improve the understanding of the relationship between the sources of information of tourists and their motivations, with satisfaction and future behaviour intentions. For this, a study has been carried out in the Old Town of Cáceres (Spain), a city recognised as a world heritage property by UNESCO. This study applies a descriptive analysis, based on frequencies. For data collection, a structured questionnaire has been used to identify the opinion of tourists during their visit to the heritage city of Cáceres. This study demonstrates the existence of a positive relationship between the sources of information and the tourist experience with their future behavioural intentions and satisfaction of their visit. All this in the global context of the destination for sustainable economy and the UN Agenda 2030 for sustainable development. Furthermore, the results of the study suggest that the motivations of tourists are the most important factor in explaining the overall experience and loyalty of tourists to a city. A limitation of this study is the data set used. The results must be contextualised at the time and place when the questionnaire was conducted. The proposed model makes it possible to advance future heritage tourism strategies, in terms of planning and communication of the heritage resources of a destination. Tourism heritage institutions should increasingly invest in communication improvements based on new technologies and social media. At the same time, integrated planning with special policies for the sustainable protection of heritage can make important progress in the tourist and cultural development of the destination. This article tests for the first time within the context of heritage cities in Spain and in the context of a sustainable economy and cultural heritage for destination, the relationship between different sources of site promotion information and future tourist behaviour intentions. It provides original evidence of the value of applying the underlying theory of the proposed model in a world heritage tourist destination.Information sources and tourism heritage: a sustainable economy perspective
José A. Folgado-Fernández, Nuria Huete-Alcocer, Ricardo Hernández-Rojas, Ona Vileikis
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Conserving appropriately the culture and heritage of a city through sustainable tourism is a key element for its economic development. Heritage cities generate economic, social and environmental benefits through tourism management. This study aims to intend, in the context of economic sustainability of the territory and promotion, to improve the understanding of the relationship between the sources of information of tourists and their motivations, with satisfaction and future behaviour intentions. For this, a study has been carried out in the Old Town of Cáceres (Spain), a city recognised as a world heritage property by UNESCO.

This study applies a descriptive analysis, based on frequencies. For data collection, a structured questionnaire has been used to identify the opinion of tourists during their visit to the heritage city of Cáceres.

This study demonstrates the existence of a positive relationship between the sources of information and the tourist experience with their future behavioural intentions and satisfaction of their visit. All this in the global context of the destination for sustainable economy and the UN Agenda 2030 for sustainable development. Furthermore, the results of the study suggest that the motivations of tourists are the most important factor in explaining the overall experience and loyalty of tourists to a city.

A limitation of this study is the data set used. The results must be contextualised at the time and place when the questionnaire was conducted.

The proposed model makes it possible to advance future heritage tourism strategies, in terms of planning and communication of the heritage resources of a destination. Tourism heritage institutions should increasingly invest in communication improvements based on new technologies and social media. At the same time, integrated planning with special policies for the sustainable protection of heritage can make important progress in the tourist and cultural development of the destination.

This article tests for the first time within the context of heritage cities in Spain and in the context of a sustainable economy and cultural heritage for destination, the relationship between different sources of site promotion information and future tourist behaviour intentions. It provides original evidence of the value of applying the underlying theory of the proposed model in a world heritage tourist destination.

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Information sources and tourism heritage: a sustainable economy perspective10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0062Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-01-25© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedJosé A. Folgado-FernándezNuria Huete-AlcocerRicardo Hernández-RojasOna VileikisJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-2510.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0062https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0062/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Positioning UAE archaeological sites in tourism supply chainshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0066/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to address the relevance of archaeological heritage in the context of supply chains for the tourism industry. It does so by providing converging ideas on the usefulness of individual sites, not in their strict scientific or latent value but as an enhancer for optimizing cultural production in a wider scenario of aggregate demand. While examples from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) illustrate this reasoning, the underlying principles have a widespread application and point to a need for defragmenting and realigning tangible heritage as a key production factor. Methods used consist of an inductive approach, based on secondary sources and semi-structured interviews. Results indicate that, while archaeological resources remain central to the promotion of cultural tourism in the UAE, suppliers face challenges when incorporating particular sites into consumer-friendly packages. The study contributes to the identification of common risks and opportunities for archaeological resource management in the development of UAE tourism products. This represents an original angle, given the focus on the specific regional, cooperative added value of archaeological resources and the need for optimizing them in a functional supply chain.Positioning UAE archaeological sites in tourism supply chains
Adriaan De Man
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to address the relevance of archaeological heritage in the context of supply chains for the tourism industry. It does so by providing converging ideas on the usefulness of individual sites, not in their strict scientific or latent value but as an enhancer for optimizing cultural production in a wider scenario of aggregate demand.

While examples from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) illustrate this reasoning, the underlying principles have a widespread application and point to a need for defragmenting and realigning tangible heritage as a key production factor. Methods used consist of an inductive approach, based on secondary sources and semi-structured interviews.

Results indicate that, while archaeological resources remain central to the promotion of cultural tourism in the UAE, suppliers face challenges when incorporating particular sites into consumer-friendly packages.

The study contributes to the identification of common risks and opportunities for archaeological resource management in the development of UAE tourism products.

This represents an original angle, given the focus on the specific regional, cooperative added value of archaeological resources and the need for optimizing them in a functional supply chain.

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Positioning UAE archaeological sites in tourism supply chains10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0066Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-03-15© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedAdriaan De ManJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-1510.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0066https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0066/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Adaptive reuse of built heritage: conserving and designing with valueshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0068/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestAdaptive reuse processes aim to preserve heritage values while creating new values through the architectural interventions that have become necessary. This claim provokes a discussion about the meaning of values, how we can preserve them in practice and how we can translate them into architectural qualities that users experience. Riegl's understanding of the different perspectives of heritage values in the past and present opens up the possibility of identifying present values as a reflection of current social, material and political conditions in the architectural discourse. This qualitative and practical study compares two Belgian projects to trace the use of values in adaptive reuse projects from an architectural design perspective. The Predikherenklooster, a 17th-century monastery in Mechelen that now houses the public library, and the C-Mine cultural centre in Genk, a former 20th-century coal mine, are compared. The starting point is Flemish legislation, which defines significance through values, distinguishing between 13 heritage values. The study demonstrates the opportunities that axiological questions offer during the design process of an adaptive reuse project. They provide an overarching framework for tangible and intangible aspects that need to be discussed, particularly in terms of the link between what exists, the design strategy and their effect. Adaptive reuse can draw on approaches from both heritage conservation and contemporary architecture and explore values as a tool for “re-designing” built heritage.Adaptive reuse of built heritage: conserving and designing with values
Nadin Augustiniok, Claudine Houbart, Bie Plevoets, Koenraad Van Cleempoel
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Adaptive reuse processes aim to preserve heritage values while creating new values through the architectural interventions that have become necessary. This claim provokes a discussion about the meaning of values, how we can preserve them in practice and how we can translate them into architectural qualities that users experience. Riegl's understanding of the different perspectives of heritage values in the past and present opens up the possibility of identifying present values as a reflection of current social, material and political conditions in the architectural discourse.

This qualitative and practical study compares two Belgian projects to trace the use of values in adaptive reuse projects from an architectural design perspective. The Predikherenklooster, a 17th-century monastery in Mechelen that now houses the public library, and the C-Mine cultural centre in Genk, a former 20th-century coal mine, are compared. The starting point is Flemish legislation, which defines significance through values, distinguishing between 13 heritage values.

The study demonstrates the opportunities that axiological questions offer during the design process of an adaptive reuse project. They provide an overarching framework for tangible and intangible aspects that need to be discussed, particularly in terms of the link between what exists, the design strategy and their effect.

Adaptive reuse can draw on approaches from both heritage conservation and contemporary architecture and explore values as a tool for “re-designing” built heritage.

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Adaptive reuse of built heritage: conserving and designing with values10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0068Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-10-31© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedNadin AugustiniokClaudine HoubartBie PlevoetsKoenraad Van CleempoelJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-3110.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0068https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0068/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Genoa, former church of Saints Gerolamo and Francesco Saverio and former university library: conservation, reuse and enhancement proposalshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0069/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis article sets out to show how principles and questions about method that underlie a way of interpreting the discipline of conservation and restoration can find results in research and studies, aiming at achieving even conscious reuse process. The occasion is the very recent research performed on the former Church of Saints Gerolamo and Francesco Saverio in Genoa, Italy, the Jesuit church annexed to the 17th-century College of the order. It is a small Baroque jewel in the heart of the ancient city, former University Library and actually abandoned, forgotten for years, inaccessible and awaiting a new use. The two-year work carried out on the monumental building was conducted according to a study and research methodology developed and refined over the years within the activities of the School of Specialisation in Architectural Heritage and Landscape of the University of Genoa. It is a multidisciplinary and rigorous approach, which aims to train high-level professionals, up-to-date and aware of the multiple problems that interventions on existing buildings, especially of a monumental nature, involve. The biennal study has been carried out within the activities of the Post-Graduate Programme in Architectural Heritage and Landscape of the University of Genoa. The work methodology faces the challenges of the contemporary complexity, raised by the progressive broadening of the concept of cultural “heritage” and by the problems of its conservation, its active safeguard and its reuse: safety in respect of seismic risk, fire and hydro geological instability, universal accessibility – cognitive, physical and alternative – resource efficiency, comfort and savings in energy consumption, sustainability, communication and involvement of local communities and stakeholders. The goals of the work were the following: understanding of the architectural heritage, through the correlated study of its geometries, elements and construction materials, surfaces, structures, spaces and functions; understanding of the transformations that the building has undergone over time, relating the results of historical reconstructions from indirect sources and those of direct archaeological analysis; assessment of the state of conservation of the building recognising phenomena of deterioration, damage, faults and deficits that affect materials, construction elements, systems and structures; identification of the causes and extent of damage, faults and deficits, assessing the vulnerability and level of exposure of the asset to the aggression of environmental factors and related risks; evaluation of the compatibility between the characteristics of the available spaces, the primary needs of conservation, the instance of regeneration and possible new uses; the definition of criteria and guidelines for establishing the planning of conservation, restoration and redevelopment interventions.Genoa, former church of Saints Gerolamo and Francesco Saverio and former university library: conservation, reuse and enhancement proposals
Stefano Francesco Musso, Giovanna Franco
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This article sets out to show how principles and questions about method that underlie a way of interpreting the discipline of conservation and restoration can find results in research and studies, aiming at achieving even conscious reuse process. The occasion is the very recent research performed on the former Church of Saints Gerolamo and Francesco Saverio in Genoa, Italy, the Jesuit church annexed to the 17th-century College of the order. It is a small Baroque jewel in the heart of the ancient city, former University Library and actually abandoned, forgotten for years, inaccessible and awaiting a new use.

The two-year work carried out on the monumental building was conducted according to a study and research methodology developed and refined over the years within the activities of the School of Specialisation in Architectural Heritage and Landscape of the University of Genoa. It is a multidisciplinary and rigorous approach, which aims to train high-level professionals, up-to-date and aware of the multiple problems that interventions on existing buildings, especially of a monumental nature, involve.

The biennal study has been carried out within the activities of the Post-Graduate Programme in Architectural Heritage and Landscape of the University of Genoa. The work methodology faces the challenges of the contemporary complexity, raised by the progressive broadening of the concept of cultural “heritage” and by the problems of its conservation, its active safeguard and its reuse: safety in respect of seismic risk, fire and hydro geological instability, universal accessibility – cognitive, physical and alternative – resource efficiency, comfort and savings in energy consumption, sustainability, communication and involvement of local communities and stakeholders.

The goals of the work were the following: understanding of the architectural heritage, through the correlated study of its geometries, elements and construction materials, surfaces, structures, spaces and functions; understanding of the transformations that the building has undergone over time, relating the results of historical reconstructions from indirect sources and those of direct archaeological analysis; assessment of the state of conservation of the building recognising phenomena of deterioration, damage, faults and deficits that affect materials, construction elements, systems and structures; identification of the causes and extent of damage, faults and deficits, assessing the vulnerability and level of exposure of the asset to the aggression of environmental factors and related risks; evaluation of the compatibility between the characteristics of the available spaces, the primary needs of conservation, the instance of regeneration and possible new uses; the definition of criteria and guidelines for establishing the planning of conservation, restoration and redevelopment interventions.

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Genoa, former church of Saints Gerolamo and Francesco Saverio and former university library: conservation, reuse and enhancement proposals10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0069Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-10-13© 2023 Stefano Francesco Musso and Giovanna FrancoStefano Francesco MussoGiovanna FrancoJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-1310.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0069https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0069/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Stefano Francesco Musso and Giovanna Francohttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Struggling with globalization challenges: addressing the oversupply of cultural facilities in the world heritage city of Cuenca, Ecuadorhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0070/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestCuenca, a World Heritage City, faces urban expansion as residents move to the outskirts, leaving the historic center abandoned and deteriorating. The challenge now is to relocate these spaces into sustainable and cohesive nodes. This research aims to identify cultural facility oversupply in the city center and understand the required usage for heritage buildings to promote a habitable, sustainable and cohesive historic center. The study consisted of two phases. Firstly, a georeferenced spatial analysis and monthly usage frequency of each facility is proposed. Secondly, interviews explored the criteria for designating heritage buildings as cultural facilities. Additionally, a survey assessed urban habitability in three historic center parishes, measuring aspects like coverage, satisfaction and security from residents' perspectives. The underutilization of cultural facilities demonstrates both inefficient heritage management and a lack of resident interest in cultural activities and neighborhood decision-making. Thus, ensuring collective ownership of heritage assets becomes crucial. Additionally, the municipality's approach to heritage must be reconsidered. While implementing a cultural program may seem faster and cheaper, the long-term cost-benefit of maintaining a cohesive historical center outweighs that of a dispersed city. This paper calls for a fundamental reimagining of the concept of built heritage, emphasizing the need for a more inclusive and integrated approach that goes beyond museum and tourism-driven strategies. This perspective recognizes the importance of social, cultural and environmental sustainability in revitalizing the historic center, considering the broader context of the city and its diverse inhabitants.Struggling with globalization challenges: addressing the oversupply of cultural facilities in the world heritage city of Cuenca, Ecuador
David Sánchez Alvarado, Nicolás Arízaga Hamilton, Verónica Cristina Heras, Julia Rey-Pérez
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Cuenca, a World Heritage City, faces urban expansion as residents move to the outskirts, leaving the historic center abandoned and deteriorating. The challenge now is to relocate these spaces into sustainable and cohesive nodes. This research aims to identify cultural facility oversupply in the city center and understand the required usage for heritage buildings to promote a habitable, sustainable and cohesive historic center.

The study consisted of two phases. Firstly, a georeferenced spatial analysis and monthly usage frequency of each facility is proposed. Secondly, interviews explored the criteria for designating heritage buildings as cultural facilities. Additionally, a survey assessed urban habitability in three historic center parishes, measuring aspects like coverage, satisfaction and security from residents' perspectives.

The underutilization of cultural facilities demonstrates both inefficient heritage management and a lack of resident interest in cultural activities and neighborhood decision-making. Thus, ensuring collective ownership of heritage assets becomes crucial. Additionally, the municipality's approach to heritage must be reconsidered. While implementing a cultural program may seem faster and cheaper, the long-term cost-benefit of maintaining a cohesive historical center outweighs that of a dispersed city.

This paper calls for a fundamental reimagining of the concept of built heritage, emphasizing the need for a more inclusive and integrated approach that goes beyond museum and tourism-driven strategies. This perspective recognizes the importance of social, cultural and environmental sustainability in revitalizing the historic center, considering the broader context of the city and its diverse inhabitants.

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Struggling with globalization challenges: addressing the oversupply of cultural facilities in the world heritage city of Cuenca, Ecuador10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0070Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-09-26© 2023 David Sánchez Alvarado, Nicolás Arízaga Hamilton, Verónica Cristina Heras and Julia Rey-PérezDavid Sánchez AlvaradoNicolás Arízaga HamiltonVerónica Cristina HerasJulia Rey-PérezJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-09-2610.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0070https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-05-2023-0070/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 David Sánchez Alvarado, Nicolás Arízaga Hamilton, Verónica Cristina Heras and Julia Rey-Pérezhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Destruction, heritage and memory: post-conflict memorialisation for recovery and reconciliationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0103/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe destruction of armed confrontations – ranging from chronic armed conflicts to full-scale wars – leads to enormous loss of human lives and causes wide-scale devastation. They also leave deep and lasting traumas in the minds of those whose lives are torn apart because of a conflict. Memorialisation of conflict-affected sites plays an invaluable part in post-trauma recovery and can contribute to the reconciliation of different groups involved in a conflict as these sites are representatives of communities' collective memory, identity and a source of unity and resilience. This paper aims to investigate post-trauma recovery and reconciliation processes through the phenomena of memorialisation. It aims to answer how and if the memorialisation of sites of pain can contribute to the recovery and reconciliation of affected communities and serve as examples for other people around the world. The documentation of such processes and the lessons learnt can offer valuable information for conducting similar exercises in other settings ravaged by a conflict. To achieve this, a review of literature on trauma, memory, memorialisation and difficult heritage was conducted, while the memorialisation processes from different cases such as Hiroshima and Nagasaki (1939–1945), Beirut (1975–1990) and Sarajevo's Vijecnica and Mostar Bridge (1992–1995) were analysed. It was identified that the potential of memorialisation for post-trauma recovery and reconciliation is vast. However, if these processes can “heal” or “hurt” depend largely on who the stakeholders are; how the site and events are interpreted and presented; how pre/post-conflict relationships and dynamics are harnessed; how symbolic meanings (old and new) are [re]interpreted; the spatial-temporal nature of the site and those interacting with it; and the intended and perceived messages. Altogether, memorialisation of conflict-affected sites is a political and continuous process that should take into consideration all those directly and indirectly involved, the dynamics between them and all the symbolic meanings acquired and attributed to the site. The study critically explores frameworks of memorialisation and their impact on both the built environment and communities. It contributes to the wider discussion of difficult heritage memorialisation and approaches to reflect on sites and cities emerging from crises such as conflict.Destruction, heritage and memory: post-conflict memorialisation for recovery and reconciliation
Zeynep Ece Atabay, Alessandra Macedonio, Tarek Teba, Zeynep Unal
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The destruction of armed confrontations – ranging from chronic armed conflicts to full-scale wars – leads to enormous loss of human lives and causes wide-scale devastation. They also leave deep and lasting traumas in the minds of those whose lives are torn apart because of a conflict. Memorialisation of conflict-affected sites plays an invaluable part in post-trauma recovery and can contribute to the reconciliation of different groups involved in a conflict as these sites are representatives of communities' collective memory, identity and a source of unity and resilience. This paper aims to investigate post-trauma recovery and reconciliation processes through the phenomena of memorialisation. It aims to answer how and if the memorialisation of sites of pain can contribute to the recovery and reconciliation of affected communities and serve as examples for other people around the world.

The documentation of such processes and the lessons learnt can offer valuable information for conducting similar exercises in other settings ravaged by a conflict. To achieve this, a review of literature on trauma, memory, memorialisation and difficult heritage was conducted, while the memorialisation processes from different cases such as Hiroshima and Nagasaki (1939–1945), Beirut (1975–1990) and Sarajevo's Vijecnica and Mostar Bridge (1992–1995) were analysed.

It was identified that the potential of memorialisation for post-trauma recovery and reconciliation is vast. However, if these processes can “heal” or “hurt” depend largely on who the stakeholders are; how the site and events are interpreted and presented; how pre/post-conflict relationships and dynamics are harnessed; how symbolic meanings (old and new) are [re]interpreted; the spatial-temporal nature of the site and those interacting with it; and the intended and perceived messages. Altogether, memorialisation of conflict-affected sites is a political and continuous process that should take into consideration all those directly and indirectly involved, the dynamics between them and all the symbolic meanings acquired and attributed to the site.

The study critically explores frameworks of memorialisation and their impact on both the built environment and communities. It contributes to the wider discussion of difficult heritage memorialisation and approaches to reflect on sites and cities emerging from crises such as conflict.

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Destruction, heritage and memory: post-conflict memorialisation for recovery and reconciliation10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0103Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-04-12© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedZeynep Ece AtabayAlessandra MacedonioTarek TebaZeynep UnalJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-04-1210.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0103https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0103/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Ongoing adaptive reuse: patterns of heritage resilience before and after COVID-19https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0116/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe paper aims to assess the impact and responses to coronavirus disease 2019 in six European heritage labs (Horizon 2020 Framework Programme) selected for their adaptive heritage re-use practices based on participation, self-organisation and self-management. As they are naturally oriented towards building resilient urban systems, the hypothesis is that the co-production of cultural values and places promoted by these projects could create the conditions for equitable perspectives of resilience in the normality of contemporary urban life. The paper draws on data collected through a survey of six European Living Labs between January and May 2021. The survey results are framed by a literature review that defines adaptive reuse in terms of resilience. The five resilience characteristics described by Judith Rodin (awareness, diversification, integration, self-regulation and adaptability) are used to navigate the literature and organise the survey results. Combining survey results and insights from the literature, some modes and elements (territorial, social, financial) are presented that contribute to creating the conditions for resilience through adaptive heritage reuse according to community-based approaches. Without claiming to be exhaustive, this evidence should be considered in the design phase of resilience programmes, policies or projects related to cultural heritage. The concepts of community and resilience are becoming increasingly important in the field of cultural heritage. This paper makes a creative contribution to the ongoing debate by presenting and evaluating the contribution of adaptive reuse practices to resilience building.Ongoing adaptive reuse: patterns of heritage resilience before and after COVID-19
Federica Fava
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The paper aims to assess the impact and responses to coronavirus disease 2019 in six European heritage labs (Horizon 2020 Framework Programme) selected for their adaptive heritage re-use practices based on participation, self-organisation and self-management. As they are naturally oriented towards building resilient urban systems, the hypothesis is that the co-production of cultural values and places promoted by these projects could create the conditions for equitable perspectives of resilience in the normality of contemporary urban life.

The paper draws on data collected through a survey of six European Living Labs between January and May 2021. The survey results are framed by a literature review that defines adaptive reuse in terms of resilience. The five resilience characteristics described by Judith Rodin (awareness, diversification, integration, self-regulation and adaptability) are used to navigate the literature and organise the survey results.

Combining survey results and insights from the literature, some modes and elements (territorial, social, financial) are presented that contribute to creating the conditions for resilience through adaptive heritage reuse according to community-based approaches. Without claiming to be exhaustive, this evidence should be considered in the design phase of resilience programmes, policies or projects related to cultural heritage.

The concepts of community and resilience are becoming increasingly important in the field of cultural heritage. This paper makes a creative contribution to the ongoing debate by presenting and evaluating the contribution of adaptive reuse practices to resilience building.

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Ongoing adaptive reuse: patterns of heritage resilience before and after COVID-1910.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0116Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-04-25© 2022 Federica FavaFederica FavaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-04-2510.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0116https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2021-0116/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Federica Favahttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Time, place and theme in heritage conservation: configurations and applicationshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0090/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study examines the time, place and theme constructs from the viewpoints of their theoretical configurations and potential applications in heritage conservation. The examination taps on the relationship of time to chronology, place to geography and theme to the human agency. Time, place and theme pose challenges in delineating workable definitions and in corroborating the resolvability of the terms into real-world applications. The challenges stem from the metaphysical nature of the constructs and the conjectural interpretability of the associated connotations. The humanistic setting of the study supports qualitative research and information assessment methods. Information to support the theoretical objective (configurations) comes from the seminal literature on the very nature of time, place and theme and on their relationship with chronology, geography and human agency, respectively. The information to support the applied objective (applications) comes mainly from the works of the US National Park Service heritage programs, particularly the historic context strategy where the members of the triad are applied. The theoretical knowledge about time, place and theme geared towards framing the constructs' configurations and applications in heritage conservation is lacking. Mediating time into chronology, place into geography and theme into argument provides a useful framework for understanding the constructs' configurations and applications. The study adds knowledge on time, place and theme that helps delineate the configurations and applications of these constructs to the benefit of heritage conservation planning.Time, place and theme in heritage conservation: configurations and applications
Salim Elwazani
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study examines the time, place and theme constructs from the viewpoints of their theoretical configurations and potential applications in heritage conservation. The examination taps on the relationship of time to chronology, place to geography and theme to the human agency. Time, place and theme pose challenges in delineating workable definitions and in corroborating the resolvability of the terms into real-world applications. The challenges stem from the metaphysical nature of the constructs and the conjectural interpretability of the associated connotations.

The humanistic setting of the study supports qualitative research and information assessment methods. Information to support the theoretical objective (configurations) comes from the seminal literature on the very nature of time, place and theme and on their relationship with chronology, geography and human agency, respectively. The information to support the applied objective (applications) comes mainly from the works of the US National Park Service heritage programs, particularly the historic context strategy where the members of the triad are applied.

The theoretical knowledge about time, place and theme geared towards framing the constructs' configurations and applications in heritage conservation is lacking. Mediating time into chronology, place into geography and theme into argument provides a useful framework for understanding the constructs' configurations and applications.

The study adds knowledge on time, place and theme that helps delineate the configurations and applications of these constructs to the benefit of heritage conservation planning.

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Time, place and theme in heritage conservation: configurations and applications10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0090Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-12-20© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedSalim ElwazaniJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-2010.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0090https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0090/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Comparative analysis of responses to COVID-19 in UNESCO Landscapes and World Heritage sites from Southern Europe and Americahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0092/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDue to the global COVID-19 pandemic, UNESCO Landscapes and World Heritage sites have faced unstable situations. Both at the sites themselves and in the research centres, universities and even the homes of the people involved, they have acted and responded to the best of their ability. In this context, the aim of the comparative analysis of different cases carried out here is to understand the main effects of the pandemic in the short term. On the one hand, the purpose is to determine what the general response trends have been and, on the other, to measure the resilience capacity in each case. Up to eight cases studies representing different and diverse kinds of Heritage and Protected Natural sites from Southern Europe and America are compared. In a context of uncertainty, new responses, unique opportunities and hitherto unseen weaknesses have arisen in research and management of natural and cultural heritage. In general terms, the dialogue between officials, technicians and researchers that have put together this article underlines the need to work towards a governance model that engages everyone in dialogue. Discrepancies between overlapping strategies and plans, which is the main conflict detected, should be avoided while a decentralisation of policies could be more operational. In this sense, situated knowledge may be of help in configuring practical management tools. This paper compares and contrasts for first time the effects of the pandemic in Europe and Latin America. This exercise has provided a valuable diagnostic for present and future heritage management.Comparative analysis of responses to COVID-19 in UNESCO Landscapes and World Heritage sites from Southern Europe and America
Aida López-Urbaneja, Sergio Escribano-Ruiz, Ainara Cortés-Avizanda, Álvaro Gutierrez Ilabaca, Juan José Aramburu Lasa, Mikel Garai Lopez, Kepa Castro Ortiz de Pinedo, Alberto García Porras, Agustin Azkarate Garai-Olaun
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, UNESCO Landscapes and World Heritage sites have faced unstable situations. Both at the sites themselves and in the research centres, universities and even the homes of the people involved, they have acted and responded to the best of their ability. In this context, the aim of the comparative analysis of different cases carried out here is to understand the main effects of the pandemic in the short term. On the one hand, the purpose is to determine what the general response trends have been and, on the other, to measure the resilience capacity in each case.

Up to eight cases studies representing different and diverse kinds of Heritage and Protected Natural sites from Southern Europe and America are compared.

In a context of uncertainty, new responses, unique opportunities and hitherto unseen weaknesses have arisen in research and management of natural and cultural heritage. In general terms, the dialogue between officials, technicians and researchers that have put together this article underlines the need to work towards a governance model that engages everyone in dialogue. Discrepancies between overlapping strategies and plans, which is the main conflict detected, should be avoided while a decentralisation of policies could be more operational. In this sense, situated knowledge may be of help in configuring practical management tools.

This paper compares and contrasts for first time the effects of the pandemic in Europe and Latin America. This exercise has provided a valuable diagnostic for present and future heritage management.

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Comparative analysis of responses to COVID-19 in UNESCO Landscapes and World Heritage sites from Southern Europe and America10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0092Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-08-09© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAida López-UrbanejaSergio Escribano-RuizAinara Cortés-AvizandaÁlvaro Gutierrez IlabacaJuan José Aramburu LasaMikel Garai LopezKepa Castro Ortiz de PinedoAlberto García PorrasAgustin Azkarate Garai-OlaunJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-0910.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0092https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0092/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Approach towards service design process for heritage preservation and sustainability of Bodo Dokhonahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0093/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this study is to understand the perception of the local weavers amongst the Bodos, a tribe of the North-east (NE) India. Towards this a concept of a service pipeline process in the field of heritage attire preservation of Bodo Dokhona was focused that would endorse the local weavers' community for its wellbeing and sustainability. The design approaches have been framed after interactions with the local weavers through a survey conducted for understanding the issues pertaining to weavers. Towards sustaining the Bodo heritage attire Dokhona, a service design pipeline for better management system was developed in three phases. Interactions with the local weavers through survey and validation for its feasibility were undertaken. This research paper focuses on publishing innovative survey research and practice related to cultural heritage management of the Bodo traditional wear Dokhona and sustainability conservation of the pipeline process. Therefore, developing both skill and knowledge for the weavers' community of the region. The design pipeline approach in this paper has been shared with the local weavers' for easy understanding of the step-by-step process of weaving a Dokhona made of eri silk. A progressive Bodo weaver will gain skill training which would lead to weavers' empowerment. Developing and documenting an innovative service design approach. In this context, an insight for women empowerment leading to preservation of Bodo heritage is valued.Approach towards service design process for heritage preservation and sustainability of Bodo Dokhona
Chaitali Brahma, Bhaskar Saha, Anirban Chowdhury
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this study is to understand the perception of the local weavers amongst the Bodos, a tribe of the North-east (NE) India. Towards this a concept of a service pipeline process in the field of heritage attire preservation of Bodo Dokhona was focused that would endorse the local weavers' community for its wellbeing and sustainability.

The design approaches have been framed after interactions with the local weavers through a survey conducted for understanding the issues pertaining to weavers. Towards sustaining the Bodo heritage attire Dokhona, a service design pipeline for better management system was developed in three phases. Interactions with the local weavers through survey and validation for its feasibility were undertaken.

This research paper focuses on publishing innovative survey research and practice related to cultural heritage management of the Bodo traditional wear Dokhona and sustainability conservation of the pipeline process. Therefore, developing both skill and knowledge for the weavers' community of the region.

The design pipeline approach in this paper has been shared with the local weavers' for easy understanding of the step-by-step process of weaving a Dokhona made of eri silk. A progressive Bodo weaver will gain skill training which would lead to weavers' empowerment.

Developing and documenting an innovative service design approach. In this context, an insight for women empowerment leading to preservation of Bodo heritage is valued.

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Approach towards service design process for heritage preservation and sustainability of Bodo Dokhona10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0093Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-02-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedChaitali BrahmaBhaskar SahaAnirban ChowdhuryJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-2810.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0093https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0093/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Assessment of stakeholders' perspectives on infill buildings in the historical settings of an eastern India state – Odishahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0094/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe infill design approach for heritage settings is a challenging task, and it draws the attention of design professionals and residents. The extant literature has advocated for a contextual design approach for new buildings in heritage sites. However, the degree of contextualism for a new building in heritage sites is subjective, and it varies between exact replication and contrast scales. This study aims to evaluate an appropriate design approach for historic precincts of Odisha, an eastern state of India. Two prime eastern heritage sites (Puri and Ekamra Kshetra) are selected as cases in this study. This research methodology involves identifying key architectural elements from both sites and a questionnaire (prepared by design experts) based on interviewing 400 residents and 36 design professionals on their aesthetic preferences for the different architectural styles and elements. The questionnaire was prepared by the design experts based on the identified architectural styles and elements of both sites. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis are used to measure the significance of design approaches and elements. This study's outcome confirms that most of the respondents (design professionals and residents) prefer the replication design approach with traditional architectural elements of Odisha. Also, documentation of the chronological development of architectural styles and elements of heritage sites of Odisha is done in this research. This study has a few limitations: first, the land use characters (mixed, residential, commercial, etc.) of buildings in the heritage precinct are not considered in this research; second, this research has not included the financial aspect of infill design and last, the impact of respondents' socioeconomic factors on their aesthetic perceptions is not considered in this research. The development authorities can use the outcomes of this research to implement a design strategy for infill buildings in the historical sites of Odisha. This research article has documented traditional architectural elements of two prime heritage sites of India. To date, no quantitative research has been done on infill design approaches in any Indian heritage precincts. This is the first quantitative research on the perception of stakeholders and users on the infill design in historical settings of Eastern India. This research has identified key architectural styles, elements and materials of the heritage sites.Assessment of stakeholders' perspectives on infill buildings in the historical settings of an eastern India state – Odisha
Rabi Narayan Mohanty, Ashaprava Mohanta
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The infill design approach for heritage settings is a challenging task, and it draws the attention of design professionals and residents. The extant literature has advocated for a contextual design approach for new buildings in heritage sites. However, the degree of contextualism for a new building in heritage sites is subjective, and it varies between exact replication and contrast scales. This study aims to evaluate an appropriate design approach for historic precincts of Odisha, an eastern state of India.

Two prime eastern heritage sites (Puri and Ekamra Kshetra) are selected as cases in this study. This research methodology involves identifying key architectural elements from both sites and a questionnaire (prepared by design experts) based on interviewing 400 residents and 36 design professionals on their aesthetic preferences for the different architectural styles and elements. The questionnaire was prepared by the design experts based on the identified architectural styles and elements of both sites. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis are used to measure the significance of design approaches and elements.

This study's outcome confirms that most of the respondents (design professionals and residents) prefer the replication design approach with traditional architectural elements of Odisha. Also, documentation of the chronological development of architectural styles and elements of heritage sites of Odisha is done in this research.

This study has a few limitations: first, the land use characters (mixed, residential, commercial, etc.) of buildings in the heritage precinct are not considered in this research; second, this research has not included the financial aspect of infill design and last, the impact of respondents' socioeconomic factors on their aesthetic perceptions is not considered in this research.

The development authorities can use the outcomes of this research to implement a design strategy for infill buildings in the historical sites of Odisha.

This research article has documented traditional architectural elements of two prime heritage sites of India.

To date, no quantitative research has been done on infill design approaches in any Indian heritage precincts. This is the first quantitative research on the perception of stakeholders and users on the infill design in historical settings of Eastern India. This research has identified key architectural styles, elements and materials of the heritage sites.

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Assessment of stakeholders' perspectives on infill buildings in the historical settings of an eastern India state – Odisha10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0094Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-08-09© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedRabi Narayan MohantyAshaprava MohantaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-0910.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0094https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0094/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Measuring “sustainable development” in vernacular settlements: a case study Behramkale, Türkiyehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0100/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe main objective of this paper is to critically assess sustainable development in the context of Behramkale, a vernacular village in Türkiye. Vernacular Heritage Sustainable Architecture analysis framework has been adopted to understand and assess vernacular architecture and sustainable development in Behramkale. The vernacular design of the old Behramkale settlement has shown more sustainable characteristics as compared to the new development area. Key findings show that trade-offs were made with respect to environmental and sociocultural aspects of sustainable development to achieve economic sustainability. Future research with more in-depth interviews would be helpful to find out the inhabitants’ response to the conservation practices. Based on the research conducted, life cycle analysis and sustainable strategies of vernacular settlements can be useful tools to design, develop and improve old settlements, as well as newly established settlements. Key lessons learned from conservation practices can help to identify well-adapted solutions to respond to the needs of local communities in Türkiye and similar vernacular settlements in the Mediterranean region. This paper critically assesses sustainable development in the context of vernacular architecture, heritage conservation and rural sustainability. Conservation practices in Türkiye are evaluated deeply as there is limited research in this field within the Mediterranean heritage conversation and sustainable development context.Measuring “sustainable development” in vernacular settlements: a case study Behramkale, Türkiye
Ebru Ergöz Karahan, Özgür Göçer, Didem Boyacıoğlu, Pranita Shrestha
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The main objective of this paper is to critically assess sustainable development in the context of Behramkale, a vernacular village in Türkiye.

Vernacular Heritage Sustainable Architecture analysis framework has been adopted to understand and assess vernacular architecture and sustainable development in Behramkale.

The vernacular design of the old Behramkale settlement has shown more sustainable characteristics as compared to the new development area. Key findings show that trade-offs were made with respect to environmental and sociocultural aspects of sustainable development to achieve economic sustainability.

Future research with more in-depth interviews would be helpful to find out the inhabitants’ response to the conservation practices.

Based on the research conducted, life cycle analysis and sustainable strategies of vernacular settlements can be useful tools to design, develop and improve old settlements, as well as newly established settlements.

Key lessons learned from conservation practices can help to identify well-adapted solutions to respond to the needs of local communities in Türkiye and similar vernacular settlements in the Mediterranean region.

This paper critically assesses sustainable development in the context of vernacular architecture, heritage conservation and rural sustainability. Conservation practices in Türkiye are evaluated deeply as there is limited research in this field within the Mediterranean heritage conversation and sustainable development context.

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Measuring “sustainable development” in vernacular settlements: a case study Behramkale, Türkiye10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0100Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-03-03© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedEbru Ergöz KarahanÖzgür GöçerDidem BoyacıoğluPranita ShresthaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-0310.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0100https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0100/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Designation of Batu Arang, Selangor as the coal mining and Geological Heritage Site: issues and challengeshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0102/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe paper explores the roles of involved organizations in the designation of Batu Arang in Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia, as the Coal Mining and Geological Heritage Site, the heritage significance selected as the elements of its designation and the challenges faced by the involved stakeholders during the designation process. The primary research material is derived from the documentation review on the final draft of the Special Area Plan (RKK) of Batu Arang and the final draft of the Geopark Management Plan, field investigation on the heritage significances and interviews with the involved organizations: the Selayang Municipal Council (MPS), the State of Selangor Malay Custom and Heritage Corporation (PADAT) and the Village Community Management Council (MPKK) of Batu Arang. This paper found that Batu Arang has the potential to be developed as an important heritage mining site and heritage tourism destination; however, many of the heritage significances are being demolished, invaded and abandoned due to human aggression or effects of nature. In addition, it reveals the roles of each involved organization, issues that occurred and challenges faced by the organizations during the designation process as a heritage site, namely in terms of management, property ownership and promotion. The paper outlines that a heritage mining site like Batu Arang should be considered an important heritage as well as other heritage sites in Malaysia, and issues and challenges faced during the designation process should be discussed critically to ensure that these heritage significances will not be neglected and abandoned.Designation of Batu Arang, Selangor as the coal mining and Geological Heritage Site: issues and challenges
Rohaslinda Ramele Ramli, Muhammad Haiqal Ali, Abdullah Anas Abu Bakar, Nadia Widyawati Madzhi
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The paper explores the roles of involved organizations in the designation of Batu Arang in Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia, as the Coal Mining and Geological Heritage Site, the heritage significance selected as the elements of its designation and the challenges faced by the involved stakeholders during the designation process.

The primary research material is derived from the documentation review on the final draft of the Special Area Plan (RKK) of Batu Arang and the final draft of the Geopark Management Plan, field investigation on the heritage significances and interviews with the involved organizations: the Selayang Municipal Council (MPS), the State of Selangor Malay Custom and Heritage Corporation (PADAT) and the Village Community Management Council (MPKK) of Batu Arang.

This paper found that Batu Arang has the potential to be developed as an important heritage mining site and heritage tourism destination; however, many of the heritage significances are being demolished, invaded and abandoned due to human aggression or effects of nature. In addition, it reveals the roles of each involved organization, issues that occurred and challenges faced by the organizations during the designation process as a heritage site, namely in terms of management, property ownership and promotion.

The paper outlines that a heritage mining site like Batu Arang should be considered an important heritage as well as other heritage sites in Malaysia, and issues and challenges faced during the designation process should be discussed critically to ensure that these heritage significances will not be neglected and abandoned.

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Designation of Batu Arang, Selangor as the coal mining and Geological Heritage Site: issues and challenges10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0102Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-12-12© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedRohaslinda Ramele RamliMuhammad Haiqal AliAbdullah Anas Abu BakarNadia Widyawati MadzhiJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-1210.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0102https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2022-0102/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Leveraging digitalization and people-centeredness: an investigation of the attractiveness of Italian museums and cultural institutionshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0072/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe evolving visitors' expectations and the unfolding digital transformation compel rethinking on the service offering of museums and cultural institutions. Although digitalization and people-centeredness are widely exploited to enhance the visiting experience, there is limited evidence of their implications on organizational attractiveness. The article investigates this issue, examining the service attributes that entice visitors. The study collected secondary data from the latest census study by the Italian Institute of Statistics on museums and cultural institutions. Two hierarchical regression models have been run on a sample of large publicly owned organizations (n = 312) to identify the service factors that were most effective in attracting Italian and foreign visitors. Museums and cultural institutions undergoing a digital transformation were more effective in attracting visitors. The delivery of virtual tours and online events captivated the Italian audience. Foreigners appreciated the opportunity to use applications augmenting the on-site visit. Digitalization and people-centeredness improve the attractiveness of museums and cultural institutions. Using digital channels to engage visitors fosters their desire to interact with cultural heritage. Furthermore, digitalization enriches the on-site visit, expanding conventional services with virtuality. However, the adverse effects on cultural heritage should be carefully handled. This study highlights the service attributes that add to the attractiveness of museums and cultural institutions, enabling them to engage visitors and improve the visiting experience.Leveraging digitalization and people-centeredness: an investigation of the attractiveness of Italian museums and cultural institutions
Rocco Palumbo
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The evolving visitors' expectations and the unfolding digital transformation compel rethinking on the service offering of museums and cultural institutions. Although digitalization and people-centeredness are widely exploited to enhance the visiting experience, there is limited evidence of their implications on organizational attractiveness. The article investigates this issue, examining the service attributes that entice visitors.

The study collected secondary data from the latest census study by the Italian Institute of Statistics on museums and cultural institutions. Two hierarchical regression models have been run on a sample of large publicly owned organizations (n = 312) to identify the service factors that were most effective in attracting Italian and foreign visitors.

Museums and cultural institutions undergoing a digital transformation were more effective in attracting visitors. The delivery of virtual tours and online events captivated the Italian audience. Foreigners appreciated the opportunity to use applications augmenting the on-site visit.

Digitalization and people-centeredness improve the attractiveness of museums and cultural institutions. Using digital channels to engage visitors fosters their desire to interact with cultural heritage. Furthermore, digitalization enriches the on-site visit, expanding conventional services with virtuality. However, the adverse effects on cultural heritage should be carefully handled.

This study highlights the service attributes that add to the attractiveness of museums and cultural institutions, enabling them to engage visitors and improve the visiting experience.

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Leveraging digitalization and people-centeredness: an investigation of the attractiveness of Italian museums and cultural institutions10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0072Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-11-13© 2023 Rocco PalumboRocco PalumboJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-1310.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0072https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0072/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Rocco Palumbohttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
UnDoing: a research-through-curation project that investigates the reuse of the built environmenthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0074/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper considers the exhibition: UnDoing. This research-through-curation project examined interactions within existing spaces and situations. This established links between the selected exhibits, the gallery, the city and with the continuum of the previous exhibition. Carefully selected architects, designers and artists were invited to contribute—those who pursued a contextual approach; whose practice explored the way buildings, places and artefacts are reused, reinterpreted and remembered. Through the act of curation, this research uncovered a series of different approaches to constructed sites and existing buildings, from layered juxtaposition, the refusal to undo, to interventions of new elements within architectural works. Curation offered the opportunity to consider works of architecture and of art through the same lens, for direct comparisons to be made and the influence of one upon the other to be comprehended. The examination processes the architect employs is similar to that of the artist; the development of an understanding of place, and from this synthesis, creative interpretation. However, despite the similarities in the starting position, the elucidation developed by the artist can be vastly different to that of the architect. The juxtaposition and new classifications created by the exhibition encouraged visitors to look at art, architecture and the city in a different way; to grasp the direct link between the different subjects; and the possibilities created. The two driving factors for UnDoing were places of previous occupation and the city of Manchester. The qualities of surrounding constructed environment combined were combined with attitudes towards existing structures and places.UnDoing: a research-through-curation project that investigates the reuse of the built environment
Sally Helen Stone, Laura Sanderson
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper considers the exhibition: UnDoing. This research-through-curation project examined interactions within existing spaces and situations. This established links between the selected exhibits, the gallery, the city and with the continuum of the previous exhibition.

Carefully selected architects, designers and artists were invited to contribute—those who pursued a contextual approach; whose practice explored the way buildings, places and artefacts are reused, reinterpreted and remembered.

Through the act of curation, this research uncovered a series of different approaches to constructed sites and existing buildings, from layered juxtaposition, the refusal to undo, to interventions of new elements within architectural works.

Curation offered the opportunity to consider works of architecture and of art through the same lens, for direct comparisons to be made and the influence of one upon the other to be comprehended.

The examination processes the architect employs is similar to that of the artist; the development of an understanding of place, and from this synthesis, creative interpretation. However, despite the similarities in the starting position, the elucidation developed by the artist can be vastly different to that of the architect.

The juxtaposition and new classifications created by the exhibition encouraged visitors to look at art, architecture and the city in a different way; to grasp the direct link between the different subjects; and the possibilities created.

The two driving factors for UnDoing were places of previous occupation and the city of Manchester. The qualities of surrounding constructed environment combined were combined with attitudes towards existing structures and places.

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UnDoing: a research-through-curation project that investigates the reuse of the built environment10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0074Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-10-30© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedSally Helen StoneLaura SandersonJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-3010.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0074https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0074/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Contribution of cultural heritage resources to the 2030 agenda SDGShttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0090/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe 2030 Agenda and the sustainable development goals (SDGs) constitute a new global roadmap for all institutions and sectors of society. Therefore, thanks to the initiative of Club of Córdoba for the Unesco (CUCO), a nonprofit association, in collaboration with the University of Cordoba, the need to create a tool for heritage management has been identified to guide personnel responsible for cultural heritage resources in the implementation of SDGs. The goal of this universal guide is to raise awareness of the importance of cultural heritage resources being aligned with the 2030 Agenda and provide the keys to apply the SDGs in the day-to-day activities of the different institutions. This publication is part of the proyect of the Junta de Andalucía “The Guide to Action on a Heritage Resource on the SDGs” (GARPODS). SDG Compass is a powerful tool for the application of the SDGs in the business field and therefore has been considered appropriate to create a guide for cultural heritage resources based on it. To this end, we have held meetings with experts in the heritage field (directors and managers of different heritage resources in the province of Córdoba) both individually and collectively. Surveys have also been carried out on different interest groups (managers, employees, suppliers, visitors) which in turn have made it possible to provide an interdisciplinary nature to the sample and the results. With the completion of this work, it has been proven that cultural heritage resource managers lack the necessary knowledge and resources to implement the SDGs in their management. Therefore, the proposed guide will be a practical tool that will allow all heritage resources to incorporate the SDGs into their management. The tool proposed in this work, although it based on the SDG Compass methodology, aims to go beyond the business sphere and adapt to heritage resources so that they can apply the SDGs in their management. This work is ongoing and the full guide will be presented in February 2024.Contribution of cultural heritage resources to the 2030 agenda SDGS
María Victoria Rosique Rodríguez, Carmen de-Prado Ruiz-Santaella, María Ángeles Jordano Barbudo
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The 2030 Agenda and the sustainable development goals (SDGs) constitute a new global roadmap for all institutions and sectors of society. Therefore, thanks to the initiative of Club of Córdoba for the Unesco (CUCO), a nonprofit association, in collaboration with the University of Cordoba, the need to create a tool for heritage management has been identified to guide personnel responsible for cultural heritage resources in the implementation of SDGs. The goal of this universal guide is to raise awareness of the importance of cultural heritage resources being aligned with the 2030 Agenda and provide the keys to apply the SDGs in the day-to-day activities of the different institutions. This publication is part of the proyect of the Junta de Andalucía “The Guide to Action on a Heritage Resource on the SDGs” (GARPODS).

SDG Compass is a powerful tool for the application of the SDGs in the business field and therefore has been considered appropriate to create a guide for cultural heritage resources based on it. To this end, we have held meetings with experts in the heritage field (directors and managers of different heritage resources in the province of Córdoba) both individually and collectively. Surveys have also been carried out on different interest groups (managers, employees, suppliers, visitors) which in turn have made it possible to provide an interdisciplinary nature to the sample and the results.

With the completion of this work, it has been proven that cultural heritage resource managers lack the necessary knowledge and resources to implement the SDGs in their management. Therefore, the proposed guide will be a practical tool that will allow all heritage resources to incorporate the SDGs into their management.

The tool proposed in this work, although it based on the SDG Compass methodology, aims to go beyond the business sphere and adapt to heritage resources so that they can apply the SDGs in their management. This work is ongoing and the full guide will be presented in February 2024.

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Contribution of cultural heritage resources to the 2030 agenda SDGS10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0090Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-02-12© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedMaría Victoria Rosique RodríguezCarmen de-Prado Ruiz-SantaellaMaría Ángeles Jordano BarbudoJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1210.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0090https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0090/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
The role of attributes defining intervention concepts in international doctrinal documents on built heritagehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0095/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestAttributes conveying cultural significance play a key role in heritage management, as well as in differentiating interventions in built heritage. However, seldom the relation between interventions and attributes, either tangible or intangible, has been researched systematically. How do both tangible and intangible attributes and interventions relate? What attributes make interventions on built heritage differ? This paper conducts a systematic content analysis of forty-one international doctrinal documents—mainly adopted by the Council of Europe, UNESCO and ICOMOS, between 1877 and 2021. The main aim is to reveal and compare the selected eight intervention concepts, namely—restoration (C1), preservation (C2), conservation (C3), adaptation (C4), rehabilitation (C5), relocation (C6), reconstruction (C7) and renewal (C8)—and their definitions, in relation to attributes, both tangible and intangible. The intensity of the relationship between intervention concepts and attributes is determined based on the frequency of the mentioned attributes per intervention. There were three key findings. First, although the attention to intangible attributes has increased in the last decades, the relationship between interventions and tangible attributes remains stronger. The highest frequency of referencing the tangible attributes was identified in “relocation” and “preservation,” while the lowest was in “rehabilitation.” Second, certain attributes play contradictory roles, e.g. “material,” “use” and “process,” which creates inconsistent definitions between documents. Third, as attributes often include one another in building layers, they trigger the intervention concepts in hierarchical patterns. This paper explores and discusses the results of a novel comparative analysis between different intervention concepts and definitions, with a particular focus on the attributes. The results can support further research and practice, clarifying the identified differences and similarities.The role of attributes defining intervention concepts in international doctrinal documents on built heritage
Mi Lin, Ivan Nevzgodin, Ana Pereira Roders, Wessel de Jonge
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Attributes conveying cultural significance play a key role in heritage management, as well as in differentiating interventions in built heritage. However, seldom the relation between interventions and attributes, either tangible or intangible, has been researched systematically. How do both tangible and intangible attributes and interventions relate? What attributes make interventions on built heritage differ?

This paper conducts a systematic content analysis of forty-one international doctrinal documents—mainly adopted by the Council of Europe, UNESCO and ICOMOS, between 1877 and 2021. The main aim is to reveal and compare the selected eight intervention concepts, namely—restoration (C1), preservation (C2), conservation (C3), adaptation (C4), rehabilitation (C5), relocation (C6), reconstruction (C7) and renewal (C8)—and their definitions, in relation to attributes, both tangible and intangible. The intensity of the relationship between intervention concepts and attributes is determined based on the frequency of the mentioned attributes per intervention.

There were three key findings. First, although the attention to intangible attributes has increased in the last decades, the relationship between interventions and tangible attributes remains stronger. The highest frequency of referencing the tangible attributes was identified in “relocation” and “preservation,” while the lowest was in “rehabilitation.” Second, certain attributes play contradictory roles, e.g. “material,” “use” and “process,” which creates inconsistent definitions between documents. Third, as attributes often include one another in building layers, they trigger the intervention concepts in hierarchical patterns.

This paper explores and discusses the results of a novel comparative analysis between different intervention concepts and definitions, with a particular focus on the attributes. The results can support further research and practice, clarifying the identified differences and similarities.

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The role of attributes defining intervention concepts in international doctrinal documents on built heritage10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0095Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-10-12© 2023 Mi Lin, Ivan Nevzgodin, Ana Pereira Roders and Wessel de JongeMi LinIvan NevzgodinAna Pereira RodersWessel de JongeJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-1210.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0095https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0095/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Mi Lin, Ivan Nevzgodin, Ana Pereira Roders and Wessel de Jongehttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Developing new forms of tourism based on intangible culture heritage and creativity in Egypthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0099/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the need to establish linkages between tourism, intangible cultural heritage and creativity in Egypt and also diversifying tourism through creativity; and to analyze and explain the impact of intangible cultural heritage on tourism experience in Egypt and the opportunities to generate added value from integrating tourism and creativity. It also suggests some practical steps for developing intangible cultural heritage-based tourism models in Egypt. The paper proposes a conceptual framework for integrating intangible cultural heritage with tourism in Egypt and its impact on tourism experience. To apply this framework, a case study was conducted focused on the tourism experience derived from intangible cultural heritage in Alexandria. The authors collected primary data by directly observing and experiencing tourism in Egypt, providing valuable firsthand experiential data. These observations offered insights into the practical aspects of intangible cultural heritage-based tourism in Egypt. In addition, secondary data sources such as academic research papers, reports and publications related to tourism and intangible cultural heritage experiences were utilized to support and complement the primary data. Findings suggest the need for a different approach in intangible heritage based tourism promotion and consumption, an approach that may differ from the conventional and typical considerations in cultural tourism planning and management. In addition, findings emphasized that tourism-based intangible heritage in Egypt can be a constructive platform and sustainable tool to promote the country’s rich culture and traditions while providing employment opportunities for the local population. This study provides an exploratory overview of integrating intangible heritage with tourism in Egypt, through exploring Egypt’s intangible heritage and proposing a framework of its inclusion, in order to create an intangible cultural heritage tourism experience. However, the proposed framework and packages should be analyzed and examined on the ground through the heritage, administrative, social and tourist aspects of the destination, to assess the viability of the study. The practical implications of this study should be addressed to the decision makers working on management action plans in tourist destinations in Egypt, such as site mangers as well as tour operators. It could contribute to adopting a new approach in developing and implementing a mutually beneficial partnership between intangible heritage and tourism in Egypt. It is the first study that presents practical steps to develop new models for linking intangible heritage to tourism in Egypt.Developing new forms of tourism based on intangible culture heritage and creativity in Egypt
Heba Saeed, Medhat Abdel Hameed Al Atrees
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the need to establish linkages between tourism, intangible cultural heritage and creativity in Egypt and also diversifying tourism through creativity; and to analyze and explain the impact of intangible cultural heritage on tourism experience in Egypt and the opportunities to generate added value from integrating tourism and creativity. It also suggests some practical steps for developing intangible cultural heritage-based tourism models in Egypt.

The paper proposes a conceptual framework for integrating intangible cultural heritage with tourism in Egypt and its impact on tourism experience. To apply this framework, a case study was conducted focused on the tourism experience derived from intangible cultural heritage in Alexandria. The authors collected primary data by directly observing and experiencing tourism in Egypt, providing valuable firsthand experiential data. These observations offered insights into the practical aspects of intangible cultural heritage-based tourism in Egypt. In addition, secondary data sources such as academic research papers, reports and publications related to tourism and intangible cultural heritage experiences were utilized to support and complement the primary data.

Findings suggest the need for a different approach in intangible heritage based tourism promotion and consumption, an approach that may differ from the conventional and typical considerations in cultural tourism planning and management. In addition, findings emphasized that tourism-based intangible heritage in Egypt can be a constructive platform and sustainable tool to promote the country’s rich culture and traditions while providing employment opportunities for the local population.

This study provides an exploratory overview of integrating intangible heritage with tourism in Egypt, through exploring Egypt’s intangible heritage and proposing a framework of its inclusion, in order to create an intangible cultural heritage tourism experience. However, the proposed framework and packages should be analyzed and examined on the ground through the heritage, administrative, social and tourist aspects of the destination, to assess the viability of the study.

The practical implications of this study should be addressed to the decision makers working on management action plans in tourist destinations in Egypt, such as site mangers as well as tour operators. It could contribute to adopting a new approach in developing and implementing a mutually beneficial partnership between intangible heritage and tourism in Egypt.

It is the first study that presents practical steps to develop new models for linking intangible heritage to tourism in Egypt.

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Developing new forms of tourism based on intangible culture heritage and creativity in Egypt10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0099Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-03-22© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedHeba SaeedMedhat Abdel Hameed Al AtreesJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2210.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0099https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-06-2023-0099/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Analysing the master plan development and urban heritage of Najaf City in Iraqhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2020-0101/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper is intended to assess the developments conducted on the master plan of Old Najaf, mainly in three areas: the Imam Ali Holy Shrine and its surroundings, the Great Market Area and the location of the Town of Visitors. In order to analyse the implementation of the transformation phases in Old Najaf, the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) technique was used to identify and organise the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats related to the examined case study of the city's historic centre. At the first stage, all available data (photographs, maps, documents and reports) were collected from different sources, including previous studies by governmental institutions, departments and agencies. Ultimately, the SWOT analysis was used for each identified phase in the morphological evolution of the historic centre. This can offer an opportunity to observe the implications of urban planning practices in Old Najaf from the mid-20th century to the present day. In order to identify the well-organised urban design practices and appropriate strategies, the implemented studies and projects were examined by the four factors of the SWOT analysis. The current results have revealed important urban transformations, already made and/or ongoing, of those aforementioned three main areas, which imply a great loss of the city's traditional character and urban heritage. Further, the environmental and socio-economic issues should be involved in the analysis to evaluate how they have influenced the current outcomes of Old Najaf in relation to the urban configuration and orientation. The rich cultural and architectural heritage of Al-Najaf historic centre is dramatically neglected and seriously threatened to be lost. Hence, conservation on both tangible and intangible levels is urgently needed. It is the first paper which focussed on this problem and tries to learn from the British Conservation Experiences in this field.Analysing the master plan development and urban heritage of Najaf City in Iraq
Sabeeh Lafta Farhan, Dhirgham Alobaydi, Daniel Anton, Zuhair Nasar
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper is intended to assess the developments conducted on the master plan of Old Najaf, mainly in three areas: the Imam Ali Holy Shrine and its surroundings, the Great Market Area and the location of the Town of Visitors.

In order to analyse the implementation of the transformation phases in Old Najaf, the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) technique was used to identify and organise the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats related to the examined case study of the city's historic centre. At the first stage, all available data (photographs, maps, documents and reports) were collected from different sources, including previous studies by governmental institutions, departments and agencies. Ultimately, the SWOT analysis was used for each identified phase in the morphological evolution of the historic centre. This can offer an opportunity to observe the implications of urban planning practices in Old Najaf from the mid-20th century to the present day. In order to identify the well-organised urban design practices and appropriate strategies, the implemented studies and projects were examined by the four factors of the SWOT analysis.

The current results have revealed important urban transformations, already made and/or ongoing, of those aforementioned three main areas, which imply a great loss of the city's traditional character and urban heritage. Further, the environmental and socio-economic issues should be involved in the analysis to evaluate how they have influenced the current outcomes of Old Najaf in relation to the urban configuration and orientation.

The rich cultural and architectural heritage of Al-Najaf historic centre is dramatically neglected and seriously threatened to be lost. Hence, conservation on both tangible and intangible levels is urgently needed. It is the first paper which focussed on this problem and tries to learn from the British Conservation Experiences in this field.

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Analysing the master plan development and urban heritage of Najaf City in Iraq10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2020-0101Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-10-06© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedSabeeh Lafta FarhanDhirgham AlobaydiDaniel AntonZuhair NasarJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-10-0610.1108/JCHMSD-07-2020-0101https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2020-0101/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Craft culture revival through a sustainable approach of integrating tourism with craft promotion: case study of Puri, Odishahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0120/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to create optimally located Facilitation Centers on this tourist circuit, evaluated through network analysis, thus creating an effective linkage between tourism and economic activities of the craftsmen who are the custodians of the cultural heritage of Puri. The craft villages lying in and around this tourist circuit are surveyed to establish socio-economic condition of artisans, significance of the craft and spatial distribution of craft villages and the willingness of artisans to travel closer to the transport spine. Network analysis is used to assess the suitability of Facilitation Center location using travel time and distance as parameters. Finally, the sustainability of the Facilitation Centers is evaluated using a cost-benefit analysis (CBA). The Facilitation Centers can be spatially developed at the strategic locations to expand tourist market. This will help in leveraging the economic benefits of tourism to a marginalized rural artisan community by creating a sustainable model. The focus on festival can help to protect local cultural traditions, develop tourism and promote the economic, social and cultural developments of the destination. Dispersal strategies adopted aim to increase visitors' satisfaction with the product and thus entice them to stay longer in the destination.Craft culture revival through a sustainable approach of integrating tourism with craft promotion: case study of Puri, Odisha
Anisa Azharunnisa, Sumana Gupta, Sudha Panda
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to create optimally located Facilitation Centers on this tourist circuit, evaluated through network analysis, thus creating an effective linkage between tourism and economic activities of the craftsmen who are the custodians of the cultural heritage of Puri.

The craft villages lying in and around this tourist circuit are surveyed to establish socio-economic condition of artisans, significance of the craft and spatial distribution of craft villages and the willingness of artisans to travel closer to the transport spine. Network analysis is used to assess the suitability of Facilitation Center location using travel time and distance as parameters. Finally, the sustainability of the Facilitation Centers is evaluated using a cost-benefit analysis (CBA).

The Facilitation Centers can be spatially developed at the strategic locations to expand tourist market. This will help in leveraging the economic benefits of tourism to a marginalized rural artisan community by creating a sustainable model.

The focus on festival can help to protect local cultural traditions, develop tourism and promote the economic, social and cultural developments of the destination. Dispersal strategies adopted aim to increase visitors' satisfaction with the product and thus entice them to stay longer in the destination.

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Craft culture revival through a sustainable approach of integrating tourism with craft promotion: case study of Puri, Odisha10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0120Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-04-08© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAnisa AzharunnisaSumana GuptaSudha PandaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-04-0810.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0120https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0120/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
World heritage designation and residential property values: the case of Old Rauma, Finlandhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0121/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of beneficial externality generated by the World Heritage List (WHL) on residential property values in order to offer new insights into heritage discourses. The study uses the hedonic price model to estimate empirically the difference in prices for residential properties located in the Old Rauma World Heritage. The study uses residential sales transaction data from the City of Rauma from January 2005 to September 2012 drawn from an online database called KVKL Hintaseurantapalvelu managed by the Central Federation of Finnish Real Estate Agencies. The research results indicate a positive, but insignificant, relationship between the property sale prices (euros/sqm) and heritage designation. However, the total sale prices are higher in Old Rauma as the properties are significantly larger in Old Rauma compared to other properties in Rauma. Studies in heritage economics have assessed the influence of the property market on heritage listing and designation at either the national level, the local level or a mix of national/local levels. This paper contributes to the literature by analysing the impact of a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) world heritage designation on residential property values. UNESCO is the leading global institution which deals with the protection of heritage sites that transcend national and local boundaries.World heritage designation and residential property values: the case of Old Rauma, Finland
Johari Hussein Nassor Amar, Tanja Tyvimaa
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of beneficial externality generated by the World Heritage List (WHL) on residential property values in order to offer new insights into heritage discourses.

The study uses the hedonic price model to estimate empirically the difference in prices for residential properties located in the Old Rauma World Heritage. The study uses residential sales transaction data from the City of Rauma from January 2005 to September 2012 drawn from an online database called KVKL Hintaseurantapalvelu managed by the Central Federation of Finnish Real Estate Agencies.

The research results indicate a positive, but insignificant, relationship between the property sale prices (euros/sqm) and heritage designation. However, the total sale prices are higher in Old Rauma as the properties are significantly larger in Old Rauma compared to other properties in Rauma.

Studies in heritage economics have assessed the influence of the property market on heritage listing and designation at either the national level, the local level or a mix of national/local levels. This paper contributes to the literature by analysing the impact of a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) world heritage designation on residential property values. UNESCO is the leading global institution which deals with the protection of heritage sites that transcend national and local boundaries.

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World heritage designation and residential property values: the case of Old Rauma, Finland10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0121Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-05-24© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedJohari Hussein Nassor AmarTanja TyvimaaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-05-2410.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0121https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0121/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Legacies of post-colonial internal migration in coastal India-the case of Udupihttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0129/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestMainstream narratives in Indian history do not delve into the checkered history of the west coast. The reasons for this are many, including a predominantly center-outwards viewpoint of historians. West coast has always been open to sea route influences aiding its diversity. However, the lack of natural defense against colonizers from the sea destroyed indigenous and personal heritage. Small town narratives include uprooting, lack of access to past heritage and new settlement creation. The heritage of this everyday landscape shaped by human grit is the subject of the study. This qualitative ethnographic study includes document analysis, transect walking, architectural built form study, open interviews and participatory observations. The motivations for heritage management can be grouped into economic, cultural and technological. From a financial point of view, the urban core studied is still relevant and sustainable. Likewise, the Krishna temple dominates the cultural discussion and architectural documentation as a religious center. However, the cultural heritage of business streets and the third motivation of building technology have been largely ignored. This disregard is evident from neglect and the pastiche use of monumental or ornamental styles alien to the region for restoration efforts. “Heritage is personal and individual as well as collective and universal” (Mire, 2016). The Pete heritage is not just crucial for the communities they house but the town as a whole. Their nonimpervious nature means that they hold collective memories for everyone. Attention to memories and monuments will increase the possibilities of shared responsibility between various stakeholders (Swenson et al., 2012). Therefore, they should be seen as a part of the larger whole. This paper argues for the recent global bottom-up approach in heritage management rather than the conventional established practices. Established heritage management focuses on the mainstream, royal or specific ethnic heritage in the Indian subcontinent. The heritage of the common person rarely has the grandeur of monumental architecture taken up for preservation by the state. As a result, societies' individual and collective heritage are at risk of rapid erasure under the pressures of modernization. Built forms are repositories of cultural information; therefore, a sustainable instrument for the preservation of everyday heritage can be created with culture as an actuator. This study looks at the narrative of the historical coastal small-town business core created by internal mass migration due to colonization.Legacies of post-colonial internal migration in coastal India-the case of Udupi
Vidya Rao, Rama Devi Nandineni
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Mainstream narratives in Indian history do not delve into the checkered history of the west coast. The reasons for this are many, including a predominantly center-outwards viewpoint of historians. West coast has always been open to sea route influences aiding its diversity. However, the lack of natural defense against colonizers from the sea destroyed indigenous and personal heritage. Small town narratives include uprooting, lack of access to past heritage and new settlement creation. The heritage of this everyday landscape shaped by human grit is the subject of the study.

This qualitative ethnographic study includes document analysis, transect walking, architectural built form study, open interviews and participatory observations.

The motivations for heritage management can be grouped into economic, cultural and technological. From a financial point of view, the urban core studied is still relevant and sustainable. Likewise, the Krishna temple dominates the cultural discussion and architectural documentation as a religious center. However, the cultural heritage of business streets and the third motivation of building technology have been largely ignored. This disregard is evident from neglect and the pastiche use of monumental or ornamental styles alien to the region for restoration efforts.

“Heritage is personal and individual as well as collective and universal” (Mire, 2016). The Pete heritage is not just crucial for the communities they house but the town as a whole. Their nonimpervious nature means that they hold collective memories for everyone. Attention to memories and monuments will increase the possibilities of shared responsibility between various stakeholders (Swenson et al., 2012). Therefore, they should be seen as a part of the larger whole.

This paper argues for the recent global bottom-up approach in heritage management rather than the conventional established practices. Established heritage management focuses on the mainstream, royal or specific ethnic heritage in the Indian subcontinent. The heritage of the common person rarely has the grandeur of monumental architecture taken up for preservation by the state. As a result, societies' individual and collective heritage are at risk of rapid erasure under the pressures of modernization. Built forms are repositories of cultural information; therefore, a sustainable instrument for the preservation of everyday heritage can be created with culture as an actuator. This study looks at the narrative of the historical coastal small-town business core created by internal mass migration due to colonization.

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Legacies of post-colonial internal migration in coastal India-the case of Udupi10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0129Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-11-14© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedVidya RaoRama Devi NandineniJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-11-1410.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0129https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2021-0129/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Engaging institutions in crowdsourcing close-range photogrammetry models of urban cultural heritagehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0107/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe need to digitise is an awareness that is shared across our community globally, and yet the probability of the intersection between resources, expertise and institutions are not as prospective. A strategic view towards the long-term goal of cultivating and digitally upskilling the younger generation, building a community and creating awareness with digital activities that can be beneficial for cultural heritage is necessary. The work involves distributing tasks between stakeholders and local volunteers. It uses close-range photogrammetry for reconstructing the entire heritage site in 3D, and outlines achievable digitisation activities in the crowdsourced, close-range photogrammetry of a 19th century Cheah Kongsi clan temple located in George Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Penang, Malaysia. The research explores whether loosely distributing photogrammetry work that partially simulates an unorganised crowdsourcing activity can generate complete models of a site that meets the criteria set by the needs of the clan temple. The data acquired were able to provide a complete visual record of the site, but the 3D models that was generated through the distributed task revealed gaps that needed further measurements. Key lessons learned in this activity is transferable. Furthermore, the involvement of volunteers can also raise awareness of ownership, identity and care for local cultural heritage. Key lessons learned in this activity is transferable. Furthermore, the involvement of volunteers can also raise awareness of identity, ownership, cultural understanding, and care for local cultural heritage. The value of semi-formal activities indicated that set goals can be achieved through crowdsourcing and that the new generation can be taught both to care for their heritage, and that the transfer of digital skills is made possible through such activities. The mass crowdsourcing activity is the first of its kind that attempts to completely digitise a cultural heritage site in 3D via distributed activities.Engaging institutions in crowdsourcing close-range photogrammetry models of urban cultural heritage
Eugene Ch'ng
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The need to digitise is an awareness that is shared across our community globally, and yet the probability of the intersection between resources, expertise and institutions are not as prospective. A strategic view towards the long-term goal of cultivating and digitally upskilling the younger generation, building a community and creating awareness with digital activities that can be beneficial for cultural heritage is necessary.

The work involves distributing tasks between stakeholders and local volunteers. It uses close-range photogrammetry for reconstructing the entire heritage site in 3D, and outlines achievable digitisation activities in the crowdsourced, close-range photogrammetry of a 19th century Cheah Kongsi clan temple located in George Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Penang, Malaysia.

The research explores whether loosely distributing photogrammetry work that partially simulates an unorganised crowdsourcing activity can generate complete models of a site that meets the criteria set by the needs of the clan temple. The data acquired were able to provide a complete visual record of the site, but the 3D models that was generated through the distributed task revealed gaps that needed further measurements.

Key lessons learned in this activity is transferable. Furthermore, the involvement of volunteers can also raise awareness of ownership, identity and care for local cultural heritage.

Key lessons learned in this activity is transferable. Furthermore, the involvement of volunteers can also raise awareness of identity, ownership, cultural understanding, and care for local cultural heritage.

The value of semi-formal activities indicated that set goals can be achieved through crowdsourcing and that the new generation can be taught both to care for their heritage, and that the transfer of digital skills is made possible through such activities. The mass crowdsourcing activity is the first of its kind that attempts to completely digitise a cultural heritage site in 3D via distributed activities.

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Engaging institutions in crowdsourcing close-range photogrammetry models of urban cultural heritage10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0107Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-10-31© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedEugene Ch'ngJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-10-3110.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0107https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0107/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Actual and virtual food heritage walking tour for building better citizenship understanding (insight from Indonesia)https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0110/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to analyze the extent to which the walking tour in virtual version appeals to the younger generation and still provides lessons about cultural acculturation that can inspire citizenship today compared to an actual walking tour. This quasi-experimental design uses pre-test and post-test with structured interviews for data collection from five purposive participants who related the experience and storytelling that they experienced from the tours. This study finds while virtual tours cannot replace physical walking tours because of real multisensory experiences, storytelling and guiding interpretation through virtual tours is more likeable than walking tours Due to some potential disturbance in the field. However, the guiding interpretation related to the message of multiculturalism still reaches tourists both through actual and virtual tours. This study has limitations regarding the number of participants. A larger number of participants may provide greater objectivity. In addition, regarding the quasi-experimental method used, it is possible to have different results if the actual walking tour precedes the virtual tour, and this can be a broad discussion space for future researchers. Practically, this walking tour is expected to be a model for civic education, especially in Indonesia, which is delivered in a fun way through a walking tour. This study offers a novelty regarding the development of a walking tour based on citizenship education, which can be seen from its impact on the younger generation when it is held virtually or actually.Actual and virtual food heritage walking tour for building better citizenship understanding (insight from Indonesia)
Ghifari Yuristiadhi Masyhari Makhasi
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to analyze the extent to which the walking tour in virtual version appeals to the younger generation and still provides lessons about cultural acculturation that can inspire citizenship today compared to an actual walking tour.

This quasi-experimental design uses pre-test and post-test with structured interviews for data collection from five purposive participants who related the experience and storytelling that they experienced from the tours.

This study finds while virtual tours cannot replace physical walking tours because of real multisensory experiences, storytelling and guiding interpretation through virtual tours is more likeable than walking tours Due to some potential disturbance in the field. However, the guiding interpretation related to the message of multiculturalism still reaches tourists both through actual and virtual tours.

This study has limitations regarding the number of participants. A larger number of participants may provide greater objectivity. In addition, regarding the quasi-experimental method used, it is possible to have different results if the actual walking tour precedes the virtual tour, and this can be a broad discussion space for future researchers.

Practically, this walking tour is expected to be a model for civic education, especially in Indonesia, which is delivered in a fun way through a walking tour.

This study offers a novelty regarding the development of a walking tour based on citizenship education, which can be seen from its impact on the younger generation when it is held virtually or actually.

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Actual and virtual food heritage walking tour for building better citizenship understanding (insight from Indonesia)10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0110Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-11-21© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedGhifari Yuristiadhi Masyhari MakhasiJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-2110.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0110https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0110/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Authentic versus staged identity – problematizing tourism interventions for authenticity and integrity in historic citieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0116/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to problematize authenticity and integrity in the context of tourist-based interventions in historic cities through a case study of skewed strategies in urban conservation programs. The paper aims to explore the paradoxes of tourists’ requisites against the heritage management imperatives. The methodology is a mix of case study and analytical study of theories, literature, and principles related to authenticity and integrity in urban conservation with a focus on tourism. In the context of historic areas, while tourism is essential for generating the economic support necessary for conserving and managing a heritage site, lopsided strategies challenge the “authenticity” and “integrity” of the place. Bringing forth the point of the authentic or curated identity, the paper argues for a framework grounded in authenticity and integrity for achieving balance in the management of historic cities. The paper brings together the subject of authenticity and integrity in the context of tourist-based strategies in historic cities. It highlights the gap in current practices, which often gets into inadvertent consequences of tourists appreciating the intervention that appear to be against the fundamentals of heritage conservation.Authentic versus staged identity – problematizing tourism interventions for authenticity and integrity in historic cities
Niyati Jigyasu
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to problematize authenticity and integrity in the context of tourist-based interventions in historic cities through a case study of skewed strategies in urban conservation programs. The paper aims to explore the paradoxes of tourists’ requisites against the heritage management imperatives.

The methodology is a mix of case study and analytical study of theories, literature, and principles related to authenticity and integrity in urban conservation with a focus on tourism.

In the context of historic areas, while tourism is essential for generating the economic support necessary for conserving and managing a heritage site, lopsided strategies challenge the “authenticity” and “integrity” of the place.

Bringing forth the point of the authentic or curated identity, the paper argues for a framework grounded in authenticity and integrity for achieving balance in the management of historic cities.

The paper brings together the subject of authenticity and integrity in the context of tourist-based strategies in historic cities. It highlights the gap in current practices, which often gets into inadvertent consequences of tourists appreciating the intervention that appear to be against the fundamentals of heritage conservation.

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Authentic versus staged identity – problematizing tourism interventions for authenticity and integrity in historic cities10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0116Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-12-14© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedNiyati JigyasuJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-1410.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0116https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0116/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
New technologies for the conservation and preservation of cultural heritage through a bibliometric analysishttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0124/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to analyze the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) on heritage conservation and preservation, and to identify relevant future research trends, by applying scientometrics. A total of 1,646 articles, published between 1985 and 2021, concerning research on the application of ML and AI in cultural heritage were collected from the Scopus database and analyzed using bibliometric methodologies. The findings of this study have shown that although there is a very important increase in academic literature in relation to AI and ML, publications that specifically deal with these issues in relation to cultural heritage and its conservation and preservation are significantly limited. This study enriches the academic outline by highlighting the limited literature in this context and therefore the need to advance the study of AI and ML as key elements that support heritage researchers and practitioners in conservation and preservation work.New technologies for the conservation and preservation of cultural heritage through a bibliometric analysis
María Belén Prados-Peña, George Pavlidis, Ana García-López
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to analyze the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) on heritage conservation and preservation, and to identify relevant future research trends, by applying scientometrics.

A total of 1,646 articles, published between 1985 and 2021, concerning research on the application of ML and AI in cultural heritage were collected from the Scopus database and analyzed using bibliometric methodologies.

The findings of this study have shown that although there is a very important increase in academic literature in relation to AI and ML, publications that specifically deal with these issues in relation to cultural heritage and its conservation and preservation are significantly limited.

This study enriches the academic outline by highlighting the limited literature in this context and therefore the need to advance the study of AI and ML as key elements that support heritage researchers and practitioners in conservation and preservation work.

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New technologies for the conservation and preservation of cultural heritage through a bibliometric analysis10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0124Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-03-23© 2023 María Belén Prados-Peña, George Pavlidis and Ana García-LópezMaría Belén Prados-PeñaGeorge PavlidisAna García-LópezJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-2310.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0124https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0124/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 María Belén Prados-Peña, George Pavlidis and Ana García-Lópezhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Ancient theatre acoustical qualities reconstruction dilemma for modern use and the international chartershttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0126/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe general attitude of the ancient theatre conservation strategies and policies is still concerned primarily with their architectural physical appearance without considering their authentic scientific acoustical qualities. The paper attempts to illustrate and discuss how to enhance their acoustic heritage to arouse the audience's interest and needs. Thus, supporting their reconstruction based on recent acoustical research and community needs-related concerns and opportunities for ancient theatre's modern use. It is based on reviewing the main issues related to reconstruction in the international charters and conventions and how to infuse ancient theatres with their full role. It discusses the dilemma and debates regarding the theatre stage wall, colonnade (portico) restoration and anastylosis. Is it sufficient enough to recover the theatre sound volume? Or to rethink for full physical reconstructions of these missing related acoustical theatre architectural elements to their original level and layout as in ancient times in parallel to their virtual reconstruction? The cultural significance of the authentic theatre's acoustical qualities needs to reform the conservation strategies and policies for a more flexible and resilient approach. It should be postulated, re-examined and advocated parallel to their 3D virtual reconstruction in the related international charters and conventions. The paper's implications are not immediate; it is far-reaching. It suggests the importance of acoustics in analysing historic theatre performance venues and reforming conservation strategies and approaches. This issue is especially critical for architects, conservators, the heritage community and the public audience. Recommendations are made for potential bold reconstruction actions that may be taken to achieve further sustainability, comfort, and permeability in modern theatre-use performances. Their physical reconstruction for improving the performance of contemporary theatre use regarding retaining the acoustic cultural significance should be more flexible and resilient in the charters.Ancient theatre acoustical qualities reconstruction dilemma for modern use and the international charters
Naif Adel Haddad
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The general attitude of the ancient theatre conservation strategies and policies is still concerned primarily with their architectural physical appearance without considering their authentic scientific acoustical qualities. The paper attempts to illustrate and discuss how to enhance their acoustic heritage to arouse the audience's interest and needs. Thus, supporting their reconstruction based on recent acoustical research and community needs-related concerns and opportunities for ancient theatre's modern use.

It is based on reviewing the main issues related to reconstruction in the international charters and conventions and how to infuse ancient theatres with their full role. It discusses the dilemma and debates regarding the theatre stage wall, colonnade (portico) restoration and anastylosis. Is it sufficient enough to recover the theatre sound volume? Or to rethink for full physical reconstructions of these missing related acoustical theatre architectural elements to their original level and layout as in ancient times in parallel to their virtual reconstruction?

The cultural significance of the authentic theatre's acoustical qualities needs to reform the conservation strategies and policies for a more flexible and resilient approach. It should be postulated, re-examined and advocated parallel to their 3D virtual reconstruction in the related international charters and conventions.

The paper's implications are not immediate; it is far-reaching. It suggests the importance of acoustics in analysing historic theatre performance venues and reforming conservation strategies and approaches. This issue is especially critical for architects, conservators, the heritage community and the public audience.

Recommendations are made for potential bold reconstruction actions that may be taken to achieve further sustainability, comfort, and permeability in modern theatre-use performances. Their physical reconstruction for improving the performance of contemporary theatre use regarding retaining the acoustic cultural significance should be more flexible and resilient in the charters.

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Ancient theatre acoustical qualities reconstruction dilemma for modern use and the international charters10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0126Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-08-24© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedNaif Adel HaddadJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-2410.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0126https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0126/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
How stakeholders collaborate? Meeting the challenges and availing the opportunities of military heritage tourismhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0127/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe goal of this study is to identify the problems of marketing military heritage as a tourism resource as well as to show how studies are linking the tourism industry with military historical sites to valorize epic wars and great tragedies as tourism development resources. In this study, evaluation of recently published research papers, articles and publications on military tourism is conducted. While most DMOs (Destination Management Organizations) and tourism organizations have been slow to acknowledge the potential benefits of military heritage tourism, the examples offered show how stakeholders can help promote military heritage tourism. The study has suggested managerial implications that will aid in the integration of stakeholder participation in the development of military heritage tourism. This paper examines the constraints and potential benefits of military heritage tourism, as well as collaboration between stakeholders and military historic sites.How stakeholders collaborate? Meeting the challenges and availing the opportunities of military heritage tourism
Prachi Mahajan, Bharti Gupta, Sarath Chandra Kanth Pedapalli
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The goal of this study is to identify the problems of marketing military heritage as a tourism resource as well as to show how studies are linking the tourism industry with military historical sites to valorize epic wars and great tragedies as tourism development resources.

In this study, evaluation of recently published research papers, articles and publications on military tourism is conducted.

While most DMOs (Destination Management Organizations) and tourism organizations have been slow to acknowledge the potential benefits of military heritage tourism, the examples offered show how stakeholders can help promote military heritage tourism.

The study has suggested managerial implications that will aid in the integration of stakeholder participation in the development of military heritage tourism.

This paper examines the constraints and potential benefits of military heritage tourism, as well as collaboration between stakeholders and military historic sites.

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How stakeholders collaborate? Meeting the challenges and availing the opportunities of military heritage tourism10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0127Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-09-14© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedPrachi MahajanBharti GuptaSarath Chandra Kanth PedapalliJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-09-1410.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0127https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0127/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The living religious heritage of displaced communities: conservation problematics and use-related challengeshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0102/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestPlaces of worship have historically been maintained using traditional building management techniques, including regular monitoring, upkeep and maintenance provided by their religious communities. This paper examines the conservation issues arising after the forced displacement of the traditional custodians, which is a significant concern in conflict-ridden environments. As a unique example of a long-term conflict, the divided Cyprus provides this research with illustrative cases to derive the data. The research employs content analysis of official documents, physical observations and interviews with conservation professionals. This research demonstrates the human and environmental factors impacting the conservation of the material fabric and the use-related challenges stemming from the intangible significance of the religious legacy belonging to displaced communities. It highlights the urgency to formulate more effective mechanisms and regulatory frameworks to address vulnerability issues promptly. Preservation problems on religious heritage buildings arising from the loss of traditional custodians after conflicts are an under-researched area in conservation literature. Drawing on research that was conducted several decades after the displacement of Cypriot communities, this paper reveals new insights into the magnitude of the conservation problems and the use-related complexities that need to be addressed to formulate mutually acceptable solutions for a sustainable future.The living religious heritage of displaced communities: conservation problematics and use-related challenges
Reyhan Sabri, Belgin Sakallı
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Places of worship have historically been maintained using traditional building management techniques, including regular monitoring, upkeep and maintenance provided by their religious communities. This paper examines the conservation issues arising after the forced displacement of the traditional custodians, which is a significant concern in conflict-ridden environments.

As a unique example of a long-term conflict, the divided Cyprus provides this research with illustrative cases to derive the data. The research employs content analysis of official documents, physical observations and interviews with conservation professionals.

This research demonstrates the human and environmental factors impacting the conservation of the material fabric and the use-related challenges stemming from the intangible significance of the religious legacy belonging to displaced communities. It highlights the urgency to formulate more effective mechanisms and regulatory frameworks to address vulnerability issues promptly.

Preservation problems on religious heritage buildings arising from the loss of traditional custodians after conflicts are an under-researched area in conservation literature. Drawing on research that was conducted several decades after the displacement of Cypriot communities, this paper reveals new insights into the magnitude of the conservation problems and the use-related complexities that need to be addressed to formulate mutually acceptable solutions for a sustainable future.

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The living religious heritage of displaced communities: conservation problematics and use-related challenges10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0102Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-02-06© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedReyhan SabriBelgin SakallıJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-0610.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0102https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0102/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
The relationship between women's empowerment and staff turnover in the Egyptian hospitality labor markethttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0107/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestAlthough the hospitality sector is considered the most active and profitable sector in the Egyptian economy, it suffers from the non-stop immigration of skilled manpower and the high rates of labor turnover. One of the apparent solutions for this problem that could be implemented is empowering Egyptian females to play an active role in the success of this sector. Females faced many obstacles while working in hospitality, including prevailing social perception, the culture of shame, the traditional negative view of feminine hoteliers, long working hours and the shift system, which led to weak females' desire to enroll in the hospitality field. The study aims to determine how empowering Egyptian women in the hospitality industry affects staff turnover. To achieve the aim of the study, a sample of four- and five-star resorts in Red Sea, Egypt, was under study. A self-administrated questionnaire was addressed to female hotel employees, and 140 forms were statistically analyzed in addition to 14 semi-structured interviews with hospitality experts. The study recommends that hotels should start re-tailoring policies to activate Egyptian females' role in reducing the high rate of hospitality labor turnover through increasing their work engagement (WENG) (as a mediator) by adopting a decent work environment and motivating them to get promoted to hold senior positions. In spite of some noteworthy contributions, the authors would like to point out certain shortcomings. The sample was homogeneous, consisting of female hotels employees in Egypt, but the findings are generalizable to other Arabian communities. Nonetheless, the authors feel that they have supplied some suggestive evidence, even for the most careful reader who wants to further study these elements of working attitudes in the hotel business. According to the authors' knowledge, this study is among the few studies covering females' reluctance to continue working in the hospitality field.The relationship between women's empowerment and staff turnover in the Egyptian hospitality labor market
Sally Fathy ElSayed, Mohamed Mohamed Salih, Noha Saad EL Shaer, Mohamed Abdel Aziz Abed
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Although the hospitality sector is considered the most active and profitable sector in the Egyptian economy, it suffers from the non-stop immigration of skilled manpower and the high rates of labor turnover. One of the apparent solutions for this problem that could be implemented is empowering Egyptian females to play an active role in the success of this sector. Females faced many obstacles while working in hospitality, including prevailing social perception, the culture of shame, the traditional negative view of feminine hoteliers, long working hours and the shift system, which led to weak females' desire to enroll in the hospitality field. The study aims to determine how empowering Egyptian women in the hospitality industry affects staff turnover.

To achieve the aim of the study, a sample of four- and five-star resorts in Red Sea, Egypt, was under study. A self-administrated questionnaire was addressed to female hotel employees, and 140 forms were statistically analyzed in addition to 14 semi-structured interviews with hospitality experts.

The study recommends that hotels should start re-tailoring policies to activate Egyptian females' role in reducing the high rate of hospitality labor turnover through increasing their work engagement (WENG) (as a mediator) by adopting a decent work environment and motivating them to get promoted to hold senior positions.

In spite of some noteworthy contributions, the authors would like to point out certain shortcomings. The sample was homogeneous, consisting of female hotels employees in Egypt, but the findings are generalizable to other Arabian communities. Nonetheless, the authors feel that they have supplied some suggestive evidence, even for the most careful reader who wants to further study these elements of working attitudes in the hotel business.

According to the authors' knowledge, this study is among the few studies covering females' reluctance to continue working in the hospitality field.

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The relationship between women's empowerment and staff turnover in the Egyptian hospitality labor market10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0107Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-01-09© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedSally Fathy ElSayedMohamed Mohamed SalihNoha Saad EL ShaerMohamed Abdel Aziz AbedJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-0910.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0107https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0107/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Evaluating Alexandria University heritage buildings: a question of preservation, awareness and managementhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0108/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestHeritage buildings are a witness to previous civilizations and constitute important elements in transmitting cultural identity through generations. In 1938, Alexandria University was established; it was called the University of Farouk at the time. In 1952, the university was named “Alexandria University,” and since then, it has witnessed growth and expansion in several fields. The research aims to preserve the heritage of this academic institution. It seeks to document this wealth of buildings that tell the story of the second-earliest university in Egypt. A mixed-method approach was employed. A descriptive method was used to narrate the history of the university and the importance of its buildings. Within the quantitative approach, a questionnaire was chosen as the survey instrument for collecting the data within the research case study. The aim was to determine the awareness of students, staff and employees of the heritage importance of their faculty. Within the qualitative approach, several interviews were conducted with employees in the engineering departments of the university administrative building at Chatby and some of the selected faculties. The aim was to determine the methods used for the conservation of these buildings. Alexandria University has a heritage value not only in its great history but also through its heritage buildings. Raising the awarness of the university's affiliates of this heritage will lead to enhance the feelings of loyalty and belongings to the university. Therefore, preserving this heritage and properly managing it is crucial. Universities have to recognize that their built heritage constitutes a unique expression that can create a distinctive sense of place. University heritage is crucial in defining and interpreting the university cultural identity. The institution must identify resources that will help build a new public image and contribute to develop a successful brand. Campus appearance is an important factor that has a significant impact on student feelings of loyalty and belonging.Evaluating Alexandria University heritage buildings: a question of preservation, awareness and management
Dina Ezz Eldin, Heba Magdy
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Heritage buildings are a witness to previous civilizations and constitute important elements in transmitting cultural identity through generations. In 1938, Alexandria University was established; it was called the University of Farouk at the time. In 1952, the university was named “Alexandria University,” and since then, it has witnessed growth and expansion in several fields. The research aims to preserve the heritage of this academic institution. It seeks to document this wealth of buildings that tell the story of the second-earliest university in Egypt.

A mixed-method approach was employed. A descriptive method was used to narrate the history of the university and the importance of its buildings. Within the quantitative approach, a questionnaire was chosen as the survey instrument for collecting the data within the research case study. The aim was to determine the awareness of students, staff and employees of the heritage importance of their faculty. Within the qualitative approach, several interviews were conducted with employees in the engineering departments of the university administrative building at Chatby and some of the selected faculties. The aim was to determine the methods used for the conservation of these buildings.

Alexandria University has a heritage value not only in its great history but also through its heritage buildings. Raising the awarness of the university's affiliates of this heritage will lead to enhance the feelings of loyalty and belongings to the university. Therefore, preserving this heritage and properly managing it is crucial.

Universities have to recognize that their built heritage constitutes a unique expression that can create a distinctive sense of place. University heritage is crucial in defining and interpreting the university cultural identity. The institution must identify resources that will help build a new public image and contribute to develop a successful brand. Campus appearance is an important factor that has a significant impact on student feelings of loyalty and belonging.

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Evaluating Alexandria University heritage buildings: a question of preservation, awareness and management10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0108Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-04-02© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedDina Ezz EldinHeba MagdyJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-04-0210.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0108https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0108/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Practice cupping therapy as a sustainable medical heritage from Andalusian and Ottoman surgery: a case study of and manuscriptshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0111/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe alternative medical practices of both Ottoman and Andalusian heritages could be shown through bloodletting and cupping therapies that have been utilized in various ancient civilizations. The current study endeavors to explore the historical implementation of bloodletting as a sustainable medical heritage by Muslim physicians in the Andalusian and Ottoman empires as a part of their surgical heritage that is documented in their manuscripts and miniatures. The primary research materials utilized in this case study are the copy of the manuscript Al-Tasrif li-man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Taʾlif in Berlin library and the copy of the manuscript Cerrahiye-I Ilhaniye of the National Library in Paris. The study applies an analytical comparative approach to examine the practice of bloodletting by two Muslim physicians as a part of reviving heritage usage. The present study investigates the heritage in both periods throughout implementation of cupping therapy by Al-Zahrawi and Sabuncuoglu, while also examining the resemblances and divergences in the techniques of bloodletting as a heritage medical treatment employed by these Muslim physicians and still used in Muslim culture and could be used in medical tourism purposes. The current study aims to investigate the understanding and implementation of heritage bloodletting and cupping therapy as a sustainable tool in surgical purposes, through an exploration of treatment methods detailed in both manuscripts. Additionally, it examines the contributions made by the two surgeons toward the development of new cups and the refinement of processes involved in bloodletting and cupping therapy. Furthermore, the study highlights the locations where cupping can be performed and differentiates between dry and wet cupping techniques, as depicted in the painted instruments documented in both manuscripts.Practice cupping therapy as a sustainable medical heritage from Andalusian and Ottoman surgery: a case study of and manuscripts
Ibrahim Elassal, Esraa Elmallwany, Ahmed Hammad
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The alternative medical practices of both Ottoman and Andalusian heritages could be shown through bloodletting and cupping therapies that have been utilized in various ancient civilizations. The current study endeavors to explore the historical implementation of bloodletting as a sustainable medical heritage by Muslim physicians in the Andalusian and Ottoman empires as a part of their surgical heritage that is documented in their manuscripts and miniatures.

The primary research materials utilized in this case study are the copy of the manuscript Al-Tasrif li-man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Taʾlif in Berlin library and the copy of the manuscript Cerrahiye-I Ilhaniye of the National Library in Paris. The study applies an analytical comparative approach to examine the practice of bloodletting by two Muslim physicians as a part of reviving heritage usage.

The present study investigates the heritage in both periods throughout implementation of cupping therapy by Al-Zahrawi and Sabuncuoglu, while also examining the resemblances and divergences in the techniques of bloodletting as a heritage medical treatment employed by these Muslim physicians and still used in Muslim culture and could be used in medical tourism purposes.

The current study aims to investigate the understanding and implementation of heritage bloodletting and cupping therapy as a sustainable tool in surgical purposes, through an exploration of treatment methods detailed in both manuscripts. Additionally, it examines the contributions made by the two surgeons toward the development of new cups and the refinement of processes involved in bloodletting and cupping therapy. Furthermore, the study highlights the locations where cupping can be performed and differentiates between dry and wet cupping techniques, as depicted in the painted instruments documented in both manuscripts.

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Practice cupping therapy as a sustainable medical heritage from Andalusian and Ottoman surgery: a case study of and manuscripts10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0111Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-01-10© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedIbrahim ElassalEsraa ElmallwanyAhmed HammadJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-1010.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0111https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0111/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Philippine heritage bridging cultural ecosystem service and nature’s contribution to people in cultural landscapes: a correlational literature reviewhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0114/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestNature’s contribution to people (NCP) is a concept that specifically recognizes the relationship of “humans and the natural environment” similarly to concepts of “cultural landscapes” and consistent to “heritage.” These concepts are essential in incorporating a diverse range of stakeholders from different scales, which is important for policy and practice. The paper aims to review the existing peer-reviewed papers in the Philippines, using meta-analysis and systematic review. We addressed the significant interlinkages that help facilitate the transition and strengthen the correlation of cultural ecosystem services (CES) and NCP in a cultural landscape setting. To distinguish and support claims for NCP from CES, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review based on the 30-existing peer-reviewed articles on the Philippine cultural ES in the lenses of “heritage” and “cultural landscape.” The results generated a few numbers of the Philippine CES studies, yet it has increased cumulatively year by year consistent with previous international studies. We found that most studies are focused on topics associated with “Indigenous People, Ancestral Domains, Protected Areas/Landscapes, and Indigenous and Local Knowledge” on the linkages concurrently distinguishing NCP to CES, and may signify stronger economic valuation in uncovering the sociocultural dimensions of these scholarships through its relational values in the lenses of cultural landscape and heritage. The authors limited the search to peer-reviewed journal articles published from online databases and did not consider Philippine University based and local publications to have a systematic review. This is to prevent underestimating the vast amount of CES literature and avoid gray literature that is not peer-reviewed; hence, being able to analyze and produce focused, yet, credible data. In a generalizing perspective, NCP 1, 6, 8, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17 and 18 have the most realized positive correlations of the reporting categories to the Philippine CES studies. The majority of the context-specific perspective NCP has strong conceptual claims in the existing Philippine CES literature through the studies’ variables aside from NCP 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 11 that are still mostly in the nature of generalizing perspective. In conclusion, our results imply that the previous and existing CES studies in the Philippines harbor more attributes presented by the NCP reporting categories. This is deemed more suitable, and may signify stronger economic valuation in uncovering the sociocultural dimensions of these scholarships through its relational values in the lenses of cultural landscape and heritage.Philippine heritage bridging cultural ecosystem service and nature’s contribution to people in cultural landscapes: a correlational literature review
Kenneth Javier Tua, Tomoko Imoto
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Nature’s contribution to people (NCP) is a concept that specifically recognizes the relationship of “humans and the natural environment” similarly to concepts of “cultural landscapes” and consistent to “heritage.” These concepts are essential in incorporating a diverse range of stakeholders from different scales, which is important for policy and practice. The paper aims to review the existing peer-reviewed papers in the Philippines, using meta-analysis and systematic review. We addressed the significant interlinkages that help facilitate the transition and strengthen the correlation of cultural ecosystem services (CES) and NCP in a cultural landscape setting.

To distinguish and support claims for NCP from CES, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review based on the 30-existing peer-reviewed articles on the Philippine cultural ES in the lenses of “heritage” and “cultural landscape.”

The results generated a few numbers of the Philippine CES studies, yet it has increased cumulatively year by year consistent with previous international studies. We found that most studies are focused on topics associated with “Indigenous People, Ancestral Domains, Protected Areas/Landscapes, and Indigenous and Local Knowledge” on the linkages concurrently distinguishing NCP to CES, and may signify stronger economic valuation in uncovering the sociocultural dimensions of these scholarships through its relational values in the lenses of cultural landscape and heritage.

The authors limited the search to peer-reviewed journal articles published from online databases and did not consider Philippine University based and local publications to have a systematic review. This is to prevent underestimating the vast amount of CES literature and avoid gray literature that is not peer-reviewed; hence, being able to analyze and produce focused, yet, credible data.

In a generalizing perspective, NCP 1, 6, 8, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17 and 18 have the most realized positive correlations of the reporting categories to the Philippine CES studies. The majority of the context-specific perspective NCP has strong conceptual claims in the existing Philippine CES literature through the studies’ variables aside from NCP 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 11 that are still mostly in the nature of generalizing perspective.

In conclusion, our results imply that the previous and existing CES studies in the Philippines harbor more attributes presented by the NCP reporting categories. This is deemed more suitable, and may signify stronger economic valuation in uncovering the sociocultural dimensions of these scholarships through its relational values in the lenses of cultural landscape and heritage.

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Philippine heritage bridging cultural ecosystem service and nature’s contribution to people in cultural landscapes: a correlational literature review10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0114Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-03-04© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedKenneth Javier TuaTomoko ImotoJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-0410.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0114https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2023-0114/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
“Lay down your heart” []: heritage as a driver for urban regeneration in the East-African stone town of Bagamoyohttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0137/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe paper aims to elaborate on the potential for regeneration of Bagamoyo (Tanzania) through adaptive reuse of its heritage sites. The town was the most important harbour for ivory and slaves of the East-African mainland during the 19th and early 20th century and the colonial capital of German East-Africa between 1885 and 1890. Today, it has 85,000 inhabitants who mainly live in informal settlements while stone town closer to the coast is largely abandoned with its historical buildings in a poor state of conservation. The first part of the paper describes the history and heritage of the old stone town Bagamoyo, and how it impacts its identity. Additionally, it summarises the critical reception of the town's role in the application to UNESCO World Heritage for “The Central Slave and Ivory Trade Route”. This, in order to consider the reuse of its heritage sites more as part of a layered regeneration process than of a singular narrative for preservation. The second part presents research-by-design proposals investigating the economic, social and cultural potentialities of three spatial layers: the main street, the coastal strip and the shoreline. The identity and therefore also urban regeneration of post-colonial towns such as Bagamoyo is the result of a complex combination of different narratives rather than of a singular one. Bagamoyo's heritage has been studied as a driver for international tourism linked to slavery but without successful implementation. This study proposes an alternative perspective by investigating its potential for urban regeneration in line with local needs. Developed in the context of a master studio of architectural design, it presents an innovative didactic approach. Moreover, the methodology of research-by-design can be inspirational for other historical towns.“Lay down your heart” []: heritage as a driver for urban regeneration in the East-African stone town of Bagamoyo
Nikolaas Vande Keere, Bie Plevoets, Peggy Winkels, Livin Mosha
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The paper aims to elaborate on the potential for regeneration of Bagamoyo (Tanzania) through adaptive reuse of its heritage sites. The town was the most important harbour for ivory and slaves of the East-African mainland during the 19th and early 20th century and the colonial capital of German East-Africa between 1885 and 1890. Today, it has 85,000 inhabitants who mainly live in informal settlements while stone town closer to the coast is largely abandoned with its historical buildings in a poor state of conservation.

The first part of the paper describes the history and heritage of the old stone town Bagamoyo, and how it impacts its identity. Additionally, it summarises the critical reception of the town's role in the application to UNESCO World Heritage for “The Central Slave and Ivory Trade Route”. This, in order to consider the reuse of its heritage sites more as part of a layered regeneration process than of a singular narrative for preservation. The second part presents research-by-design proposals investigating the economic, social and cultural potentialities of three spatial layers: the main street, the coastal strip and the shoreline.

The identity and therefore also urban regeneration of post-colonial towns such as Bagamoyo is the result of a complex combination of different narratives rather than of a singular one.

Bagamoyo's heritage has been studied as a driver for international tourism linked to slavery but without successful implementation. This study proposes an alternative perspective by investigating its potential for urban regeneration in line with local needs. Developed in the context of a master studio of architectural design, it presents an innovative didactic approach. Moreover, the methodology of research-by-design can be inspirational for other historical towns.

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“Lay down your heart” []: heritage as a driver for urban regeneration in the East-African stone town of Bagamoyo10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0137Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-05-31© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedNikolaas Vande KeereBie PlevoetsPeggy WinkelsLivin MoshaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-05-3110.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0137https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0137/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Regulation and policy-making for urban cultural heritage preservation: a comparison between Iran and Italyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0138/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDespite various comparative studies in the field of cultural heritage protection in the world, there is still a significant lack of comparative research on policies related to the legal system of countries' governance. The purpose of this study is to address the comparative policies in Iran and Italy, with a particular focus on the results of the executive experiences of two different types of policies in the cities of Oroumieh (North-West of Iran) and Turin (in North-West of Italy). Utilising the comparative, analytical, bibliographic and descriptive historical research methodology, which is based on the study of the local, national and international comprehensive review of regulations and policy-making of cultural heritage preservation policies in Iran and Italy. In this research, the related documents in three languages (Persian, Italian and English) have been examined to compare profoundly and comprehensively the policies and regulations adopted in these two countries to be able to analyze the national and transnational regulations and local policies in the cultural heritage sector. In addition to many cultural similarities and numerous commonalities, especially in the multiplicity of urban cultural heritage in historical centers, the results suggest that the legislation structure in Iran is much more centralized than in Italy. Also, the findings suggest that Italy focuses on aligning its previously centralized national legislative system in line with contemporary European heritage and preservation policies. The paper outlines how to use historical and cultural similarities through comparative study to benefit the experiences of two historical countries in urban heritage conservation and policy-making part despite their differences.Regulation and policy-making for urban cultural heritage preservation: a comparison between Iran and Italy
Omid Boodaghi, Zohreh Fanni, Asma Mehan
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Despite various comparative studies in the field of cultural heritage protection in the world, there is still a significant lack of comparative research on policies related to the legal system of countries' governance. The purpose of this study is to address the comparative policies in Iran and Italy, with a particular focus on the results of the executive experiences of two different types of policies in the cities of Oroumieh (North-West of Iran) and Turin (in North-West of Italy).

Utilising the comparative, analytical, bibliographic and descriptive historical research methodology, which is based on the study of the local, national and international comprehensive review of regulations and policy-making of cultural heritage preservation policies in Iran and Italy. In this research, the related documents in three languages (Persian, Italian and English) have been examined to compare profoundly and comprehensively the policies and regulations adopted in these two countries to be able to analyze the national and transnational regulations and local policies in the cultural heritage sector.

In addition to many cultural similarities and numerous commonalities, especially in the multiplicity of urban cultural heritage in historical centers, the results suggest that the legislation structure in Iran is much more centralized than in Italy. Also, the findings suggest that Italy focuses on aligning its previously centralized national legislative system in line with contemporary European heritage and preservation policies.

The paper outlines how to use historical and cultural similarities through comparative study to benefit the experiences of two historical countries in urban heritage conservation and policy-making part despite their differences.

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Regulation and policy-making for urban cultural heritage preservation: a comparison between Iran and Italy10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0138Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-12-12© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedOmid BoodaghiZohreh FanniAsma MehanJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-12-1210.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0138https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0138/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Prospects of negative heritage management in Syriahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0139/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper aims to illustrate some of the negative heritage created in Syria over the 11 bloody years following the start of the uprising in 2011 and how this heritage can be managed to promote justice. Different motives and methods for negative heritage management are exemplified and compared to find out the most appropriate one(s) that can be adapted and adopted in the Syrian context. Based mainly on Human Rights Watch (HRW) reports, suggestions are made for the management of three cases of negative heritage in Syria by planning measures and solutions to promote justice. The three cases are the targeting of schools and hospitals, chemical attacks and Aleppo’s River Massacre. The effectiveness of the proposals is discussed and piloted by conducting a one-on-one conversational interview in 2021, related to the first proposal, and soliciting feedback on a social media platform, related to the third proposal. Values-centred preservation based on the efforts of the community concerned with negative heritage, rather than the four existing governments in Syria, can lead to good management of recent negative heritage. The proposed virtual application of the proposals is a step that may itself be useful and may facilitate future practical application, as most of the exemplified sites are no longer accessible on the ground. Ethically productive management of the negative heritage is promoted to seek more value-oriented dimensions of the conflict. Considering a fruitful use of the conflict in Syria can encourage positive thinking and counter the passive attitude towards the prolonged conflict.Prospects of negative heritage management in Syria
Wesam Zarka, Salah Hajismail
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper aims to illustrate some of the negative heritage created in Syria over the 11 bloody years following the start of the uprising in 2011 and how this heritage can be managed to promote justice.

Different motives and methods for negative heritage management are exemplified and compared to find out the most appropriate one(s) that can be adapted and adopted in the Syrian context. Based mainly on Human Rights Watch (HRW) reports, suggestions are made for the management of three cases of negative heritage in Syria by planning measures and solutions to promote justice. The three cases are the targeting of schools and hospitals, chemical attacks and Aleppo’s River Massacre. The effectiveness of the proposals is discussed and piloted by conducting a one-on-one conversational interview in 2021, related to the first proposal, and soliciting feedback on a social media platform, related to the third proposal.

Values-centred preservation based on the efforts of the community concerned with negative heritage, rather than the four existing governments in Syria, can lead to good management of recent negative heritage. The proposed virtual application of the proposals is a step that may itself be useful and may facilitate future practical application, as most of the exemplified sites are no longer accessible on the ground.

Ethically productive management of the negative heritage is promoted to seek more value-oriented dimensions of the conflict. Considering a fruitful use of the conflict in Syria can encourage positive thinking and counter the passive attitude towards the prolonged conflict.

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Prospects of negative heritage management in Syria10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0139Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-10-07© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedWesam ZarkaSalah HajismailJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-10-0710.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0139https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0139/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
“Ibu-Ubu” boyhood initiation rites and the conservation of cultural heritage in Afikpo, southeastern Nigeriahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0142/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe study explores the nexus between Ibu-Ubu boyhood initiation and the conservation of cultural heritage in Afikpo, Southeast Nigeria. The study is motivated by the rarity of such cultural conservation through initiation rites in an age of Christian-inspired culture terrorism against Igbo traditional religion, arts and relics. The study adopted cultural anthropological research method. The boyhood initiation rite was studied through participant observation of the initiation between September and November 2017. As a cultural anthropological study, oral evidence was derived from the men who had undergone the rite. Through the oral evidence, interpretations were given to the material culture, monuments and heritage that have been conserved through Ibu-Ubu initiation rite. The study discovered that amid the deluge of Christian-motivated culture terrorism and erosion of Igbo cultural arts, relics and heritage, the people of Afikpo have preserved most of their tangible and intangible heritage through the Ibu-Ubu boyhood initiation rites. This study will assist in the reinvigoration of campaigns on environmental and heritage conservation in Igboland. It is sufficient to posit that Igboland is ridden with myriads of environmental and cultural terrorism, perpetrated by some Christian fanatics. The study reveals the relevance of the boyhood initiation rites in ensuring the preservation and conservation of Igbo cultural heritage in a century marked with fanatical Christian evangelism, culture-terrorism and destruction of both tangible and intangible heritages, which the Christians have labelled evil, barbaric and fetish.“Ibu-Ubu” boyhood initiation rites and the conservation of cultural heritage in Afikpo, southeastern Nigeria
Vitalis Nwashindu, Ambrose Onu
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The study explores the nexus between Ibu-Ubu boyhood initiation and the conservation of cultural heritage in Afikpo, Southeast Nigeria. The study is motivated by the rarity of such cultural conservation through initiation rites in an age of Christian-inspired culture terrorism against Igbo traditional religion, arts and relics.

The study adopted cultural anthropological research method. The boyhood initiation rite was studied through participant observation of the initiation between September and November 2017. As a cultural anthropological study, oral evidence was derived from the men who had undergone the rite. Through the oral evidence, interpretations were given to the material culture, monuments and heritage that have been conserved through Ibu-Ubu initiation rite.

The study discovered that amid the deluge of Christian-motivated culture terrorism and erosion of Igbo cultural arts, relics and heritage, the people of Afikpo have preserved most of their tangible and intangible heritage through the Ibu-Ubu boyhood initiation rites.

This study will assist in the reinvigoration of campaigns on environmental and heritage conservation in Igboland. It is sufficient to posit that Igboland is ridden with myriads of environmental and cultural terrorism, perpetrated by some Christian fanatics. The study reveals the relevance of the boyhood initiation rites in ensuring the preservation and conservation of Igbo cultural heritage in a century marked with fanatical Christian evangelism, culture-terrorism and destruction of both tangible and intangible heritages, which the Christians have labelled evil, barbaric and fetish.

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“Ibu-Ubu” boyhood initiation rites and the conservation of cultural heritage in Afikpo, southeastern Nigeria10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0142Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-04-27© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedVitalis NwashinduAmbrose OnuJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-04-2710.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0142https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0142/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Nightlife in historical sites: between lights and shadows (visions and challenges)https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0144/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe paper aims to describe the positive and negative effects of night lights in historical sites, as well as the most salient challenges faced by the visitors of these sites and determine ways to address them. The study aims to suggest several light-and-shadow approaches and designs to enhance the experience of visiting historical sites. This study identifies problems of nightlife in historical sites with an online international questionnaire to determine the preferences and difficulties faced by visitors of historical sites during day and night. After that Egypt was determined as a sample case of a developing country; its archaeological sites need to be improved. The main problems of historical Egyptian sites were investigated and approaches in developing historical sites with interactive lighting design were presented after an online questionnaire to the Egyptian society. The paper shows that archaeological sites need some development, especially in their technological and lighting aspects, to overcome visitors’ low night-time interest in archaeological sites. Research has found certain limitations in the effects of constructing artificial illumination. The study provides modern sustainable solution for some light challenges in historical sites with approaches and solutions to solve it. The results of that research could be applied in developing countries, but with larger specific studies to the historical urban locations according to the politics of the country. The paper includes sustainable approaches in developing historical sites with technological lighting design required to enhance historical sites at night-time and make visits more interactive and interesting. This paper presents an identified need of historical sites visitors’ to study applying modern approaches in enhancing urban historical sites.Nightlife in historical sites: between lights and shadows (visions and challenges)
Lina Nageb Fewella
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The paper aims to describe the positive and negative effects of night lights in historical sites, as well as the most salient challenges faced by the visitors of these sites and determine ways to address them. The study aims to suggest several light-and-shadow approaches and designs to enhance the experience of visiting historical sites.

This study identifies problems of nightlife in historical sites with an online international questionnaire to determine the preferences and difficulties faced by visitors of historical sites during day and night. After that Egypt was determined as a sample case of a developing country; its archaeological sites need to be improved. The main problems of historical Egyptian sites were investigated and approaches in developing historical sites with interactive lighting design were presented after an online questionnaire to the Egyptian society.

The paper shows that archaeological sites need some development, especially in their technological and lighting aspects, to overcome visitors’ low night-time interest in archaeological sites. Research has found certain limitations in the effects of constructing artificial illumination. The study provides modern sustainable solution for some light challenges in historical sites with approaches and solutions to solve it.

The results of that research could be applied in developing countries, but with larger specific studies to the historical urban locations according to the politics of the country.

The paper includes sustainable approaches in developing historical sites with technological lighting design required to enhance historical sites at night-time and make visits more interactive and interesting.

This paper presents an identified need of historical sites visitors’ to study applying modern approaches in enhancing urban historical sites.

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Nightlife in historical sites: between lights and shadows (visions and challenges)10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0144Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-04-13© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedLina Nageb FewellaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-04-1310.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0144https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0144/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Planning policies for transition from historical quarters of the global city of Yazd to urban creativity, a case study: Fahadan quarterhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0150/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe inscription of Yazd historical fabric in United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) world heritage list has provided the city with the opportunity of international competence and to achieve a global identity. Fahadan is one of the nine historical quarters and the core of formation of the Yazd city. Fahadan is one of the nine historical quarters and the core of formation of Yazd city. The article intends to provide suitable policies for converting it into a sample creative quarter in Yazd historical fabric. The article benefits from qualitative research and the strategic planning method based on a creative city approach, uses SWOT technique (a technique for finding an organization's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) for situation analysis and the Oregon model for visioning. Two categories of hard and soft factors play a role in transitioning Fahadan quarter into a creative quarter. By expanding the scope of jobs related to jewelry, and creating its supporting activities in the food and leisure sector, a creative economy can be discovered in Fahadan quarter which alongside reinforcement of unique physical features of the area, forms a creative place. Its goal will be viewed as the place where artisans pave their way for reaching a creative quarter with new management. The research presents policies to realize soft and hard factors required for creativity in the quarter, and shows step by step a small-scale pattern in the context of urban creativity planning, that can be used in historical fabrics with similar situation.Planning policies for transition from historical quarters of the global city of Yazd to urban creativity, a case study: Fahadan quarter
Fereshte Rezaeian, Najma Esmailpoor
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The inscription of Yazd historical fabric in United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) world heritage list has provided the city with the opportunity of international competence and to achieve a global identity. Fahadan is one of the nine historical quarters and the core of formation of the Yazd city. Fahadan is one of the nine historical quarters and the core of formation of Yazd city. The article intends to provide suitable policies for converting it into a sample creative quarter in Yazd historical fabric.

The article benefits from qualitative research and the strategic planning method based on a creative city approach, uses SWOT technique (a technique for finding an organization's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) for situation analysis and the Oregon model for visioning.

Two categories of hard and soft factors play a role in transitioning Fahadan quarter into a creative quarter. By expanding the scope of jobs related to jewelry, and creating its supporting activities in the food and leisure sector, a creative economy can be discovered in Fahadan quarter which alongside reinforcement of unique physical features of the area, forms a creative place. Its goal will be viewed as the place where artisans pave their way for reaching a creative quarter with new management.

The research presents policies to realize soft and hard factors required for creativity in the quarter, and shows step by step a small-scale pattern in the context of urban creativity planning, that can be used in historical fabrics with similar situation.

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Planning policies for transition from historical quarters of the global city of Yazd to urban creativity, a case study: Fahadan quarter10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0150Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-08-11© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedFereshte RezaeianNajma EsmailpoorJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-1110.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0150https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0150/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Web accessibility of Indian cultural heritage information: an analytical study of museum websiteshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0153/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper compares the web accessibility of Indian museum websites assessing the level of compliance to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.1 (WCAG 2.1). The study aims to assess the accessibility of Indian museum websites in terms of their severity. The accessibility evaluation of 11 Indian museum websites was conducted using Siteimprove Accessibility Checker (SAC), an automated website testing tool. The study results indicate that the mean conformance score for the Indian museum websites for level A was 19.27, while for level AA and AAA, it came out to be 2.63 and 4.09, respectively, with the highest severity scores for error (16.3) followed by review (5.81) criteria and warning (3.81). The major findings indicate that the websites of Indian museums poorly conform to web accessibility guidelines. The study's findings will assist the museum's website creators, managers and administrators in determining the level of conformity as per standard accessibility guidelines helping them make strategic decisions to improve the accessibility. Most of the studies available in the field of website accessibility range from the web accessibility of educational institutions, tourism websites, municipal websites and ministerial websites, but there are very few studies investigating the accessibility of museum websites. A quantitative evaluation of different aspects of accessibility was conducted in the study, which can pave the way for the better design of web sites by addressing deficiencies.Web accessibility of Indian cultural heritage information: an analytical study of museum websites
Rahul Pandey, Vinit Kumar
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper compares the web accessibility of Indian museum websites assessing the level of compliance to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.1 (WCAG 2.1). The study aims to assess the accessibility of Indian museum websites in terms of their severity.

The accessibility evaluation of 11 Indian museum websites was conducted using Siteimprove Accessibility Checker (SAC), an automated website testing tool.

The study results indicate that the mean conformance score for the Indian museum websites for level A was 19.27, while for level AA and AAA, it came out to be 2.63 and 4.09, respectively, with the highest severity scores for error (16.3) followed by review (5.81) criteria and warning (3.81). The major findings indicate that the websites of Indian museums poorly conform to web accessibility guidelines.

The study's findings will assist the museum's website creators, managers and administrators in determining the level of conformity as per standard accessibility guidelines helping them make strategic decisions to improve the accessibility.

Most of the studies available in the field of website accessibility range from the web accessibility of educational institutions, tourism websites, municipal websites and ministerial websites, but there are very few studies investigating the accessibility of museum websites. A quantitative evaluation of different aspects of accessibility was conducted in the study, which can pave the way for the better design of web sites by addressing deficiencies.

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Web accessibility of Indian cultural heritage information: an analytical study of museum websites10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0153Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-03-21© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedRahul PandeyVinit KumarJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-2110.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0153https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0153/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Toward cultural significance awareness in HIS: a data model approachhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0154/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe purpose of this paper is to address the challenging issue of developing a quantitative approach for the representation of cultural significance data in heritage information systems (HIS). The authors propose to provide experts in the field with a dedicated framework to structure and integrate targeted data about historical objects' significance in such environments. This research seeks the identification of key indicators which allow to better inform decision-makers about cultural significance. Identified concepts are formalized in a data structure through conceptual data modeling, taking advantage on unified modeling language (HIS). The design science research (DSR) method is implemented to facilitate the development of the data model. This paper proposes a practical solution for the formalization of data related to the significance of objects in HIS. The authors end up with a data model which enables multiple knowledge representations through data analysis and information retrieval. The framework proposed in this article supports a more sustainable vision of heritage preservation as the framework enhances the involvement of all stakeholders in the conservation and management of historical sites. The data model supports explicit communications of the significance of historical objects and strengthens the synergy between the stakeholders involved in different phases of the conservation process.Toward cultural significance awareness in HIS: a data model approach
Pierre Jouan, Pierre Hallot
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The purpose of this paper is to address the challenging issue of developing a quantitative approach for the representation of cultural significance data in heritage information systems (HIS). The authors propose to provide experts in the field with a dedicated framework to structure and integrate targeted data about historical objects' significance in such environments.

This research seeks the identification of key indicators which allow to better inform decision-makers about cultural significance. Identified concepts are formalized in a data structure through conceptual data modeling, taking advantage on unified modeling language (HIS). The design science research (DSR) method is implemented to facilitate the development of the data model.

This paper proposes a practical solution for the formalization of data related to the significance of objects in HIS. The authors end up with a data model which enables multiple knowledge representations through data analysis and information retrieval.

The framework proposed in this article supports a more sustainable vision of heritage preservation as the framework enhances the involvement of all stakeholders in the conservation and management of historical sites. The data model supports explicit communications of the significance of historical objects and strengthens the synergy between the stakeholders involved in different phases of the conservation process.

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Toward cultural significance awareness in HIS: a data model approach10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0154Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-04-07© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedPierre JouanPierre HallotJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-04-0710.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0154https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2021-0154/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The heritage of historic villages: an asset for the development of cultural tourism (case of the Oued Labiod valley in the Aures, Algeria)https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2022-0144/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis article aims to clarify the link between heritage and development, focussing on how this wealth can be a resource for the promotion of tourism in the villages of the Oued Labiod valley in the Aures and reduce their backwardness. The paper opted for a qualitative empirical study, through interviews and direct observations. The data were supplemented by literature searches. The collected data were then analysed to obtain results. The results show that the problem of the heritage of historic villages can no longer be reduced to the contemporary phenomenon of decay and physical mutations of traditional buildings. It is a more complex issue that encompasses major concerns requiring curious, comprehensive and constitutive solutions. Due to the particularity of the architecture and the specificity of the topography and climate of the study area, the results of the research may not be generalisable and are limited to the chosen example. The document offers advice to local actors to ensure that heritage properties are taken into consideration in all development policies and determines that the success of these projects depends on the involvement of the local population and the improvement of the legal framework. As the first study on the issue of sustainable tourism development of the cultural heritage of the Oued Labiod valley, the document proposes new ways of development that respect the historical values and authenticity of the heritage and involve the inhabitants.The heritage of historic villages: an asset for the development of cultural tourism (case of the Oued Labiod valley in the Aures, Algeria)
Sonia Mechiat, Djamel Dekoumi
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This article aims to clarify the link between heritage and development, focussing on how this wealth can be a resource for the promotion of tourism in the villages of the Oued Labiod valley in the Aures and reduce their backwardness.

The paper opted for a qualitative empirical study, through interviews and direct observations. The data were supplemented by literature searches. The collected data were then analysed to obtain results.

The results show that the problem of the heritage of historic villages can no longer be reduced to the contemporary phenomenon of decay and physical mutations of traditional buildings. It is a more complex issue that encompasses major concerns requiring curious, comprehensive and constitutive solutions.

Due to the particularity of the architecture and the specificity of the topography and climate of the study area, the results of the research may not be generalisable and are limited to the chosen example.

The document offers advice to local actors to ensure that heritage properties are taken into consideration in all development policies and determines that the success of these projects depends on the involvement of the local population and the improvement of the legal framework.

As the first study on the issue of sustainable tourism development of the cultural heritage of the Oued Labiod valley, the document proposes new ways of development that respect the historical values and authenticity of the heritage and involve the inhabitants.

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The heritage of historic villages: an asset for the development of cultural tourism (case of the Oued Labiod valley in the Aures, Algeria)10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2022-0144Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-07-13© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedSonia MechiatDjamel DekoumiJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-07-1310.1108/JCHMSD-08-2022-0144https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2022-0144/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Characterizing the local climate of large-scale archaeological parks in the tropicshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2023-0124/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to compare the local climate characteristics of Angkor Wat, Borobudur and Prambanan parks and determine effective strategies for mitigating thermal conditions that could suit Borobudur and Angkor Wat. The study employed local climate zone (LCZ) indicators and ten-year historical climate data to identify similarities and differences in local climate characteristics. Satellite imagery processing was used to create maps of LCZ indicators. Meanwhile, microclimate models were used to analyze sky view factors and wind permeability. The study found that the three tropical large-scale archaeological parks have low albedo, a medium vegetation index and high impervious surface index. However, various morphological characteristics, aerodynamic properties and differences in temple stone area and altitude enlarge the air temperature range. Based on the similarities and differences in local climate, the study formulated mitigation strategies to preserve the sustainability of ancient temples and reduce visitors' heat stress. The local climate characterization of tropical archaeological parks adds to the number of LCZs. Knowledge of the local climate characteristics of tropical archaeological parks can be the basis for improving thermal conditions.Characterizing the local climate of large-scale archaeological parks in the tropics
Floriberta Binarti, Pranowo Pranowo, Chandra Aditya, Andreas Matzarakis
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to compare the local climate characteristics of Angkor Wat, Borobudur and Prambanan parks and determine effective strategies for mitigating thermal conditions that could suit Borobudur and Angkor Wat.

The study employed local climate zone (LCZ) indicators and ten-year historical climate data to identify similarities and differences in local climate characteristics. Satellite imagery processing was used to create maps of LCZ indicators. Meanwhile, microclimate models were used to analyze sky view factors and wind permeability.

The study found that the three tropical large-scale archaeological parks have low albedo, a medium vegetation index and high impervious surface index. However, various morphological characteristics, aerodynamic properties and differences in temple stone area and altitude enlarge the air temperature range.

Based on the similarities and differences in local climate, the study formulated mitigation strategies to preserve the sustainability of ancient temples and reduce visitors' heat stress.

The local climate characterization of tropical archaeological parks adds to the number of LCZs. Knowledge of the local climate characteristics of tropical archaeological parks can be the basis for improving thermal conditions.

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Characterizing the local climate of large-scale archaeological parks in the tropics10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2023-0124Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-03-20© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedFloriberta BinartiPranowo PranowoChandra AdityaAndreas MatzarakisJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2010.1108/JCHMSD-08-2023-0124https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2023-0124/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Preventive conservation: environmentally friendly sustainable current practices in Asian librarieshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2023-0128/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to identify current practices of environmentally friendly sustainable preventive conservation in Asian libraries. This study uses a predominantly quantitative survey for data collection with a combination of open and closed questions. From 237 survey links sent, 22 responses were received from libraries in 16 Asian countries. This study uncovers current practices in four areas of environmentally sustainable preventive conservation in Asia: collection preservation, environmental monitoring and management, integrated pest management, and collections care and handling. Challenges to implementing sustainable preventive conservation were also revealed. The response rate was relatively low, and responses were not received from all countries in Asia. As such, while the study provides a starting point for further research, it cannot be assumed that the findings are representative of Asian libraries in general. In addition, some aspects of preventive conservation (for example, disaster preparedness, exhibition) and library preservation management were excluded from the study, and research on these topics, together with environmental and economic factors, is encouraged, along with qualitative research methods. This study highlights the environmentally friendly sustainable initiatives that libraries employ in their preservation programmes and increases awareness of challenges to implementing those initiatives. To date there has been little research on environmentally sustainable preventive conservation practices within Asia's libraries. This study therefore makes a valuable contribution to understanding current practices of preventive conservation in Asia.Preventive conservation: environmentally friendly sustainable current practices in Asian libraries
Yeni Budi Rachman, Wiwit Ratnasari, Shuri Mariasih Gietty Tambunan
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to identify current practices of environmentally friendly sustainable preventive conservation in Asian libraries.

This study uses a predominantly quantitative survey for data collection with a combination of open and closed questions. From 237 survey links sent, 22 responses were received from libraries in 16 Asian countries.

This study uncovers current practices in four areas of environmentally sustainable preventive conservation in Asia: collection preservation, environmental monitoring and management, integrated pest management, and collections care and handling. Challenges to implementing sustainable preventive conservation were also revealed.

The response rate was relatively low, and responses were not received from all countries in Asia. As such, while the study provides a starting point for further research, it cannot be assumed that the findings are representative of Asian libraries in general. In addition, some aspects of preventive conservation (for example, disaster preparedness, exhibition) and library preservation management were excluded from the study, and research on these topics, together with environmental and economic factors, is encouraged, along with qualitative research methods.

This study highlights the environmentally friendly sustainable initiatives that libraries employ in their preservation programmes and increases awareness of challenges to implementing those initiatives.

To date there has been little research on environmentally sustainable preventive conservation practices within Asia's libraries. This study therefore makes a valuable contribution to understanding current practices of preventive conservation in Asia.

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Preventive conservation: environmentally friendly sustainable current practices in Asian libraries10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2023-0128Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-11-28© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedYeni Budi RachmanWiwit RatnasariShuri Mariasih Gietty TambunanJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-2810.1108/JCHMSD-08-2023-0128https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2023-0128/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Methodological approach for an Atlas of architectural design in built heritage: contributions of the School of Portohttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2023-0131/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research seeks to provide methodological bases for the identification, documentation and critical reflection of good practices of architectural design in built heritage. These are applied explicitly to the School of Porto architects, which express a high sense of pedagogy and community practice in this field. The methodological approach defines the selection criteria for a georeferenced inventory and the procedures for in-depth analysis of adaptive reuse strategies. The works included in the inventory were selected according to geographical, chronological, typological, qualitative and quantitative criteria. The cases chosen for in-depth analysis have been studied along four thematic axes to dissect all the intervention processes (previous state, design/construction and final state). This approach is supported by a cross-analysis of different sources (oral, written, graphic) and using drawing as a fundamental research tool. The research has collected and disseminated up to 150 works by 44 architects, providing a comprehensive portrait of heritage intervention by the School of Porto over the past decades. The selection of 22 buildings for in-depth documentation reveals a particular sensibility toward the cultural values through a case-by-case approach based in deep knowledge of the preexisting context and the introduction of contemporary additions in continuity and harmonious relation with the environmental and sociocultural context. This work provides a novel methodology suitable for further extension and adaptation to other case studies, as a first contribution to a more comprehensive “Atlas of Architectural Design in Built Heritage” with European case studies. The research aims to introduce new and deeper perspectives on reference works that may constitute pedagogy for the future practice of architects within contextual, inclusive and sustainable approaches.Methodological approach for an Atlas of architectural design in built heritage: contributions of the School of Porto
Teresa Cunha Ferreira, David Ordóñez-Castañón, Rui Fernandes Póvoas
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research seeks to provide methodological bases for the identification, documentation and critical reflection of good practices of architectural design in built heritage. These are applied explicitly to the School of Porto architects, which express a high sense of pedagogy and community practice in this field. The methodological approach defines the selection criteria for a georeferenced inventory and the procedures for in-depth analysis of adaptive reuse strategies.

The works included in the inventory were selected according to geographical, chronological, typological, qualitative and quantitative criteria. The cases chosen for in-depth analysis have been studied along four thematic axes to dissect all the intervention processes (previous state, design/construction and final state). This approach is supported by a cross-analysis of different sources (oral, written, graphic) and using drawing as a fundamental research tool.

The research has collected and disseminated up to 150 works by 44 architects, providing a comprehensive portrait of heritage intervention by the School of Porto over the past decades. The selection of 22 buildings for in-depth documentation reveals a particular sensibility toward the cultural values through a case-by-case approach based in deep knowledge of the preexisting context and the introduction of contemporary additions in continuity and harmonious relation with the environmental and sociocultural context.

This work provides a novel methodology suitable for further extension and adaptation to other case studies, as a first contribution to a more comprehensive “Atlas of Architectural Design in Built Heritage” with European case studies. The research aims to introduce new and deeper perspectives on reference works that may constitute pedagogy for the future practice of architects within contextual, inclusive and sustainable approaches.

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Methodological approach for an Atlas of architectural design in built heritage: contributions of the School of Porto10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2023-0131Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-11-01© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedTeresa Cunha FerreiraDavid Ordóñez-CastañónRui Fernandes PóvoasJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-11-0110.1108/JCHMSD-08-2023-0131https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2023-0131/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Integrated management of heritage sites: scale development and validationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0158/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe study explores the possibility of developing a valid scale for integrated management of heritage sites to bring a holistic approach to heritage properties' conservation practices. The study followed the exploratory sequential method. An in-depth interview was adopted for exploring indicators, and a questionnaire survey was administered for descriptive analysis. Cultural resources conservation strategies have been analyzed from a tourist, local communities and stakeholder's perspective with local-specific indicators. The study indicates that a multi-dimensional approach that integrates tourists, local communities and other stakeholders-based indicators can be developed at the destination level for the integrated management of heritage properties. Tourist-centric, local community-specific and stakeholder-oriented approaches could act as catalysts for more pragmatic conservation practices in the local areas based on the site-specific indicators. The study is limited to lesser-known heritage sites located in the southern provincial states of India. The technical conservation strategies on the structure and architecture are not part of the study. Theoretical implications on the study of this kind can contribute to the literature as it throws light on future studies seeking local-centric conservation and management practices of heritage sites hitherto less explored in the domain of conservation science. The scale provides insight into the appropriate form of intervention that the local communities, tourists and other stakeholders can do at the heritage sites, hence the possibility of garnering the attention of other discipline strivings towards the conservation of heritage sites and to apply along with other relevant variables. It is expected that the study might expedite the knowledge accumulation in conservation science. The scale can be used in a similar context for the integrated management of heritage sites. The study can assist the policymakers and planners in seeking the support of stakeholders, local communities and tourists for the implementation of heritage conservation and management programs. Such a local-centric management strategy promoting responsible consumption and production could contribute to SDG 12. Further, the study can also contribute towards SDG 11.4, which calls for strengthening the effort to protect and safeguard cultural and natural heritage. This scale can be a tool for destination management organizations (DMOs) to understand the level of intervention of local communities, tourists and other stakeholders at the heritage site. The integrated management approach of heritage conservation immensely helps the lesser-known heritage sites the world over as such structures are out of the focal point of government funding and other conservation efforts. The synergy of the integrated approach could protect lesser-known unfunded heritage sites, and thereby, the cultural reflections of the community concerned can be made available for future visitors’ consumption. The study attempted to understand the conservation approaches for lesser-known heritage sites with the support of both demand and supply-side stakeholders. Such a collaborative approach is the first of this kind in the conservation of heritage sites in India.Integrated management of heritage sites: scale development and validation
A. Vinodan, S. Meera
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The study explores the possibility of developing a valid scale for integrated management of heritage sites to bring a holistic approach to heritage properties' conservation practices.

The study followed the exploratory sequential method. An in-depth interview was adopted for exploring indicators, and a questionnaire survey was administered for descriptive analysis.

Cultural resources conservation strategies have been analyzed from a tourist, local communities and stakeholder's perspective with local-specific indicators. The study indicates that a multi-dimensional approach that integrates tourists, local communities and other stakeholders-based indicators can be developed at the destination level for the integrated management of heritage properties. Tourist-centric, local community-specific and stakeholder-oriented approaches could act as catalysts for more pragmatic conservation practices in the local areas based on the site-specific indicators.

The study is limited to lesser-known heritage sites located in the southern provincial states of India. The technical conservation strategies on the structure and architecture are not part of the study. Theoretical implications on the study of this kind can contribute to the literature as it throws light on future studies seeking local-centric conservation and management practices of heritage sites hitherto less explored in the domain of conservation science. The scale provides insight into the appropriate form of intervention that the local communities, tourists and other stakeholders can do at the heritage sites, hence the possibility of garnering the attention of other discipline strivings towards the conservation of heritage sites and to apply along with other relevant variables. It is expected that the study might expedite the knowledge accumulation in conservation science.

The scale can be used in a similar context for the integrated management of heritage sites. The study can assist the policymakers and planners in seeking the support of stakeholders, local communities and tourists for the implementation of heritage conservation and management programs. Such a local-centric management strategy promoting responsible consumption and production could contribute to SDG 12. Further, the study can also contribute towards SDG 11.4, which calls for strengthening the effort to protect and safeguard cultural and natural heritage. This scale can be a tool for destination management organizations (DMOs) to understand the level of intervention of local communities, tourists and other stakeholders at the heritage site.

The integrated management approach of heritage conservation immensely helps the lesser-known heritage sites the world over as such structures are out of the focal point of government funding and other conservation efforts. The synergy of the integrated approach could protect lesser-known unfunded heritage sites, and thereby, the cultural reflections of the community concerned can be made available for future visitors’ consumption.

The study attempted to understand the conservation approaches for lesser-known heritage sites with the support of both demand and supply-side stakeholders. Such a collaborative approach is the first of this kind in the conservation of heritage sites in India.

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Integrated management of heritage sites: scale development and validation10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0158Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-03-14© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedA. VinodanS. MeeraJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-03-1410.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0158https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0158/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Local people's “sense of place” toward cultural heritage sites: correlation with demographic and socio-economic characteristicshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0162/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe paper aims at identifying the underlying factors that differentiate the local people's demographic and socio-economic characteristics, which influence their sense of place (SoP) toward different types of cultural heritage sites in different urban regions. The paper draws on the sequential explanatory design, using quantitative and qualitative methods, respectively, to investigate the research themes in-depth. A total of 201, 207 and 228 questionnaires were collected on religious, non-religious/memorial and historic commercial buildings, respectively, at two different quarters in Historic Cairo, followed by 20 semi-structured interviews with a representative sample of local people in each quarter. The authors found an apparent similarity in the significant characteristics that influence the local people's SoP levels toward the different historic buildings at the same quarter and a notable variation between both quarters. Also, many factors determine the local people's influential characteristics on their SoP toward the different cultural heritage sites (e.g. the sites’ distance from the person's residence/workplace, economic value, people's awareness about its history, type of activities and targeted gender, feeling of stability and regions' characteristics) Identifying these underlying factors and priority local groups can assist policymakers in ensuring a sustainable management/conservation of the different cultural heritage sites. The paper demonstrates the causality of a significant correlation between local people's characteristics and their SoP levels toward the different types of historic buildings, apart from their religious symbolism or historical value, using the sequential explanatory design.Local people's “sense of place” toward cultural heritage sites: correlation with demographic and socio-economic characteristics
Mohamed Nour El-Barbary, Mariko Ikeda, Yasufumi Uekita
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The paper aims at identifying the underlying factors that differentiate the local people's demographic and socio-economic characteristics, which influence their sense of place (SoP) toward different types of cultural heritage sites in different urban regions.

The paper draws on the sequential explanatory design, using quantitative and qualitative methods, respectively, to investigate the research themes in-depth. A total of 201, 207 and 228 questionnaires were collected on religious, non-religious/memorial and historic commercial buildings, respectively, at two different quarters in Historic Cairo, followed by 20 semi-structured interviews with a representative sample of local people in each quarter.

The authors found an apparent similarity in the significant characteristics that influence the local people's SoP levels toward the different historic buildings at the same quarter and a notable variation between both quarters. Also, many factors determine the local people's influential characteristics on their SoP toward the different cultural heritage sites (e.g. the sites’ distance from the person's residence/workplace, economic value, people's awareness about its history, type of activities and targeted gender, feeling of stability and regions' characteristics)

Identifying these underlying factors and priority local groups can assist policymakers in ensuring a sustainable management/conservation of the different cultural heritage sites.

The paper demonstrates the causality of a significant correlation between local people's characteristics and their SoP levels toward the different types of historic buildings, apart from their religious symbolism or historical value, using the sequential explanatory design.

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Local people's “sense of place” toward cultural heritage sites: correlation with demographic and socio-economic characteristics10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0162Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-05-13© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMohamed Nour El-BarbaryMariko IkedaYasufumi UekitaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-05-1310.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0162https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0162/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Lime in Cuenca (Ecuador): from patrimonial to matrilinealhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0168/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThrough the case of Blanca Sinchi, the following analysis presents valuation criteria that have resulted in the invisibility of social actors and cultural patrimony (cultural heritage) elements, and some contradictions in their acknowledgment process. In addition, the paper explains how architecture, among other historic assets, has made women and their contributions invisible. Bibliographic analysis and semi-structured interviews were carried out to theorize about the thermodynamic system of lime to propose a matri-lineal system category and expand the understanding of the participation of women in the receipt, management and transmission of what is called patrimony. In heritage places, such as Cuenca (Ecuador), cultural richness extends from the Historic Center to the rest of the territory and its actors. However, there are intrinsic elements, such as unknown, but fundamental, oral or family traditions associated with the role of women. The case of Blanca Sinchi and lime is evidence of this, as it shows the typical scenario affected by gender and by disparate power dynamics that do not consider desirable attributes (authenticity, integrity, identity, bequest, option, existence, among others) in the conservation of architectural patrimony. A deep redefinition process, or even a change in the valuation system, is needed. Also, the history behind built heritage items must be explored to find the contributions made by women. Proposing a matri-lineal system category to expand the understanding of the participation of women in the receipt, management and transmission of what is called patrimony, allows redefining and rewriting local and global history, acknowledging the role of women. In this way, the proposal questions not only the hegemony of the term “cultural patrimony” pigeonholed in paternal legacy but also the term “cultural heritage” as a synonym and framework that, while expanding material values, it does not effectively include, at least for Ibero-Romance language territories, the broad set of tangible and intangible values, as well as the know-how and skills of artisans.Lime in Cuenca (Ecuador): from patrimonial to matrilineal
María del Cisne Aguirre Ullauri, Christian Hernán Contreras-Escandón
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Through the case of Blanca Sinchi, the following analysis presents valuation criteria that have resulted in the invisibility of social actors and cultural patrimony (cultural heritage) elements, and some contradictions in their acknowledgment process. In addition, the paper explains how architecture, among other historic assets, has made women and their contributions invisible.

Bibliographic analysis and semi-structured interviews were carried out to theorize about the thermodynamic system of lime to propose a matri-lineal system category and expand the understanding of the participation of women in the receipt, management and transmission of what is called patrimony.

In heritage places, such as Cuenca (Ecuador), cultural richness extends from the Historic Center to the rest of the territory and its actors. However, there are intrinsic elements, such as unknown, but fundamental, oral or family traditions associated with the role of women. The case of Blanca Sinchi and lime is evidence of this, as it shows the typical scenario affected by gender and by disparate power dynamics that do not consider desirable attributes (authenticity, integrity, identity, bequest, option, existence, among others) in the conservation of architectural patrimony. A deep redefinition process, or even a change in the valuation system, is needed. Also, the history behind built heritage items must be explored to find the contributions made by women.

Proposing a matri-lineal system category to expand the understanding of the participation of women in the receipt, management and transmission of what is called patrimony, allows redefining and rewriting local and global history, acknowledging the role of women. In this way, the proposal questions not only the hegemony of the term “cultural patrimony” pigeonholed in paternal legacy but also the term “cultural heritage” as a synonym and framework that, while expanding material values, it does not effectively include, at least for Ibero-Romance language territories, the broad set of tangible and intangible values, as well as the know-how and skills of artisans.

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Lime in Cuenca (Ecuador): from patrimonial to matrilineal10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0168Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-04-14© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMaría del Cisne Aguirre UllauriChristian Hernán Contreras-EscandónJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-04-1410.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0168https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0168/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Heritage theory at work: how heritage policy in Toronto, Canada shapes a market with asymmetrical opportunities for professionals and tradespeoplehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0169/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestToronto's heritage program is reporting year over year growth in both the number of listed and designated properties and the amount of money secured for heritage projects. At the same time, it is widely recognized that heritage trade skills are in decline. The purpose of this research is to examine Toronto's heritage policy in its regulatory and economic context to understand why heritage trades are struggling while the heritage program and the market for heritage professional services flourish and to suggest solutions based on existing policy tools. This research looks at the policy documents at the federal, provincial and municipal level that determine the minimum standard for heritage conservation in Toronto. It refers to secondary research on the economic context for these regulations to understand how they are applied and why they tend to produce certain outcomes. It introduces the regulatory context set by Canada's Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Historic Places and the Ontario Heritage Act. It goes on to analyse Toronto's local policy in more detail including density bonusing programs, the Toronto Official Plan and Heritage Conservation District planning standards. Toronto's heritage policy creates asymmetrical opportunities for heritage professionals and heritage specializing tradespeople. While the work that heritage professionals do is required or strongly encouraged by policy and increases reliably with the amount of funding secured for heritage projects, heritage tradespeople do not enjoy similar advantages. Their work is not required in the same way as heritage professionals' or encouraged to the same degree, and money secured for heritage projects does not necessarily go towards work that would engage the building trades necessary to maintain heritage structures. The value of job creation in heritage trades is a mainstay of heritage economic advocacy, and there is growing interest in the value of these trades skills as a resource for sustainable building practices. There is relatively little research considering how heritage policy and theory affect career opportunities for workers with these trades skills, and none that addresses those systemic pressures in the context of municipal heritage programs in Canada.Heritage theory at work: how heritage policy in Toronto, Canada shapes a market with asymmetrical opportunities for professionals and tradespeople
Luke McElcheran, Mario Santana Quintero
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Toronto's heritage program is reporting year over year growth in both the number of listed and designated properties and the amount of money secured for heritage projects. At the same time, it is widely recognized that heritage trade skills are in decline. The purpose of this research is to examine Toronto's heritage policy in its regulatory and economic context to understand why heritage trades are struggling while the heritage program and the market for heritage professional services flourish and to suggest solutions based on existing policy tools.

This research looks at the policy documents at the federal, provincial and municipal level that determine the minimum standard for heritage conservation in Toronto. It refers to secondary research on the economic context for these regulations to understand how they are applied and why they tend to produce certain outcomes. It introduces the regulatory context set by Canada's Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Historic Places and the Ontario Heritage Act. It goes on to analyse Toronto's local policy in more detail including density bonusing programs, the Toronto Official Plan and Heritage Conservation District planning standards.

Toronto's heritage policy creates asymmetrical opportunities for heritage professionals and heritage specializing tradespeople. While the work that heritage professionals do is required or strongly encouraged by policy and increases reliably with the amount of funding secured for heritage projects, heritage tradespeople do not enjoy similar advantages. Their work is not required in the same way as heritage professionals' or encouraged to the same degree, and money secured for heritage projects does not necessarily go towards work that would engage the building trades necessary to maintain heritage structures.

The value of job creation in heritage trades is a mainstay of heritage economic advocacy, and there is growing interest in the value of these trades skills as a resource for sustainable building practices. There is relatively little research considering how heritage policy and theory affect career opportunities for workers with these trades skills, and none that addresses those systemic pressures in the context of municipal heritage programs in Canada.

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Heritage theory at work: how heritage policy in Toronto, Canada shapes a market with asymmetrical opportunities for professionals and tradespeople10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0169Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-05-10© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedLuke McElcheranMario Santana QuinteroJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-05-1010.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0169https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2021-0169/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Hybrids and heritage resources: rethinking the social foundation of historic environment records in Englandhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0154/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestBy reconsidering the concept of the historic environment, the aim of this study is to better understand how heritage is expressed by examining the networks within which the cultural performances of the historic environment take place. The goal is to move beyond a purely material expression and seek the expansion of the cultural dimension of the historic environment. Conceptually, the historic environment is considered a valuable resource for heritage expression and exploration. The databases and records that house historic environment data are venerated and frequented entities for archeologists, but arguably less so for non-specialist users. In inventorying the historic environment, databases fulfill a major role in the planning process and asset management that is often considered to be more than just perfunctory. This paper approaches historic environment records (HERs) from an actor network perspective, particularizing the social foundation and relationships within the networks governing the historic environment and the environment's associated records. The paper concludes that the performance of HERs from an actor-network perspective is a hegemonic process that is biased toward the supply and input to and from professional users. Furthermore, the paper provides a schematic for how many of the flaws in heritage transmission have come about. The relevance here is largely belied by the fact that HERs as both public digital resources and as heritage networks were awaiting to be addressed in depth from a theoretical point of view.Hybrids and heritage resources: rethinking the social foundation of historic environment records in England
William R. Illsley
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

By reconsidering the concept of the historic environment, the aim of this study is to better understand how heritage is expressed by examining the networks within which the cultural performances of the historic environment take place. The goal is to move beyond a purely material expression and seek the expansion of the cultural dimension of the historic environment.

Conceptually, the historic environment is considered a valuable resource for heritage expression and exploration. The databases and records that house historic environment data are venerated and frequented entities for archeologists, but arguably less so for non-specialist users. In inventorying the historic environment, databases fulfill a major role in the planning process and asset management that is often considered to be more than just perfunctory. This paper approaches historic environment records (HERs) from an actor network perspective, particularizing the social foundation and relationships within the networks governing the historic environment and the environment's associated records.

The paper concludes that the performance of HERs from an actor-network perspective is a hegemonic process that is biased toward the supply and input to and from professional users. Furthermore, the paper provides a schematic for how many of the flaws in heritage transmission have come about.

The relevance here is largely belied by the fact that HERs as both public digital resources and as heritage networks were awaiting to be addressed in depth from a theoretical point of view.

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Hybrids and heritage resources: rethinking the social foundation of historic environment records in England10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0154Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-06-20© 2023 William R. IllsleyWilliam R. IllsleyJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-06-2010.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0154https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0154/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 William R. Illsleyhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
The effectiveness and functioning of air cavities on architectural heritage with pathology caused by rising damphttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0160/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestRising damp affects the deterioration and conservation of architectural heritage. Air cavities built next to the base of these buildings on an unsaturated floor can reduce the damage to foundations and walls due to this. These are passive systems, which are usually designed with no objective data to show their functioning and effectiveness. This is why the authors are presenting this study. This study is presented starting with simple field equipment for representative types for a previous cataloguing of cases in Spain. The physical parameters of the air in this research are air speed and evaporation in the cavities and the base, taking the local climate and the particular formal and construction characteristics of each case study as a reference. The results of the analysis validate the method and the efficiency of such cavities, whose performance is greater in systems with a variety of features, that is to say, those which work by thermal or wind flow rather than those which only use hygric flow. This work is novel because there are not in situ experimental works which prove the functioning and effectiveness of these systems.The effectiveness and functioning of air cavities on architectural heritage with pathology caused by rising damp
M.Teresa Gil-Muñoz, Félix Lasheras-Merino
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Rising damp affects the deterioration and conservation of architectural heritage. Air cavities built next to the base of these buildings on an unsaturated floor can reduce the damage to foundations and walls due to this. These are passive systems, which are usually designed with no objective data to show their functioning and effectiveness. This is why the authors are presenting this study.

This study is presented starting with simple field equipment for representative types for a previous cataloguing of cases in Spain. The physical parameters of the air in this research are air speed and evaporation in the cavities and the base, taking the local climate and the particular formal and construction characteristics of each case study as a reference.

The results of the analysis validate the method and the efficiency of such cavities, whose performance is greater in systems with a variety of features, that is to say, those which work by thermal or wind flow rather than those which only use hygric flow.

This work is novel because there are not in situ experimental works which prove the functioning and effectiveness of these systems.

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The effectiveness and functioning of air cavities on architectural heritage with pathology caused by rising damp10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0160Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-08-10© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedM.Teresa Gil-MuñozFélix Lasheras-MerinoJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-08-1010.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0160https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0160/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The role of fantasy in architectural heritage conservation – a systematic reviewhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0168/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper has aimed to systematically review the existing literature regarding the role of fantasy in heritage conservation, establishing a research gap and investigating the different facets of fantasy that contribute to a conservation undertaking. This systematic literature review adopted the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) model with literature from the SCOPUS-indexing database. This review has indicated a lack of input from Eastern scholarship, the absence of quantitative research, the lack of discussion concerning fantasy within the architecture discipline and the lack of attention towards fantasy's role in architectural heritage conservation. A better understanding of the role of fantasy within architectural heritage studies would improve conservation practice, specifically the existing cultural significance value evaluation framework and the management of stakeholders' expectations. The present paper serves as a preliminary insight into the value of fantasy within the architecture discipline, allowing for more empirical-based research and knowledge to be added in this domain in the future.The role of fantasy in architectural heritage conservation – a systematic review
Liangjun Gooi, Camelia Kusumo, Johannes Widodo
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper has aimed to systematically review the existing literature regarding the role of fantasy in heritage conservation, establishing a research gap and investigating the different facets of fantasy that contribute to a conservation undertaking.

This systematic literature review adopted the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) model with literature from the SCOPUS-indexing database.

This review has indicated a lack of input from Eastern scholarship, the absence of quantitative research, the lack of discussion concerning fantasy within the architecture discipline and the lack of attention towards fantasy's role in architectural heritage conservation.

A better understanding of the role of fantasy within architectural heritage studies would improve conservation practice, specifically the existing cultural significance value evaluation framework and the management of stakeholders' expectations.

The present paper serves as a preliminary insight into the value of fantasy within the architecture discipline, allowing for more empirical-based research and knowledge to be added in this domain in the future.

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The role of fantasy in architectural heritage conservation – a systematic review10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0168Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-03-21© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedLiangjun GooiCamelia KusumoJohannes WidodoJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-03-2110.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0168https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2022-0168/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The significance of Lakiya Negev Bedouin heritage weave – a way of knowing Israel's cultural costumehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2023-0160/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis study aims to analyze how conventional Bedouin weaving techniques have changed through the history of Israel, offering knowledge on the craft’s cultural relevance and historical development among the Bedouin people and how their weaving and embroidery differ based on the three main geographic characteristics. It tries to comprehend the causes of the transition from organic to synthetic materials and the part played by the Lakiya Negev Bedouin Weaving women’s cooperative in maintaining this legacy. The main goal of this study is to trace the emergence of Bedouin weaving traditions in the Negev Desert using a qualitative research methodology that combines historical analysis and ethnographic investigation. A thorough grasp of the subject’s significance is provided through the data gathering, which consists of interviews, archival research and field observations. Through the years, Bedouin weaving techniques have significantly shifted away from using traditional organic materials in favor of synthetic replacements, according to the research. It emphasizes the crucial part played by the Lakiya Negev Bedouin Weaving women’s organization in safeguarding this traditional legacy and giving Bedouin women access to economic prospects. The limitation of the study includes its emphasis on the Negev region and the Israeli Bedouin community, which may not accurately reflect all Bedouin weaving techniques. Greater regional settings may be explored in future studies. The investigation emphasizes the value of investing in initiatives for cultural preservation and the empowerment of underprivileged groups through economic possibilities. By preserving ancient weaving techniques, this research enables Bedouin women in the Negev Desert to maintain their cultural identity and socioeconomic well-being. By emphasizing the socio-cultural dimensions and the organization’s role in preserving traditional craftsmanship in a changing socio-economic environment, this research presents a unique investigation of the evolution of Bedouin weaving techniques in Israel.The significance of Lakiya Negev Bedouin heritage weave – a way of knowing Israel's cultural costume
Achuthy Kottangal, Deepika Purohit
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This study aims to analyze how conventional Bedouin weaving techniques have changed through the history of Israel, offering knowledge on the craft’s cultural relevance and historical development among the Bedouin people and how their weaving and embroidery differ based on the three main geographic characteristics. It tries to comprehend the causes of the transition from organic to synthetic materials and the part played by the Lakiya Negev Bedouin Weaving women’s cooperative in maintaining this legacy.

The main goal of this study is to trace the emergence of Bedouin weaving traditions in the Negev Desert using a qualitative research methodology that combines historical analysis and ethnographic investigation. A thorough grasp of the subject’s significance is provided through the data gathering, which consists of interviews, archival research and field observations.

Through the years, Bedouin weaving techniques have significantly shifted away from using traditional organic materials in favor of synthetic replacements, according to the research. It emphasizes the crucial part played by the Lakiya Negev Bedouin Weaving women’s organization in safeguarding this traditional legacy and giving Bedouin women access to economic prospects.

The limitation of the study includes its emphasis on the Negev region and the Israeli Bedouin community, which may not accurately reflect all Bedouin weaving techniques. Greater regional settings may be explored in future studies.

The investigation emphasizes the value of investing in initiatives for cultural preservation and the empowerment of underprivileged groups through economic possibilities.

By preserving ancient weaving techniques, this research enables Bedouin women in the Negev Desert to maintain their cultural identity and socioeconomic well-being.

By emphasizing the socio-cultural dimensions and the organization’s role in preserving traditional craftsmanship in a changing socio-economic environment, this research presents a unique investigation of the evolution of Bedouin weaving techniques in Israel.

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The significance of Lakiya Negev Bedouin heritage weave – a way of knowing Israel's cultural costume10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2023-0160Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-03-26© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedAchuthy KottangalDeepika PurohitJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2610.1108/JCHMSD-09-2023-0160https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2023-0160/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Traditional Mossi housing–case studies in Baasneere (Burkina Faso)https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2020-0149/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe common language behind vernacular architecture only seems to be maintained in societies that preserve a traditional way of life. Changes in these societies can threaten their cultural heritage, while research may be a tool for its conservation and enhancement. In this paper, the habitat of a Mossi community is therefore studied as a first stage in analysing the possibilities of its maintenance. After a previous study, data collection from a stay in Baasneere (Burkina Faso) and the analysis of 32 traditional residential units were completed. The research showed some common features which, when compared against the bibliography reviewed, could be defined as characteristic of the traditional architecture of this culture. The home for a family unit consisted in an enclosure formed by the grouping of adobe constructions around a courtyard. As the family grew so did the compound, in a relationship directly linking the scales of architecture and the levels of kinship. The main daily activities took place in the courtyards while the individual interior spaces were understood as private shelters. Other typologies such as granaries, kitchens, warehouses and sheds were also analysed. Some features of Mossi architecture already described in the existing bibliography were verified in the Baasneere case studies, showing that this tradition is still preserved. With a multidisciplinary approach, the house was examined not so much from the perspective of construction, but of its cultural configuration.Traditional Mossi housing–case studies in Baasneere (Burkina Faso)
María Lidón de Miguel, Lidia García-Soriano, Camilla Mileto, Fernando Vegas López-Manzanares
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The common language behind vernacular architecture only seems to be maintained in societies that preserve a traditional way of life. Changes in these societies can threaten their cultural heritage, while research may be a tool for its conservation and enhancement. In this paper, the habitat of a Mossi community is therefore studied as a first stage in analysing the possibilities of its maintenance.

After a previous study, data collection from a stay in Baasneere (Burkina Faso) and the analysis of 32 traditional residential units were completed. The research showed some common features which, when compared against the bibliography reviewed, could be defined as characteristic of the traditional architecture of this culture.

The home for a family unit consisted in an enclosure formed by the grouping of adobe constructions around a courtyard. As the family grew so did the compound, in a relationship directly linking the scales of architecture and the levels of kinship. The main daily activities took place in the courtyards while the individual interior spaces were understood as private shelters. Other typologies such as granaries, kitchens, warehouses and sheds were also analysed.

Some features of Mossi architecture already described in the existing bibliography were verified in the Baasneere case studies, showing that this tradition is still preserved. With a multidisciplinary approach, the house was examined not so much from the perspective of construction, but of its cultural configuration.

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Traditional Mossi housing–case studies in Baasneere (Burkina Faso)10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2020-0149Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-03-17© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedMaría Lidón de MiguelLidia García-SorianoCamilla MiletoFernando Vegas López-ManzanaresJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-03-1710.1108/JCHMSD-10-2020-0149https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2020-0149/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Building passport for the sustainable conservation of built heritagehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0177/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis research presents the development of a Building Passport for Sustainable Conservation (BPSC) as a questionnaire with a set of 23 core indicators, for a baseline assessment of heritage buildings. The aim of this tool is to identify priorities for future interventions, by recognising the contributions of heritage buildings to sustainability that should be preserved and the fragilities that need to be improved. The BPSC uses a selection of core indicators for sustainability observable on heritage buildings. It was applied to four different case studies of modern heritage in the Netherlands, to verify its applicability and limitations. The results suggest that this tool has the potential to contribute to an expedite assessment, reaching consensual evaluations of priorities for sustainable conservation, while reducing the time and cost of the process, contributing to support informed redesign decisions. Recently, existing building sustainability assessment (BSA) tools have been adapted and new BSA tools developed for heritage buildings. Some tools target existing buildings, but seldom cover cultural significance and heritage values. Others target the after-redesign situations – aiming at assessing how sustainable the redesign is. Often BSA tools are complex and time-consuming, with extensive indicators and data requirements. The BPSC developed in this research covers the main aspects of sustainability and related heritage values, in a simpler tool for a baseline assessment.Building passport for the sustainable conservation of built heritage
Joana Dos Santos Gonçalves, Ricardo Mateus, José Dinis Silvestre, Ana Pereira Roders, Luís Bragança
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This research presents the development of a Building Passport for Sustainable Conservation (BPSC) as a questionnaire with a set of 23 core indicators, for a baseline assessment of heritage buildings. The aim of this tool is to identify priorities for future interventions, by recognising the contributions of heritage buildings to sustainability that should be preserved and the fragilities that need to be improved.

The BPSC uses a selection of core indicators for sustainability observable on heritage buildings. It was applied to four different case studies of modern heritage in the Netherlands, to verify its applicability and limitations.

The results suggest that this tool has the potential to contribute to an expedite assessment, reaching consensual evaluations of priorities for sustainable conservation, while reducing the time and cost of the process, contributing to support informed redesign decisions.

Recently, existing building sustainability assessment (BSA) tools have been adapted and new BSA tools developed for heritage buildings. Some tools target existing buildings, but seldom cover cultural significance and heritage values. Others target the after-redesign situations – aiming at assessing how sustainable the redesign is. Often BSA tools are complex and time-consuming, with extensive indicators and data requirements. The BPSC developed in this research covers the main aspects of sustainability and related heritage values, in a simpler tool for a baseline assessment.

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Building passport for the sustainable conservation of built heritage10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0177Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-06-22© 2022 Joana Dos Santos Gonçalves, Ricardo Mateus, José Dinis Silvestre, Ana Pereira Roders and Luís BragançaJoana Dos Santos GonçalvesRicardo MateusJosé Dinis SilvestreAna Pereira RodersLuís BragançaJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-06-2210.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0177https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0177/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Joana Dos Santos Gonçalves, Ricardo Mateus, José Dinis Silvestre, Ana Pereira Roders and Luís Bragançahttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Considering luminous ambiance and spatial configuration within the Ottoman old heritage buildings (Algerian palaces) focusing on their modern-day utilityhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0178/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe Ottoman cultural legacy in Algeria is made up of a diverse range of architectural structures. The Algerian government strategy in connection with the Ottoman old buildings is to restore them into museums. This study will attempt to present a contrastive analysis between two old palaces being under restoration (refurbishment), and the goal is to propose a museum route by calculating the ambiance aimed at circulating the rooms by visitors. The authors analyzed the architectural components of the various entities by observing in situ and taking measurements for a single case study to get a sense of the results for the mid-season (spring and fall). The configuration was next evaluated by modeling the space syntax and combining it with a simulation of daylight luminance, for the period when the authors could not make measurements on-site. The ultimate goal is to combine these findings to suggest the ideal in-route for the future museum. This research allowed the authors to propose a museum itinerary adapted to the new vocation of the palaces, which considers the daylight as an element of composition in the spaces of circulation. The paper proposes solutions to a flow management problem encountered in several similar palaces converted into museums. The study aims to raise questions on the museum, and to preserve such heritage from neglect by giving it a new life more adapted to the needs of the Algerian society. The authors believe that this contribution will be a creative solution for issues related to the operation of palaces that have been converted into museums.Considering luminous ambiance and spatial configuration within the Ottoman old heritage buildings (Algerian palaces) focusing on their modern-day utility
Selma Saraoui, Abdelghani Attar, Rahma Saraoui, Sonia Alili
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The Ottoman cultural legacy in Algeria is made up of a diverse range of architectural structures. The Algerian government strategy in connection with the Ottoman old buildings is to restore them into museums. This study will attempt to present a contrastive analysis between two old palaces being under restoration (refurbishment), and the goal is to propose a museum route by calculating the ambiance aimed at circulating the rooms by visitors.

The authors analyzed the architectural components of the various entities by observing in situ and taking measurements for a single case study to get a sense of the results for the mid-season (spring and fall). The configuration was next evaluated by modeling the space syntax and combining it with a simulation of daylight luminance, for the period when the authors could not make measurements on-site. The ultimate goal is to combine these findings to suggest the ideal in-route for the future museum.

This research allowed the authors to propose a museum itinerary adapted to the new vocation of the palaces, which considers the daylight as an element of composition in the spaces of circulation.

The paper proposes solutions to a flow management problem encountered in several similar palaces converted into museums.

The study aims to raise questions on the museum, and to preserve such heritage from neglect by giving it a new life more adapted to the needs of the Algerian society.

The authors believe that this contribution will be a creative solution for issues related to the operation of palaces that have been converted into museums.

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Considering luminous ambiance and spatial configuration within the Ottoman old heritage buildings (Algerian palaces) focusing on their modern-day utility10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0178Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-05-17© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedSelma SaraouiAbdelghani AttarRahma SaraouiSonia AliliJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-05-1710.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0178https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0178/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Interconnections and continuity among planning documents of Kota Lama Semarang development within the context of urban heritage conservationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0181/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestUrban conservation is an integral part of urban development planning and it is incorporated into land use rules and plans. In order to achieve the goals of an ideal heritage conservation policy, there are spatial plans, building codes and relevant regulations that should be well prepared as reference for development projects. Kota Lama Semarang (Old City of Semarang) area has been recognized as part of the origin of the development of Semarang City, the capital city of Central Java. This area has been designated as a cultural heritage area both at the city and national level since 2020. The Heritage City Conservation Program (P3KP) encourages Kota Lama Semarang Area to experience fairly massive development since 2013. On one hand, to control and manage the area, the Semarang City Government issued several official planning documents, i.e. (a) Kota Lama Semarang Area RTBL documents (2003); (b) Kota Lama Semarang Grand Design (2011); and (c) Kota Lama Semarang Site RTBL (2020), which consecutively were used as references of development projects. On the other hand, the results of development projects indicated that there are no coherent physical improvements in the area. The study was conducted to show whether there are consistencies or mismatches between the three planning documents. This study used a qualitative deductive method with content analysis technique to compare three planning documents, using the predetermined variables. The results showed that the consistency between the three planning documents was not fully demonstrated, but they are mutually interconnected. The research focused only on three formal planning documents, for which comparative analysis was undertaken using content analysis to identify consistencies and inconsistencies based on determined 9 variables. Good planning documents should be consistent, since they are used as development references. Inconsistencies among planning documents produced segmented urban environments in Kota Lama Semarang Area/Site, which are mostly due to the different institutions preparing the documents. The segmented urban development in the area has reduced the historical and cultural values of the area. Revitalization program that was undertaken has some implication to the sustainability of the local economy. The paper explores both the consistencies and mismatches among the three planning documents, which have been used as references in implementing development projects in Kota Lama Semarang Area. Failures in maintaining consistencies among documents are supposed to produce inconsistent physical development in the area, unless adjustment to current development has to be made.Interconnections and continuity among planning documents of Kota Lama Semarang development within the context of urban heritage conservation
Anisa Nurul Kartikasari, Bambang Hari Wibisono
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Urban conservation is an integral part of urban development planning and it is incorporated into land use rules and plans. In order to achieve the goals of an ideal heritage conservation policy, there are spatial plans, building codes and relevant regulations that should be well prepared as reference for development projects. Kota Lama Semarang (Old City of Semarang) area has been recognized as part of the origin of the development of Semarang City, the capital city of Central Java. This area has been designated as a cultural heritage area both at the city and national level since 2020. The Heritage City Conservation Program (P3KP) encourages Kota Lama Semarang Area to experience fairly massive development since 2013. On one hand, to control and manage the area, the Semarang City Government issued several official planning documents, i.e. (a) Kota Lama Semarang Area RTBL documents (2003); (b) Kota Lama Semarang Grand Design (2011); and (c) Kota Lama Semarang Site RTBL (2020), which consecutively were used as references of development projects. On the other hand, the results of development projects indicated that there are no coherent physical improvements in the area. The study was conducted to show whether there are consistencies or mismatches between the three planning documents.

This study used a qualitative deductive method with content analysis technique to compare three planning documents, using the predetermined variables.

The results showed that the consistency between the three planning documents was not fully demonstrated, but they are mutually interconnected.

The research focused only on three formal planning documents, for which comparative analysis was undertaken using content analysis to identify consistencies and inconsistencies based on determined 9 variables.

Good planning documents should be consistent, since they are used as development references. Inconsistencies among planning documents produced segmented urban environments in Kota Lama Semarang Area/Site, which are mostly due to the different institutions preparing the documents.

The segmented urban development in the area has reduced the historical and cultural values of the area. Revitalization program that was undertaken has some implication to the sustainability of the local economy.

The paper explores both the consistencies and mismatches among the three planning documents, which have been used as references in implementing development projects in Kota Lama Semarang Area. Failures in maintaining consistencies among documents are supposed to produce inconsistent physical development in the area, unless adjustment to current development has to be made.

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Interconnections and continuity among planning documents of Kota Lama Semarang development within the context of urban heritage conservation10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0181Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-09-07© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAnisa Nurul KartikasariBambang Hari WibisonoJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-0710.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0181https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0181/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
A method for detecting and monitoring changes to the Okotoks Erratic – “Big Rock” provincial historic sitehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0183/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDesigning and implementing effective strategies for managing heritage resources throughout the world has become critically important as the impacts of climate change and human-caused destruction are increasingly felt. Of particular importance is the ability to identify and track fast- and slow-moving processes associated with weathering, erosion and the movement or removal of heritage objects by natural and human agents. In this paper, the authors demonstrate how 3D laser scanning can be used to detect and monitor changes to the Okotoks Erratic “Big Rock” Provincial Historic Resource in Alberta, Canada, over a period of 7 years. Terrestrial laser scanning surveys of the Okotoks Erratic “Big Rock” Provincial Historic Resource were undertaken in 2013, 2016 and 2020. Registration was used to place the three epochs of point clouds into a unique datum for comparison using the cloud-to-cloud distance function in Cloud Compare. The movement/repositioning of rocks around the base of the erratic, the emergence of “unofficial” paths and changes to interpretive trails and fencing were all identified at the site over the time period of the study. Current conservation at the Okotoks Big Rock focus primarily on the rock art panels that are scattered over the erratic. The results of this study indicate they should be broadened so that the geological integrity of the site, which is intrinsically linked to its cultural value, can also be maintained. This is the first study the authors are aware of that utilizes terrestrial laser scanning + change detection analysis to identify and track changes to a heritage site over a period as long as 7 years.A method for detecting and monitoring changes to the Okotoks Erratic – “Big Rock” provincial historic site
Peter Dawson, Jack Brink, Alireza Farrokhi, Fengman Jia, Derek Lichti
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Designing and implementing effective strategies for managing heritage resources throughout the world has become critically important as the impacts of climate change and human-caused destruction are increasingly felt. Of particular importance is the ability to identify and track fast- and slow-moving processes associated with weathering, erosion and the movement or removal of heritage objects by natural and human agents. In this paper, the authors demonstrate how 3D laser scanning can be used to detect and monitor changes to the Okotoks Erratic “Big Rock” Provincial Historic Resource in Alberta, Canada, over a period of 7 years.

Terrestrial laser scanning surveys of the Okotoks Erratic “Big Rock” Provincial Historic Resource were undertaken in 2013, 2016 and 2020. Registration was used to place the three epochs of point clouds into a unique datum for comparison using the cloud-to-cloud distance function in Cloud Compare.

The movement/repositioning of rocks around the base of the erratic, the emergence of “unofficial” paths and changes to interpretive trails and fencing were all identified at the site over the time period of the study.

Current conservation at the Okotoks Big Rock focus primarily on the rock art panels that are scattered over the erratic. The results of this study indicate they should be broadened so that the geological integrity of the site, which is intrinsically linked to its cultural value, can also be maintained.

This is the first study the authors are aware of that utilizes terrestrial laser scanning + change detection analysis to identify and track changes to a heritage site over a period as long as 7 years.

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A method for detecting and monitoring changes to the Okotoks Erratic – “Big Rock” provincial historic site10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0183Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-08-23© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedPeter DawsonJack BrinkAlireza FarrokhiFengman JiaDerek LichtiJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-2310.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0183https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2021-0183/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Values and interventions: dynamic relationships in international doctrineshttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2022-0178/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestEven if there is a wealth of research highlighting the key role of values and cultural significance for heritage management and, defining specific interventions on built heritage, seldom the relation to their leading values and values hierarchy have been researched. How do values and interventions relate? What values trigger most and least interventions on heritage? How do these values relate and characterize interventions? And what are the values hierarchy that make the interventions on built heritage differ? This paper conducts a systematic content analysis of 69 international doctrinal documents – mainly adopted by Council of Europe, UNESCO, and ICOMOS, during 1877 and 2021. The main aim is to reveal and compare the intervention concepts and their definitions, in relation to values. The intensity of the relationship between intervention concepts and values is determined based on the frequency of mentioned values per intervention. There were three key findings. First, historic, social, and aesthetical values were the most referenced values in international doctrinal documents. Second, while intervention concepts revealed similar definitions and shared common leading values, their secondary values and values hierarchy, e.g. aesthetical or social values, are the ones influencing the variation on their definitions. Third, certain values show contradictory roles in the same intervention concepts from different documents, e.g. political and age values. This paper explores a novel comparison between different interventions concepts and definitions, and the role of values. The results can contribute to support further research and practice on clarifying the identified differences.Values and interventions: dynamic relationships in international doctrines
Mi Lin, Ana Pereira Roders, Ivan Nevzgodin, Wessel de Jonge
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Even if there is a wealth of research highlighting the key role of values and cultural significance for heritage management and, defining specific interventions on built heritage, seldom the relation to their leading values and values hierarchy have been researched. How do values and interventions relate? What values trigger most and least interventions on heritage? How do these values relate and characterize interventions? And what are the values hierarchy that make the interventions on built heritage differ?

This paper conducts a systematic content analysis of 69 international doctrinal documents – mainly adopted by Council of Europe, UNESCO, and ICOMOS, during 1877 and 2021. The main aim is to reveal and compare the intervention concepts and their definitions, in relation to values. The intensity of the relationship between intervention concepts and values is determined based on the frequency of mentioned values per intervention.

There were three key findings. First, historic, social, and aesthetical values were the most referenced values in international doctrinal documents. Second, while intervention concepts revealed similar definitions and shared common leading values, their secondary values and values hierarchy, e.g. aesthetical or social values, are the ones influencing the variation on their definitions. Third, certain values show contradictory roles in the same intervention concepts from different documents, e.g. political and age values.

This paper explores a novel comparison between different interventions concepts and definitions, and the role of values. The results can contribute to support further research and practice on clarifying the identified differences.

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Values and interventions: dynamic relationships in international doctrines10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2022-0178Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-05-09© 2023 Mi Lin, Ana Pereira Roders, Ivan Nevzgodin and Wessel de JongeMi LinAna Pereira RodersIvan NevzgodinWessel de JongeJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-05-0910.1108/JCHMSD-10-2022-0178https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2022-0178/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Mi Lin, Ana Pereira Roders, Ivan Nevzgodin and Wessel de Jongehttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Indigenous (stone) towers in remote regions: cross cultural perspective Asir region of Saudi Arabia, the Caucasus and Sichuan of Chinahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2022-0180/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe author’s interest in vernacular architecture, over the years, has attracted the author’s attention to three distinctive and similar forms of architecture in faraway regions of the globe. These are; Asir region of Saudi Arabia, The Caucasus including the republic of Georgia, Chechenia, and North Ossetia, and Sichuan region in China. Stone towers dominate the landscape of these remote regions. The similarity of these towers in these far away regions is quite remarkable. This paper will introduce these towers in their geographic, social and natural context. Although several studies have been done on these regions, it is the aim of this paper to introduce their architecture in a comparative approach to explore how these remotes corners of the globe with different historical, ethnic and cultural backgrounds developed similar architectural forms in total isolation from each other. Architecture is a physical production of different and diverse factors. Geographically, isolated regions with similar natural and social factors, mountainous landscape, tribally-based, agrarian societies, produces similar architectural forms. This paper is a clear testimony to the human nature and how people think, react and build, under similar conditions. Architecture becomes a manifestation of human oneness, unity, believes and behaviour.Indigenous (stone) towers in remote regions: cross cultural perspective Asir region of Saudi Arabia, the Caucasus and Sichuan of China
Hani M. Alqahtany, Wadee Ahmed Ghanem Al-Gehlani
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The author’s interest in vernacular architecture, over the years, has attracted the author’s attention to three distinctive and similar forms of architecture in faraway regions of the globe. These are; Asir region of Saudi Arabia, The Caucasus including the republic of Georgia, Chechenia, and North Ossetia, and Sichuan region in China. Stone towers dominate the landscape of these remote regions. The similarity of these towers in these far away regions is quite remarkable.

This paper will introduce these towers in their geographic, social and natural context. Although several studies have been done on these regions, it is the aim of this paper to introduce their architecture in a comparative approach to explore how these remotes corners of the globe with different historical, ethnic and cultural backgrounds developed similar architectural forms in total isolation from each other.

Architecture is a physical production of different and diverse factors. Geographically, isolated regions with similar natural and social factors, mountainous landscape, tribally-based, agrarian societies, produces similar architectural forms.

This paper is a clear testimony to the human nature and how people think, react and build, under similar conditions. Architecture becomes a manifestation of human oneness, unity, believes and behaviour.

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Indigenous (stone) towers in remote regions: cross cultural perspective Asir region of Saudi Arabia, the Caucasus and Sichuan of China10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2022-0180Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-02-13© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedHani M. AlqahtanyWadee Ahmed Ghanem Al-GehlaniJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-02-1310.1108/JCHMSD-10-2022-0180https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2022-0180/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Incorporating multidimensional images into cultural heritage destination: does it help to explain and analyse better?https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0192/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe present study aims to examine and explain cultural heritage destination by applying multiple dimension image model (cognitive–affective–conative aspects). A total of 233 international heritage-based tourists were surveyed on-site at some of the most prominent historical attractions in Malacca, one of the first cities in Malaysia declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The covariance-based structural equation modelling was applied to examine the hypotheses. The structural equation modelling validated that cognitive image aspects such as living culture, intangible and tangible are affected positively. The effects are statistically significant for conative and affective images. On the other hand, cognitive tangible image is an aspect that impacted affective image to a lesser degree than conative image. Whereas affective image attributes were found to have significant and positive influence on conative image. This study enriches the limited empirical research study on heritage image conceptualisation by expanding into tri-component model. The destination image has garnered a great deal of attention, particularly due to its significant and impactful influence on the decision-making and the sustainable behaviour of tourists, and it has since become the subject of many studies in the tourism and hospitality literatures. But most research concerning heritage image for destinations has considered the construct uni-dimensionally.Incorporating multidimensional images into cultural heritage destination: does it help to explain and analyse better?
Jason M.S. Lam, Zafir Khan Mohamed Makhbul, Norzalita Abd Aziz, Mohd Amirul Hafidz Ahmat
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The present study aims to examine and explain cultural heritage destination by applying multiple dimension image model (cognitive–affective–conative aspects).

A total of 233 international heritage-based tourists were surveyed on-site at some of the most prominent historical attractions in Malacca, one of the first cities in Malaysia declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The covariance-based structural equation modelling was applied to examine the hypotheses.

The structural equation modelling validated that cognitive image aspects such as living culture, intangible and tangible are affected positively. The effects are statistically significant for conative and affective images. On the other hand, cognitive tangible image is an aspect that impacted affective image to a lesser degree than conative image. Whereas affective image attributes were found to have significant and positive influence on conative image.

This study enriches the limited empirical research study on heritage image conceptualisation by expanding into tri-component model. The destination image has garnered a great deal of attention, particularly due to its significant and impactful influence on the decision-making and the sustainable behaviour of tourists, and it has since become the subject of many studies in the tourism and hospitality literatures. But most research concerning heritage image for destinations has considered the construct uni-dimensionally.

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Incorporating multidimensional images into cultural heritage destination: does it help to explain and analyse better?10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0192Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-04-26© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedJason M.S. LamZafir Khan Mohamed MakhbulNorzalita Abd AzizMohd Amirul Hafidz AhmatJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-04-2610.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0192https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0192/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Philippine landscape heritage education: review of the preparedness of landscape architecture curricula in the Philippines for cultural landscape heritage conservation specializationhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0194/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper serves as a pilot study for the education of cultural landscape heritage conservation (CLHC) and review the preparedness of landscape architecture curricula in the Philippines for the CLHC specialization. It proposes the utilization of the “Geodesign” framework in formulating a developmental process and validation of the interrelationship and collaborative activity created by the thematic areas towards landscape heritage education and professionalization. The goal of the study is to create new possibilities for the profession through the study and professionalization of cultural landscapes, thus, raising awareness and significance of cultural heritage and heritage conservation in the lenses of the Philippine landscapes. The research opted for literature reviews, comprehensive desktop reviews of the landscape architecture syllabi of higher education institutions (HEIs) and SWOT and PESTEL analyses as qualitative assessments, including stakeholder feedback discussions with the current four (4) HEIs, Philippine Association of Landscape Architects (PALA), Technical Committee for Landscape Architecture, Commission on Higher Education (TCLA CHED), Professional Regulation Commission–Board of Landscape Architecture (PRC–BOLA) and the ICOMOS IFLA International Scientific Committee on Cultural Landscapes, National Philippine Committee (Philippine NSCCL). The data were complemented by a quantitative assessment using Leopold and Lohani and Thann assessment matrix on importance (without considering magnitude), and for this study, it is the level of preparedness and integration. The paper brings forth to the conclusion that the landscape architecture curricula at the bachelor's degree level of the University of the Philippines – Diliman (UP – Diliman) in Quezon City and University of San Carlos (USC) in Cebu are prepared to integrate and/or consider updating their respective curriculum in accordance to the CLHC specialization. The curricula of Bulacan State University (BulSU) in Malolos, Bulacan, and the University of San Agustin (USA) in Iloilo may need to consider introducing courses related to the thematic areas to be able to create an area of basis for integration. The study is initiated as part of the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) Philippines Internship programme during a master degree study wherein the research is bounded within the limit of its duration. Therefore, the study was able to only identify and chose the possible thematic areas and course concentrations for the specialization of CLHC; select, review and propose courses related to CLHC; screen courses from the landscape architecture curricula of the universities based on its course title, course information (if provided) and cross–checked with Government syllabi; and allocation of units and time per identified course as well as required prerequisite from thematic areas was not covered in this study. The paper can be used as a tool to engage discussions with the PRC–BOLA in its development of the specialization of CLHC currently being planned. Study topics and themes identified can be the starting point of training programmes that can benefit students of the current four universities in the study and landscape architecture professionals alike. This will eventually translate to benefits to society as heritage conservation methodologies are developed by practitioners who can apply such knowledge to places of cultural and natural significance and develop learnings to concrete heritage laws and policies protecting landscapes. This paper serves as a pilot study for the education and professionalization of CLHC in the Philippines. Significantly, the development of CLHC specialization in the Philippines shall open various opportunities in developing Philippine cultural landscape heritage conservationists trained at the local context.Philippine landscape heritage education: review of the preparedness of landscape architecture curricula in the Philippines for cultural landscape heritage conservation specialization
Kenneth Javier Tua, Gabriel Victor Aves Caballero, Susan C. Aquino-Ong
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper serves as a pilot study for the education of cultural landscape heritage conservation (CLHC) and review the preparedness of landscape architecture curricula in the Philippines for the CLHC specialization. It proposes the utilization of the “Geodesign” framework in formulating a developmental process and validation of the interrelationship and collaborative activity created by the thematic areas towards landscape heritage education and professionalization. The goal of the study is to create new possibilities for the profession through the study and professionalization of cultural landscapes, thus, raising awareness and significance of cultural heritage and heritage conservation in the lenses of the Philippine landscapes.

The research opted for literature reviews, comprehensive desktop reviews of the landscape architecture syllabi of higher education institutions (HEIs) and SWOT and PESTEL analyses as qualitative assessments, including stakeholder feedback discussions with the current four (4) HEIs, Philippine Association of Landscape Architects (PALA), Technical Committee for Landscape Architecture, Commission on Higher Education (TCLA CHED), Professional Regulation Commission–Board of Landscape Architecture (PRC–BOLA) and the ICOMOS IFLA International Scientific Committee on Cultural Landscapes, National Philippine Committee (Philippine NSCCL). The data were complemented by a quantitative assessment using Leopold and Lohani and Thann assessment matrix on importance (without considering magnitude), and for this study, it is the level of preparedness and integration.

The paper brings forth to the conclusion that the landscape architecture curricula at the bachelor's degree level of the University of the Philippines – Diliman (UP – Diliman) in Quezon City and University of San Carlos (USC) in Cebu are prepared to integrate and/or consider updating their respective curriculum in accordance to the CLHC specialization. The curricula of Bulacan State University (BulSU) in Malolos, Bulacan, and the University of San Agustin (USA) in Iloilo may need to consider introducing courses related to the thematic areas to be able to create an area of basis for integration.

The study is initiated as part of the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) Philippines Internship programme during a master degree study wherein the research is bounded within the limit of its duration. Therefore, the study was able to only identify and chose the possible thematic areas and course concentrations for the specialization of CLHC; select, review and propose courses related to CLHC; screen courses from the landscape architecture curricula of the universities based on its course title, course information (if provided) and cross–checked with Government syllabi; and allocation of units and time per identified course as well as required prerequisite from thematic areas was not covered in this study.

The paper can be used as a tool to engage discussions with the PRC–BOLA in its development of the specialization of CLHC currently being planned. Study topics and themes identified can be the starting point of training programmes that can benefit students of the current four universities in the study and landscape architecture professionals alike. This will eventually translate to benefits to society as heritage conservation methodologies are developed by practitioners who can apply such knowledge to places of cultural and natural significance and develop learnings to concrete heritage laws and policies protecting landscapes.

This paper serves as a pilot study for the education and professionalization of CLHC in the Philippines. Significantly, the development of CLHC specialization in the Philippines shall open various opportunities in developing Philippine cultural landscape heritage conservationists trained at the local context.

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Philippine landscape heritage education: review of the preparedness of landscape architecture curricula in the Philippines for cultural landscape heritage conservation specialization10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0194Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-09-28© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedKenneth Javier TuaGabriel Victor Aves CaballeroSusan C. Aquino-OngJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-09-2810.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0194https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0194/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Exploring the outcomes of digital marketing on historic sites' visitor behaviourhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0202/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDigital communication and social media have an increasing importance in society and in tourism boosting. This study aims to analyse the role of digital marketing in the destination image and visitor loyalty of historic sites. Using a mixed-method approach combining survey data from 318 respondents and three in-depth interviews. Using structural equations modelling results reveals experience, satisfaction, image and loyalty are concepts to be considered by the destinations' digital marketing promotion, as well as the increasing use of digital marketing by tourists, in the sense that tourists are increasing the habit of checking the opinion of others before scheduling their trip and gives them more importance, and a growing importance is given by tourists to the web/social networks of places they intend to visit. This study contributes to the theory on tourism digital marketing which can be transposed to organizations management in order to encourage discussion on the processes of capture, retention and loyalty of target audiences. To enhance the importance of digital marketing in the process of the tourist development of the city, it is fundamental to define a clear strategy for attracting and responding to the greatest demand from cultural tourists who are increasingly interested in actively participating in learning experiences. The results show that digital communication and social media have an increasing importance in society and in tourism boosting and economy recovery. The paper presents digital marketing as a possible factor in tourism development and social inclusion, advancing practical measures aimed at social justice through a fairer distribution of tourism revenues and the defence of historic centre residents' way (i.e. Barcelos’), and quality of life. The authors suggest the development of a strategic digital marketing plan applied to the development and promotion of tourism in the city of Barcelos (Portugal), to complement the research presented here, thus contributing with a more practical perspective of the subject under study.Exploring the outcomes of digital marketing on historic sites' visitor behaviour
Luzia Arantes de Amorim, Bruno Barbosa Sousa, Álvaro Lopes Dias, Vasco Ribeiro Santos
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Digital communication and social media have an increasing importance in society and in tourism boosting. This study aims to analyse the role of digital marketing in the destination image and visitor loyalty of historic sites.

Using a mixed-method approach combining survey data from 318 respondents and three in-depth interviews. Using structural equations modelling results reveals experience, satisfaction, image and loyalty are concepts to be considered by the destinations' digital marketing promotion, as well as the increasing use of digital marketing by tourists, in the sense that tourists are increasing the habit of checking the opinion of others before scheduling their trip and gives them more importance, and a growing importance is given by tourists to the web/social networks of places they intend to visit.

This study contributes to the theory on tourism digital marketing which can be transposed to organizations management in order to encourage discussion on the processes of capture, retention and loyalty of target audiences.

To enhance the importance of digital marketing in the process of the tourist development of the city, it is fundamental to define a clear strategy for attracting and responding to the greatest demand from cultural tourists who are increasingly interested in actively participating in learning experiences.

The results show that digital communication and social media have an increasing importance in society and in tourism boosting and economy recovery.

The paper presents digital marketing as a possible factor in tourism development and social inclusion, advancing practical measures aimed at social justice through a fairer distribution of tourism revenues and the defence of historic centre residents' way (i.e. Barcelos’), and quality of life.

The authors suggest the development of a strategic digital marketing plan applied to the development and promotion of tourism in the city of Barcelos (Portugal), to complement the research presented here, thus contributing with a more practical perspective of the subject under study.

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Exploring the outcomes of digital marketing on historic sites' visitor behaviour10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0202Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-08-23© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedLuzia Arantes de AmorimBruno Barbosa SousaÁlvaro Lopes DiasVasco Ribeiro SantosJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-2310.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0202https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0202/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Paint repair appraisal for heritage buildings: the adoption of green maintenance model in Banda Aceh and Melakahttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2022-0192/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThis paper is an appraisal using the life cycle assessment (LCA) of paint repair for heritage buildings based on the green maintenance model. Calculation procedures of green maintenance model within cradle-to-site boundaries of LCA approach were undertaken. The calculations evaluate embodied carbon expended from paint repair of Gunongan, Banda Aceh and Melaka Stamp Museum, Melaka. The findings show that the type and number of coats applied will determine the lifespan of the paint. The lifespan of paint influences the frequency of its repair, thus affecting environmental maintenance impact (EMI). Green maintenance model is not confined to heritage buildings and can be applied to any repair types, materials used and building forms. The model supports and stimulates research dedicated to the sustainable development of cultural heritage. This results in the attainment of environmentally focused conservation, promoting sustainable repair approach and inculcating sustainable development of the historic environment. Green maintenance model highlights the efficiency of repair options that may be adopted for heritage buildings, thus cultivating skills and knowledge in cultural heritage and sustainable development. The paint repair appraisal of heritage buildings in different countries and localities, which share similar tropical climate, can be undertaken. It demonstrates how different approaches by relevant agencies to the paint repair of heritage buildings impact on embodied carbon expenditure.Paint repair appraisal for heritage buildings: the adoption of green maintenance model in Banda Aceh and Melaka
Laina Hilma Sari, Brit Anak Kayan, Zahriah Zahriah, Zulfikar Taqiuddin, Cut Nursaniah, Siti Norbaya Mohd Konar
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

This paper is an appraisal using the life cycle assessment (LCA) of paint repair for heritage buildings based on the green maintenance model.

Calculation procedures of green maintenance model within cradle-to-site boundaries of LCA approach were undertaken. The calculations evaluate embodied carbon expended from paint repair of Gunongan, Banda Aceh and Melaka Stamp Museum, Melaka.

The findings show that the type and number of coats applied will determine the lifespan of the paint. The lifespan of paint influences the frequency of its repair, thus affecting environmental maintenance impact (EMI).

Green maintenance model is not confined to heritage buildings and can be applied to any repair types, materials used and building forms. The model supports and stimulates research dedicated to the sustainable development of cultural heritage. This results in the attainment of environmentally focused conservation, promoting sustainable repair approach and inculcating sustainable development of the historic environment.

Green maintenance model highlights the efficiency of repair options that may be adopted for heritage buildings, thus cultivating skills and knowledge in cultural heritage and sustainable development.

The paint repair appraisal of heritage buildings in different countries and localities, which share similar tropical climate, can be undertaken. It demonstrates how different approaches by relevant agencies to the paint repair of heritage buildings impact on embodied carbon expenditure.

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Paint repair appraisal for heritage buildings: the adoption of green maintenance model in Banda Aceh and Melaka10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2022-0192Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-04-11© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedLaina Hilma SariBrit Anak KayanZahriah ZahriahZulfikar TaqiuddinCut NursaniahSiti Norbaya Mohd KonarJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-04-1110.1108/JCHMSD-11-2022-0192https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2022-0192/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Impact of gendered female space on the sustainability of the architectural and urban heritage: the case of the M'Zab Valleyhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2022-0194/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIn the M'Zab Valley, women have long remained confined to their domestic sphere and are invisible in outdoor spaces. This study aims to analyse the use of public and private spaces by the women of Ksar El Atteuf, particularly after the significant changes that society has undergone. This study examines the role of gender in the daily life of an urban community in the M'Zab Valley in Algeria through semi-structured interviews with relevant experts and a survey of 100 Mozabite women. It focuses on their roles and views regarding using spaces and maintaining Mozabite heritage. Social and religious norms influence women's utilisation, behaviour and roles in gendered spaces. Most women consider their place to be within the house but refuse to live primitively. Education and work have enabled them to emerge outdoors. The results also showed that owing to the restrictions imposed on women, 60% of them emphasised the need to express their opinions and make decisions, and 26% asked for more opportunities and spaces. This study broadens understanding of Mozabite society and its architectural and urban heritage. The empirical study surveyed women and conducted interviews with experts. This is valuable, particularly, given the challenges of studying gender in conservative cultural settings.Impact of gendered female space on the sustainability of the architectural and urban heritage: the case of the M'Zab Valley
Khouloud Naili, Krimo Dahmani
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

In the M'Zab Valley, women have long remained confined to their domestic sphere and are invisible in outdoor spaces. This study aims to analyse the use of public and private spaces by the women of Ksar El Atteuf, particularly after the significant changes that society has undergone.

This study examines the role of gender in the daily life of an urban community in the M'Zab Valley in Algeria through semi-structured interviews with relevant experts and a survey of 100 Mozabite women. It focuses on their roles and views regarding using spaces and maintaining Mozabite heritage.

Social and religious norms influence women's utilisation, behaviour and roles in gendered spaces. Most women consider their place to be within the house but refuse to live primitively. Education and work have enabled them to emerge outdoors. The results also showed that owing to the restrictions imposed on women, 60% of them emphasised the need to express their opinions and make decisions, and 26% asked for more opportunities and spaces.

This study broadens understanding of Mozabite society and its architectural and urban heritage. The empirical study surveyed women and conducted interviews with experts. This is valuable, particularly, given the challenges of studying gender in conservative cultural settings.

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Impact of gendered female space on the sustainability of the architectural and urban heritage: the case of the M'Zab Valley10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2022-0194Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-12-21© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedKhouloud NailiKrimo DahmaniJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-12-2110.1108/JCHMSD-11-2022-0194https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2022-0194/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
Sustainability and efficiency of rural accommodation business: an approach in the main tourist region of southern Europehttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2023-0190/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe objective of this study is to determine the efficiency of tourist accommodation companies located in the main tourist area of southern Europe as one of the three elements of the local sustainable development triangle. The analysis, carried out using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology on 130 companies, has obtained that from the CCR perspective (results-oriented method when companies present constant returns on the input variables). The companies involved are quite inefficient, while which from the BCC perspective (where the input and output variables used in the company respond to a variable and not constant scale) are quite efficient. The efficiency of these companies in the seven provinces of Andalusia has also been analysed to determine if there are patterns that differentiate them and thus be able to propose strategies that improve the sustainability of these territories. The conclusions of the study indicate the need to improve the operational efficiency of rural accommodation companies. The analysis of efficiency in the hotel sector and even more so in the rural tourism sector is relatively scarce in the literature, especially in Spain. More specifically, Rubio and Román (2006) have demonstrated the existence of scale inefficiencies in hotels, but no evidence has been found in previous studies that this behaviour carries over to accommodation establishments located in the destinations under study.Sustainability and efficiency of rural accommodation business: an approach in the main tourist region of southern Europe
Ana Belén Mudarra-Fernández, Elia García-Marti, Charles Ramendran Spr, José Luis Durán-Román
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The objective of this study is to determine the efficiency of tourist accommodation companies located in the main tourist area of southern Europe as one of the three elements of the local sustainable development triangle.

The analysis, carried out using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology on 130 companies, has obtained that from the CCR perspective (results-oriented method when companies present constant returns on the input variables).

The companies involved are quite inefficient, while which from the BCC perspective (where the input and output variables used in the company respond to a variable and not constant scale) are quite efficient. The efficiency of these companies in the seven provinces of Andalusia has also been analysed to determine if there are patterns that differentiate them and thus be able to propose strategies that improve the sustainability of these territories. The conclusions of the study indicate the need to improve the operational efficiency of rural accommodation companies.

The analysis of efficiency in the hotel sector and even more so in the rural tourism sector is relatively scarce in the literature, especially in Spain. More specifically, Rubio and Román (2006) have demonstrated the existence of scale inefficiencies in hotels, but no evidence has been found in previous studies that this behaviour carries over to accommodation establishments located in the destinations under study.

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Sustainability and efficiency of rural accommodation business: an approach in the main tourist region of southern Europe10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2023-0190Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-01-12© 2023 Emerald Publishing LimitedAna Belén Mudarra-FernándezElia García-MartiCharles Ramendran SprJosé Luis Durán-RománJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-01-1210.1108/JCHMSD-11-2023-0190https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2023-0190/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited
The Juukan Gorge destruction: a case study in stakeholder-driven and shared values approach to cultural heritage protectionhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0208/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestIn 2020, mining activity by Rio Tinto destroyed rock caves in Western Australia's Juukan Gorge that are considered sacred sites by the First Nation Peoples of that area, the Puutu Kunti Kurrama and Pinikura (PKKP) Peoples. This paper examines the public response to the damage caused at this culturally sensitive site and identifies cultural heritage protection strategies that emerged in the aftermath of this catastrophic event. This research applies a qualitative case study method and analysis of open-sourced official policy documents, media reports and published institutional statements. The research identified specific cultural heritage protection strategies, including stakeholder-driven advocacy and shared values approach to business practices to help foster a greater appreciation of the connections between people, objects and lands. Whilst the mining activities were considered lawful, significant gaps in the legislation to protect heritage sites were also exposed. Using a recent case that occurred in 2020, this paper unpacks how the motivations for accessing minerals can override cultural sensibilities and legal/ethical frameworks established to protect cultural heritage. This paper brings to light the liabilities associated with the mining industry when operating in a culturally significant environment where appropriate due diligence to manage cultural heritage is not thoroughly applied. The paper highlights the role the community can play in demanding improved corporate social responsibility which can, in turn, act as a strategy for cultural heritage protection.The Juukan Gorge destruction: a case study in stakeholder-driven and shared values approach to cultural heritage protection
Vicki Antonia Oliveri, Glenn Porter, Chris Davies, Pamela James
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

In 2020, mining activity by Rio Tinto destroyed rock caves in Western Australia's Juukan Gorge that are considered sacred sites by the First Nation Peoples of that area, the Puutu Kunti Kurrama and Pinikura (PKKP) Peoples. This paper examines the public response to the damage caused at this culturally sensitive site and identifies cultural heritage protection strategies that emerged in the aftermath of this catastrophic event.

This research applies a qualitative case study method and analysis of open-sourced official policy documents, media reports and published institutional statements.

The research identified specific cultural heritage protection strategies, including stakeholder-driven advocacy and shared values approach to business practices to help foster a greater appreciation of the connections between people, objects and lands. Whilst the mining activities were considered lawful, significant gaps in the legislation to protect heritage sites were also exposed.

Using a recent case that occurred in 2020, this paper unpacks how the motivations for accessing minerals can override cultural sensibilities and legal/ethical frameworks established to protect cultural heritage. This paper brings to light the liabilities associated with the mining industry when operating in a culturally significant environment where appropriate due diligence to manage cultural heritage is not thoroughly applied. The paper highlights the role the community can play in demanding improved corporate social responsibility which can, in turn, act as a strategy for cultural heritage protection.

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The Juukan Gorge destruction: a case study in stakeholder-driven and shared values approach to cultural heritage protection10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0208Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-07-21© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedVicki Antonia OliveriGlenn PorterChris DaviesPamela JamesJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-07-2110.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0208https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0208/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Evaluation of bioclimatic design strategies in Esfahak village using Mahoney methodhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0210/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestDespite worldwide climate change and the problems caused by using fossil fuels, energy consumption in the world keeps rising every year. The areas with extremely cold or scorching climates are large, and significant amounts of energy are getting used in these areas for heating, cooling, and ventilation. The general purpose of this study is to investigate the possible relationship between the climatic characteristics of the Esfahak, a village located in the hot desert region of Iran, and the physical characteristics of its built environment. The method of this research is qualitative and somewhat descriptive-analytical. In this regard, the architectural features of Esfahak village are compared with the principles mentioned in the Mahoney tables to determine the degree of compliance of the architecture of this village with the climatic condition. The results show that design principles have been used in all indicators discussed in the Mahoney tables. By applying these principles, not only did the acute weather conditions not prevent the initial settlement in the village location, they have not caused inhabitants to leave the site over time as well. The impacts of bioclimatic design strategies on thermal comfort in hot desert regions are seldom studied. This research provides evidence-based and informed design recommendations that can help building designers and city authorities integrate bioclimatic design strategies at the earliest conceptual design phases in hot desert climates.Evaluation of bioclimatic design strategies in Esfahak village using Mahoney method
Akram Hosseini
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Despite worldwide climate change and the problems caused by using fossil fuels, energy consumption in the world keeps rising every year. The areas with extremely cold or scorching climates are large, and significant amounts of energy are getting used in these areas for heating, cooling, and ventilation. The general purpose of this study is to investigate the possible relationship between the climatic characteristics of the Esfahak, a village located in the hot desert region of Iran, and the physical characteristics of its built environment.

The method of this research is qualitative and somewhat descriptive-analytical. In this regard, the architectural features of Esfahak village are compared with the principles mentioned in the Mahoney tables to determine the degree of compliance of the architecture of this village with the climatic condition.

The results show that design principles have been used in all indicators discussed in the Mahoney tables. By applying these principles, not only did the acute weather conditions not prevent the initial settlement in the village location, they have not caused inhabitants to leave the site over time as well.

The impacts of bioclimatic design strategies on thermal comfort in hot desert regions are seldom studied. This research provides evidence-based and informed design recommendations that can help building designers and city authorities integrate bioclimatic design strategies at the earliest conceptual design phases in hot desert climates.

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Evaluation of bioclimatic design strategies in Esfahak village using Mahoney method10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0210Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-10-04© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedAkram HosseiniJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-10-0410.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0210https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0210/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
The built heritage as a resource for architectural education: documentation of the vernacular settlements and architecture in Omanhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0211/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThrough a project of cooperation between the Ministry of Heritage and Tourism (MHT) and Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), a team including faculty members, technicians and students from the SQU department of civil and architectural engineering (CAE), was involved in the project of documentation, survey and the development of management plans of four (4) Omani Vernacular settlements (Harat). Such an experience was meant to initiate students from different levels in undergraduate programs of civil and architectural engineering to the fieldwork and professional practice in the field of built heritage studies. The present research aims to explore the effect of such an experience on the learning process and skills acquired by the involved students. The research was undertaken with students of CAE undergraduate programs at SQU. The documentation method has been implemented in 4 different settlements with the same students. A questionnaire has been administered to the participating students after their graduation to collect their feedback regarding the benefits of this experience on their education and skills development. The data was complemented by active observation and semi-directive interviews with some students randomly selected among the respondents to the questionnaire. The outcome of each documentation campaign as well as the results of the questionnaires administered revealed that this experience has raised students' awareness about the importance of studying the built heritage and safeguarding it. The research has shown that important soft skills, such as team-working, leadership and communication, have been consolidated. It has also revealed that this experience was an opportunity for students to discover the variety of options within the profession of architecture and its intellectual and ethical responsibilities. Such aspects are hardly grasped when taught within a “classical” teaching/learning setting. The main limitations of this research were the hard working conditions during the summer in Oman and the direct interaction of the students with the buildings. Even cautious, such interaction represents a risk for an already fragile heritage. The paper includes a detailed description of the architectural documentation tools and methods used in the case studies. These tools and methods can easily be applicable, with slight adaptations, in other architectural documentation projects involving undergraduate students. The documentation methodology and the generated corpus of 3D digital models can be used in other documentation projects and further studies such as architectural typologies, bioclimatic properties, natural ventilation patterns, daylight performance, etc. This paper reports on the outcomes of the first experience of its kind in Oman and the Gulf region, where undergraduate students (predominantly females) were involved in an interdisciplinary project for the documentation of important vernacular settlements and their buildings. The added value of this research is that its methodology can be a reference for professors of Architecture and related specialties aiming to integrate research and field work with education.The built heritage as a resource for architectural education: documentation of the vernacular settlements and architecture in Oman
Naima Benkari
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

Through a project of cooperation between the Ministry of Heritage and Tourism (MHT) and Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), a team including faculty members, technicians and students from the SQU department of civil and architectural engineering (CAE), was involved in the project of documentation, survey and the development of management plans of four (4) Omani Vernacular settlements (Harat). Such an experience was meant to initiate students from different levels in undergraduate programs of civil and architectural engineering to the fieldwork and professional practice in the field of built heritage studies. The present research aims to explore the effect of such an experience on the learning process and skills acquired by the involved students.

The research was undertaken with students of CAE undergraduate programs at SQU. The documentation method has been implemented in 4 different settlements with the same students. A questionnaire has been administered to the participating students after their graduation to collect their feedback regarding the benefits of this experience on their education and skills development. The data was complemented by active observation and semi-directive interviews with some students randomly selected among the respondents to the questionnaire.

The outcome of each documentation campaign as well as the results of the questionnaires administered revealed that this experience has raised students' awareness about the importance of studying the built heritage and safeguarding it. The research has shown that important soft skills, such as team-working, leadership and communication, have been consolidated. It has also revealed that this experience was an opportunity for students to discover the variety of options within the profession of architecture and its intellectual and ethical responsibilities. Such aspects are hardly grasped when taught within a “classical” teaching/learning setting.

The main limitations of this research were the hard working conditions during the summer in Oman and the direct interaction of the students with the buildings. Even cautious, such interaction represents a risk for an already fragile heritage.

The paper includes a detailed description of the architectural documentation tools and methods used in the case studies. These tools and methods can easily be applicable, with slight adaptations, in other architectural documentation projects involving undergraduate students. The documentation methodology and the generated corpus of 3D digital models can be used in other documentation projects and further studies such as architectural typologies, bioclimatic properties, natural ventilation patterns, daylight performance, etc.

This paper reports on the outcomes of the first experience of its kind in Oman and the Gulf region, where undergraduate students (predominantly females) were involved in an interdisciplinary project for the documentation of important vernacular settlements and their buildings. The added value of this research is that its methodology can be a reference for professors of Architecture and related specialties aiming to integrate research and field work with education.

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The built heritage as a resource for architectural education: documentation of the vernacular settlements and architecture in Oman10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0211Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-05-31© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedNaima BenkariJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-05-3110.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0211https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0211/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Scrutinising community-held knowledge transfer into world heritage site management plans: a multidisciplinary methodhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0216/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe UNESCO World Heritage Committee requires management plans for world heritage site (WHS) nominations including the evidence of involvement of all stakeholders. Many studies report different engagement methods to ensure the participation of the local communities in these plans. However, this study aims to assess and gauge the community-held knowledge transfer and the quality of their contribution to heritage management plans by proposing an interdisciplinary method. The method had been developed to scrutinise community-held knowledge transfer in WHS management plans, combining the domains of knowledge representation with qualitative social research. Local knowledge transferred into WHS management plans is poor. The proposed method gauged three levels of community knowledge transfer to WHS. The method enables results to be quantified and the process to be reproducible. The method can be used to quality control the design of WHS management plans. The method can be used to inform evaluation protocols to be developed by UNESCO. The proposed method can be used to inform evaluation protocols to be developed by ICOMOS and IUCN, which safeguard holistic aspects of heritage in WHS management plans. The method provides reproducible, quantifiable results from clear premises. Despite being applied to a case study in Turkey, it can be adjusted to any context as WHS management plans tend to follow a standard format. It, therefore, provides a tool to quality control the design of these plans.Scrutinising community-held knowledge transfer into world heritage site management plans: a multidisciplinary method
Gizem Parlak, Clarice Bleil de Souza, Federico Cerutti
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The UNESCO World Heritage Committee requires management plans for world heritage site (WHS) nominations including the evidence of involvement of all stakeholders. Many studies report different engagement methods to ensure the participation of the local communities in these plans. However, this study aims to assess and gauge the community-held knowledge transfer and the quality of their contribution to heritage management plans by proposing an interdisciplinary method.

The method had been developed to scrutinise community-held knowledge transfer in WHS management plans, combining the domains of knowledge representation with qualitative social research.

Local knowledge transferred into WHS management plans is poor. The proposed method gauged three levels of community knowledge transfer to WHS. The method enables results to be quantified and the process to be reproducible. The method can be used to quality control the design of WHS management plans. The method can be used to inform evaluation protocols to be developed by UNESCO.

The proposed method can be used to inform evaluation protocols to be developed by ICOMOS and IUCN, which safeguard holistic aspects of heritage in WHS management plans.

The method provides reproducible, quantifiable results from clear premises. Despite being applied to a case study in Turkey, it can be adjusted to any context as WHS management plans tend to follow a standard format. It, therefore, provides a tool to quality control the design of these plans.

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Scrutinising community-held knowledge transfer into world heritage site management plans: a multidisciplinary method10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0216Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2022-08-04© 2022 Emerald Publishing LimitedGizem ParlakClarice Bleil de SouzaFederico CeruttiJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2022-08-0410.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0216https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2021-0216/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2022 Emerald Publishing Limited
Cannabis sativa (hemp) – an eco-friendly material for heritage conservation and sustainable environmenthttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2022-0206/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe present work highlights the outstanding properties of Cannabis sativa that can be harnessed for various utilitarian functions and its climate friendly properties. In this paper, the authors reviewed current research on all possible utilities from household work to manufacturing of various products that are environmentally sustainable. The authors have presented some of their research on this materials and also exploration of hemp as an archaeological material based on the findings from wall paintings of Ellora caves. There are references of hemp use in mixing with earthen/lime plaster of western Indian monuments. Around 1,500 years of Ellora’s earthen plaster, despite harsh climatic conditions, survived due to the presence of hemp in the plaster that adds durability, fibrosity and its capacity to ward off insects and control humidity. Furthermore, the outstanding quality of Cannabis as carbon sequestrant was harnessed by Indians of ancient times in Ellora mural paintings. This work discusses some relevant literature on the potential use of hempcrete aligned with Agenda 2030 of sustainable development goals. There are several research going on in producing sustainable materials using hemp that have the least environmental impact and can provide eco-friendly solutions. The authors impress upon the readers about multifarious utility of the hemp and advices for exploration of this material to address many environmental issues. This paper presents both review of the existing papers and some components coming directly from their laboratory investigations.Cannabis sativa (hemp) – an eco-friendly material for heritage conservation and sustainable environment
Manager Rajdeo Singh, Aditya Prakash Kanth, Madhuri Sawant, Rajesh Ragde
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The present work highlights the outstanding properties of Cannabissativa that can be harnessed for various utilitarian functions and its climate friendly properties.

In this paper, the authors reviewed current research on all possible utilities from household work to manufacturing of various products that are environmentally sustainable. The authors have presented some of their research on this materials and also exploration of hemp as an archaeological material based on the findings from wall paintings of Ellora caves.

There are references of hemp use in mixing with earthen/lime plaster of western Indian monuments. Around 1,500 years of Ellora’s earthen plaster, despite harsh climatic conditions, survived due to the presence of hemp in the plaster that adds durability, fibrosity and its capacity to ward off insects and control humidity. Furthermore, the outstanding quality of Cannabis as carbon sequestrant was harnessed by Indians of ancient times in Ellora mural paintings.

This work discusses some relevant literature on the potential use of hempcrete aligned with Agenda 2030 of sustainable development goals.

There are several research going on in producing sustainable materials using hemp that have the least environmental impact and can provide eco-friendly solutions.

The authors impress upon the readers about multifarious utility of the hemp and advices for exploration of this material to address many environmental issues.

This paper presents both review of the existing papers and some components coming directly from their laboratory investigations.

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Cannabis sativa (hemp) – an eco-friendly material for heritage conservation and sustainable environment10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2022-0206Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-02-15© 2024 Emerald Publishing LimitedManager Rajdeo SinghAditya Prakash KanthMadhuri SawantRajesh RagdeJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-02-1510.1108/JCHMSD-12-2022-0206https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2022-0206/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited
Assemblage urbanism: the role of heritage in urban placemakinghttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2022-0208/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe paper explores the potential value of urban assemblage theory as a conceptual framework for understanding the role heritage has in social sustainable urban placemaking. The authors conceptualise urban placemaking as a dynamic and complex social assemblage. Heritage is one of the many dimensions of such a complex and dynamic urban assembly. Based on the approach to urban assemblage theory, the authors aim to uncover how postindustrial city-making unfolds. When approaching the case studies, the authors ask the following: Whose city for which citizens are visible through the selected case studies? How is social sustainability achieved through heritage in urban placemaking? The main research material is derived from theoretical literature and the testing of an assemblage methodological approach through three Norwegian urban regeneration case studies where heritage partake in urban placemaking. The three case studies are the Tukthus wall (what is left of an 19th century old prison), the Vulkan neighbourhood (an 19th century industrial working area) and Sørengkaia (an 19th century industrial harbour area) in Oslo, Norway. The three case studies are representing urban regeneration projects which are common worldwide, and not at least in a European context. The paper reveals the dynamic factors and processes at play in urban placemaking, which has its own distinct character by the uses of heritage in each of the case study areas. Placemaking could produce “closed” systems which are stable in accordance with its original functions, or they could be “open” systems affected by the various drivers of change. The paper shows how these forces are depending on two sets of binary forces at play in urban placemaking: forces of “assemblages” co-creating a place versus destabilising forces of “disassembly” which is redefining the place as a process affected by reassembled placemaking. For research, the authors focus on the implications this paper has for the field of urban heritage studies as it provides a useful framework to capture the dynamic complexity of urban heritage areas. For practice, the authors state that the paper can provide a useful platform for dialogue and critical thinking on strategies being planned. For society, the paper promotes the significance in terms of fostering an inclusive way of thinking and planning for urban heritage futures. The paper outlines dynamics of urban regeneration through heritage which are significant for understanding urban transformation as value for offering practical solutions to social problems in urban planning. The assemblage methodological approach (1) makes awareness of the dynamic processes at play in urban placemaking and makes the ground for mapping issue at stake in urban placemaking; (2) becomes a source for modelling urban regeneration through heritage by defining a conceptual framework of dynamic interactions in urban placemaking; and (3) defines a critically reflexive tool for evaluating good versus bad (heritage-led) urban development projects.Assemblage urbanism: the role of heritage in urban placemaking
Torgrim Sneve Guttormsen, Joar Skrede, Paloma Guzman, Kalliopi Fouseki, Chiara Bonacchi, Ana Pastor Pérez
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The paper explores the potential value of urban assemblage theory as a conceptual framework for understanding the role heritage has in social sustainable urban placemaking. The authors conceptualise urban placemaking as a dynamic and complex social assemblage. Heritage is one of the many dimensions of such a complex and dynamic urban assembly. Based on the approach to urban assemblage theory, the authors aim to uncover how postindustrial city-making unfolds. When approaching the case studies, the authors ask the following: Whose city for which citizens are visible through the selected case studies? How is social sustainability achieved through heritage in urban placemaking?

The main research material is derived from theoretical literature and the testing of an assemblage methodological approach through three Norwegian urban regeneration case studies where heritage partake in urban placemaking. The three case studies are the Tukthus wall (what is left of an 19th century old prison), the Vulkan neighbourhood (an 19th century industrial working area) and Sørengkaia (an 19th century industrial harbour area) in Oslo, Norway. The three case studies are representing urban regeneration projects which are common worldwide, and not at least in a European context.

The paper reveals the dynamic factors and processes at play in urban placemaking, which has its own distinct character by the uses of heritage in each of the case study areas. Placemaking could produce “closed” systems which are stable in accordance with its original functions, or they could be “open” systems affected by the various drivers of change. The paper shows how these forces are depending on two sets of binary forces at play in urban placemaking: forces of “assemblages” co-creating a place versus destabilising forces of “disassembly” which is redefining the place as a process affected by reassembled placemaking.

For research, the authors focus on the implications this paper has for the field of urban heritage studies as it provides a useful framework to capture the dynamic complexity of urban heritage areas.

For practice, the authors state that the paper can provide a useful platform for dialogue and critical thinking on strategies being planned.

For society, the paper promotes the significance in terms of fostering an inclusive way of thinking and planning for urban heritage futures.

The paper outlines dynamics of urban regeneration through heritage which are significant for understanding urban transformation as value for offering practical solutions to social problems in urban planning. The assemblage methodological approach (1) makes awareness of the dynamic processes at play in urban placemaking and makes the ground for mapping issue at stake in urban placemaking; (2) becomes a source for modelling urban regeneration through heritage by defining a conceptual framework of dynamic interactions in urban placemaking; and (3) defines a critically reflexive tool for evaluating good versus bad (heritage-led) urban development projects.

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Assemblage urbanism: the role of heritage in urban placemaking10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2022-0208Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2023-09-11© 2023 Torgrim Sneve Guttormsen, Joar Skrede, Paloma Guzman, Kalliopi Fouseki, Chiara Bonacchi and Ana Pastor PérezTorgrim Sneve GuttormsenJoar SkredePaloma GuzmanKalliopi FousekiChiara BonacchiAna Pastor PérezJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2023-09-1110.1108/JCHMSD-12-2022-0208https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2022-0208/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2023 Torgrim Sneve Guttormsen, Joar Skrede, Paloma Guzman, Kalliopi Fouseki, Chiara Bonacchi and Ana Pastor Pérezhttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
Impact of touristic sustainability on satisfaction with touristic services in a world heritage city. The case of the equestrian show in Córdoba (Spain)https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2023-0226/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatestThe main objective of this research is to analyze satisfaction with tourist services linked to the concept of sustainability in the context of a visit to the so-called equestrian show. The equestrian show adds values from the cultures that passed through the city. Specifically, the study focuses on tourist loyalty based on satisfaction with tourist services, satisfaction with the equestrian show and its overall quality. The fieldwork has been conducted in Córdoba, Spain. There are few studies on the relationship between tourist services linked to the concepts of sustainability and loyalty from the perspective of equestrian show management, making this a novel contribution to research. The methodology used is based on a partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach. To achieve the proposed objective, a structured questionnaire was used, and the results obtained confirm that satisfaction with tourist services linked to the concept of sustainability and the assessment of quality positively influence tourist loyalty. Consequently, they recommend returning to the destination and repeating the visit. Heritage in Córdoba, Spain, is internationally recognized. Its uniqueness, with four world inscriptions along with the cultures that inhabited it, left a material heritage legacy in the city. Over time, this legacy has made it a magnet for visitors, making it essential to delve into its management and how concepts such as satisfaction with tourist services, combined with sustainability, impact the improvement of the visit.Impact of touristic sustainability on satisfaction with touristic services in a world heritage city. The case of the equestrian show in Córdoba (Spain)
Jose A. Fernández Gallardo, Ricardo Hernandez Rojas
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.-

The main objective of this research is to analyze satisfaction with tourist services linked to the concept of sustainability in the context of a visit to the so-called equestrian show. The equestrian show adds values from the cultures that passed through the city. Specifically, the study focuses on tourist loyalty based on satisfaction with tourist services, satisfaction with the equestrian show and its overall quality. The fieldwork has been conducted in Córdoba, Spain. There are few studies on the relationship between tourist services linked to the concepts of sustainability and loyalty from the perspective of equestrian show management, making this a novel contribution to research.

The methodology used is based on a partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach.

To achieve the proposed objective, a structured questionnaire was used, and the results obtained confirm that satisfaction with tourist services linked to the concept of sustainability and the assessment of quality positively influence tourist loyalty. Consequently, they recommend returning to the destination and repeating the visit.

Heritage in Córdoba, Spain, is internationally recognized. Its uniqueness, with four world inscriptions along with the cultures that inhabited it, left a material heritage legacy in the city. Over time, this legacy has made it a magnet for visitors, making it essential to delve into its management and how concepts such as satisfaction with tourist services, combined with sustainability, impact the improvement of the visit.

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Impact of touristic sustainability on satisfaction with touristic services in a world heritage city. The case of the equestrian show in Córdoba (Spain)10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2023-0226Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development2024-03-26© 2024 Jose A. Fernández Gallardo and Ricardo Hernandez RojasJose A. Fernández GallardoRicardo Hernandez RojasJournal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Developmentahead-of-printahead-of-print2024-03-2610.1108/JCHMSD-12-2023-0226https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2023-0226/full/html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss_journalLatest© 2024 Jose A. Fernández Gallardo and Ricardo Hernandez Rojashttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode