Index

Citation

Ragas, M.W. and Culp, R. (2021), "Index", Business Acumen for Strategic Communicators: A Primer, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 299-308. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83867-659-920211018

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2021 Emerald Publishing Limited

---

INDEX

Note: Page numbers followed by “n” indicate notes.

“Absentee owners”

, 81

Accelerators

, 27

Accenture

, 164

Accounting

, 115

firms and auditors

, 106

Acquisition-driven growth

, 24

Actual billable hours

, 167

Advertising

, 184

AFL-CIO

, 86

Aflac Duck

, 73

Agency

agency–client relationship

, 159–160

assets

, 162

holding company

, 162

of record

, 168

search

, 169

side

, 186

Agency business models

, 165–168

disruptive forces to

, 170–173

Agile method

, 34

Agility

, 46, 183

Albritton

, 24–25

Alexa products

, 24

Alibaba

, 21

Allen, Jean

, 6

Alphabet

, 122–123

Alphabet/Google

, 21

balance sheet

, 129–130

market cap

, 133

shareholders’ equity

, 132

soup of regulators and rules

, 141–143

Amazon

, 20–21, 24

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

, 24

American Advertising Federation (AAF)

, 201

Amsterdam-based Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)

, 118

Analyst/investor day

, 149

Analytics

, 25

Annual basis

, 121

Annual earnings guidance

, 151

Apple company

, 20–21

Archetype

, 57

Arthur W. Page Society

, 3–5, 21, 182, 179, 190, 202–203

Assets

, 115, (see also Investment)

management firms

, 104

Available billable hours

, 167

B Corp certification

, 89

B Lab Advertisement

, 90

Bain, Mark

, 153

Balance sheet

, 120, 128

Alphabet

, 129–130

assets

, 130–131

liabilities

, 131

shareholders’ equity

, 131–132

Barra, Mary

, 204

Bartlett, Dan

, 180

Bechtel Corporation

, 5

Beiser, Kathryn

, 119

Benchmarking analysis

, 167

Beneficial ownership report

, 147

Benefit corporation (Benefit Corps)

, 88–89

Benioff, Marc (Salesforce. com founder)

, 69

“Best in class” model PR agencies

, 167

Bezos, Jeff

, 33, 40, 85

“Bid”

, 101

Billable brainpower

, 165

Billable hours

, 167

Billing rate

, 167

Black Lives Matter (BLM)

, 6, 74

“Blackout periods”

, 147

BlackRock

, 104, 118

Blended rate

, 167

Blockbuster executives

, 97

Bloomberg

, 133

Bloomberg Businessweek

, 203

Board of advisors

, 82

Board of Directors

, 80, 99, 207

Boardrooms

, 34, 80–82

Boards of directors

, 91

Bonds

, 99–100

Book value

, 130

Boston Consulting Group (BCG)

, 21

Bottom-line

performance

, 23

profitability

, 126

“Boxes and lines” reporting

, 35

Boylan, Katie

, 210–211

Bryant, Adam

, 91

Budgeting process

, 189

Buffett, Warren

, 66

Burn rate

, 131

Burson, Harold

, 4

Burson Cohn & Wolfe (BCW)

, 79

Business

, 65

activities

, 25

of business

, 5

edutainment

, 204

imperative

, 187

IQ

, 198

leaders

, 69, 125, 139

literacy

, 8, 11, 202

management

, 65–66

model

, 178

transformations and strategic communication

, 27–29

Business acumen

, 120, 197

career stages

, 201–202

lifelong learning and mindset of champions

, 208

moves to center stage

, 198–201

perceived benefits of

, 11–13

in strategic communications

, 9–11

strategic management function and

, 7–9

ways to build

, 202–207

Business Roundtable

, 69–70

Business-to-business (B2B)

, 183

B2B brand Cummins, Inc.

, 184

Business-to-consumer (B2C)

, 183

Buying securities

, 143

C-corporation (C-corp)

, 88–89

C-suite

, 4–5, 13, 28, 34, 66, 68, 80, 85–86, 91, 143, 146, 148, 178–179, 188

advisor

, 116

functions

, 198

leaders

, 125

priority

, 38–4

Calendar year

, 189

Capital markets

, 99–101

Capitalism

, 57, 65

Career

skills

, 7

stages

, 201–202

Carney, Jay

, 180

“Cash burn”

, 131

Cash flow statement

, 120

Casto, Carole

, 184

Cause marketing

, 71

Certified B Corps

, 89

Change management communication

, 28

Charity Navigator

, 121

Checo, Andy

, 187

Chief communications officer (CCO)

, 4–5, 24, 50, 65, 85, 99, 169, 178–181, 200

Chief corporate affairs officers (CCAOs)

, 186

Chief executive officer (CEO)

, 4, 19–20, 33–34, 38–40, 49, 66, 74, 79, 81, 86, 99, 116, 125, 139, 145, 179, 181, 198–199

activism

, 75

imperative

, 23

Chief financial officers (CFOs)

, 81, 86, 105, 115, 145, 181

Chief growth officer (CGO)

, 25

Chief human resources officer (CHRO)

, 85, 86, 181

Chief information officer (CIO)

, 85

Chief information officer/chief technology officer (CIO/CTO)

, 86, 181

Chief legal officer

, 143

Chief marketing officers (CMOs)

, 13, 25, 85, 180–181

Chief operating officer (COO)

, 116

Chief technology officer (CTO)

, 85

Chris Collins

, 147

Chronicle of Higher Education

, 199

Classic agency theory

, 80

Clients

, 167

CNBC. com

, 133

Co-working space

, 26

Code of Ethics

, 52

Cohen, Joe

, 112–113

“Command and control” leadership styles

, 35

Commission on Public Relations Education

, 8, 200

Common agile frameworks

, 36

Communication

agency

, 27, 184

consultancies

, 184

ecosystem

, 160–162

professionals

, 104

Communicative action

, 57

Communicators

, 4

opportunity for

, 109–110

Company executives

, 146

Comstock, Beth

, 81

Cone, Carol

, 61–62

Conscious Capitalism

, 51, 65

Conscious Leadership

, 51

Consultancy business models, disruptive forces to

, 170–173

Consultancy holding companies

, 27

Consultants

, 146

Consulting firms

, 171

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau

, 141

Corner office

, 85–87

Corona

, 199

Corporate annual communication budget planning

, 189

Corporate character

, 58

Corporate conscience, strategic communication as

, 58–59

Corporate department

, 189

Corporate disclosure

, 152

Alphabet soup of regulators and rules

, 141–143

earnings guidance and forward-looking statements

, 150–152

laws

, 117

material, non-public information

, 146–148

navigating web of laws, rules and regulations

, 152–153

quarterly earnings calls

, 148–150

securities laws and regulation fair disclosure

, 143–146

Corporate executives

, 68

Corporate finance

, 99

Corporate functions

, 193

Corporate governance

, 81–82

and strategic communications

, 90–91

Corporate law firms

, 106

Corporate philanthropy

, 71

Corporate purpose

, 58

Corporate social advocacy (CSA)

, 73–74

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)

, 29, 54, 65, 77, 118

corporate social advocacy on rise

, 73–75

evolution

, 71–73

Corporations

, 74, 105

Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)

, 123–124

Cost of revenue

, 124

Costco Wholesale Corporation

, 52–53

Council of Institutional Investors

, 69–70

COVID-19 global pandemic

, 74, 87, 108, 177, 188

Crain’s Chicago Business

, 24

Credits

, 115

Cripps, Kathy

, 160

CRM

, 163

Crowdfunding

, 99

Cummins

, 184

integrated corporate communication and marketing team at

, 185

Current liabilities

, 131

CVS Health

, 58

Davis, Paula S.

, 183

Debits

, 115

Debt

, 100

Decision-makers

, 115

Delphi panel method

, 11

DevOps

, 36

Diffusion of Innovations

, 25

Digital manufacturing.

, 36

Digital media-empowered stakeholders

, 67

Digital reinventions

, 28

Dimon, Jamie (CEO and chair of JPMorgan Chase)

, 39–40, 204

Direct listing

, 109

Disruption

, 20

Disruptive innovation

, 21

navigating

, 20

Diversified agency services group (DAS)

, 162

Diversity, equity and inclusion (DE&I)

, 80, 82, 187

on boards

, 82–85

Dodd–Frank Act

, (see Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (2010))

Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (2010)

, 144

Donahoe, John (NIKE CEO)

, 6

Dow Jones Industrial Average

, 104

Duty of care

, 82

Duty of loyalty

, 82

DVDs

, 97

Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA)

, 117

Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT)

, 117

Earnings calls

, 148–149

Earnings guidance

, 150–152

Earnings multiple

, (see P/E ratio)

Earnings per share (EPS)

, 116, 127

calculating

, 127–128

Edelman, Richard

, 27, 165

EDGAR system

, 145, 147

Effective organizational communication

, 178

Effective strategic communication

, 4, 29

Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval system (EDGAR system)

, 107, 117

Employee(s)

, 146

activism

, 74, 80

Enterprise value (EV)

, 132, 134

Enterprise’s vision

, 53

Environmental, social and governance (ESG)

, 50, 65, 118

Environmental scanning

, 66

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

, 141

Equity

, 100, 187

ownership model

, 174

Ethics

, 53–56

“Every day low price” strategy

, 19

Executive committee

, 5, 180

Executive communications

, 104

Executive vice president (EVP)

, 180

Expenses

, 115

Expertise-based fee model

, 165

External communication areas

, 182

Facebook

, 20–21

Fearless Girl campaign

, 83–84

Federal Reserve Board

, 141

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

, 141

Fee model

, 166

Fee-based relationships

, 167

Feldman, Bob (ICF Next)

, 46–47

Fiduciary

, 84

duties

, 82

Finance

, 99–101, 115

finance-intensive specialization

, 120

future

, 109–110

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)

, 117–118

Financial acumen

, 120

Financial communications

, 99

Financial community

, 105

Financial executives

, 123

Financial Industry Regulatory Authority

, 106

Financial reporting and disclosures

, 117–118

Financial statements

, 115–116

types

, 118–121

Financial Times

, 204

Financial valuation essentials

, 132

enterprise value

, 134

market capitalization

, 133

P/E ratio

, 134

Fink, Larry

, 49–50, 204

Fiscal year

, 189

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

, 141

For-profit entities

, 160

Forbes

, 72

Form 10-K

, 144

Form 10-Q

, 144

Form 4 filing

, 147

Form 990

, 121

Fortune

, 203–204

Fortune 500 company

, 83, 184

Forward-looking statements

, 150–152

“Friedman doctrine”

, 67

FTI Consulting, Inc.

, 164

Full-service agency

, 161

Function budget cycles

, 189

13G filing

, 147

G Suite tools

, 122

General and administrative expenses (G&A)

, 124

General Counsel

, 143

General Electric (GE)

, 81

Generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP)

, 117, 121

GenZ

, 57

Gladwell, Malcolm

, 197

“Gladwell’s rule”

, 197

Global advertising agency networks

, 162

Gomez, Dionne

, 13

Google

, 20

Google Cloud Platform

, 122

Google Play app

, 122

Great Depression

, 144

Great Recession (2008–2009)

, 177

Gross margin

, 125–126

GroupM, J. Walter Thompson

, 79

Growth

, 23

Guidestar

, 121

Hamilton

, 4

“Healthy paranoia”

, 19

Hedge funds

, 105

Hernandez-Blades, Catherine

, 77–78

Heyman, Bill

, 11

Hispanic Public Relations Association (HPRA)

, 187

Hobson, Mellody

, 204

“Homegrown” revenue growth

, 24

Huawei

, 21

Human resources (HR)

, 85, 178

Hynes, Aedhmar

, 57

Hyper-connectivity

, 70

ICF International, Inc.

, 164

In-house agency

, 172

In-house communication

, (see also Strategic communication)

budgets for in-house departments and teams

, 188–190

careers and characteristics of in-house communication professionals

, 184–188

CCO

, 178–181

executives

, 179

future of communication departments and teams

, 190–191

roles and responsibilities of in-house departments and teams

, 181–184

Incentivized based model

, 167

Inclusion

, 187

Income

net

, 125

operating

, 124–125

Income statement

, 119, 121–123, 128, 133

COGS

, 123–124

G&A

, 124

net income

, 125

operating income

, 124–125

Incubators

, 27

Index funds

, 104

Individual investors

, 104

Information technology (IT)

, 36

Information websites

, 133

Initial public offering (IPO)

, 98

process of going public and ringing bell

, 106–109

Innovation

, 21, 25, 28

as driver of organizational growth

, 25–27

Innovative companies

, 22

Inorganic driven growth

, (see Acquisition-driven growth)

Inside Job (documentary film)

, 205

Institute for Public Relations (IPR)

, 84, 198

Institutional investors

, 104

Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS)

, 106

Institutionalized influence of shareholders

, 87–90

Intangible assets

, 130

Internal communications professionals

, 28

Internal Revenue Service (IRS)

, 121

International Accounting Standards Boards (IASB)

, 117

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)

, 118

Interpublic Group (IPG)

, 24, 160

Investment

, (see also Assets)

banks

, 106

firms

, 105

managers

, 118

Investor relations (IR)

, 13, 98, 105, 109, 145, 182, 205

Investor relations officer (IRO)

, 105, 107

Investors

, 65, 67–68

Jack Ma

, 204

Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc. (J&J Services, Inc.)

, 54

Johnson, Tom

, 118

Jones, Damon

, 180

Jordan, Michael

, 208

Kanban method

, 35–36

relationship between lean, agile and Kanban approaches

, 37

Key performance indicators (KPIs)

, 175

Kim Crawford

, 199

Kotcher, Ray

, 198

KPMG International

, 34

LaBranche, Gary A.

, 146

Law of exponential growth

, (see Moore’s Law)

Lazarus, Shelly

, 93–94

Lead, opportunity for strategic communication to

, 29

Lean and Agile enterprise

, (see also Purpose-driven enterprise)

lean and agile DNA

, 35–38

organizational agility

, 38–40

strategic communications and organizational agility

, 40–44

Lean manufacturing

, 35–36

Lean method

, 34

Lenovo

, 54–55

Lewis, Michael

, 204

Liabilities

, 115

“Lightweight” software development

, 36

Limited liability company (LLC)

, 88

Long-term debt

, 131

Lyft

, 20

MacDonald, Maril

, 31–32

Mackey, John

, 51, 69

Management consulting firms

, 106

Marc Randolph

, 97

Marino, Peter (MillerCoors)

, 9

Market capitalization (market cap)

, 132

Marketing

, 160–162

Marketplace

, 203

MarketWatch

, 133

Mars Edge

, 101

Mars Food

, 101

Mars Incorporated

, 101

Mars Petcare

, 101

Mars Wrigley

, 101

Master in Business Administration (MBA)

, 205

MBA-trained marketing professionals

, 13

Mastering Business for Strategic Communicators

, 8

Material

, 146–148

information

, 146, 150

“Materiality”

, 145

McDonald’s restaurant concept

, 159

McGinnis, Kelly

, 28

McGrail, Kelly

, 15–16

McGrew, Mike

, 199

McMillon, Doug (president of Walmart)

, 19

MDC Partners

, 162

Media

, 160–162

Mentor

, 15

Michael, Chelsea

, 13

Mid-career professionals and rising leaders

, 201–202

Millennials

, 59

Mindshare

, 79

Mission

, 53–56

Modelo

, 199

Modern CSR

, 71

Moore, Gordon (Intel founder)

, 20

Moore’s Law

, 20–21

Mucha, Zenia

, 180

Musk, Elon

, 139

Mutual fund

, 206

NASDAQ

, 102, 106

MarketSite

, 102

National Investor Relations Institute (NIRI)

, 104, 146

Neptune

, 56

Net asset value

, (see Book value)

Net book value

, (see Book value)

Net income

, 125

Net margin

, 126–127

Net profit margin

, (see Net margin)

Netflix

, 20–21, 97–99

New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)

, 102, 106

NIKE

, 6

Non-current liabilities

, 131

Non-deal road show (NDR)

, 149

Non-operating expenses

, 127

Non-public information

, 146–148

Nooyi, Indra

, 71

NY-based Colgate-Palmolive Company

, 183

Ogilvy

, 79

Omnicom

, 24, 162

group total revenue by geography

, 163

group total revenue by industry

, 164

Only the Paranoid Survive

, 20

Onoda, John

, 193–194

Operating expenses

, 127

Operating income

, 124–125

Operating margin

, 126

ORD for Chicago O’Hare International Airport

, 102

Organic growth

, 24

Organic-driven growth

, 24

Organizational agility

, 38–40

strategic communications and

, 40–44

Organizational communications professionals

, 28

Organizational governance

, 82

Organizational leaders

, 91

Pacifico

, 199

Page, Arthur

, 3

Page Principles

, 3–4, 57

Page Society

, 179, 198

Page’s approach

, 3

Palantir Technologies

, 109

Paul Polman

, 66

Pay ratio rule

, 87

People of color (POC)

, 83

People operations

, 85

People teams

, 85

Performance-based model

, 167

Periodic basis

, 144

Peter Parker principle

, 191

Physical product manufacturing

, 36

Porat, Ruth

, 116

Powell, Nigel

, 180

Price-to-earnings ratio (P/E ratio)

, 128, 132, 134

Price-to-sales ratio

, 134

Primary agency

, 168

Private equity firms

, 105–106

Private firms

, 144

Private Securities Litigation Reform Act (1995)

, 152

Procurement and sourcing

, 169

Professional investment funds

, 104

Profit and loss statement (P&L)

, (see Income statement)

Profit margins

, 125

gross margin

, 125–126

net margin

, 126–127

operating margin

, 126

Profits

, 23, 51–53

maximization

, 52, 59

Project-based agency–client relationships

, 167

ProPublica

, 121

Prosek, Jennifer

, 99

Prospectus

, 107

Proxy

advisors

, 106

contest

, 88

solicitors

, 106

PRWeek

, 187

Public benefit corporation

, (see Benefit corporation)

Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB)

, 117

Public firms

, 144

Public relations (PR)

, 3, 74, 99, 124, 135, 155, 159, 178, 184, 198

agency

, 165

and communication agency rankings table

, 166

evolution of PR and strategic communications

, 4–7

firm

, 160

Public Relations Society of America (PRSA)

, 198

Public Relations Student Society of America (PRSSA)

, 201

Public scrutiny

, 58

Publicis

, 24

Purpose

, 51–53, 57–58

Purpose-driven enterprise

, 57, (see also Lean and Agile enterprise)

Fink, Larry

, 49–50

mission, vision, values and ethics

, 53–56

purpose

, 57–58

purpose and profits

, 51–53

shifting expectations for business by society

, 50–51

strategic communication as corporate conscience

, 58–59

Quality of practice

, 197

Quarter-over-quarter comparison

, 119

Quarterly basis, financial statements on

, 119

Quarterly earnings calls

, 148–150

Quarterly SEC filings

, 150

Quiet period

, 108, 146

Radical transparency

, 70

Re-investing retained profits

, 99

Reed Hastings

, 97, 149

Referees for financial reporting and disclosures

, 117–118

Regulation Fair Disclosure (Reg FD)

, 145

Request for information (RFI)

, 169

Request for proposal (RFP)

, 169

Research and development (R&D)

, 124

Responsible capitalism

, 65

Retainer

, 167

Return on sales

, (see Operating margin)

Revenue(s)

, 23, 115, 122

growth

, 24

Road show

, 108–109, 149

Robert Mondavi

, 199

Rule setters for financial reporting and disclosures

, 117–118

S-corporation (S-corp)

, 88–89

“S-team”

, 85

S4 Capital

, 162

Safe harbor language

, 152

Sales, general and administrative (SG&A)

, 124

Sales

, (see Revenues)

Salesforce. com

, 20, 24

Sarbanes–Oxley Act (2002)

, 144

SarbOx (SOX)

, (see Sarbanes–Oxley Act (2002))

Scaled Agile Framework

, 36

Schedule 13D filing

, 147

Scrum, Extreme Programming

, 36

SD Learning Consortium (SDLC)

, 38–39

Second language, benefits of becoming fluent

, 135

Secondary offering

, 107

Securities

, 105

Securities Act (1933)

, 144

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

, 100, 107–108, 117–118, 140–141, 147–149

Securities Exchange Act (1934)

, (see Securities Act (1933))

Securities laws and regulation fair disclosure

, 143–146

Selective disclosure

, 147, 145, 149

Sell securities

, 105

Selling securities

, 143

Senior leaders

, 202

Senior vice president (SVP)

, 180

Shareholder

, 82

activism

, 80, 88

capitalism

, 65

equity

, 131–132

institutionalized influence of

, 87–90

primacy

, 65, 69

theory

, 67–71

Shark Tank (ABC television show)

, 204

Shelton, Helen C.

, 59

Short-term profits

, 51

Siegel, Barby K.

, 27

Sierra, Rodrigo A.

, 155–156

“Single bottom line” profits

, 67

Six Sigma method of process

, 36

Skepticism

, 57

Slack Technologies

, 109

Smith, Robert F.

, 204

“Socialism”

, 57

Sorrell, Martin (founder and former CEO of WPP plc)

, 79

Specialized auction platform

, 101

Specialty agency

, 161

Spokespeople

, 139

Spotify Technology

, 20, 109

Sprints

, 38

Square and Venmo (PayPal)

, 20

St. Louis Business

, 13

Stagwell Group

, 162

Stakeholders

, 3, 85, 115, 135, 152

capitalism

, 65

and strategic communications

, 75–76

theory

, 67–71

Standard and Poor’s 500 index (S&P 500)

, 33, 72, 104

State Street

, 104

Global Advisors

, 118

Stock(s)

, 99–100

charts

, 133

exchange

, 101–103, 106

market

, 101–104, 206

StockX

, 101

Stockholders’ equity

, (see Shareholders—equity)

“Story-telling”

, 112

Strategic communication

, 4–7, 13, 20, 100, 135, 208, (see also In-house communication)

agency and consultancy landscape

, 162–165

agency business models

, 165–168

agency–client relationship

, 159–160

business transformations and

, 27–29

as corporate conscience

, 58–59

corporate governance and

, 90–91

defining business acumen in

, 9–11

disruptive forces to agency and consultancy business models

, 170–173

groups

, 164

media, marketing and communication ecosystem

, 160–162

opportunity for strategic communication to lead

, 29

and organizational agility

, 40–44

pitching and winning new business

, 168–170

professional

, 34, 54, 66, 116, 132, 135, 140, 153

stakeholder capitalism and

, 75–76

students

, 201

Strategic communicators

, 59, 118, 190

Strategic decision making

, 4, 199

Strategic imperative for organizations

, 67

Strategic management function and Business Acumen

, 7–9

Strategy

, 25

Stubhub

, 101

Supporting business transformations

, 28

Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB)

, 118

Sustainable, responsible and impact investing funds (SRI investing funds)

, 50

Sustainable capitalism

, 65

Sutton, Leslie

, 190

Talent

attraction

, 16

development

, 202

Tanaka, Patrice

, 52

Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TFCD)

, 118

Tax-exempt organizations

, 121

Technological innovations

, 171

Technology

, 38

Technology evolution

, 21

Tencent

, 21

Tesla

, 20–21, 139–140

The Agile Manifesto

, 36

The Big Short (film)

, 205

The Financial Times

, 79

The Holmes Report

, 184

The Innovator’s Dilemma

, 25

The LAGRANT Foundation (TLF)

, 172

The Last Dance (documentary series)

, 208

The Lean Startup

, 36

The Power List

, 180

Ticker symbol

, 102

Top business leaders

, 204

Top-line performance

, 23

Toyota production system

, 35

“Transformation”

, 28

Transparency

, 139

Trowery, Bjorn

, 186

Truth in Securities Act

, (see Securities Act (1933))

Twitter

, 21

U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission

, 88, 107–108, 145

Uber

, 20

Unilever Sustainable Living Plan

, 66

US corporate boardrooms

, 82

US Department of Agriculture (USDA)

, 141

US general corporate law

, 82

US-based IPOs

, 107

Utilization rate

, 167

Valuation

, 132, 134

Value(s)

, 53–56, 59

proposition

, 173

Van Bergen, Karen

, 175–176

Vanguard

, 104

Venture capital

, 26

firms

, 105

Vice president (VP)

, 180

Vicious cycle

, 23

Virtue signalling

, 57

Virtuous cycle

, 23

Vision

, 53–56

Volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (VUCA)

, 44

Wall Street

, 102–106, 139

Waller, Valerie Barker

, 137–138

Walmart

, 19

Walton, Sam

, 19

“Waterfall” methodology

, 38

Weber Shandwick

, 75

WeWork

, 107–108

Wheeless, Charlene

, 203

WSJ. com

, 133

Xiaomi

, 21

Yahoo! Finance

, 133

Year-over-year annual comparison of performance (YoY annual comparison of performance)

, 119

Younger professionals

, 200–201

YouTube

, 21

Zeno Group

, 27

Zenoids

, 27

Zero-based budgeting (ZBB)

, 66, 189