Index
Entrepreneurship Development in the Balkans: Perspective from Diverse Contexts
ISBN: 978-1-83753-455-5, eISBN: 978-1-83753-454-8
Publication date: 25 September 2023
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
(2023), "Index", Ramadani, V., Kjosev, S. and Sergi, B.S. (Ed.) Entrepreneurship Development in the Balkans: Perspective from Diverse Contexts (Lab for Entrepreneurship and Development), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 303-315. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83753-454-820231016
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2023 Veland Ramadani, Sasho Kjosev and Bruno S. Sergi
INDEX
Acceleration of Digital Management
, 188
ACT Accounting
, 123
Act on Accounting of Non-Profit Organizations
, 119
Act on Associations
, 119
Act on Commercial Companies
, 119
Act on Cooperatives
, 119
Act on Credit Institutions
, 119
Act on Croatian Veterans of the Homeland War and Members of Their Families
, 119
Act on Foundations
, 119
Act on Institutions
, 119
Act on Professional Rehabilitation and Employment of Persons with Disabilities
, 119
ACT Printlab
, 123
Administrative Court of Montenegro
, 45
Adriatic-Ionian Strategy
, 177
Advice for Small Business facility
, 43
Agency for Social Business Promotion
, 37
Agency for Support of Civil Society, The
, 38
Agency for Support of Entrepreneurship
, 48
Ajzen’s model of entrepreneurial intention
, 16
Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior
, 17
Albania
, 37
financial dimension
, 38
institutional dimension
, 38
legal dimension
, 38
non-financial support and access to resources
, 38
political dimension
, 37
Republic of
, 71, 74
social dimension
, 39
Albanian government
, 86
Annual National Employment Action Plan
, 49
APS
, 214
Archival Case Study Design
, 139–140
Archival research
, 139
Association, The
, 123
Association for Creative Development Slap
, 122
Athens municipality
, 141
Attitude-based beliefs
, 18
Automation
, 132
Balkan Economic Forum
, 1, 3
Balkan Peninsula
, 2, 11
Balkans
, 2–3
countries
, 4
region
, 2
Beyond Barriers Association Albania
, 39
Bibliometric analysis
, 277
Bibliometric tools
, 276
Big Data Analytics
, 137
Binary logistic regression
, 9
results from
, 112
Bio-ecosystem
, 82
BioLab Tehnopolis
, 181
Biotechnology Laboratory
, 181
Blockchain documentation transaction system (BDTS)
, 136
Blockchain technology
, 136
Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH)
, 39, 83, 90
BiH
, 90
current EES in
, 90
EES in BiH
, 86–90
entrepreneurial activities in
, 84–85
entrepreneurship ecosystem in
, 86–89
entrepreneurship in
, 84–86
financial support
, 41
future
, 90–91
importance of
, 83–84
institutional dimension
, 40
legal dimension
, 40
non-financial support and access to resources
, 41
overview of entrepreneurship in BiH
, 84–86
political dimension
, 39–40
social dimension
, 41
“Brain drain” phenomenon
, 189
Branding
, 290
British Standard Institute (BSI)
, 207
Business
and entrepreneurship
, 48
environment
, 153
ideas concretizations
, 8
incubators
, 11, 180
models
, 132
Business and Investment Development Strategy
, 37
Business Environment Enterprise Performance Surveys (BEEPS)
, 74
Business Start-Up Center Bar
, 180
Business Start-Up Centre (BSCK)
, 43
Capitalist market economy
, 85
Centrality feature
, 279
Centre for Competitiveness Promotion (CCP)
, 39
Certification
, 76
Challenges
, 83
Chamber of Commerce of Piraeus
, 141
Chi-square statistics
, 103
Childhood socialization
, 20
Children
, 20
Circular economy
, 290
Citizenship by Investment Program in Montenegro, The
, 190
Civil sector
, 37, 43
Civil society organisations
, 41
Cloud computing
, 137
Co-authoring
, 277
Co-authorship analysis
, 278, 283
Co-occurrence word analysis
, 278
Coefficient of green entrepreneurship
, 76
Coefficient of innovation
, 76
Coefficient of variable
, 76
Collaboration
, 202
Community farming
, 265
Comparative analysis of SE Development in Western Balkan
, 66–70
Competitiveness of Entrepreneurship and SMEs (COSME)
, 178
Concept development support
, 102, 104, 105
for entrepreneurship
, 99–100
Consumer preferences
, 203
Contemporary economists
, 134
Control variables
, 102, 104
Cooperative, The
, 124
Corporate entrepreneurship
, 5, 288–289
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
, 43, 198
COSME
, 177
Council of Europe
, 3
COVID-19
, 132
Cox and Snell R2
, 229
Croatia
perspective of social entrepreneurship
, 124–128
positive practice of social entrepreneurship in
, 122–124
in Social Entrepreneurship Development Strategy
, 125
social entrepreneurship in
, 118–128
“Crowding out” effect
, 253
Danube Strategy
, 177
Data Center Tehnopolis
, 181
Data collection sources
, 139
Decade of Entrepreneurship (2017)
, 50
Decision-making process
, 19, 123
Demand
, 89
Demographics
, 91
Density feature
, 279
Dependent variable
, 75, 103, 158
Descriptive statistics
and correlations
, 111
of sample
, 169
DESI index
, 268
Development Fund, The
, 45
Diffusion of Innovations Framework
, 134
Digital and technology entrepreneurship
, 5
Digital connectivity
, 135, 145
Digital entrepreneurship
, 135, 267
in Greek maritime industry
, 140–145
in Greek maritime sector
, 138–139
Digital marketing channels
, 175
Digital nomads as form of entrepreneurial activity in Montenegro
, 189–190
Digital platforms
, 136
Digital strategies
, 141
Digital technology
, 135–136
Digital tools
, 136
Digital transformation
, 132–133, 267
in maritime industry
, 136–137
Digitalization
, 132, 136, 266–270
of shipping industry
, 133
Digitization
, 267
Disbursement accounting (DA)
, 142
Disbursements
, 140
Disruption through technology
, 141
Disruptive innovation
in Greek maritime industry
, 140–145
in Greek maritime sector
, 138–139
in maritime industry
, 136–137
Disruptive Innovation Theory
, 134
Document analysis
, 36, 277–278, 283
corporate entrepreneurship
, 288–289
entrepreneurship in family businesses
, 287–288
gender and entrepreneurship
, 286–287
immigrant/refugee entrepreneurship
, 290–291
SMEs
, 289–290
social entrepreneurship
, 289
sustainable entrepreneurship
, 291–292
Doing Business Report (2019)
, 87, 90
Dual Education in Montenegro Higher Education (DUALMON)
, 183
Eco-entrepreneur
, 265
Eco-entrepreneurship (see Ecopreneurship)
Eco-innovation
, 265
peculiarities
, 266
types
, 266
Ecolog
, 205–207
Ecological/environmental activities
, 122
Econometric model
, 160
Economic citizenship as form of stimulating entrepreneurship
, 190
Ecopreneur
, 265
Ecopreneurship
, 265–266
Ecosystem
, 86
Education
, 202–203
system
, 50
Educational system
, 36, 257
Empirical research
, 98
Employment Agency
, 45, 186
Employment and Skills Strategy
, 37
Employment and Social Policies Strategy
, 42
Enterprise Resource Planning and Voyage Estimation Systems
, 144
Entrepreneurial activity
, 215–217
in BiH
, 84–85
female entrepreneurship as growing form of entrepreneurial activity in Montenegro
, 185–188
Entrepreneurial ecosystem (EES)
, 82–83
in BiH
, 86–90
future
, 90–91
importance of
, 83–84
overview of entrepreneurship in BiH
, 84–86
Entrepreneurial implementation intentions
background and hypotheses
, 97
contributions and future research lines
, 105–106
empirical findings
, 103–105
goal and implementation intentions and Rubicon Model of action phases
, 97–98
research methodology
, 101–103
university antecedents of implementation intentions
, 98–101
Entrepreneurial intentions
, 16–17, 96
entrepreneurial parents and offspring’s entrepreneurial intentions
, 19–21
literature review
, 16
methodology
, 21–22
research limitations
, 28
results
, 22–27
theory of
, 17–19
Entrepreneurial intents
, 16
Entrepreneurial leadership
, 132
Entrepreneurial learning in development of entrepreneurial activity in Montenegro, importance of
, 182–183
Entrepreneurial management
, 116
Entrepreneurial parents and offspring’s entrepreneurial intentions
, 19–21
Entrepreneurial potential
, 183
Entrepreneurial process
, 5, 16–17, 98
Entrepreneurial role models
, 101, 103
Entrepreneurial self-efficacy
, 216–217
Entrepreneurial ventures
, 117, 242
Entrepreneurs
, 8, 70
Entrepreneurship
, 1, 15, 114–117, 178, 183, 197, 276
analysis of role and importance of entrepreneurship development in Montenegro
, 172–174
in Balkans
, 4–8
comparison of entrepreneurship development with Balkan Countries
, 85–86
concept development support for
, 99–100
culture
, 86
economic citizenship as form of stimulating entrepreneurship
, 190
ecosystem
, 83
education
, 102, 106
entrepreneurial activities in BiH
, 84–85
entrepreneurship-related human capital
, 99
in family businesses
, 287–288
functions
, 115
immigrant entrepreneurship and digital nomads as form of entrepreneurial activity in Montenegro
, 189–190
process
, 83
recommendations and suggestions for development of
, 190–192
in Serbia
, 238
social entrepreneurship
, 188–189
specific forms of
, 188
support programs
, 99
Entrepreneurship Portal
, 246
Environmental issues
, 69
Environmental management
, 198
Environmental Management System (EMS)
, 207
Environmental strategies
, 74
Erasmus
, 41
Established business ownership rate (EBOR)
, 252
Ethical entrepreneurship
, 276
Ethnic entrepreneurship
, 5
Ethos justification
, 289
Euclid Network Initiative
, 122
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
, 74, 152, 182
European Commission, The
, 34, 50, 128, 189
European Social Enterprise Monitor (ESEM)
, 122
European Union (EU)
, 3, 34, 97, 173, 261
EU 2020 Strategy
, 177
EU-controlled tonnage
, 132
IPA programs
, 47
membership
, 90–91
Experiential process
, 105
Expert Group for Economic Empowerment of Women
, 185
Facility in Gracanica
, 43
Family
, 19
background
, 21
business environment
, 16, 22
business experience
, 23
enterprises
, 16, 21
influences
, 21
and Social Policy
, 127
Fear of failure
, 219
Federation of BiH entity, The
, 89
Female entrepreneurial activity (FEA)
, 220
Female entrepreneurship as growing form of entrepreneurial activity in Montenegro
, 185–188
Finance
, 49, 89
Financial programs to support entrepreneurship development
, 178–182
Financial support
, 179
First Investment Bank and International Commercial Bank
, 38
Flat-rate taxation
, 250
Foreign direct investments (FDI)
, 11, 82
on entrepreneurship in Serbia
, 251–257
Foreign ownership
, 76
Formal institutions
, 86, 89, 155
Forum for Civil Initiatives (FIQ)
, 43
Founders Choice
, 132
Functionality
, 142
Fund for Innovation and Technology Development
, 48
Funding programs
, 11
Gender
differences
, 215–217
and entrepreneurship
, 286–287
gap
, 215
German Technical Assistance (GIZ)
, 47, 88
Global Compact Principle
, 43
Global economic crisis
, 2
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)
, 5, 214
Global shipping industry
, 132
Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey (GUESSS)
, 8, 21
Government’s Strategy for Cooperation with Civil Society (2013–2017)
, 42
Governments
, 34, 86, 89–91
of Montenegro
, 186
Grant funding
, 42
Grant programmes
, 49
Greece
, 132, 135
digital ecosystem
, 132
Greek digital entrepreneurs
, 132
journey of
, 140
Greek ecosystem
, 132
Greek maritime industry
background
, 133–134
digital entrepreneurship and disruptive innovation in
, 138–145
digital transformation and disruptive innovation in maritime industry
, 136–137
literature review
, 135
maritime shipping digitization
, 135–136
research method
, 139–140
The Case of Harbor Lab
, 140–145
theoretical framework
, 134–135
Greek shipowners
, 141
Green entrepreneur
, 265
Green entrepreneurship, (see also Informal entrepreneurship; Social entrepreneurship (SE))
, 5, 71–72
and performance
, 73
challenges facing
, 73–74
literature review
, 71
methodology
, 74–76
regression results
, 76–77
Green process innovation
, 73
Green product innovation
, 73
Greenfield FDI
, 255
Greenfield investments
, 253
Gross domestic product (GDP)
, 238, 261
Hands cooperative
, 123
Harbor Lab (software)
, 140–141
case of
, 140
as disruptor in maritime industry
, 141–144
founder
, 140
future
, 144–145
workplace
, 143
HarborLab Academy
, 143
Hellenic Shipping Chamber
, 141
Helvetas Enhancing Youth Employment project
, 43
High-Impact Low-Probability (HILP)
, 11
events
, 242–245
High-tech FDI
, 255
HORIZON 2020
, 177–178
Horizontal trust and informal entrepreneurship
, 156–157
Hosmer and Lemeshow test
, 229
Huber–White sandwich estimation
, 160
Human capital
, 288
Hybrid Power Project
, 207
Immigrant entrepreneurship and digital nomads as form of entrepreneurial activity in Montenegro
, 189–190
Immigrant/refugee entrepreneurship
, 290–291
Impact Hub Belgrade
, 50
Implementation intentions
, 98
Independent theory of planned behavior components
, 17
Independent variables
, 75, 103, 158–159
Individual entrepreneur
, 84
Individual entrepreneurship
, 84
Individualistic approach of entrepreneurship
, 82
Industrial Policy of Montenegro (2019–2023)
, 176
Industry 4.0
, 145
Industry ties
, 101–102, 104
Informal business
, 157
Informal economy
, 154, 163
Informal entrepreneurship (see Green entrepreneurship; Social entrepreneurship (SE))
, 156
data and sample
, 157–158
dependent variable
, 158
econometric model
, 160
empirical analysis
, 158
horizontal and vertical trust and informal entrepreneurship
, 156–157
implications for policymakers
, 163–164
independent variables
, 158–159
institutions and
, 155
limitations and future suggestions
, 164
literature review
, 153
methodology
, 157
principal component analysis
, 159–160
results
, 160–162
Informal institutions
, 155
Information and communication technologies (ICT)
, 182
Information technologies (IT)
, 11, 81
entrepreneurship in Serbia
, 245–251
Innovation
, 73, 75, 89, 201
activities
, 76
inducement
, 257
project
, 87
Innovation and Entrepreneurship Center Tehnopolis
, 180
Innovation Centre Kosovo (ICK)
, 43
Innovation Fund of Montenegro
, 181, 190
Innovativeness
, 264
Institutional approach
, 152
Institutional framework of entrepreneurship development support
, 174–178
Institutional theory
, 153
Institutional trust variables
, 161
Institutions
, 35, 153
and informal entrepreneurship
, 155
Instrument of Pre-Accession (IPA)
, 41, 50
Integrative workshop
, 119
Intention-centered theory
, 17
Intermediate services
, 87, 89
International Monetary Fund
, 3
International Organisation of Migration (IOM)
, 43
International organizations
, 3
Internet of Things (IoT)
, 137
Intrapreneurship
, 262–265
Investigator triangulation team
, 140
Investment and Development Fund of Montenegro
, 186
Joint stock company (JSC)
, 247
Keynesian model of social democracy
, 114
Knowing other entrepreneurs
, 218–219
Knowledge
, 99
Knowledge-based FDI
, 255
Kosovo
, 41
financial support
, 42–43
institutional dimension
, 42
legal dimension
, 42
non-financial support and access to resources
, 43
political dimension
, 42
social dimension
, 43–44
Kosovo Academy of Sciences and Arts, The
, 157
Kosovo Government
, 42
Kosovo’s Law on Social Enterprises
, 42
Kosovo’s National Development Strategy (2016–2021)
, 42
Lab for Entrepreneurship and Development (LEAD)
, 1
Law on Social Entrepreneurship
, 40–41, 48–49
in Albania
, 38
Legal framework
, 38
Likelihood ratio test
, 229
Limited liability company (LLC)
, 247
Local entrepreneurship ecosystem
, 82
Logistic regression
, 103
Male entrepreneurial activity (MEA)
, 220
Maritime industry, Habor lab as disruptor in
, 141–144
Maritime informatics
, 136
Maritime logistics industry
, 133
policymakers
, 133
Maritime shipping digitization
, 135–136
Marketing eco-innovation
, 266
Maximum likelihood approach
, 103
Mergers and acquisitions (M&A)
, 253
Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME)
, 43–175
Mid-term Strategy on Corporate Social Responsibility
, 47
Migrations
, 189
Ministry of Agriculture
, 38
Ministry of Culture and Ministry of Finances and Economy of Albania, The
, 38
Ministry of Economic Development
, 187
Ministry of Economy, The
, 48, 179
Ministry of Economy and Tourism
, 174
Ministry of Health and Social Protection
, 38
Ministry of Industry, Energy, and Mining
, 88
Ministry of Labour
, 127
Ministry of Labour and Social Policy
, 46
Ministry of Science
, 179
Ministry of State for Entrepreneurship
, 38
Mobile commerce (m-commerce)
, 137
Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts (MASA)
, 173
Montenegrin Business Angel Network
, 45
Montenegrin economic theory
, 10
Montenegrin law
, 44
Montenegrin society
, 188
Montenegro
, 44, 182–183, 190–192
analysis of role and importance of entrepreneurship development in
, 172–174
case study
, 184–185
female entrepreneurship as growing form of entrepreneurial activity in Montenegro
, 185–188
financial support
, 45
immigrant entrepreneurship and digital nomads as form of entrepreneurial activity in
, 189–190
importance of entrepreneurial learning in development of entrepreneurial activity in
, 182–183
institutional dimension
, 45
legal dimension
, 44
non-financial support and access to resources
, 45–46
political dimension
, 44
recommendations and suggestions for further development of entrepreneurship in
, 190–192
recommendations and suggestions for further development of entrepreneurship in Montenegro
social dimension
, 46
specific forms of entrepreneurship
, 188–190
success of young people from Montenegro at prestigious EUROSKILLS competition
, 184–185
Motor themes
, 281–283
Mozaik Foundation’s Social Business Incubator, The
, 41
Multi–context analysis
analysis of role and importance of entrepreneurship development in Montenegro
, 172–174
importance of entrepreneurial learning in development of entrepreneurial activity in
institutional and strategic framework of entrepreneurship development support
, 174–178
state measures
, 178–182
Nagelkerke R2
, 229
National Center, The
, 48
National Deinstitutionalisation Strategy
, 47
National Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia until 2030’
, 127
National Expert Survey (NES)
, 214
National macro policies
, 37
National Partnership
, 176
National Small and Medium Enterprise Strategy
, 47
National Strategy for Development and Integration
, 37
National Strategy for Employment and Human Resources, The
, 44
National Strategy for Employment and Skills (2014–2020)
, 37
National Strategy for Lifelong Entrepreneurial Learning of Montenegro (2020–2024)
, 176–177
National Strategy for Sustainable Development of Montenegro (2030)
, 176
National strategy of creating stimulating environment for development of civil society (2012–2016)
, 125
National Youth Action Plan (2015–2020)
, 37
National Youth Strategy, The (2015–2025)
, 49
Necessity-driven entrepreneurs (NDE)
, 242
Networks
, 86, 89
New business
, 264
New market
, 242
New Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities’ project Croatian legislation
, 119
Non-academic contacts
, 101
Non-financial programs to support entrepreneurship development
, 178–182
Non-financial support
, 180
Non-governmental organisations (NGOs)
, 34, 40
Non-motivational elements
, 18
Non-parametric techniques
, 103
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
, 3, 86
North Macedonia (NM)
, 46, 204
financial support
, 47–48
institutional dimension
, 47
legal dimension
, 46–47
non-financial support and access to resources
, 48
political dimension
, 46
social dimension
, 48
sustainable entrepreneurship in
, 204–205
Not-for-profit organisations
, 118
Offspring’s entrepreneurial intentions
, 19–21
Omnibus Test
, 229
Opportunity perception
, 217
Opportunity-driven entrepreneurs (ODE)
, 242
Ordinary Least Square (OLS)
, 71
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
, 3, 182, 186, 261
Organisations
, 50
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
, 3
Organizational culture
, 143
Organizational eco-innovation
, 266
Organizational governance
, 201–202
Organizational learning capabilities (OLC)
, 137
Overlap map
, 280
Parental role modeling
, 20–21
Paris Agreement
, 70
Pension System
, 127
Perceived behavioral control
, 18
Perceived penalties
, 163
Performance
, 263
analysis
, 277, 280–281
green entrepreneurship and
, 73
Perrett’s model
, 240
Personal Income Tax Act
, 247
Perspective of social entrepreneurship
, 124–128
Physical infrastructure
, 86, 89
Piraeus University
, 141
Planned behavior theory
, 18
Policy development
, 44
Policy documents
, 37
Policymakers
, 12
implications for
, 163–164
Political instability
, 39
Political pluralization
, 85
Port analysis
, 142
Positive entrepreneurial role models
, 101
Positive practice of social entrepreneurship in Croatia
, 122–124
Pre-venture process
, 105
Predatory entrepreneur
, 8
Prestigious EuroSkills competition, success of young people from Montenegro at
, 184–185
Principal component analysis (PCA)
, 158–160
Proactive entrepreneurs
, 115
Proactive personality
, 17
Process eco-innovation
, 266
Product eco-innovation
, 266
Product innovation
, 264
Productive entrepreneurship
, 165
Program for the Improvement of the Competitiveness of the Economy
, 179
Project EcoCompetitive
, 123
Protective workshop
, 119
Qualitative approach
, 139
Qualitative methodology
, 36
Quota sampling technique
, 102
Regional Development Strategy (2014–2020)
, 176
Regional Incubator for Social Entrepreneurs, The
, 41
Regional networking
, 41
Regression
analysis
, 163, 222
results
, 76–77
Reliance
, 4
Renewable energy
, 122
Republic of Albania (ALB)
, 9
Republic of Croatia
, 119, 126
Republic of North Macedonia, The
, 46
Republika Srpska
, 39–40, 51
Reputation
, 290
Research design incorporated investigator triangulation
, 140
Research–intensive universities
, 105
Revenue and Customs Administration of Montenegro
, 172
Revised Employment and Social Reform Programme
, 47
Robust standard error technique
, 160
Role modeling
, 20
Romania
, 214
data and variables
, 219–222
literature review
, 215–219
methodological approach
, 219–222
regression analysis
, 222
results and interpretation
, 222–229
Rubicon model of action phases
, 96–97
goal and implementation intentions and
, 97–98
Rules of the game in society
, 152–153
Rural Hub Vrmdza
, 50
Scientific evolution structure of entrepreneurship
, 283
SciMAT
, 278–279
Sector’s development
, 35, 44
in Montenegro
, 45
Self-confidence
, 217–218
Self-recognised SEs
, 51
Self-renewal
, 264
Serbia
, 48, 238
dataset
, 238–239
dynamics in entrepreneurship sector
, 240–242
FDI on entrepreneurship in Serbia
, 251–257
financial support
, 49–50
HILP events
, 242–245
institutional dimension
, 49
IT entrepreneurship in Serbia
, 245–251
legal dimension
, 49
non-financial support and access to resources
, 50
political dimension
, 48–49
social dimension
, 50
start-up skills in
, 238
strategic framework and financial support for development of entrepreneurship
, 239–240
Serbian Business Register Agency
, 238, 240
Serbian entrepreneurship
, 238
Shipping 4.0
, 137
Shipping companies
, 141
Shipping process
, 145
Simple Centers Algorithm for clustering
, 279
Single-subject cases
, 140
Skills
, 99
Slovenia
, 261
findings
, 270–271
literature review
, 262–270
methods
, 270
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs)
, 38, 172, 289–290
Development Strategy (2012–2016)
, 42
sector
, 214
Small Business Act (SBA)
, 174, 177
Small businesses
, 1
Small economic systems
, 173
Smart Specialization Strategy of Montenegro (2019–2024)
, 176–177
Social activities
, 122
Social capital
, 115
Social companies
, 45
Social cooperative Humana Nova
, 124
Social dimension
, 36
Social eco-innovation
, 266
Social economy
, 49
Social enterprises
, 119–120
development
, 42
ecosystem
, 43
Social entrepreneurs
, 114–118
types of
, 120
Social Entrepreneurs Forum (SEFOR)
, 123
Social entrepreneurship (SE), (see also Informal entrepreneurship)
, 5, 34, 40, 127, 188–189, 291
comparative analysis of SE Development in Western Balkan
, 66–70
concept
, 125
in Croatia
, 118–128
culture
, 35
Development in Western Balkans
, 58–65
ecosystem
, 35, 43, 126
education
, 41
entity
, 49
intentions
, 36
method
, 36–37
perspective of
, 124–128
positive practice of social entrepreneurship in Croatia
, 122–124
research development
, 34–36
and social entrepreneur
, 114–118
in Western Balkans
, 37–50
Social Entrepreneurship Council
, 48
Social Entrepreneurship Development Program
, 48
Social Entrepreneurship Development Strategy
, 121, 126–127
Social Inclusion Strategy, The
, 39–40
Social networks
, 103
Social norms
, 21
Social responsibility
, 199
Social system
, 19
Social values
, 134
Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRJ)
, 84
Socialist Republic of BiH
, 84
Southeast Europe Strategy (2020)
, 177
State incentives
, 51
Statistical Office in 2012
, 49
STEM students
, 99, 102, 104
Strategic entrepreneurship
, 276
Strategic framework of entrepreneurship development support
, 174–178
Strategic Guidelines for the Development of SMEs (2018–2021)
, 177
Strategy for Cooperation of the Government with the Civil Society Sector (2012–2017)
, 49
Strategy for Decentralisation of Social Services (2013–2017)
, 42
Strategy for Development of Lifelong Entrepreneurial Learning (2020–2024)
, 176
Strategy for Development of Social Enterprises, The
, 46–47
Strategy for Development of Social Entrepreneurship in Republic of Croatia (2015 to 2020)
, 125
Strategy for Development of Women Entrepreneurship
, 47, 187
Strategy for Lifelong Entrepreneurial Learning of Montenegro (2020–2024)
, 182
Strategy for Supporting Innovation and Entrepreneurship (2019–2023)
, 42
Strategy for the Development of Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Montenegro, The (2018–2022)
, 175
Strategy for the Development of Social Entrepreneurship (2015–2020)
, 9
Strategy of Scientific Research Activity (2017–2021)
, 176
Streamlined process
, 142
Sustainability
, 69–70, 132, 138, 145
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
, 207
Sustainable Development Goals Agenda (2030)
, 70
Sustainable economic performance
, 154
Sustainable entrepreneurship (SE)
, 5, 70–71, 198, 291–292
concept and definition
, 199–200
drivers
, 201–203
Ecolog
, 205–207
economic dimension
, 71
environmental dimension
, 71
future research agenda
, 208–209
managerial implications
, 207–208
in NM
, 204–205
social dimension
, 70–71
Sustainable tourism
, 122
Sustainable waste management
, 122
Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation
, 47
Swiss Embassy’s Youth Employment Project, The
, 39
System eco-innovation
, 266
Tax incentives
, 11
Tech start-ups
, 132
TechLab Tehnopolis
, 181
Technological eco-innovation
, 266
Technology
, 137
innovation
, 264
models
, 132
technology-based business
, 102
technology-based entrepreneurial implementation intentions
, 104
technology-based entrepreneurship
, 96–97, 101
Tehnopolis
, 173
Thematic development map
, 280
Theme and evolution analysis
, 277, 281–283
Total early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA)
, 215, 220, 252
of Balkans countries
, 7
index
, 5
Trace International
, 206
Trade Economics (2023)
, 90
Transformation process
, 105
Transitional period
, 2
Triple-bottom line
, 70
Türkiye
, 276
findings
, 280–292
limitations and future research
, 293–295
methods
, 277–280
policy implications
, 293
theoretical implications
, 292–293
United Nations (UN)
, 34
United Nations Development Program (UNDP)
, 39, 43, 47, 86, 187
United Nations Global Compact (UNGC)
, 205
University antecedents of implementation intentions
, 98
concept development support for entrepreneurship
, 99–100
entrepreneurship education
, 98–99
industry ties
, 101
university research intensity
, 100–101
University of Montenegro
, 181
University research intensity
, 100–102, 104–105
Up to Youth project
, 43
USAID Aid Program
, 47
Variable Inflated Factor (VIF)
, 160
Vertical trust
, 161, 164
and informal entrepreneurship
, 156–157
Web of Science (WoS)
, 11
Western Balkans
, 183
Albania
, 37–39
Bosnia and Herzegovina
, 39–41
comparative analysis of SE Development in
, 66–70
Kosovo
, 41–44
Montenegro
, 44–46
national governments
, 34
North Macedonia
, 46–48
SE
, 34, 58–65
Serbia
, 48–50
Women entrepreneurship
, 5
Work integration of SEs
, 49
Work Integration Social Enterprise (WISE)
, 119
Work Programme of Government (2021)
, 46
Workplace culture, disruption through
, 143
World Bank
, 3
World Bank Group
, 74
World Investment Report (WIR)
, 251
World Trade Organization
, 3
Year of Entrepreneurship (2016)
, 50
Young ecosystem
, 40
Young Entrepreneur Albania (YEA)
, 39
Younger generations
, 11
- Prelims
- Chapter 1: Entrepreneurship Development in the Balkans: Past, Present, and Future
- Chapter 2: Family Ties Shaping the Entrepreneurial Intentions
- Chapter 3: How is Social Entrepreneurship Pursuing the Path of Development? Regional Perspectives in the Western Balkans
- Chapter 4: Green Entrepreneurship and Firm Performance: The Case of Albania
- Chapter 5: Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Perspectives and Challenges
- Chapter 6: Entrepreneurial Implementation Intentions Among Bulgarian STEM Students: Facilitators and Constraints
- Chapter 7: Social Entrepreneurship: Perspective of Croatia
- Chapter 8: Digital Entrepreneurship and Disruptive Innovation in the Greek Maritime Industry: the Case of Harbor Lab
- Chapter 9: Informal Entrepreneurship in Kosovo: An Institutionalist Approach
- Chapter 10: Multi-Context Analysis of the Environment for the Development of Entrepreneurship in Montenegro
- Chapter 11: Sustainable Entrepreneurship in North Macedonia: Challenges and Perspectives
- Chapter 12: Gender Differences in Early-stage Entrepreneurship: The Case of Romanian Entrepreneurs
- Chapter 13: Development of Entrepreneurship in Serbia: Main External Factors and Influences
- Chapter 14: Intrapreneurship, Ecopreneurship, and Digitalization in Slovenia
- Chapter 15: Entrepreneurship Studies in Türkiye: Where are We? Where Should We Go? Analysis of International Publications
- Index