Reference section identification of construction specifications by a deep structured semantic model
Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management
ISSN: 0969-9988
Article publication date: 14 June 2022
Issue publication date: 27 November 2023
Abstract
Purpose
Contractors must check the provisions that may cause disputes in the specifications to manage project risks when bidding for a construction project. However, since the specification is mainly written regarding many national standards, determining which standard each section of the specification is derived from and whether the content is appropriate for the local site is a labor-intensive task. To develop an automatic reference section identification model that helps complete the specification review process in short bidding steps, the authors proposed a framework that integrates rules and machine learning algorithms.
Design/methodology/approach
The study begins by collecting 7,795 sections from construction specifications and the national standards from different countries. Then, the collected sections were retrieved for similar section pairs with syntactic rules generated by the construction domain knowledge. Finally, to improve the reliability and expandability of the section paring, the authors built a deep structured semantic model that increases the cosine similarity between documents dealing with the same topic by learning human-labeled similarity information.
Findings
The integrated model developed in this study showed 0.812, 0.898, and 0.923 levels of performance in NDCG@1, NDCG@5, and NDCG@10, respectively, confirming that the model can adequately select document candidates that require comparative analysis of clauses for practitioners.
Originality/value
The results contribute to more efficient and objective identification of potential disputes within the specifications by automatically providing practitioners with the reference section most relevant to the analysis target section.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the Daewoo Institute of Construction Technology, the BK21 PLUS research program of the National Research Foundation of Korea, and the Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement (KAIA) grant funded by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport (National Research for Smart Construction Technology: Grant 22SMIP-A158708-03).
Citation
Lee, G., Moon, S. and Chi, S. (2023), "Reference section identification of construction specifications by a deep structured semantic model", Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, Vol. 30 No. 9, pp. 4358-4386. https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-10-2021-0920
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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