Consensus on the definition of social entrepreneurship: a content analysis approach
ISSN: 0025-1747
Article publication date: 3 March 2020
Issue publication date: 12 December 2020
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to reach academic consensus on key factors and boundaries used in defining the concepts of “social entrepreneurship” (SEsh), “social entrepreneur” (SE), and “social enterprise” (SEV). This study also explores the complex relationships among social/business enterprises, definitional categories and factors, missions, and impacts on effectiveness of practices and organizing for venture success.
Design/methodology/approach
Content analysis is conducted on articles published from 1998 to 2016 in peer-reviewed academic journals in the fields of management and organization. Furthermore, 80 articles are obtained and analyzed in terms of factors and frequently used terms for unified definitions and their intertwined linkages.
Findings
The unifying factors for the definitions of SEsh, SE, and SEV include primary mission and processes and resources. Strong linkages are observed between SEsh and actors, SE and characteristics, and SEV and organizational form. Results indicate that definitional categories and factors share numerous joint terms that can be used to propose unified definitions. This study identifies the effective interactions of variables among social mission, capabilities to manage resources and processes, entrepreneurial characteristics of actors, and forms of ventures in a process that provides potential for organizational sustainability and impact maximization.
Research limitations/implications
This paper contributes to research by identifying clear and agreed-upon factors and traits as boundaries to propose definitions that can advance the legitimacy of social entrepreneurship as an academic field worthy of future exploration.
Practical implications
The findings emphasize social mission that achieves public benefits while preventing mission drift. Economic value and choice of organizational form can advance the fulfillment of objectives and governance practices. This study also presents the key influencing factors at various stages of an entrepreneurial process to determine how these concepts interact to increase the likelihood of organizational emergence and survival.
Originality/value
This work is the first to systematically review management and organizational literature on the key factors and terms that constitute the distinct definitions of SEsh, SE, and SEV and help clarify their complex relations in an entrepreneurial process.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the reviewer and the editor for insightful comments and suggestions on previous drafts of this study and acknowledge the financial support of Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 104-2511-S-003-031-MY3 and MOST 108-2511-H-344-001).
Citation
Wu, Y.J., Wu, T. and Arno Sharpe, J. (2020), "Consensus on the definition of social entrepreneurship: a content analysis approach", Management Decision, Vol. 58 No. 12, pp. 2593-2619. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-11-2016-0791
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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