Aboca

benefit corporation

, 74–78

and biodiversity

, 76–77

and SDGs

, 77–78

Activism

, 137

African pathway

, 116–122

comparative country figures

, 117

comparison of food and core inflation rates in South Africa compared to Ghana and Tanzania

, 119

comparison of informal employment and unemployment

, 118

African Union Development Agency (AUDA)

, 113–114

African Union inter-ministerial committee

, 113–114

Agrarian citizenship, metabolic rifts and

, 46–48

Agri-food capitalism

, 11–12

Agri-food corporations

, 61

Agri-food disruption and emerging transitions, responses and resistances to

, 37–40

Agri-food production

, 10

Agri-food sector

, 72–74

Agri-food systems

, 12–13, 130

public policy and multi-criteria nature of

, 9–11

Agricultural Land Reserve (ALR)

, 50, 52–53

Agriculture

, 153

Agriculture and Agro-Processing Master Plan (AAMP)

, 114

Agro-biodiversity

, 76–77

Agro-ecological techniques

, 163–164

Agroecological/organic farmers’ markets

, 135

Agroecology

, 156

Alliance for Healthy and Adequate Food

, 141

Alternative food networks

, 89

Aspirational food sovereignty

, 47

Austerity

, 26

Benefit Corporation (B Corp)

, 72

movement

, 71

rise of

, 71–72

Benefit Impact Assessment (BIA)

, 71

Bi-polar spatial model of farming practices

, 40

Bio-physical matrix

, 38

Biodiversity

Aboca and

, 76–77

of varieties

, 76–77

Biodiversity Strategy for 2030’

, 73

Black capitalist farmers

, 121

Brazilian Forum on Food and Nutrition Sovereignty and Security (FBSSAN)

, 139

Brazilian regions

, 93

Brazilian traditional food markets

, 93–96

Brexit

, 36–37

process

, 28

British EU Brexit referendum of 2016

, 27

Business in sustainable development

Aboca and biodiversity

, 76–77

Aboca and SDGs

, 77–78

agri-food sector

, 72–74

B Corp movement

, 71

case study

, 74–78

from CSR to benefit corporation

, 68–69

ESG framework

, 70–71

rise of benefit corporations

, 71–72

shared value

, 69–70

UN sustainable development goals

, 71

Campina Grande markets

, 95

Campina Grande street markets

, 94

Canadian context

, 5

Caruaru street markets

, 95

Centro Agroecológico Rosario (CAR)

, 163–164

Centro de Producciones Agroecológicas Rosario (CEPAR)

, 157–159

Cheshire Cheese

, 39

Cheshire Plain

, 39

Chicken, case of

, 32–34

Civil society

as co-manager of public policies

, 142–145

organisations

, 133

in sustainable food systems

, 5

Codes of conduct

, 68–69

Colonial agriculture

, 96

Committee on World Food Security (CFS)

, 143–144

Community

, 114–115

Conservation of agro-biodiversity

, 76–77

Conservatism

, 30

Consumerism, food and politics of modern

, 17–19

Consumers

, 14

Continued financialised oligopolisation

, 32–34

trends matter

, 34

Conventional markets

, 134–135

Cooperativa Ecológica Coolmeia

, 132–133

Coronavirus Damage Prevention Plan

, 135

Corporate and environmental regime

, 24

Corporate food regime

, responsibility and

, 55

actors

, 61

and drivers of pandemics

, 59–60

and exacerbating effects

, 60–61

risk and (ir)responsibility in

, 57–59

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)

, 67–68

from CSR to benefit corporation

, 68–69

Council of Ecological Farmers Markets (CFE)

, 135

COVID-19

, 36–37

emergence of

, 61

outbreaks

, 60

pandemic

, 59

Creating shared Value (CSV)

, 69–70

Cultural informality, between public regulation and

, 96–100

Culturally-Relevant Urban Wellness Program (CRUW Program)

, 54

De-politicisation

, 29

De-regulatory reformism

, 28

Decision making process

, 4

Decolonisation

, 55

Democracy

, 138

Democratic Anthropocene

, 25

Development model

, 152

Disaster Management Act

, 111

Disruptive governance

, 25, 28–29

Dominant economics

, 13–14

Double burden of malnutrition

, 3

Ecological Farmers’ Market (FAE)

, 136

Economic liberalism

, 30

Economically liberalist cultural system

, 31

Ecosystems

, 10

and soil biodiversity

, 76–77

Embeddedness

, 89

England

Cheshire and North Shropshire, England

, 39–40

regional cases of

, 37–40

Entitlement

, 14

Environmental, social and governance (ESG)

, 70

analysis

, 71

framework

, 70–71

Environmental dimension

, 92

Environmental health practitioners (EHPs)

, 35

European Commission

, 70

European context

, 91

European Green Deal

, 73

Export Health Certificates (EHCs)

, 35

Fabianism

, 30

Farm to Fork’ strategy designs

, 73

Farm workers

, 111

Farmer marketers

, 94

Farmers markets

, 89, 92

Farming as food system, policy tends to outdated view of

, 15–17

Farmland Defence League of BC

, 52

Farmsecure

, 110

Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

, 3

Feira Central of Campina Grande

, 93, 97–98

Feira de Caruaru

, 94

Feira do Pequeno Produtor

, 94

in Passo Fundo

, 96, 98

Feira dos Agricultores Ecológicos (FAE)

, 132–133

Fernando Henrique Cardoso (FHC)

, 139

Fighting Pesticides Day

, 133

Financial institutions

, 70–71

Financialisation

, 33

Fish in Tanzania

, 119

Fisherpersons and Artisanal Fishers Movement (MPP)

, 139–140

Food & Agriculture Organisation (FAO)

, 11

report

, 1

Voluntary Guidelines

, 57

Food

, 3–4

big data

, 13–14

businesses

, 35

governance mechanisms

, 100

insecurity in South Africa

, 118

movements

, 61–62

policy

, 9

and politics of modern consumerism

, 17–19

production

, 1–2

progress

, 10–11

regime analysis

, 56–57

role of state in

, 7–9

rural-urban relations and governance of

, 85–87

Food Acquisition Program (PAA)

, 131

Food and nutrition security (FNS)

, 133

Food markets

, 88–89, 115

towards institutional approach on governance of

, 88–90

Food security

, 111–112, 153

and sustainability

, 90

Food sovereignty

, 156–157

corporate food regime and drivers of pandemics

, 59–60

corporate food regime and exacerbating effects

, 60–61

locating responsibility in

, 46–48

metro Vancouver’s urban agrarians

, 49–50

reciprocity, responsibility and indigenous food sovereignty

, 53–55

relational corporate responsibility

, 59

responsibilities to mobilise beyond Metro Vancouver

, 52–53

responsibility and corporate food regime

, 55

responsibility to mobilise for land in Richmond

, 51–52

responsibility to mobilise for land in Vancouver

, 50–51

rethinking ‘risk and responsibility’

, 56–57

risk and (ir)responsibility in corporate food regime

, 57–59

two illustrations of responsibility and

, 48

urban agrarianism as responsibility

, 48–49

Food Standard Agency (FSA)

, 35

Food systems

, 46, 120

approach

, 109

in Ghana

, 117–118

policy tends to outdated view of farming as

, 15–17

in Tanzania

, 117–118

Food Systems Summit

, 4, 130

Foodsheds

, 89

Forum for Food Sovereignty (2007)

, 47

Fostering new rural-urban relationships

Brazilian traditional food markets

, 93–96

governance matters

, 96–100

and governance of food

, 85–87

towards institutional approach on governance of food markets

, 88–90

traditional food markets foster

, 90–93

Foundational economy

, 8–9

Front-line public sector bodies

, 35

Fruits

, 3

Futuregrowth Investment Fund

, 110

Gated housing ‘communities’

, 8–9

Geografia da fome

, 136

Geopolitica da fome

, 136

Global agri-food systems

, 5–6

Global food sovereignty movement

, 5, 47

Global food system

, 1–2

Global Footprint Network

, 11

Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)

, 68–69

Global South

, 91

Global Syndemic

, 3

Globalised climate regime

, 26

Governance

, 84, 86–87, 90, 143

of food, rural-urban relations and

, 85–87

of food markets, towards institutional approach on

, 88–90

mechanisms, bargain, price, quality and variety as institutions and

, 93–96

mechanisms

, 96

Green Deal’ development

, 29

Green Revolution

, 137

Greenhouse gas emissions (GHG emissions)

, 11

GRI Sustainability Reporting Standards (GRI Standards)

, 68–69

Gross domestic product (GDP)

, 19

Health Care Reform Movement

, 137–138

Health food systems

, 12

High-Level Panel of Experts on Food and Nutrition Security (HLPE)

, 143

Hot’ meats

, 95

Huerta Parks (HP)

, 160

Human and Agro-ecological Rural Development (DRHA)

, 158

Humanity

, 11–12

Hunger

, 130, 136

Hunger Map

, 138–140

Hydro-development project

, 52

In land-based communities

, 54

Income-generating practises for gardening families

, 163–164

Indigenous communities

, 54

Indigenous Health Research and Education Garden

, 54

Indigenous ontologies

, 54

Indigenous sovereignty

, 54

Industrial ‘dark’ kitchens

, 16

Industrial agriculture

, 2–3

Informal markets

, 91

Informal sector

food selling

, 111

workers

, 114–115

Instituto de Sociología y Estudios Campesinos (ISEC)

, 158

Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (INDEC)

, 155–156

Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)

, 157–158

Integrated Development Plan and Spatial Development Framework

, 115

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

, 2

International Covenant on Economic and Social Rights

, 57

International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)

, 143

Johannesburg, traders’ organisations

, 120

Johannesburg Fresh Produce Market (JFPM)

, 112–113

Johannesburg Municipality

, 112

Just-in-time food distribution systems

, 14

Keynesianism

, 30

La Vía Campesina (LVC)

, 47

Laisser-faire approach to modernity

, 15

Landless Movement

, 133

Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST)

, 139–140

Latin American Consortium of Agroecology and Development (CLADES)

, 158

Layering of agri-food and rural-urban transitions

, 40

Legumes

, 3

Local markets

, 91, 122

Local/territorial markets

, 84

Malnutrition

, 130, 136

Management and certification standards

, 68–69

Management mechanisms

, 96

Manchester group

, 8–9

Manufactured risk

, 56

Market Drayton

, 40

Markets

, 84, 97

food economics

, 13–14

Metabolic rifts and Agrarian citizenship

, 46–48

Metro Vancouver, responsibilities to mobilise

, 52–53

Metro vancouver’s urban agrarians

, 49–50

Migratory processes

, 153–155

Military Dictatorship

, 137

Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Industry and Commerce of the Province of Santa Fe (MAGIC)

, 157–158

Movement of People Affected by Dams (MAB)

, 139–140

Multi-criteria approach to agri-food systems

, 11

Multifunctionality

, 74

Municipalidad de Rosario (MR)

, 155

National Coordination of Joint Rural Black Quilombola Communities (CONAQ)

, 139–140

National Economic Development and Labour Council

, 114

National Food and Nutrition Security System (SISAN)

, 131

National Food Security Council (CONSEA)

, 131, 138–139, 142–144

National Health Conference (8th) (1986)

, 138

National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA)

, 97

National Movement for People’s Sovereignty in Mining (MAM)

, 139–140

National School Feeding Program (PNAE)

, 131

Natural Selection

, 10

NEDLAC

, 114–115

Neo-liberalised governments

, 26

New social and institutional articulations, generation of

, 161–162

Northeastern markets

, 96, 98

Nuts

, 3

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

, 60–61

Office for National Statistics

, 36

Official veterinarian (OV)

, 35

Operation clean sweep

, 112

Organic farming techniques

, 73, 75

Organic production method

, 76

Organized irresponsibility

, 56

Pandemics, corporate food regime and drivers of

, 59–60

Parallel Government

, 138

Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry (CPI)

, 138

Peasant Women’s Movement (MMC)

, 139–140

People’s food defence

, 14

People’s Summit

, 131

Peri-urban Agriculture

, 153

Planet Food Earth

, 12

Policy-makers intelligent

, 10–11

Political cultures

, 29–32

Post-Brexit UK government

, 31

Potatoes, case of

, 32–34

Private sector professionals

, 35

Pro bono publico public policy

, 11

Pro-Huerta

, 157–158

Programa de Distribuição Emergencial de Alimentos (PRODEA)

, 142

Public authorities justification

, 98

Public food policies

difficulty

, 11–14

food and politics of modern consumerism

, 17–19

and multi-criteria nature of agri-food systems

, 9–11

policy tends to outdated view of farming as food system

, 15–17

role of state in food

, 7–9

Public markets

, 111

Public policy

beneficiaries of

, 161–162

and multi-criteria nature of agri-food systems

, 9–11

Public regulation, between cultural informality and

, 96–100

Qualitative research

, 119

Quality

, 95

Reflexive learning process

, 86–87

Regimes

, 24

approach

, 24

Region

, 38

Regionalised food regimes

, 37–38

Regulatory disruption, key areas of

, 35–37

Relational corporate responsibility

, 59

Relational responsibility

, 59

Reporting standards

, 68–69

Richmond, responsibility to mobilise for land in

, 51–52

Richmond Zoning Amendment Bylaw 9965

, 52

Right to Food

, 57–58, 136

Rio Grande do Sul (RS)

, 132–133

Risk arbitrage

, 56

Risk society

, 56

Rural Youth Pastoral (PJR)

, 139–140

Rural-urban linkages

, 89

Russian invasion of Ukraine

, 13

Scale jumping

, 52–53

Shared value creation

, 69–70

Short supply chains

, 87

Short-food supply chains

, 89

Small Farmers Movement (MPA)

, 139–140

Social inclusion

, 152

Social institutions

, 84–85, 93, 96

Social liberalism

, 30

Social metabolism

, 59

Social movements

, 130

Socio-natural resources

, 25–26

South Africa after COVID-19

African pathway

, 116–122

April Prices of Fresh Produce

, 113

crisis of South Africa’s food system

, 108–115

South Africa’s food system

, 121

crisis of

, 108–115

Southern farmers market of Passo Fundo

, 94

Stakeholder consultation

, 114

Standing Committees (SCs)

, 142

Street markets

, 97

Street traders

, 112–113, 115–116

Street trading

, 116

Sub-Saharan Africa

, 109

Supermarketisation process

, 87

Sustainability

, 74

report

, 68–69

Sustainable agri-food transformations

, 23–25

Sustainable agri-food transitions

, 29–32

Sustainable food systems

, 47, 84, 89

action of civil society in promoting human right to healthy and adequate food

, 136–141

civil society as co-manager of public policies

, 142–145

lessons learned and future challenges

, 145–146

new markets

, 132–136

Sustainable intensification

, 40

Technical acceleration

, 12–13

Territorial food markets

, 89

Third International Conference on Agriculture and Food in an Urbanized Society

, 3

Traditional food markets

, 84–85

foster new rural-urban relations

, 90–93

Traditional markets

, 87, 89, 91–92

Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)

, 53

Tu’wusht Garden Project

, 54

Twenty-first-century agri-food system

, 16–17

UK consumers

, 18

UK food policy

, 34

Ultra-processed foods

, 16

UN Environment Programme (UNEP)

, 15

United Nations (UN)

, 113–114, 144

2030 Agenda

, 71

Declaration on Rights of Indigenous Peoples

, 52–53

Framework Convention on Climate Change

, 19

Secretary General

, 4

Special Rapporteurs

, 13

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

, 164

United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

, 137

United Nations Food System Summit (UNFSS)

, 113–114

United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

, 17

United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

, 17, 70–71, 73

Aboca and

, 77–78

SDG 12

, 77

SDG 15

, 77

SDG 3

, 77

University of British Columbia (UBC)

, 50–51, 54

Urban agrarianism

, 49

as responsibility

, 48–49

Urban agrarians

, 48

Urban agriculture (UA)

, 51–52, 153

agro-ecological interpretation

, 156–165

city of Rosario, Argentina as context

, 153, 155

environmental services

, 164–165

objectives

, 153

Urban Agriculture Network of Latin American Research (AGUILA)

, 154

Urban Agriculture Program (PAU)

, 158–159

Urban Agriculture Programme (UAP)

, 165

achievements

, 165

territorial reach

, 165

Urban bias

, 48–49

Vancouver, responsibility to mobilise for land in

, 50–51

Vancouver Urban Farming Society

, 49–50

Vegetables

, 3

Vegetal biodiversity

, 76–77

Via Campesina

, 139–140

Wales

regional cases of

, 37–40

South West Wales

, 37–39

Welsh Government

, 36

West’s model of agri-food progress

, 12

Wet markets. (see Public markets)

Working Group on Indigenous Food Sovereignty (WGIFS)

, 53

World Association for Fighting Hunger

, 137

World Food Day

, 133

World Food Program (WFP)

, 143

World Health Organisation (WHO)

, 9–10

World Trade Organization

, 56–57

Worsening food insecurity (WFP)

, 11–12