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Advances in Global Leadership

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Advances in Global Leadership

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Advances in Global Leadership Volume 14

Advances in Global Leadership

Edited by

Joyce S. Osland

San Jose State University, USA

B. Sebastian Reiche

IESE, Spain

Betina Szkudlarek

University of Sydney, Australia

And

Mark E. Mendenhall

University of Tennessee, USA

United Kingdom – North America – Japan – India – Malaysia – China

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Emerald Publishing Limited

Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley BD16 1WA, UK

First edition 2022

Editorial matter and selection © 2022 Joyce S. Osland, B. Sebastian Reiche, Betina Szkudlarek and Mark E. Mendenhall. Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited.

Chapter 1 © 2022 Nancy J. Adler, Sonja Sackmann, Sharon Arieli, Marufa Akter, Christoph Barmeyer, Cordula Barzantny, Dan V. Caprar, Yih-teen Lee, Leigh Anne Liu, Giovanna Magnani, Justin Marcus, Christof Miska, Fiona Moore, Sun Hyun Park, B. Sebastian Reiche, Anne-Marie Soderberg, Jeremy Solomons and Zhi-Xue Zhang. Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited

Remaining chapters © 2022 by Emerald Publishing Limited.

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Contact: permissions@emeraldinsight.com

No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence permitting restricted copying issued in the UK by The Copyright Licensing Agency and in the USA by The Copyright Clearance Center. Any opinions expressed in the chapters are those of the authors. Whilst Emerald makes every effort to ensure the quality and accuracy of its content, Emerald makes no representation implied or otherwise, as to the chapters' suitability and application and disclaims any warranties, express or implied, to their use.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN: 978-1-80071-838-8 (Print)

ISBN: 978-1-80071-837-1 (Online)

ISBN: 978-1-80071-839-5 (Epub)

ISSN: 1535-1203 (Series)

Dedication

Edited research volumes are often a labor of love, which is certainly true for this book. While a team of four has formally edited this volume, an army of reviewers, family members, and friends facilitated and inspired the process, for which we are extremely grateful. This year our special dedications are as follows.

• Joyce: To Rachel Carson, marine biologist and author whose written words launched the environmental movement in the US and advanced the global movement

• Sebastian: To Carlos Sánchez-Runde, my dear colleague and mentor at IESE – you are deeply missed.

• Betina: Dla mojej kochanej mamy. Dziękuję za wszystko! To the AGL super-team of editors, thank you for being such wonderful partners in crime!

• Mark: To the widely forgotten global leader, Albert Schweitzer – a global leader in his time who should never be forgotten.

List of Figures

List of Boxes

List of Tables

About the Authors

Nancy J. Adler, S. Bronfman Professor Emerita in Management at McGill University in Montreal, Canada, consults and conducts research on global leadership, cross-cultural management, and the arts and leadership. She has authored more than 150 articles, written and edited 10 books, and produced several films. Her International Dimensions of Organizational Behavior book has more than a half million copies in print in multiple languages. Dr Adler consults with major global companies and government organizations on projects worldwide. She is a Fellow of the Academies of Management and International Business and has received numerous international awards. Canada honored Nancy as one of the country's top university professors and inducted her into the Royal Society of Canada. Nancy is also a visual artist and has been an artist in residence at The Banff Centre. Her art exhibition, “Reality in Translation: Going Beyond the Dehydrated Language of Management,” received worldwide press attention. Her paintings, monotype prints, and ceramics are held in private collections worldwide.

Marufa Akter is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Global Studies and Governance in Independent University, Bangladesh. She obtained a PhD in Political Science from the University of Bremen, Germany. Her dissertation is titled: “Women's Political Participation in Bangladesh Parliament: A Case Study Analysis of Women's Substantive Representation.” She obtained a Master's degree in Public Policy from the Willy Brandt School of Public Policy, University of Erfurt, Germany, under a DAAD scholarship. She also holds a Bachelor and a Master of Social Sciences degree in International Relations from the University of Dhaka. She attended a one-year graduate course on Peacebuilding and Conflict Transformation at the SIT Graduate Institute in Vermont, USA. She works in the areas of women and politics; gender and governance; women, peace, and security; conflict resolution and peacebuilding.

Sharon Arieli, PhD, is a Senior Lecturer for Creativity, Innovation and Strategy at the Business School of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Her main research areas are: Creativity (integrating dispositional and situational factors that influence creativity in organizations and facilitate innovation); Culture (studying how cultural mindsets impact creativity in problem-solving, and cognitive performance); and Values (exploring the impact of individual-level and cultural-level values on behavior in work settings).

Christoph Barmeyer is Professor of Intercultural Communication at the University of Passau (Germany) and works as an intercultural consultant with multinational corporations. His research fields are constructive intercultural management, French-German management, intercultural competencies and learning, and the international transfer of practices in multinationals. He has published and coauthored 10 books and more than 100 articles in French, German, and English languages. He teaches in several European Master's Programs and served on the board of SIETAR Germany. He takes a systemic–integrative approach, which takes into account the importance of context and relationships and that cultures are socially coconstructed in dialogic reciprocal processes. Therefore, he sees cultural differences as a resource that can be used in complementary and synergetic ways.

Cordula Barzantny is Professor of International Management at Toulouse Business School, France. Currently, she is part of the EU Horizon 2020 project “Global mobility of employees (GLOMO),” www.glomo.eu/. She is heavily involved in the aerospace industry and management education development. Her main research interests are cross-cultural management and global leadership, European and international human resource management, trust and business ethics. She teaches mainly postgraduate international students. She is also a regular facilitator for Executive Development Programs and works on various consulting, research, and training assignments with corporations. She is an active reviewer and advisor on editorial boards of several international management journals. Cordula has work experience in several countries around the world. Prior to completing her PhD at Toulouse University, her professional career was in finance, accounting, and management control at Siemens.

Dan V. Caprar is Associate Professor at the University of Sydney Business School, Australia. His primary interest is in understanding how individuals are influenced by their work and life contexts and, in turn, how they can shape these contexts. As such, his research, teaching, and consulting are focused on culture, identity, and leadership. Dan's research has been published in top-tier journals (e.g., Journal of International Business Studies, Human Relations, Academy of Management Learning and Education, Journal of Business Ethics, etc.) and book chapters; he is also a coeditor of The Sage Handbook of Contemporary Cross-Cultural Management. Besides teaching in the MBA and Executive Education programs at the University of Sydney, Dan conducts executive coaching and leadership development programs and engages in public debates via media contributions and community events.

Katherine C. Cotter, PhD, is a recent graduate from Claremont Graduate University with a degree in Psychology with a concentration in Organizational Behavior. Her primary research interests are global leadership and leader development, cross-cultural training, and diversity in the workplace. She has worked as a research consultant at LeAD Labs at Claremont Graduate University and as a consultant at Korn Ferry. Inspired by the participants in her studies, she is currently enjoying her own international experience as an American living in Sweden. She plans to continue conducting global leader development research and applying it to leader development practices in her consulting work.

Sarah J. Gumbley, PhD, is a Visiting Professor at RMIT University Vietnam and a Lecturer at AUT University, New Zealand. With both a commercial and an academic background, Dr Gumbley has worked across the Asia Pacific region, conducting research and consulting on a broad range of Communications topics. Dr Gumbley has given presentations, particularly on the subject of social media, at numerous workshops, events, and conferences, and has been interviewed on BBC Radio and by the British Psychological Society.

Karina R. Jensen is an Educator, Researcher, and International Management Consultant specializing in global innovation, leadership, and multicultural team collaboration. She is a Practice Professor in Global Innovation and Leadership as well as the Cofounder and Practice Director at the Centre for Leadership and Effective Organisations at NEOMA Business School in France. She is also the Founder and Executive Director of Global Minds Network, an international advisory firm that enables leaders and teams to collaborate and innovate for global impact. Through research with 200+ leaders at 45 multinational firms, her book Leading Global Innovation presents a framework for leading global initiatives. She has also published academic and professional articles and book chapters. She currently serves as the Innovation Leadership SIG cofounder and coleader at ISPIM (International Society for Professional Innovation Management). In addition to earning a PhD in International Management from ESCP Business School, she holds an MBA in International Business from the Ecole des Ponts Business School in France, and a BA in Public Relations from San Jose State University in California, USA.

Yih-Teen Lee is a Full Professor at IESE Business School. He specializes in leadership, fit, cultural identities, leading multicultural teams and global collaboration in his roles as educator, researcher, and advisor. He is particularly passionate about the concept of dynamic balancing and its application in leadership and bridging cultural differences. His research in these themes has appeared in leading journals such as Academy of Management Discoveries, Journal of Management, and Personnel Psychology. In addition to degree programs (MBA, EMBA, and global EMBA), he contributes regularly to executive education programs and works closely with multinational organizations, such as the United Nations' leadership development training. Yih-Teen earned his PhD from HEC, University of Lausanne, Switzerland, and his bachelor and master degrees from National Taiwan University. Raised in a Chinese cultural context, he has been living in Europe for over 20 years and is fluent in Chinese, English, French, and Spanish.

Leigh Anne Liu is Professor of International Business at Georgia State University, USA, and the Fulbright-Hanken Distinguished Chair in Business and Economics 2020–2021. She studies how culture and cognition influence intercultural interactions, including communication, negotiation, conflict management, and collaborations at individual, organization, and country levels. Her research appears in the Administrative Science Quarterly, Journal of Applied Psychology, and Journal of International Business Studies, among other outlets. She is an Associate Editor for the Journal of Business Research and Cross Cultural & Strategic Management; she has been a Guest Editor of three special issues and serves on the editorial boards of the Academy of Management Review, Management and Organization Review, and International Business Review. She has consulted for Fortune 500 firms and the nonprofit sector on conflict management, leadership development, and intercultural competency programs.

Annelise Ly, PhD, is an Associate Professor in Intercultural Communication at the Norwegian School of Economics (NHH) in Bergen, Norway. She has a multidisciplinary background and works at the intersection of intercultural business communication, leadership, and applied linguistics. Her current research projects include language issues in international workplace settings, the recontextualization of corporate values across subsidiaries, and leadership narratives. Her research has been published in international peer-reviewed journals and book chapters. She is a member of the Association for Business Communication and is currently serving on the Publication Board. Annelise has over 15 years of experience teaching bachelor, master, and executive students. She relies on active learning methods such as Team-Based Learning and the flipped classroom. Her teaching is interactive, innovative, and inspired by best practice examples from Harvard Business School (2019), colleagues at NHH, and student feedback. She was recently awarded the status of Excellent Teacher Practitioner at NHH.

Giovanna Magnani is Associate Professor at the Department of Economics and Management of the University of Pavia, where she is Vice Director of the PhD in Applied Economics and Management in collaboration with the University of Bergamo and a faculty member of the Master in Marketing Utilities and Storytelling Techniques (M.US.T). Giovanna is cochair of the annual “ENTERYNG workshop on Entrepreneurship, Innovation, Internationalization” in collaboration with EIASM and ECSB associations and co-chair of the “3rd Renaissance through Digital Transformation Conference.” She has been a visiting scholar at the University of Queensland (Australia) and at IAELyon Management School (France). Her research has appeared in the International Business Review, Journal of Business Research, International Marketing Review, and European Management Journal. She is a member of the European Academy of International Business (EIBA), the European Academy of Management (EURAM), and the Italian Academy of Management (SIMA). In 2018 she was awarded the “Best International Business Review Paper of the year” and in 2020 the “Best European Management Journal” paper of the year.

Justin Marcus is an Assistant Professor in the College of Administrative Sciences and Economics at Koç University in Istanbul, Turkey. His research interests include age and gender diversity in organizations, cross-cultural management, and prejudice and unfair discrimination. Dr Marcus has authored or coauthored over 20 internationally indexed scientific publications in numerous prestigious outlets such as Journal of World Business, Journal of Organizational Behavior, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, and The Gerontologist. He is on the Editorial Boards of the Journal of Vocational Behavior and Human Resources Management. His work has been nominated for a number of awards including Best Phenomenon-based Paper in 2019 in the Journal of World Business, Best Paper of the Year 2013 in the Journal of Organizational Behavior, and Best Paper Proceedings of the Academy of Management in 2014.

Mark E. Mendenhall holds the J. Burton Frierson Chair of Excellence in Business Leadership at the University of Tennessee, Chattanooga. He is an internationally recognized scholar in the field of global leadership and expatriate studies and is a past president of the International Division of the Academy of Management and a past recipient of the Ludwig Erhard Stiftungsprofessur endowed chair at the University of Bayreuth. He has coauthored numerous books and journal articles, the most recent book being: Responsible Global Leadership: Dilemmas, Paradoxes, and Opportunities (2020, Routledge). His research appears in a variety of scholarly publications, including Academy of Management Review, Journal of International Business Studies, Sloan Management Review, Academy of Management Learning & Education, Human Relations, Journal of World Business, and Journal of Business Ethics. He is also a senior partner in The Kozai Group, a consultancy that specializes in the identification, assessment, and development of global leadership and inclusion competencies.

Christof Miska is an Associate Professor at the Institute for International Business at WU Vienna University of Economics and Business in Austria. He is an alumnus of WU Vienna, CEMS (The Global Alliance in Management Education), and the Nordic Research School of International Business (Nord-IB). His research explores the intersection of responsible leadership and cultural/institutional variations, spanning micro, meso, and macro perspectives, and associated areas such as leadership studies and sustainable development. Christof's research has been published in international journals such as the Journal of World Business, the Journal of Business Ethics, and Business Ethics Quarterly, and presented at major academic conferences including the Academy of Management and Academy of International Business (AIB) annual meetings. Christof gained industry experience through internationally oriented project and consulting work with a number of reputable SMEs and MNCs across Europe.

Fiona Moore is Professor of Business Anthropology at Royal Holloway, University of London. She received her doctorate in 2002 from Oxford University, where she studied at the Institute for Social and Cultural Anthropology. Her research on identity in German multinational corporations has been published in the Journal of International Business Studies among other journals. She has written a monograph, “Transnational Business Cultures,” on German expatriates in the City of London, with a second monograph on Taiwanese elite labor migrants in London and Toronto published in 2021, entitled “Global Taiwanese: Asian Skilled Labor Migrants in a Changing World.” Her current research focuses on ways of developing ethnography as a method for studying international businesses. She is also an award-nominated science fiction author. More information is available at www.fiona-moore.com.

Professor Mathews Z. Nkhoma is Dean of the School of Business and Management at RMIT University Vietnam. Prof Nkhoma holds a PhD in Management Information Systems from the University of East London, England. His major research topics are leadership and management in the digital era, information systems security, information security investment models, network security management, and forensic computing. In additional to his research, Prof Nkhoma has taught information systems and computer forensics courses in Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. As Dean, he is responsible for ensuring a consistently high-quality, transformative experience for students, staff members, and industry partners, as well as continuing the school's positive impact on Vietnam and the Southeast Asia region.

Joyce S. Osland PhD in Organization Behavior from Case Western Reserve University is an Emeritus Professor at San Jose State University and former Lucas Endowed Professor of Global Leadership and Executive Director/Founder of the Global Leadership Advancement Center. Dr Osland is an internationally recognized scholar in the field of global leadership and international management with over 160 publications, including top-tier journals. She has received numerous awards for both teaching and scholarship. Recent books include Global Leadership: Research, Practice and Development, Managing Across Cultures, The SAGE Handbook of Contemporary Cross-cultural Research. She has served as the Senior Editor for Advances in Global Leadership (volumes 8–14). Dr Osland consults and gives training programs to a wide range of global organizations and is a frequent guest lecturer. She is also a senior partner with The Kozai Group, which identifies, assesses, and develops global leadership and inclusion competencies.

Sun Hyun Park is Associate Professor of Strategy at College of Business, Seoul National University. Prior to joining SNU, he served as Assistant Professor of Management and Organization at the Marshall School of Business, University of Southern California. He received his PhD in Corporate Strategy from Ross School of Business, University of Michigan. Professor Park's research focuses on how corporate managers cope with a firm's external environment, which includes technological, institutional, and competitive dynamics. His research has appeared in the Administrative Science Quarterly, Organization Science, and Research in Organizational Behavior. He serves on the editorial review board for Strategic Management Journal and Strategic Organization (2019-2021). He also served as a global representative for the Organization and Management Theory division of the Academy of Management.

B. Sebastian Reiche (PhD in Management, University of Melbourne, Australia) is Professor of People Management at IESE Business School, Spain. His research focuses on the forms, prerequisites, and consequences of global work, international HRM, global leadership, language in international business, and knowledge transfer. His research has been published in a number of leading scholarly outlets, including Academy of Management Discoveries, Academy of Management Journal, Journal of International Business Studies, Journal of Management, Organization Science, and Personnel Psychology. Sebastian serves as Associate Editor of the Human Resource Management Journal and Coeditor of Advances in Global Leadership. He is Academic Director of the Program for Management Development and has consulted and directed Custom Executive Education Programs for companies such as SAP, Haier, Deloitte, and Boehringer Ingelheim. Sebastian advises start-ups in the human capital space and regularly blogs about global work (blog.iese.edu/expatriatus).

Marketa Rickley, PhD, is an Assistant Professor of Management in the Bryan School of Business and Economics at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. She conducts research at the intersection of international business and strategic management. Her work focuses on managerial selection and top management team configuration in multinational firms. Her research has been published in the Journal of Management and the Journal of World Business, among other outlets. Her dissertation on human capital allocation in multinational companies received several recognitions, including the Emerald Best International Dissertation Award and finalist for the Best Dissertation in Strategy at the Academy of Management. She previously worked for two global financial firms, as an equity analyst and as the Finance Officer for asset management in Central and Eastern Europe. She holds a BBA and MBA in Finance from the University of Iowa and earned her PhD in Management from Boston University.

Sonja Sackmann is Professor of Organizational Behavior in the Department of Economics and Management at the University Bw Munich, Germany, and Guest Professor at the University Tartu, Estonia. Her research, teaching, and consulting focus on issues of culture in organizational settings, cross-cultural management, leadership, personal-, team-, and organizational change and development in national and multinational contexts. She has (co-)written and (co-)edited 16 books, contributed to several handbooks, and authored many articles in scholarly and professional journals such as the Administrative Science Quarterly, Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, Human Relations, International Journal for Cross-Cultural Management, and Harvard Business Manager. For many years, she was a guest professor at the University St. Gallen, Switzerland, and visiting professor at UCLA, EBS, WU, Vienna, and Jiao Tong University, Shanghai. She has worked with major multinational companies and has been a member of several professional boards and expert groups.

Anne-Marie Søderberg is Professor Emerita of Intercultural Communication and Cross-cultural Management at Copenhagen Business School, Denmark. With a research focus on cultures, identity constructions, communication, and learning processes, she has created a bridge between her educational background in the humanities (Scandinavian languages and literature) and her present position as an international communication and business scholar. Her research has appeared in journals such as the Journal of International Business Studies, Journal of International Management, International Journal of Cross-Cultural Management, Group and Organization Management and Management International Review, and in books and edited volumes such as Global Collaboration: Intercultural Experiences and Learning (Palgrave-Macmillan, 2012) and The Sage Handbook of Contemporary Cross-Cultural Management (2020). She has received several awards for her research achievements and research communication.

Jeremy Solomons is the UK-born and USA-naturalized founder/owner of JSA Consulting (Rwanda), Ltd, based in Kigali. He coaches, consults, designs curriculum, facilitates, and trains in the areas of Global Diversity, Inclusive Leadership and Peace Promotion. He also writes regular “Leading Rwanda” and “Letter from Kigali” columns for the New Times of Rwanda and articles for News Decoder in Paris. In the past, Jeremy managed a diverse staff and worked with clients and colleagues from all over the globe, while employed as a full-time Banker, Educator, and Journalist in six multinational institutions, including Citibank, JP Morgan, Reuters News Agency, and the World Bank. Rwanda is his ninth home country after France, Germany, Hong Kong, Israel, Italy, Switzerland, the UK, and the USA. Born and raised in Manchester, England of Jewish, Lebanese, and Persian ancestry, Jeremy holds MA Oxon and BA Honors degrees in French from the University of Oxford (Brasenose College).

Madelynn Stackhouse, PhD, is an Assistant Professor of Organizational Behavior in the Bryan School of Business and Economics at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. She holds a BA in Psychology, BA in Cultural Anthropology, MSc in Organizational Psychology, and she earned her PhD in Human Resources and Organizational Dynamics from the University of Calgary, Canada. As a scholar, Madelynn's research explores leadership in a global context, “dark” leadership in cases of workplace interpersonal transgressions and abuse, and the moral aspects of people's work identity. Her research has been published in the International Journal of Management Reviews, Journal of Business Ethics, and Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, among others. Prior to joining academia, Madelynn worked for a range of organizations as a manager and management consultant.

Heather Swenddal is an Assistant Professor of Management at Nichols College in Dudley, Massachusetts. She recently completed a PhD in Management through RMIT University Vietnam, the Asia hub of Australia's Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology. Dr Swenddal's PhD thesis explored the organization-based identity constructions of academic lecturers working at global university branch campuses – a topic she became familiar with as a US expatriate working at RMIT Vietnam. She also holds an MA in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages from San Francisco State University. Dr Swenddal's research examines identity and inclusion in both educational and management domains, broadly focusing on the ways in which individuals develop identities in the context of their larger communities.

Betina Szkudlarek is an Associate Professor in Management at the University of Sydney Business School. Betina's core research interests lie at the intersection of cross-cultural management, international HRM, and management of diversity. Her work has been published in top-tier international journals such as Organization Studies, Human Resource Management, and the Journal of Business Ethics and featured in multiple national and international media outlets. Betina has worked with numerous multinational corporations and not-for-profits on developing intercultural competence, fostering global leadership excellence, and promoting refugee workforce integration. Beyond her academic commitments, Betina holds the post of a Strategic Sustainability and Growth Consultant with the United National Alliance of Civilizations (UNAOC). She is a Coeditor of Advances in Global Leadership and was Senior Editor of The Sage Handbook of Contemporary Cross-Cultural Management (2020).

Zhi-Xue Zhang is Professor of Organization and Strategic management, the Director of Center for Research in Behavioral Science, and the Director of Management Innovation Interdisciplinary Research Platform at Guanghua School of Management, Peking University. His research interests include Chinese leadership, team process, negotiation and conflict management, and cross-cultural management. He was a visiting scholar at Northwestern University, University of Illinois, Stockholm University, and University of Hong Kong. In 2009, the National Natural Science Foundation of China named him a Distinguished Young Scholar. He has published over 100 research papers in the Journal of Applied Psychology, Journal of Management, Administrative Science Quarterly, Journal of International Business Studies, and other outlets. He is currently the President Elect of International Association for Chinese Management Research (IACMR) and a Senior Editor of Management and Organization Review.

About the Editors

Joyce S. Osland, (PhD in Organization Behavior from Case Western Reserve University) is an Emeritus Professor at San Jose State University and former Lucas Endowed Professor of Global Leadership and Executive Director/Founder of the Global Leadership Advancement Center. Dr Osland is an internationally recognized scholar in the field of global leadership and international management with over 160 publications, including top-tier journals. She has received numerous awards for both teaching and scholarship. Recent books include Global Leadership: Research, Practice and Development, Managing Across Cultures, The SAGE Handbook of Contemporary Cross-cultural Research. She has served as the Senior Editor for Advances in Global Leadership (volumes 8–14). Dr Osland consults and gives training programs to a wide range of global organizations and is a frequent guest lecturer. She is also a senior partner with The Kozai Group, which identifies, assesses, and develops global leadership and inclusion competencies.

B. Sebastian Reiche (PhD in Management, University of Melbourne, Australia) is Professor of People Management at IESE Business School, Spain. His research focuses on the forms, prerequisites, and consequences of global work, international HRM, global leadership, language in international business, and knowledge transfer. His research has been published in a number of leading scholarly outlets, including Academy of Management Discoveries, Academy of Management Journal, Journal of International Business Studies, Journal of Management, Organization Science, and Personnel Psychology. Sebastian serves as Associate Editor of the Human Resource Management Journal and Coeditor of Advances in Global Leadership. He is Academic Director of the Program for Management Development and has consulted and directed Custom Executive Education Programs for companies such as SAP, Haier, Deloitte, and Boehringer Ingelheim. Sebastian advises start-ups in the human capital space and regularly blogs about global work (blog.iese.edu/expatriatus).

Betina Szkudlarek is an Associate Professor in Management at the University of Sydney Business School. Betina's core research interests lie at the intersection of cross-cultural management, international HRM, and management of diversity. Her work has been published in top-tier international journals and featured in international media outlets. Betina has worked with numerous multinational corporations and not-for-profits on developing intercultural competence, fostering global leadership excellence, and promoting refugee workforce integration. Beyond her academic commitments, Betina holds the post of a Strategic Sustainability and Growth Consultant with the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations (UNAOC). She is a Coeditor of Advances in Global Leadership and the lead editor of The Sage Handbook of Contemporary Cross-Cultural Management (2020).

Mark E. Mendenhall holds the J. Burton Frierson Chair of Excellence in Business Leadership at the University of Tennessee, Chattanooga. He is an internationally recognized scholar in the field of global leadership and expatriate studies and is a past president of the International Division of the Academy of Management and a past recipient of the Ludwig Erhard Stiftungsprofessur endowed chair at the University of Bayreuth. He has coauthored numerous books and journal articles, the most recent book being: Responsible Global Leadership: Dilemmas, Paradoxes, and Opportunities (2020, Routledge). His research appears in a variety of scholarly publications, including Academy of Management Review, Journal of International Business Studies, Sloan Management Review, Academy of Management Learning & Education, Human Relations, Journal of World Business, and Journal of Business Ethics. He is also a senior partner in The Kozai Group, a consultancy that specializes in the identification, assessment, and development of global leadership and inclusion competencies.

List of Contributors

New Advances in Global Leadership: Introduction to Volume 14

As AGL editors, we identify a major research gap in each annual Call for Papers and then cross our fingers in hope of receiving relevant papers that advance the field. For volume 14, our Call for Papers emphasized global leadership effectiveness. This a topic that all would agree is crucial; yet, few researchers in the field have tackled global leadership effectiveness directly. In part, our Call for Papers for this volume stated:

In addition to foundational research, however, Volume 14 calls specifically for research specializing on global leadership effectiveness to enable greater understanding of the factors at the individual, group and organizational levels that drive global leadership success. According to Google Scholar, there are 2,790,000 references related to “leadership effectiveness,” almost all of which refer to traditional leadership. Surprisingly, however, the term ‘leadership effectiveness’ is missing from many leading textbooks on conventional leadership. In general, effectiveness can be an elusive topic on which neither organizations nor scholars completely agree, and reviews have attested to the wealth of different criteria to assess traditional leadership effectiveness (Hiller, DeChurch, Murase, & Doty, 2011).

(Advances in Global Leadership, Call for Papers, Volume 14)

We are delighted with the submissions we received for Volume 14 in response to the Call for Papers and hope they will spark future research on global leadership effectiveness and find their way into scholarly publications and global leadership textbooks.

Also, as a reminder, while the term “global leadership” has been defined in many ways, thereby blurring the conceptual boundaries of the distinct fields of global and comparative leadership, AGL adheres to the following narrower definition of global leadership:

The process and actions through which an individual influences a range of internal and external constituents from multiple national cultures and jurisdictions in a context characterized by significant levels of task and relationship complexity.

(Reiche, Bird, Mendenhall, & Osland, 2017, p. 556)

As is our practice, Volume 14 combines traditional research papers in Part I with practitioner-focused research, insights, and interviews in Part II, and a conclusion that identifies future research directions. The papers in this volume are briefly introduced below.

Acknowledgments

We'd like to acknowledge the work and commitment of those who made important behind-the-scenes contributions to this volume. We are indebted to Niall Kennedy, our publisher at Emerald Group Publishing, Inc., and to Kousalya Thangarasu and Kavya Ramu, and the entire production team for the support we have received. Lance Sy Lato merits special recognition for his role in organizing many of the infinite details involved in final manuscript preparation.

Joyce Osland gratefully acknowledges the funding that made seven volumes of AGL possible from the Lucas Foundation and the Lucas Endowed Chair in Global Leadership at San Jose State University. Mark Mendenhall is grateful for the support of the Gary W. Rollins College of Business and the J. Burton Frierson Chair of Excellence in Business Leadership at the University of Tennessee, Chattanooga.