Index
ISBN: 978-1-78743-193-5, eISBN: 978-1-78743-192-8
ISSN: 0882-6145
Publication date: 12 August 2017
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
(2017), "Index", Advances in Group Processes (Advances in Group Processes, Vol. 34), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 219-227. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0882-614520170000034015
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2017 Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Ability referential structures
, 54
Absolute error
condition variable
, 143
demographic variables
, 143
minus relative error
condition variable
, 144
demographic variables
, 144
scores
, 142
Absolute task
, 141
Abstract constructs
, 177
Accuracy
, 160
interpersonal accuracy measures
, 164
Acquisition of Status
comparisons of theories
, 16
Activation of referential structures assumption
, 54
ADD/ADHD. See Attention deficit/attention deficit hyperactivity (ADD/ADHD)
Age gender survey experiment descriptive statistics
, 91
Age-Status at Work
, 87–88, 95
Aggregate expectation
state value
, 109
strength
, 96, 97
Aggregation assumption
, 55, 56
Agricultural revolution
, 14
ANOVAs
, 209
Anticipatory behavior
, 155
ASD. See Autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
Attention deficit/attention deficit hyperactivity (ADD/ADHD)
, 164
Audio recordings
, 206
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
, 164
Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC)
, 69
Behavior
, 180–182
Behavioral confirmation
, 42
Behavioral controls
, 38
Bias factors
, 202
analysis of
, 210
group over CMC
, 202
BIC. See Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC)
Body language
, 60
Bolstering
, 165
Bridging
, 183
Categorical referential structures
, 54
Causality issues
, 28
Chinese
, 14
Chinese-Malay interactions
, 14
Chi-squared analysis
, 117, 123
Chi-squared components
, 123, 124
CI. See Confidence interval (CI)
Classic exchange anthropologists
, 134
Classic group dynamics question. See Group dynamics question
CMC. See Computer-mediated communication (CMC)
Cognitive conceptualizations of role-taking
, 157
Cognitive empathy
, 154
Cognitively demanding intelligence test
, 119
Cognitive orientations
, 132, 134
Cognitive process
, 153–157
Cognitive role-taking
, 155, 156
Cohesive theoretical construct
, 152
Collective orientation
, 57
College students
samples data
, 29
in sociology classes
, 29
Competition outcome
, 183
Competitor’s speech
, 186
Computer instructions
, 139
Computer-mediated communication (CMC)
, 200, 201
biases group perception
, 212–214
bias in ratings
, 203
face-to-face interaction
, 203, 214
group-level variables
, 213
high-status member, ratings
, 204
interrelationship
, 213
middle status member
, 204
none vs. static vs. animated
, 204
setting
, 204–205
static and animated condition
, 205, 206
status- and group-perception bias
, 204
virtual environments
, 205
visual cues
, 202–203
availability of
, 214
impacts
, 212
Condition variable
, 143
Confidence interval (CI)
, 112, 113
Construct validity assessments, variables
, 32–34
Construct validity hypotheses
, 34
devaluation-discrimination (DD)
, 28
juvenile delinquent
, 28
Contemporary work
, 134
Contrast sensitivity
ability
, 120
tasks
, 121
Control/instrumental variables
, 32
Cooperative labor exchanges
, 134
Copresence
, 201, 202, 204–214
Cox-Pesaran test
, 70
Criminal case
, 52
Criminal evaluations
, 71
Criminal identities
, 43
evaluation, potency, and activity (EPA) ratings
, 25, 26
Criminal punishments
, 59
Criminal self-meanings
, 26
Criminal self-sentiment hypotheses
, 35
Criminal sentiments
, 25, 26, 29, 38, 40, 43
conceptualization of
, 26
juvenile delinquent as bad and powerful
, 25
self-sentiment
, 35
Criminological/sociological research
, 59
Cross-cultural differences
, 132
Cross-cultural research
, 130
Cue gestalts
, 66
strong
, 66
weak
, 66
Cultural differences, in orientation
, 131–133
Cultural psychologists
, 131
Cultures
, 130
East Asian
, 130
Western
, 130
Dangerousness
, 52
Data collection
, 29
DD. See Devaluation-discrimination (DD)
Delinquency label
self-meanings
, 23
youths’ opportunity structures
, 22
Delinquency status, self-sentiment
, 35
Delinquent identities
, 25
evaluation, potency, and activity (EPA) ratings
, 25
Demographic
self-sentiment
, 38
variables
, 143
Dependent measure
, 141
Dependent variables
, 63–64
Devaluation-discrimination (DD)
alpha coefficient
, 33
construct validity hypotheses
, 28
data
, 33
index
, 28
OLS regression
, 34, 35
Devaluation-discrimination expectations
, 32
Devaluation-discrimination index, juvenile delinquents
, 47
Developmental psychologists
, 164
Deviance
, 22
behavior
, 43
factor loadings
, 33
major/minor
, 32, 33
Diffuse statuses
, 182
characteristics
, 53
assigned levels
, 94, 95
expectations produced, estimating weights of
, 93
valued personal, relative impact of
, 65
Dilemma resolution technique
, 157
Dimensionality relations
, 56
Discipline
, 130
Disentangling
, 153
East Asian cultures
, 130
Emotional states
, 153
Emotion-inciting manipulation
, 158
Empathy
, 152–155, 157–167
accuracy
, 155
concern
, 159
role-taking emotions
, 160
treat empathic cognition, cognitive definitions of
, 154
Endogenous treatment-regression model
, 28
EPA. See Evaluation, potency, and activity (EPA)
Error. See Absolute error; Type I error
EST. See Expectations states theory (EST)
Euclidean space
, 206
Evaluation of the Gang Resistance Education and Training Program
, 43
Evaluation, potency, and activity (EPA)
delinquent identities
, 25
ratings
, 25, 26
criminal, delinquent, and non-delinquent youth identities
, 25, 26
self-EPA conceptualization
, 27
Evaluative setting
, 57
Everyone breaks the rules sometimes
, 32
Exchange networks
, 139
Exchange rule
, 138
Exchange task, goal
, 140
Expectations states theory (EST)
, 52
sociological social psychology
, 181
theoretical research program
, 181
Expectation states
, 82–91
based prediction
, 182–183
outline of theories
, 3–4
Experimental methodology
, 104, 109, 110
Explicitly relevant status manipulations
, 114, 115, 118, 128
Facial expressions
, 60
Feedback
, 182
‘Feeling with’ another
, 158
Feshbach and Roe Affective Situations Test for Empathy (FASTE)
, 160
Framed line test
, 136, 141
Gender
, 82–90
Generalized exchange
, 135, 136
Group dynamics question
, 200
Group-level variable, perceiver’s rating of
, 202
Group perception
, 200, 201, 203, 204, 212–214
Group ratings
, 211
Group’s status hierarchy
, 202
procedures
, 205
Hispanic respondents
, 90
Hogan’s Empathy Scale (HES)
, 154
Hypothesis tests
, 142, 183
Ickes behavioral measures
, 155, 157
Ickes empathic accuracy
, 156
Ideal age
, 91
Implicitly relevant status manipulations
, 114, 115, 118
Independent Variables
, 30–32
Individuals, in collectivist cultures
, 132
Inequality
, 3, 5–7, 12
Information
, 50
Intelligence, group’s level of
, 201
Interaction patterns
, 2
Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI)
, 159
Interpersonal sensitivity, social benefits of
, 167
IRI. See Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI)
Isolated overlapping
, 118
Japan
individuals, in collectivist cultures
, 132
Jarque-Bera tests, of normality
, 112
JD. See Juvenile delinquency (JD)
Jefferson Empathy Scale (JES)
, 154
J-test
, 70
Juvenile court, adjudicated delinquent
, 30
Juvenile delinquency (JD)
, 23–28, 30, 32, 34, 39–43
activity, conceptualization of
, 26
adjudicated
, 30–32
construct validity hypotheses
, 28, 34
criminalistic view of
, 27
criminal sentiments
, 42
cultural conception of
, 24
delinquents’ self-esteem
, 41
devaluation-discrimination index modified for application
, 47
fosters recidivism
, 23
identity
, 23, 25
increases recidivism
, 41
label
, 23
non-JDs
, 40, 41, 43
sample, data
, 28–29
self-evaluation
, 39, 41
hypotheses
, 27
self-potency hypotheses
, 27
sentiments
, 26
self-sentiments, on OLS/endogenous treatment-regressions
, 36–37
subcultural involvement and activities
, 26
youths’ conceptions
, 24, 26
Labeling theory
, 22–24, 27–28, 41, 42
implications for
, 41–42
Labor exchanges
, 134
Legitimating process
, 15
Made up our study structures
, 135
Malaysia
, 14
Managers
copresence with group, bias
, 207
copresence with individual
, 206–207
descriptives for ratings
, 207–209
hypothesis tests
, 209–212
individual/group, descriptive statistics of ratings
, 208
Managers noticed me
, 209
Mann-Whitney U test
, 122
Mathematical model
, 83
Mean absolute error
, 142
Mean relative error
, 142
Mental illness, labeling theory of
, 23
Mental patient
, 28
Meta-analytical
derived average values
, 110
derived predicted scores
, 123, 124
Migrations
, 14
Eastern Europe and the Middle East to Western Europe
, 14
Mind-in-mind
, 154, 157
formulations
, 155
Modeling bias
, 202
Modeling expectations
, 97
Modified labeling theory
, 23, 41, 42
Monte Carlo simulations
, 110–112, 119
distributions
, 110
extending to high- and low-status
, 113
parameter distributions
, 111
pseudo-sampling distribution, characteristics of
, 112
SCT research, applications
, 117
Moral quality
, 53
National Evaluation of the Gang Resistance Education and Training Program study
, 32
Negative rewards, allocations of
, 57–61
Negotiated exchange
, 135, 136
Neighbors’ farming activities
, 134
Network Exchange Theory (NET)
, 15
Non-cognitive psychological characteristics
, 131
Non-criminal self-meanings
, 26
Non-criminal youth identities
, 26
Non-delinquents’ self-evaluation
, 38
Non-delinquent youth identities
, 25
evaluation, potency, and activity (EPA) ratings
, 25, 26
Non-deviant youth identities
, 26
Novel status manipulation measurement
, 119–125
analyses
, 121–125
study design and procedures
, 120–121
Nudging
, 50
Observed data, mean and median score
, 122
OLS. See Ordinary least squares (OLS)
Ordinary least squares (OLS)
coefficients for group ratings of managers
, 211
regressions
, 34, 35, 90, 92, 211
Overlapping distributions, magnitude of effect statistics
, 117
Parameter distributions
, 110–119
Participants
, 185, 205
Participant status
, 183
Perceptual orientation
, 130, 131, 141, 142
Performance expectations
, 13, 53
Performance-outcome structures
, 54
Personal distress
, 159
Person’s mental state
, 154
Perspective taking
, 152–154, 157–159, 161–162, 163–164, 166–168
Policy implications
, 42–43
Portrait values questionnaire (PVQ)
, 179, 180, 185
Positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS)
, 184
Possession relations
, 55
Predicted cell counts
, 123
Productive exchange
, 136
expecting
, 137
Projected reasoning tasks
, 156
Protocol
, 185–186
Pseudo-population parameters
, 111
analyze
, 112
definitions
, 111
sampling distribution, bias estimates of
, 113
simulated values
, 111, 112
Psychiatric patients
, 23
Psychological social psychologists
, 131
Psychologists, experimental
, 133
Quality, moral
, 53
Racial/ethnic variables
, 32
Recidivism
, 22
Recommended sentence
, 63
Referential structures
, 53
Reflexive emotions
, 160
Reflexive role-taking
, 162
Rehabilitation programs
, 43
Relative error
condition variable
, 144
demographic variables
, 144
Relative task
, 141
Relevance relations
, 55
Remorseful offender
, 63
Research assistants
, 140
Residential treatment program
, 29
RET. See Reward expectations theory (RET)
Reward expectations
, 53
Reward expectations theory (RET)
, 51–57
classic model
, 69
classic vs. modified cue gestalt models, empirical comparison of
, 68–71
cue gestalt
, 74
approach to status information conveyance
, 66–68
and classic
, 68
weak categorical element
, 68
defines
, 58
equivalent generalization process
, 58
graph theoretic representation
, 67
impact of expectation advantage under classical and modified cue gestalt
, 69
monetary resources
, 72
task orientation
, 57
Reward recipient
, 51
Rice-based agriculture
, 137
Rice farming, coordination of
, 137
Rice theory
, 133–134
Role-taking
, 152–159, 168
accuracy
, 157
cognitive measures of
, 156
conceptualizations of
, 166
Schwalbe conceptualizes
, 160
Schwalbe’s contention
, 165
sociological concept of
, 153
sociological process
, 168
sociologists theorize
, 161
structural ontology
, 168
structural relationship of
, 167
theoretical models of
, 160
Saliency assumption
, 54
Salient diffuse
, 55
Scheduled participants
, 139
Schooling practices
, 133
Schwartz framework
, 180
Schwartz PVQ
, 184
Schwartz value survey
, 184
Scientific models blend theory
, 94
SCT. See Status characteristics theory (SCT)
Self-activity models
, 38, 40
Self-administered questionnaires
, 29
Self-evaluation
, 23, 26, 38–40
hypotheses
, 27
Self-in-self
, 168
Self-potency
, 23, 40
hypotheses
, 27, 40
Self-report instrument
, 158
Self-report scales
, 158
Self-sentiments
, 23, 26–29, 32, 34–36, 38, 40–43
dependent variables
, 30
descriptive statistics for variables
, 34–35
future research
, 43
hypotheses
, 27–28
analysis strategy
, 35–38
Sequencing assumption
, 54
Simulation Self Report Affective Measure (SSRAM)
, 160
Situations
, 180–182
Skin conductance tests
, 158
Social bonds
, 136
Social context
, 133
Social exchange networks
, 134–137
affect-based explanation
, 136–137
checks
, 145
dependent measure
, 141–142
design and participants
, 138–139
hypothesis tests
, 142–144
procedure
, 139–140
research design and predictions
, 136
structural explanation
, 137–138
Social inequalities
, 3
Socialization
, 165
Social life
, 2
dimension of
, 24
Social networks
, 131, 134, 136
Social psychology
, 131, 153, 188
Social rewards, positive/negative
, 50
Social situations
, 51
Social status, for predicting individual values
, 180
Social structures
, 2, 130, 131
reproduction/transformation, essential element
, 152
structural conditions
, 131
theoretical development
, 131–136
Social theory
, 152
Social Value Orientation model
, 180
Sociological social psychology
, 131
Sociological study
, 181
Sociologists
, 130
Southern University students, replication
, 40–41
Specific status characteristic
, 53
Spread of status value theories
, 13–15
Standard deviation (SD)
, 38
meta-analytically
, 104
Standardized experimental setting (SES)
, 109
Standard stimulus paradigm
, 156
Status beliefs
, 5–7, 13, 14
Status characteristics theory (SCT)
, 81–84, 86–89, 92–96, 104–106, 110, 116
application of
, 119
empirical data
, 104
graphic representation of
, 107
mathematics inherent
, 105
model
, 93, 94
outline of theories
, 3–4
propositions and graphical representations
, 116
relevant methodologies
, 118
standardized method
, 118
theoretical background
, 83–87
Status characteristics, types
, 181
Status Construction
, 4–6, 13–17
See also Spread of Status Value theories
Status Construction theory
, 13, 14
intriguing applications of
, 13
Status cues
, 51–52, 57–61, 63, 65–74
expressive vs. indicative
, 60
ethnic/regional dialect
, 51
relative impact testing of
, 61–66
indicative
, 60
modified ret model using empirical test
, 66–71
negative rewards, allocations of
, 57–61
status characteristics on rewards
differential impacts of
, 59–61
Status generalization process
, 54
Status hierarchy
, 203–204, 206
Status information
, 108
conveyance
, 52
Status processes
, 61
Status value
, 2
spread of
, 7–8
theory of power
, 8–15
Stereotype reduction
, 163
Stress independence
, 132
Structural social psychology
, 153
Structure-based hypothesis
, 138
Study-generated predicted score
, 122
Subsequent analyses
, 122
Subsequent deviance
, 22
Subsistence style theory
, 133
Supplemental analyses
, 211
Susceptibility to emotional contagion
, 158
Symbolic interactionism
, 160
Taped
, 139
Task-based measures
, 157
TESS. See Time-Sharing Experiments in the Social Sciences (TESS)
Time-Sharing Experiments in the Social Sciences (TESS)
, 89
control variables
, 90
dependent variable
, 90
independent variable
, 90
Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ)
, 158
Training school
, 30
Trier social stress test (TSST)
, 182
protocol
, 185
Trust, build/diminish
, 130
T-tests
, 40
Type I error
, 118
United States
juvenile delinquent sample
, 28
juvenile justice system
, 22
stress independence
, 132
Valued personal characteristic (VC)
, 62–63
Valued status expectations
, 53
Values
, 177–180
altruistic
, 180
diffuse status, effects of
, 186–187
intriguing future questions
, 188
life transitions
, 180
meso-level structure
, 176–177
questionnaire
, 195–196
reverse perspective
, 178
Schwartz framework
, 178, 179
Schwartz values measure
, 197–198
selftranscendence and self-enhancement
, 188
situational durability
, 188
Social Value Orientation measure
, 179
sociological perspective
, 177
sociological resurgence
, 176
sociological work
, 178
specific status, effects of
, 187–188
theorizing and research
, 177
t-tests for effects
, 188
World Values Survey
, 179
Variables, descriptive statistics
, 31
Varimax rotation, principal-factor analysis
, 33
VC. See Valued personal characteristic (VC)
Vicarious sharing of emotion
, 159
Virtual environment
, 204–205
Visual cues
availability of
, 202, 205–206
in CMC
, 202–203
Wald tests
, 212
treatment-assignment errors and outcome errors
, 38
Weak categorical cue gestalt
, 66
Wealth accumulation
, 14
Western cultures
, 130
- Prelims
- How Status Spreads
- Juvenile Delinquency, Criminal Sentiments, and Self-Sentiments: Exploring a Modified Labeling Theory Proposition
- Assessing the Impact of Status Information Conveyance on the Distribution of Negative Rewards: A Preliminary Test and Model
- The Status Value of Age and Gender: Modeling Combined Effects of Diffuse Status Characteristics
- Measuring the Impact of Status Manipulations Using Monte Carlo Simulations
- Social Structure and Cognitive Orientation
- Self-in-Self, Mind-in-Mind, Heart-in-Heart: The Future of Role-Taking, Perspective Taking, and Empathy
- The Situated Durability of Values
- Perceiving Groups During Computer-Mediated Communication
- Index