Prelims

Half Title Page

HOW UNIVERSITIES TRANSFORM OCCUPATIONS AND WORK IN THE 21ST CENTURY

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INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON EDUCATION AND SOCIETY

Series Editor: Alexander W. Wiseman

Recent Volumes:

Series Editor from Volume 11: Alexander W. Wiseman

Title Page

INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON EDUCATIONAND SOCIETY - VOLUME 47

HOW UNIVERSITIES TRANSFORM OCCUPATIONS AND WORK IN THE 21ST CENTURY: THE ACADEMIZATION OF GERMAN AND AMERICAN ECONOMIES

EDITED BY

MANFRED STOCK

Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany

ALEXANDER MITTERLE

Hamburg University, Germany

and

DAVID P. BAKER

Penn State University, USA

United Kingdom – North America – Japan – India – Malaysia – China

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Emerald Publishing Limited

Emerald Publishing, Floor 5, Northspring, 21-23 Wellington Street, Leeds LS1 4DL.

First edition 2024

Editorial Matter and Selection © 2024 Manfred Stock, Alexander Mitterle and David P. Baker.

Individual chapters © 2024 The authors.

Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited.

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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN: 978-1-83753-849-2 (Print)

ISBN: 978-1-83753-848-5 (Online)

ISBN: 978-1-83753-850-8 (Epub)

ISSN: 1479-3679 (Series)

Dedication Page

For the late Robert D. Reisz, whose thoughtful ideas and enthusiastic collaboration helped launch this book.

Contents

List of Figures and Tables

List of Abbreviations

About the editors

Manfred Stock is a Sociologist and Full Professor of Sociology of Education at the Institute of Sociology at the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg. He received his PhD from the Humboldt University Berlin and completed the German postdoctoral Habilitation degree at the Free University Berlin. His research focuses primarily on the relationship between educational systems and society, currently on the transformation of academic occupations. He has published monographs on the development of the German education system, on the social construction of employment in modernity, on university expansion in an international comparative perspective, and on universities in the world society.

Alexander Mitterle is a Political Scientist/Sociologist at the Department of Social Sciences at the University of Hamburg. He was a Member of the Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft (DFG) research group “mechanisms of elite education” and pursued research on higher education and social fields at the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg and at the Institute for Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprise (SME) Research (ifm) at the University of Mannheim. He published on various aspects of higher education, including stratification, internationality, career pathways, admissions, private higher education, and academic time. Among his recent publications are “Devices of Future Excellence” (2022 with R. Bloch, Research Evaluation) and the special section on “the Politics of Size in Higher Education” (2022, with S. Robertson and R. Bloch, Globalisation, Societies and Education).

David P. Baker is Professor of Sociology, Education, and Demography at the Pennsylvania State University, where he directs international research on the worldwide education revolution’s impact on science, global development, health, demographic regimes, occupations, and social stratification. His scholarship on universities and science received the 2023–2024 George Sarton Chair and Medalist in the history of science awarded by the University of Ghent, Belgium. In addition to publishing numerous technical scientific articles, he has authored Global Mega-Science: Universities, Research Collaborations, and Knowledge Production, Stanford University Press; The Century of Science: The Global Triumph of the Research University, Emerald Publishing; The Schooled Society: The Educational Transformation of Global Culture, Stanford University Press; and National Differences, Global Similarities: World Culture and the Future of Schooling, Stanford University Press. He is also a Visiting Professor on the Faculty of Humanities, Education & Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, and a Non-residential Fellow at The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC.

About the Contributors

Yuan Chih Fu is Associate Professor of the Graduate Institute of Technological and Vocational Education at National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech). He received his PhD degree in Higher Education from the Pennsylvania State University (2017). Before making his transition to academia, he worked in Taiwan’s Ministry of Education as a policymaker in higher education, dedicating his professional work to the construction of national data infrastructure and its application in higher education governance. With a dual identity of an empirical scholar and a policymaker, he translates knowledge into action, also as the Founder of the Taiwan Association for Institutional Research (est. 2015). His research focuses on the impact of educational policy on individual, higher education institutions, and society. His area of expertise is policy evaluation and quantitative research. His papers have been published in leading international journals (e.g., Studies in Higher Education, Higher Education, Journal of Higher Education, Higher Education Policy, Scientometrics, and Minerva). He received the distinguished Young Scholar Award at National Taipei University of Technology (2022) to honor his excellence in research.

Monique Lathan is a Research Associate at the Institute of Sociology at the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg. She studied Rehabilitation Psychology at the University of Applied Sciences Magdeburg-Stendal. She was a Research Assistant at the Institute for Higher Education Research Wittenberg at Martin-Luther-University (HoF) and later at the Center for School and Educational Research, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg. She received her doctorate on emancipatory subject theories from the Martin-Luther-University in 2020. The current focus of her research is studies on the expansion of higher education and academization of employment.

Annett Maiwald is Assistant Professor of Sociology of Education at Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany. After completing a Magister Artium (MA) in Sociology/Social Psychology from Leibniz-University Hannover, she obtained her PhD in Sociology from University Halle-Wittenberg. Her research focuses on early childhood education and care, notably questions of interactional relationships in educational organizations (kindergarten). From 2016 to 2020, she worked on higher education expansion and academization processes in pedagogical disciplines and on relating effects in educational practice. Since 2022, she is Project Leader of the Ministry-funded research project “Knowledge Transfer in the Field of ECEC” (BMBF), which examines the knowledge productions of pedagogy. It investigates how the higher education system attempts transfer its epistemic tools into practice and how this impacts on the occupational practice.

Annemarie Matthies is a Sociologist and Professor for Social Work at the IU Berlin (dual studies). She received her PhD from the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg. As a Member of the DFG research project “Academization of Employment,” she pursued research on the relation between academization and digitalization at the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg. Her teaching focuses on the transfer of theory into practice, occupational change through digitalization, and developments in professional fields of social work. Her research addresses the digitalization of work, the transformation of social work, and the role of universities in the digital transformation.

Maryellen Schaub is a Sociologist of Education and Teaching Professor at the Pennsylvania State University. Her research includes several US and comparative areas such as the intensification of cognitive demands on young children, the cultural significance of education, and the expansion of child rights worldwide. Her new book is titled Motherhood, Childhood and Parenting in an Age of Education: An Invited Invasion. It is about the fundamental transformation of motherhood and childhood as education, our largest social intervention, grows in institutional strength, and the evolution of parenting to a more schooled and cognitively based developmental approach.

Christoph Schubert is a Research Associate at the Institute of Sociology at Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, specializing in educational sociology. In addition to his work in higher education research, organizational sociology, and the digital transformation of society, his research focuses specifically on rural sociology and demographic change. He earned his doctoral degree at the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg in the field of social structure analysis, with a research emphasis on coping with demographic change in small rural communities through the active involvement of civil society, local politics, and administration.

Yuen-Hsien Tseng received his MS and PhD degrees from the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, in 1989 and 1993, respectively. He has been a Fu Jen Catholic University Professor for 10 years since 1995. In 2005, he joined National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU) and was awarded as a Distinguished Researcher since 2011. Since 2021, he has been recognized as a career-long (1960–2020) World’s Top 2% Scientist. In 2022, he became a Distinguished Professor at NTNU. His research interests include text mining, information retrieval, natural language processing, deep learning, education science, and their applications.