Access-centred approach

, 20

Access-to-assets models

, 71

Action theory

, 71

Actor–network theories

, 181

Adaptive capacity

, 75

Adjustment costs

, 135–136

Adoption-Diffusion Model (ADM)

, 138

AFNs. See Alternative food networks (AFNs)

Agency-oriented factors

, 71

Agency theory

, 144

Agricultural Household Model (AHM)

, 129, 146

Agricultural knowledge and innovation systems (AKIS)

, 5, 137, 173

Agricultural knowledge systems

, 172

Agricultural livelihood strategy

, 28

Agro-food system

, 108–109, 174

Agro-industrial competitiveness

, 141, 143

Agro-industrial models

, 114–115

Alternative food networks (AFNs)

, 108, 109

Analytical knowledge

, 181

Appraisal rules

, 118

Assemblages

, 107–108

actor-centred vision

, 113

agri-food models

, 108–109

agro-industrial models

, 114–115

cognitive factors

, 114

domestic models

, 114

ecological function

, 116

food security

, 109–110

GLAMUR project

, 110, 112

governance

, 117–119

intermediate system

, 112

local and global supply chains performance

, 110, 111

modern and traditional types

, 112

multidimensional and multilevel approach

, 119

normative factors

, 114

organic quality product

, 114

policy tools

, 117

re-assembling process

, 116

regional food systems

, 117

socio-technical configurations

, 112

socio-technical entities

, 113

sustainability assessment

, 116, 117

sustainability dimensions and attributes

, 110

territorialization

, 114

territorialized food systems

, 115, 117

TRANSMANGO project

, 116

Bargaining-oriented approach

, 185

Blurring farm borders

, 143–144

Business resilience

, 160

Civil society organizations (CSOs)

, 116, 118, 119

Climate change

, 33, 43, 70–71, 138, 187, 196

Codified knowledge

, 181

Cognitive institutions

, 56

Commitment rules

, 118

Community food security (CFS)

, 30–31

Conceptual model of food system

, 2

activities

, 45–48

barriers

, 57–58

choices

, 58

cross-level and cross-scale interactions

, 60

demand

, 50–51

ecosystem with technology

, 44

feedbacks

, 59–60

food system regime

, 44, 45

human-made assets

, 51–55

institutions

, 44, 55–57

loss and waste management

, 51

multiple scales and levels

, 59, 60, 61

natural assets

, 51–53

outcomes

, 55

power relations

, 44, 58–59

socioecological system (SES)

, 44

sociotechnical system (STS)

, 44

supply

, 48–50

Conditions-Strategies-Performances (CSP) model

, 150

attitudes

, 138

decision-making process

, 127–128

external conditions

, 130–136

internal conditions

, 128–130

perception

, 136–137

producer performances

, 157–159

risk-aversion level

, 138

self-organizing system

, 136

social learning and knowledge

, 137

Contract, types

, 155, 156

Crisis and conflict theory

, 71

Cross-resources/cross-service costs

, 52

Cultural economy model

, 42

Decision-making process

, 127–128, 139–140, 188, 199–200

Demand-driven approach

, 195

Direct entitlements

, 25

Ecological services

, 82, 101, 134

Entitlement approach

, 23, 25–26, 70

Environmental awareness

, 195

Environmental security

, 55

Ericksen model

, 11

Ex ante and ex post risks

, 154

Export-oriented industrial food systems

, 16

Exposure

, 74

Extended governance

, 63, 119

External pressures, innovation drivers

, 196

Family farming strategies

, 2, 129, 136, 161

Farm-generated income

, 32

Financial assets

, 54

Financial market

, 133

Financial resources

, 143

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

, 24, 28, 51, 172

Food and nutrition security (FNS)

, 1–5, 10, 109

access dimension

, 21–22

agency dimension

, 23

availability dimension

, 21

community food security (CFS)

, 30–31

control dimension

, 23

ecosystem services

, 43

entitlement approach

, 23, 25–26

food citizenship

, 30

food democracy

, 29–30

food insecurity

, 13

food security, defined

, 20

food sovereignty

, 26–27

vs. food system

, 11, 12, 15

frames

, 34

livelihoods approach

, 27–29

neoproductivist framework

, 24–25

outcomes

, 52, 61

productivism

, 24

Right to Food

, 29

small farms’ contribution. See also Small farms’ contribution

, 40

social and economic factors

, 55

stability dimension

, 22–23

sustainable

, 14, 15, 21, 31–35

utilization dimension

, 22

vulnerability assessment

, 42

Food chain models

, 40, 41

Food citizenship

, 29, 30

Food consumption system

, 10, 13, 14, 15

Food context models

, 41

Food cycle models

, 41

Food demand

, 45, 46, 50–51, 62, 133

Food democracy

, 29–30

Food insecurity

, 20, 22, 28

Food loss and waste management

, 51

Food poverty

, 80

Food processing and packaging

, 50

Food production system

, 10, 13, 14

Food security, defined

, 20

Food sovereignty

, 4, 26–27

Food supply

, 48–50, 62

Food systems

activities

, 11, 40, 41

assemblages. See Assemblages

components. See also Conceptual model of food system

, 41

conceptualizations

, 11, 41, 42

consumption system

, 13, 14, 15

cultural economy model

, 42

defined

, 10

diversity

, 33

ecological aspect

, 62

economic aspect

, 62

Ericksen model

, 11

export-oriented industrial food systems

, 16

global environmental change (GEC)

, 43

governance

, 13, 63–64

imported food

, 14

insecurity

, 13

mixed farming

, 16

multi-actor systems

, 17

multisystem interactions

, 61–62

outcomes

, 42, 43

political aspect

, 62

production system

, 13, 14

regional approach

, 12, 16

self-production

, 13

small farms

, 17–18

small farms’ connections

, 12

social aspect

, 62

spatial representation

, 15

supermarketization

, 10–11

technological aspect

, 62

territorial approach

, 12, 16

types

, 41

vulnerability

, 40, 42–43

Food web models

, 41

Foresight Report

, 24

Foucault’s theory

, 181

Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping (FCM)

, 100

Giddens’ theory

, 181

GLAMUR project

, 110, 112

Global Environmental Change and Food Systems (GECAFS)

, 42, 43

Global environmental change (GEC)

, 43

Granovetter’ theory

, 181

High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security (HLPE)

, 9–12, 20

Household resilience

, 160

Human assets

, 54

Human Ecology

, 70

Human-made assets

, 45, 51–55, 57–59, 73

Indirect entitlements

, 25–26

Innovation policies

agricultural/RD innovation

, 172

agro-food system

, 174

awareness

, 173

conventional vs. alternative paradigms

, 175

drivers role

, 194

environmental impact, industrial agriculture

, 172

first-order innovation

, 175

goals

, 194, 195

governance pattern

, 199–200

liberalization

, 172

MULTAGRI project

, 175

productivist

, 174

retailers

, 173

rural development

, 172

second-order change

, 174

second-order/radical innovation. See also Second-order/radical innovation

, 175

small farmers

, 194–199

supermarkets

, 173

SUS-CHAIN project

, 175

tandem operation projects

, 173

top-down approach

, 172

transformational potential

, 188

Institutional arrangements (IAs)

conditions

, 147, 148

contract types

, 155, 156

coordination mechanisms

, 154

dimensions

, 152, 153

ex ante and ex post risks

, 154

formal constraints

, 147

formal rules

, 148

governance types

, 150

horizontal cooperation

, 148–149

incentive mechanisms

, 155

informal rules

, 147

market organization

, 148

overarching strategy

, 150–152

relational contract

, 155

settlement risks

, 155

social environmental level

, 147–148

socio-demographic conditions

, 147–148

socio-institutional conditions

, 148

supply chain

, 152–153

vertical cooperation

, 148–150

Insurance market

, 133

Intellectual assets

, 54

Internal governance

, 63, 119

Internal pressures, innovation drivers

, 196

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

, 77

Knowledge infrastructures

, 200

Learning process

, 179–180

Livelihood framework

, 77

Livelihood security model

, 27–29

Livestock production

, 49

Malnutrition

, 22

Market imperfections

, 134–136

Market organization

, 148

Market orientation

, 143

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA)

, 53

MULTAGRI project

, 175

Multilevel perspective (MLP)

features

, 177–178

macro level

, 181–184

meso level

, 180–181

micro level

, 179–180

societal functions

, 178

socio-technical landscape

, 178

transition theory

, 177, 178

Natural assets

, 45, 51–53, 57–59, 73

Natural hazards approach

, 70

Neo-classical economic approach

, 144

Neo-institutional approach

, 144

Neoliberal development discourse

, 26

Neoliberal entrenchment

, 24

Neoproductivist framework

, 24–25

Non-agricultural livelihood strategy

, 28

Normative institutions

, 56

Nutrient management scheme

, 196

Nutrition security. See also Food and nutrition security (FNS)

, 21, 28, 29

consumers’ awareness

, 33

malnutrition

, 22

regional consumption

, 31

small farms

, 20

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

, 12

Panarchy Framework

, 42

Physical assets

, 54

Policy. See also Innovation policies

, 133

Post-war productivism

, 24

Pressure and Release model

, 70

Production-centred approach

, 20

Productivism

, 24, 27, 35

Purpose-filled-in matrix

, 100

Regional governance patterns

, 64

Regional production system

, 13, 14

Regulations

, 133

Regulative institutions

, 56

Relational contract

, 155

Resilience Alliance

, 97

Right to Food

, 29

Risk exposure

, 133

Risk management

, 145–146

Risk-taking activities

, 50

Royal Society report

, 24–25

Rural development

, 144–145

SALSA project

, 4

Second-order/radical innovation

, 5

black box

, 176

dynamics

, 185–187

echnological artefacts

, 177

linear model

, 176

multilevel perspective (MLP). See Multilevel perspective (MLP)

neo-classical models

, 176

Self-enforced contract

, 155

Self-organizing system

, 136

Self-reliance

, 30–31

Self-service

, 173

Self-weighting tools

, 173

Semi-subsistence farming

, 32, 35

Sensitivity

, 74

SES. See Socioecological system (SES)

Settlement risks

, 155

Seven-step framework, vulnerability assessment

adaptation strategies

, 103

characteristics

, 96–97

cross-scale and cross-level connections

, 95

ecological services

, 101

factors identification and analysis

, 93–95

food system profile

, 90–91

framework matrix

, 100, 102

Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping (FCM)

, 100

model pathways

, 98–99

outcomes

, 92–93

performance

, 91–92

purpose-filled-in matrix

, 100

qualitative and quantitative elements

, 100

Resilience Alliance

, 97

shocks and stresses

, 88, 89

social services

, 101

stakeholders engagement

, 88–89

TRANSMANGO matrix

, 97

two-way communication

, 89–90

Vulnerability Scoping Diagram (VSD)

, 99–100

Small farms’ behaviour

agro-industrial competitiveness

, 141, 143

blurring farm borders

, 143–144

complementary strategies

, 140

Conditions-Strategies-Performances (CSP) model. See also Conditions-Strategies-Performances (CSP) model

, 126

copes with decline

, 146–147

decision-making process

, 126

external factors

, 127

farmer-centred approach

, 126

institutional arrangements (IAs). See also Institutional arrangements (IAs)

, 126

intermediate and cross-cutting strategies

, 139–140

performances and farm resilience

, 159–161

political support

, 146

qualitative and quantitative analysis

, 126

risk management

, 145–146

rural development

, 144–145

strategic planning

, 127

strategies range

, 139

strategy types and clusters identification

, 140–142

Small farms’ contribution

, 31–35

Social assets

, 54

Social capital

, 180

Social innovation

, 173

Social justice

, 30

Social learning

, 180, 200

knowledge

, 137

Social-science frameworks

, 81

Socio-demographic factors

, 134

Socio-ecological resilience

, 160–161

Socio-ecological system (SES)

, 44, 59, 75–76, 87–88, 97

Socioeconomic vulnerability factors

, 71, 72

Socioeconomic welfare

, 61

Socio-institutional factors

, 133–134

Socio-spatial knowledge networks (SSKN)

, 137

Socio-technical system (STS)

, 44, 59, 87–88, 186, 187

actors

, 182–183

artefacts

, 184

components

, 182

material elements

, 181

rules and institutions

, 183–184

Solidarity networks

, 26

Stakeholders engagement

, 88–89

Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) approach

, 127

Subsistence farming

, 32, 35

SUFISA project

, 126, 127, 129, 130, 131, 139

Supermarketization

, 10–11, 173

Support schemes

, 196

SUS-CHAIN project

, 175

Sustainable intensification

, 24, 25

Sustainable Livelihood Framework

, 52

Synthetic knowledge

, 181

Tacit knowledge

, 181, 186

Technocratic development discourse

, 26

Technological devices and methods

, 133

Territorialized agro-food systems

, 12, 13, 16, 115, 117

Threats

, 71

Toronto Food Policy Council

, 30

Transaction costs

, 134–136

Transition theory

, 177, 178, 188

TRANSMANGO project

, 80, 81, 97, 116

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

, 10, 12, 112

Unpacking food systems. See Food systems

Vulnerability

, 2, 4, 48, 62, 177

assessment. See also Vulnerability assessment

, 42, 43, 52, 54–55

climate change

, 43, 70

components

, 73–75

defined

, 73

Entitlements’ approach

, 70

external factors

, 71, 72, 73

generic factors

, 73

hazards, defined

, 70–71

households and regions

, 40

Human Ecology

, 70

human-made assets

, 54–55

institutional systems

, 57

internal factors

, 71, 72, 73

level

, 53

natural hazards approach

, 70

Panarchy Framework

, 42

perturbation

, 71

policy implications

, 60

Pressure and Release model

, 70

specific factors

, 73

sphere and knowledge domain

, 71

stress

, 71

Vulnerability assessment

‘access’ model

, 77

causes

, 76–77, 80

determinants

, 79

dimensions

, 87

elements

, 84

environmental change

, 83

features

, 81

individuals and households

, 78–79

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

, 77

model

, 84

observed systems, characteristics

, 75–76

right-based approach

, 78

root causes identification

, 82, 87

seven-step method. See Seven-step framework, vulnerability assessment

social approach integration

, 82

social-science frameworks

, 81

sustainability

, 84

synthesis

, 83

system(s)/people drivers

, 83

transgresses disciplines

, 81

TRANSMANGO framework

, 80, 81

Vulnerability Scoping Diagram (VSD)

, 99–100