Prelims

Half Title Page

Globalisation and COVID-19

Series Page

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONFLICT MANAGEMENT, PEACE ECONOMICS AND DEVELOPMENT

Series Editor: Manas Chatterji

Books in the Series

• Military Missions and their Implications Reconsidered: The Aftermath of September 11th, edited by G. Caforio and G. Kummel

• Managing Conflict in Economic Convergence of Regions in Greater Europe, Edited by F. Carluer

• Cultural Differences between the Military and Parent Society in Democratic Countries, edited by G. Caforio

• Conflict and Peace in South Asia, edited by M. Chatterji and B. M. Jain

• War, Peace, and Security, edited by J. Fontanel and M. Chatterji

• Armed Forces and Conflict Resolution, edited by G. Caforio, G. Kummel and B. Purkayastha

• Regional Development and Conflict Management: A Case for Brazil, Edited by R. Bar-El

• Crisis, Complexity and Conflict, Edited by I. J. Azis

• Putting Teeth in the Tiger: Improving the Effectiveness of Arms Embargoes, edited by M. Brzoska and G. A. Lopez

• Peace Science: Theory and Cases, Edited by P. Gangopadhyay and M. Chatterji

• Advances in Military Sociology: Essays in Honor of Charles C. Moskos (Two Volume Set), edited by G. Caforio

• Arms and Conflict in the Middle East, Edited by R. A. Attar

• Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal, and Political Perspectives, edited by B. E. Goldsmith and J. Brauer

• Conflict, Complexity and Mathematical Social Science, Edited by G. Burt

• Frontiers of Peace Economics and Peace Science, edited by M. Chatterji, C. Bo and R. Misra

• Ethnic Conflict, Civil War and Cost of Conflict, edited by R. Caruso

• Governance, Development and Conflict, edited by M. Chatterji, D. Gopal and S. Singh

• New Wars, New Militaries, New Soldiers? Conflicts, the Armed Forces and the Soldierly Subject, edited by G. Kummel and J. Soeters

• Cooperation for a Peaceful and Sustainable World, Part 1, edited by C. Bo, M. Chatterji and H. Chaoyan

• Cooperation for a Peaceful and Sustainable World, Part 2, edited by L. Junsheng, C. Bo and H. Na

• Nuclear Disarmament: Regional Perspectives on Progress, edited by P. M. Kamath

• Understanding Terrorism: A Socio-economic Perspective, Edited by: R Caruso, A. Locatelli

• The Evolving Boundaries of Defence: An Assessment of Recent Shifts in Defence Activities, edited by R. Bellais

• Business, Ethics and Peace, Edited by L. Bouckaert & M. Chatterji

• Emotions, Decision-Making, Conflict and Cooperation, Edited by U. Luterbacher

• Integral Ecology and Sustainable Business, Edited by O. Jakobsen and L. Zsolna

• Disarmament, Peace and Development, Edited by R. Braun, C. Archer, I. Breines, M. Chatterji and A. Skiljan

• How Do Leaders Make Decisions? Evidence from the East and West, Part A, Edited by A. Mintz and D. Adamsky

• How Do Leaders Make Decisions? Evidence from the East and West, Part B, Edited by A. Mintz and D. Adamsky

• New Frontiers in Conflict Management and Peace Economics: With a Focus on Human Security, Edited by M. Chatterji and P. Gangopadhyay

• Technology, Society, and Conflict, Edited by E.G. Popkova and M. Chatterji

Title Page

Contributions to Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development - Volume 31

GLOBALISATION AND COVID-19

EDITED BY

MANAS CHATTERJI

Binghamton University, USA

URS LUTERBACHER

Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Switzerland

VALÉRIE FERT

GMAP-Artificial Intelligence System Mileva, Switzerland

AND

BO CHEN

Central University of Finance and Economics, China

United Kingdom – North America – Japan – India – Malaysia – China

Copyright Page

Emerald Publishing Limited

Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley BD16 1WA, UK

First edition 2023

Editorial matter and selection © 2023 Manas Chatterji, Urs Luterbacher, Valérie Fert, and Bo Chen.

Individual chapters © 2023 The authors.

Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited.

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No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence permitting restricted copying issued in the UK by The Copyright Licensing Agency and in the USA by The Copyright Clearance Center. Any opinions expressed in the chapters are those of the authors. Whilst Emerald makes every effort to ensure the quality and accuracy of its content, Emerald makes no representation implied or otherwise, as to the chapters’ suitability and application and disclaims any warranties, express or implied, to their use.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN: 978-1-80262-532-5 (Print)

ISBN: 978-1-80262-531-8 (Online)

ISBN: 978-1-80262-533-2 (Epub)

ISSN: 1572-8323 (Series)

Contents

About the Editors

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Manas Chatterji (Binghamton University, USA, and Guest Professor, Peking University) is a Professor of Management and Adjunct Professor in Economics and the Asian and Asian-American Studies Program at Binghamton University, State University of New York, Guest Professor, Peking University, Visiting Professor, Central University of Finance and Economics, and Distinguished Professor in Poznan University, Poland. He also served as a Richard P. Nathan Fellow in Public Policy at Rockefeller Institute of Government, SUNY. He is a Distinguished Fellow in the Program in Political Psychology and Decision Making (POP-DM) at Lauder School of Government, Diplomacy and Strategy, Israel. He was also an Honorary Distinguished Professor at Indian Institute of Management-Calcutta, India and George Mason University, USA. He is an Elected Member of Polish Academy of Science – Committee on Regional Planning. He is currently a Fellow of the international organisation Economists for Peace and Security. He previously taught at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania and has held visiting appointments at Cornell University, Erasmus University, University of Karlsruhe, University of Munster and many other universities in the United States, Europe, Asia and South Africa. He established the Mahatma Gandhi International Research Centre on Conflict Prevention and Management in Bangalore, India.

He organised several events in the past. He has organised international meetings on Peace Science, Disaster Management, Health Care, Technology Management, Disaster Management, etc. in many countries including Japan, China, and Russia. During his career, he has edited three journals and serves on editorial boards of many others. Presently, he is the co-editor of International Studies of Peace Economics and Peace Science published by Cambridge Scholars, UK. He is also the General Editor of a book series on Contributions to Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development published by Emerald Publishing Company, UK. Twenty-seven volumes in this series have been published and two more are forthcoming. He has authored/edited more than 30 books and published about 80 scholarly articles in the areas of Peace Science, Military Spending, Disarmament, Economic Conversion, Conflict Management, Regional Science, Technology Management, Health Care Management, Energy, Environmental and Urban Management. He got his B.A. (with honours in Statistics) at Calcutta University, M.A. (Statistics) at Calcutta University, and Ph.D. at Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania.

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Urs Luterbacher is an Honorary Professor of Political Science and International Relations, Graduate Institute for Higher International and Development Studies (IHEID – Geneva), where he taught from 1973 to 2011. He was also a Visiting Professor at the University of Nebraska (1984) and at the Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences of the University of Michigan (1990 – 1991). He has done work on problems of international conflict and cooperation and international environmental problems, using formal models and game theory. He is a Member of ProClim the Forum for Climate and Global Change of the Swiss Academy of Sciences and of the Consultative Organ on Climate Change, a committee set up by the Swiss Academy of Sciences to advise the Swiss government on climate change. He is also the Founding-member of GMAP, a Swiss independent think-tank devoted to the analysis and future-oriented studies of the twenty-first century major transformations. He currently contributes to the Artificial Intelligence System Mileva by implementing statistical methods of verification and various theoretical approaches. For instance, he entered the types 1 and 2 errors into the system, which allow to refine the probability of the forecasts. He is the author among other things of Dynamic Models of International Conflict (ed.) with Michael D. Ward. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1985; Cooperative Models in International Relations Research (ed.) with Michael D. Intriligator: Kluwer, 1994; International Relations and Global Climate Change with Detlef Sprinz, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001; Emotions, Decision-Making, Conflict and Cooperation Bingley, UK: Emerald Press, 2017; Global Climate Policy: Actors, Concepts, and Enduring Challenges, with Detlef Sprinz, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press 2018; And also of “Predicting Crises and Monitoring Their Evolution” with Thierry Lorho and Valérie Fert, International Journal of Peace Economics, 1(1): 1–40, 2016.

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Valérie Fert is the President of GMAP, a Swiss independent think-tank devoted to the analysis and future-oriented studies of the twenty-first century major transformations, Co-designer and Principal Data Analyst of the artificial intelligence system Mileva, an advanced tool with a unique quantum approach. She was a graduate in history of the French Ecole Normale Superieure. She focusses on the analysis and forecast of complex geopolitical, economic and societal issues and conducts research on complexity, epistemes and patterns of long-term major geo-historical transformations. On the basis of the AI system Mileva, she has led future-oriented studies for NASA, the department of cyber international relations of the MIT, the Sanctions Committee to the UN Security Council, Aga Khan Development Network and numerous NGOs and International NGOs. Also, on the basis of the AI Mileva, she has contributed to the development of a rating system in the field of CSR, totally transparent, interactive, forward-looking and contextualised, thus transforming the rating into a real steering and decision-making tool. This rating system is used by the 215 universities, members of the International Federation of Catholic Universities. Similarly, she is currently contributing to the establishment of an early warning platform for epidemic risks and their potential impacts. She is the co-author, among others, of ‘COVID-19: Towards a World Risk Society’ (under the direction of François Mabille – L’Harmattan 2021), ‘Predicting Crises and Monitoring their Evolution’ (with Thierry Lorho and Urs Luterbacher – International Journal of Peace Economics and Peace Science 2016), ‘Enjeux géopolitiques de l’environnement: énergies, marches, conflits’ (with François Mabille, ed. Du Cygne – 2013).

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Bo Chen is the Dean of the Institute of Defence Economics and Management, Central University of Finance and Economics (Beijing), he served as a Visiting Scholar at the Department of Economics and Department of Politics, University of California at Los Angeles (2008) and Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University (2009). His research interests include defence economics, economy and national security, strategy and conflict economics, war and finance, international political economics, defence industry, and defence budget and military spending. He is the Editor of ‘Cooperation for a Peaceful and Sustainable World’ (Emerald Group Publishing, 2012), ‘Frontiers of Peace Economics and Peace Science’ (Emerald Group Publishing, 2011). He is the author of 8 books, including ‘National Defence Economics Thought’ (Economic Science Press, 2013), ‘The Frontiers of National Defence Economics’ (Economic Science Press, 2010) etc., and his articles have appeared in such journals as Defence and Peace Economics, China Military Science, etc. He is also the Co-Chair of the International Conference on Conflict Management, Peace Economics & Peace Science. He holds a Ph.D. in Defence Economics from the National Defence University, a M.S. in Applied Economics from Wuhan University, and a B.S. in Biology from Northwest University.

About the Contributors

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Rémi Boyer has been a Chief Human Resources and CSR since 2016, a Member of the Group Executive committee of the Korian Group, the leading European Care Services Group for elderly and fragile people, with 60,000 employees across Europe. Before Korian, he spent 20 years in the industry, first at the steel industry worldwide giant ArcelorMittal from 1998 to 2010, based in Luxembourg, and then at the French carmaker PSA Peugeot Citroen, from 2010 to 2016. In these two companies, he held various international positions mainly as Senior Vice President HR at divisional and Group levels but also as CSR VP and Secretary General to the Group Management Board. He is a Graduate in History and International Relations of the French Ecole Normale Supérieure. He started his career as a Lecturer in Contemporary History at the University of Paris Sorbonne in 1991 and also spent two years on the staff of the French Ministry of Education from 1995 to 1997. He is the co-author of a report to the French Government in 1995 on the French Educational System ‘Pour l’Ecole’, directed by the former Minister Roger Fauroux, published by ed. Calmann-Lévy in 1996.

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Riccardo Cappellin is a Professor of Applied Economics, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’. He was among the founders in 1980 of the Italian Association of Regional Sciences (AISRe) and its first Secretary and then from 2010 to 2013 President of AISRe. He is now the Coordinator of the research network: ‘Growth, Investments and Territory’, created in October 2013, which has published three ebooks and organised five Policy Workshops, a Policy forum at the EU- Economic and Social Committee and the Italian Economic and Social Council and sessions at the ERSA and the Regional Studies Associations. The recent results of these seminars have recently been published on ‘Symphonya, Emerging Issues in Management’, n. 2, 2020, http://symphonya.unicusano.it/. He studied at the University of Pennsylvania with Walter Isard, founder of the Regional Science Association, and with Lawrence R. Klein, 1980 Nobel Prize for Economics. He was an Associate Professor at the Bocconi University, Full Professor at the University of Calabria and then Full Professor at the University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, where he actually teaches Applied Economics. His recent publications (available on: https://uniroma2.academia.edu/RiccardoCappellin) focus on industrial policies, knowledge and innovation economics, knowledge-intensive services, urban policies, decentralisation and governance in national policies and on European integration.

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Zhipei Chi is an Associate Research Fellow in the Institute of Defence Economics and Management at Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China. His areas of interest include technology competition between states, China–US relations and Economic statecraft. He has published several related articles in peer-reviewed Chinese journals and a monograph on the technology cold war between China and the United States. He received his Bachelor and Master’s degrees in Philosophy from the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies of Peking University in 2006 and 2009, respectively. After earning his Doctoral degree in Political Science from Arizona State University in 2014, he started his current position at Central University in 2015.

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Sophie Croome is a Student in Boise State’s Master of Economics program. Her thesis studies the effect COVID-19 policies influenced people’s recreational activities in Idaho parks. Her research interests are in environmental economics, microeconomic theory, and conflict and peace economics. She is expected to graduate in May 2022.

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Marc Finaud is a former French diplomat who has been seconded to the Geneva Centre for Security Policy between 2004 and 2013 and then worked until 2022 for this international foundation, where he trained diplomats and military officers in international and human security, and conducted research in those fields. He is also the Founding-member of GMAP, a Swiss independent think-tank devoted to the analysis and future-oriented studies of the twenty-first century major transformations. During his 36-year career as a diplomat (from 1977 to 2013), he served in several bilateral postings (in the Soviet Union, Poland, Israel, Australia) as well as in multilateral missions (to the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe, the Conference on Disarmament, the United Nations). He was also a Senior Resident Fellow (WMD Programme) at the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR) between 2013 and 2015. Since 2016, he is also a Swiss citizen. He is the author, among others, of ‘Global Biosecurity: Towards a New Governance Paradigm’, with N. Al-Rodhan et al., Slatkine, Geneva (2008), ‘Multilateralism and Transnational Security: A Synthesis of Win-win Solutions’, with N. Al-Rodhan et al., Slatkine, Geneva (2009), ‘L’arme nucléaire : Éliminons-la avant qu’elle nous élimine’, L’Harmattan, Paris (2020), ‘COVID-19: Toward a World Risk Society’, François Mabille dir., L’Harmattan, Paris (2021).

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Jacques Fontanel, Professor at ILERI at Paris (Institut Libre des Etudes de Relations Internationales de Paris), former Professor and vice-President at the University of Grenoble. He has published numerous articles on the economics of international security, peace and state action. He has been a consultant to international organisations, notably for UN0 and UNIDIR.

He holds a Doctorate in Economics from the University of Paris X Nanterre and the University of Social Sciences of Grenoble. He holds an Honorary Doctorate from the St. Petersburg State University of Economics and Finance.

Main publications:

• Fontanel, J., & Smith, R. (1985). L’effort économique de défense, Ares, Défense et Sécurité, Supplément n° 4 - Novembre 1985.

• Barre, R., & Fontanel, J. (1991). Principes de politique économique, Collection “L’Economie en Plus”, Presses Universitaires de Grenoble, Grenoble.

• Fontanel, J., Galbraith, K., Isard, W., & Klein, L. (1993). Economistes de la paix, Economie en Plus, PUG.

• Fontanel, J., & Gaidar, E. (1998). L’avenir de l’économie russe en question, PUG, Débats.

• Fontanel, J. (2001). L’action économique de l’Etat, Pour Comprendre. Paris: L’Harmattan.

• Fontanel, J., & Samson, I. (2003). Les liaisons dangereuses de l’Etat et de l’économie russe, Pour Comprendre. Paris: L’Harmattan.

• Fontanel, J. (2005). La globalisation en analyse, Géoéconomie et Stratégie des acteurs. Collection « Côté cours », L’Harmattan, Paris.

• Fontanel, J. (2007). Questions d’éthique, Collection « les idées et les théories à l’épreuve des faits ». Paris: L’Harmattan.

• Fontanel, J., & Chatterji, M. (2008). War, peace and security, contributions to conflict management, peace economics, and development (Vol. 6). London: Emerald.

• Fontanel, Mº., & Fontanel, J. (Ed.) (2009). Géoéconomie des Jeux Olympiques. Le sport au coeur de la politique et de l’économie internationales, Collection “Les idées et les théories à l’épreuve des faits”, L’Harmattan.

• Fontanel, J. (2016). Paradis fiscaux, pays filous. La fuite organisée des impôts vers les pays complices fiscaux. Paris: L’Harmattan.

• Fontanel, J. (2019). « Géopolitique de la Mediterranée. Un territoire de conflits économiques, politiques, religieux, environnementaux et humanitaires », in La Méditerranée, enjeu géopolitique mondial, (Matmati, M. Ed.) Economica, Paris.

• Fontanel, J., & Touatam, A. (2019). Le Rapport Alternatif sur l’Afrique. Un projet continental utile, mais incomplet. PSEI paix et Sécurité européenne et internationale, n° 13, Nice. http://revel.unice.fr/psei/.

• Aben, J., & Fontanel, J. (2019, March). Military expenditure as a proxy for State’s power. Defence and Peace Economics, 30(2).

• Fontanel, J. (2021). Mondialisation privée et impasses du multilatéralisme intergouvernemental, Question internationales, Janvier-Février.

• Brunat, E., & Fontanel, J. (2021). La science économique comme idéologie. La science de gestion comme viatique de l’actionnaire, Marchés et organisation.

• Fontanel, J. (2022). L’interopérabilité des matériels militaires de l’OTAN, Questions Internationales, n°111. Janvier-Février.

• Fontanel, J. (2021). L’Europe des paradis fiscaux, Université Grenoble-Alpes. Liber Amicorum, Mélanges en l’honneur de Madame la Professeure Catherine Schneider.

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Thierry Lorho is a Computer Engineer and Information Scientist, Expert in artificial intelligence and the quantum approach of information theory and decision theory. He is a Graduate of the Institut Mines-Telecom and holds a MBA from Paris-Dauphine University. Beside his work on the advanced artificial intelligence system Mileva, he has 25 years of experience in the banking information services with a leading European IT Consultancy. He conducts research with Prof Urs Luterbacher (Graduate Institute of International Studies and Development). Both co-authored “Predicting Crises and Monitoring their Evolution”, in “International Journal of Peace Economics and Peace Science” (Cambridge Scholars Publishing).

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Dr Norio Okada graduated in 1970, received M. Eng. in 1972 and Dr. Eng. in 1977 all from the Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto University. His academic background is civil and environmental engineering, mathematical modelling and systems approach to infrastructure planning and management. His major research interests are twofold: methodological development and application, and field-based research for planning and management of physical and human systems, particularly related to natural disasters, the environment, water resources and infrastructure systems. His methodological foci include (i) risk management and governance, (ii) conflict management and game theoretic approaches, and (iii) adaptive management of complex systems under high uncertainty. Since 2001, he has been leading an extensive international research initiative to establish a new cross-disciplinary research area called Integrated Disaster Risk Management, by organising a series of international conferences and workshops in collaboration with the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria. This research initiative has resulted in the formation of the new academic society called ‘The International Society for Integrated Disaster Risk Management’ (IDRiM Society) of which he has become elected as the first President since September 2010.

He is a Fellow and the former Council Member of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Council Member of the Society for Risk Analysis – Japan Section, and a Member of many domestic and international academic societies such as the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC) Society. He has served on advisory committees for many government agencies in Japan on environmental and risk management as well as urban planning. Additionally, he has been contributing to global initiatives related to international research and policy development activities by serving as a member of the Scientific Technical Council of the International Risk Governance Council (IRGC), Geneva, and by leading its new project on ‘Risk Governance of Maritime Global Critical Infrastructure under Extreme Events’. Till 2012 he has also served on the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)’s special advisory committee.

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Camille Raillon holds a PhD in Political Science on the concept of resilience in the humanitarian space – and has been a Researcher on education, health and resilience issues for more than 8 years. She is currently a Scientific Officer at the Red Cross Foundation and has worked for the last few years as a Research Fellow for the International Federation of the Catholic Universities – IFCU. She has coordinated several research projects on global health, foresight and potential epidemics. Since 2021, she has also been developing the ‘French Future Institute’, an international network of experts in foresight at the service of NGOs, OSIs and public bodies. She co-authored the book COVID-19, Toward a World Risk Society (L’Harmattan, February 2021).

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Shikha Silwal is an Associate Prof of Economics at Washington and Lee University (W&L). Her research interests are in the areas of development, conflict and peace studies, and law and economics. Her recent publication include a journal article titled, “The Economics of Looting and Destruction of Cultural Heritage Objects and Sites,” published at Defense and Peace Economics and a book titled, The Economics of Conflict and Peace: History and Application, published as part of Elements series by the Cambridge University Press.

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Tanguy Struye de Swielande is a Professor of International Relations at the Catholic University of Louvain (Belgium), the Director of the Centre d’Etude de Crises et Conflits Internationaux (Centre for the Study of International Crises and Conflicts), and the Coordinator of the Chair InBev Baillet Latour dedicated to the relations between China and the European Union. He is also a Coordinator of the strategic committee of experts reporting to the Minister of Defence of the Kingdom of Belgium. He is furthermore the Founding-member of GMAP, a Swiss independent think-tank devoted to the analysis and future-oriented studies of the twenty-first century major transformations. Tanguy’s researches include Great powers, the concept of power, strategic foresight, US–China relations, Indo-Pacific and information warfare. He is the Editor of the book series Scène internationale (Presses Universitaires de Louvain) and has published different monographs and numerous peer-review articles and chapters.

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Dorothée Vandamme, PhD, is a Visiting Lecturer in International Relations at the Université catholique de Louvain and a Lecturer at the University of Mons, in Belgium. She is a Research Fellow at the European Foundation for South Asian Studies. Her research focusses on sociological perspectives of Pakistan’s foreign relations and its military institution, and contemporary security dynamics. Her latest publications include ‘Bringing Researchers Back In: Debating the Role of Interpretive Epistemology in Global IR’ in International Studies Review, and “The normative awkwardness of Pakistan” in Awkward Powers: Escaping Traditional Great and Middle Power Theory (Eds. G. Abbondanza and T. S. Wilkins; Palgrave Macmillan 2021).

Foreword

In the new era of the twenty-first century, we see the emergence of globalisation, the market, production, and institutions. The drivers of globalisation are multinational corporations. Barriers of international trade and investment have been broken. Most people say the impact of globalisation is better for the welfare of the people, and some disagree.

Technological progress has gradually sped up the process of globalisation. In the meantime, international conflict as well as natural or manmade disasters has increased all over the world. The most threatening problem we face now is war, especially nuclear war, and explosive amounts of military expenditure. To analyse this process of globalisation and its relation to disaster and conflict, we need new techniques of emerging social sciences like Peace Science, Regional Science, and tools of Management Science. The process of globalisation is very much related to climate change, war, and destruction of cultural heritage. It is also related to a new type of disaster, namely, the COVID pandemic. To combat the social, economic, and psychological downfall, we need a different type of public policy to reduce inequality and international conflict. This volume addresses all these factors by eminent scholars. This volume is also dedicated to millions of people who have perished or been affected by the pandemic globally, including my beloved sisters.

Prof Manas Chatterji, Binghamton University, NY, and Guest Professor, Peking University

Acknowledgements

This volume consists of some selected papers presented at the ‘Globalisation, COVID-19, and International Migration’ International Conference on 16–18 March 2021 held at the Geneva Graduate Institute. I want to express my sincere gratitude to Prof Marie-Laure Salles-Djelic, Director of the Geneva Graduate Institute, and Ms Christina Orisich, Deputy Director and Head of Executive Education, Geneva Centre for Security Policy.

I am extremely grateful to my co-editors Prof Urs Luterbacher as the co-initiator of this project, Valérie Fert and Bo Chen for their support. I’m also indebted to Marc Finaud, Head of Arms Proliferation at GCSP, Deborah Zdravkovic, Senior Course Coordinator, Alexandra Borgeaud dit Avocat at Global Support Group, Roberto Bonino at LUSVAL, my graduate student Suzanne Lee, computer specialists James Scott, and Hrishikesh S. Mahajan from State University of New York at Binghamton.

I would also like to express my heartfelt appreciation to doctoral candidate Liyang Dong from State University of New York at Binghamton for her exceptional secretarial and editorial assistance. I am grateful to all the presenters for their cooperation and patience for the long process. I am relieved to finish this book project after months of planning, operation, and execution of this academic endeavour and facing financial challenges.

Prof Manas Chatterji, Binghamton University, NY, and Guest Professor, Peking University