Index
ISBN: 978-1-80262-186-0, eISBN: 978-1-80262-185-3
ISSN: 2040-7246
Publication date: 10 November 2023
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
(2023), "Index", Higgins, D., Brentnall, C., Jones, P. and McGowan, P. (Ed.) Nurturing Modalities of Inquiry in Entrepreneurship Research: Seeing the World Through the Eyes of Those Who Research (Contemporary Issues in Entrepreneurship Research, Vol. 17), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 265-272. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2040-724620230000017018
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2024 David Higgins, Catherine Brentnall, Paul Jones and Pauric McGown
INDEX
Abductive method
, 229
Aboutness-thinking
, 188
Academic writing
, 12–13, 15, 19–20
Academic/practice-oriented research agenda
, 4
Age of Shopping
, 259
Althusser
, 242–243, 245–247
Anthropocene era
, 150
Apathy to Place
, 133–135
Apprendre le Québec guide
, 213
Archival data
, 200
Art Therapy
, 76
Artistic production
, 152
Atlas.ti
, 122, 216
Audio diaries
, 197
Auto–ethnography
, 179–180
Axial coding
, 116
Belonging
, 20
Biesta
, 225–227, 231, 262
Biodiversity review
, 259
Brickstorming
, 91
approach
, 98
building up and breaking down
, 102–103
capturing object
, 98–101
emotional blocks
, 101–102
experiences
, 96
Lego
, 97–98
material interview
, 95–96
objects interview
, 95–96
phenomenological interviews
, 94–95
practical recommendations
, 104
qualitative research interviews
, 93
reflections on
, 103
Build-and-talk approach
, 98
Business Model Canvas (BMC)
, 225–227, 233, 235, 259
Business modelling
, 226
Business studies
, 114
Business-related CR literature
, 49
Call for reflection
, 224
Canadian cities
, 211
Canadian identities programme
, 211
Capitalism
, 259
Case study methods
, 52
ChatGPT
, 19, 123
Circular composition
, 156
City of Gatineau plans
, 212
Climate Tipping Points
, 261
Coding
, 116–117
and analysis techniques
, 216–217
paradigm
, 116
units
, 117
Cognition
, 110, 112
Cognitive activity
, 110
Cognitive development
, 118
of entrepreneurs
, 120
Cohen’s kappa
, 117
Collaboration
, 61
Collage
, 163–165
identify hierarchy of elements in
, 157–158
as medium for expressing emotions
, 166–167
method
, 160
as methodology to collect rich qualitative data
, 153–154
and semiotic analysis
, 154–159
Commodification
, 247
Communication artefacts
, 200
Community Empowerment Act (2015)
, 129
Competition
, 247
Complex adaptive systems (CAS)
, 46
Conceptual representations
, 158
Constructionist
, 93
Constructivism
, 208
Constructivist adult learning orientations theories
, 123
Contemporary language
, 6
Content analysis
, 208
Context
, 168
context-mechanism-output
, 67–69
Conventional methods
, 152
Creative writing classes
, 15
Critical Entrepreneurship Studies
, 13
Critical realism (CR)
, 44, 58–61
complexity, uncertainty and rejection of determinism
, 53–54
EE research frameworks and methodologies
, 45–48
enterprise policy that might create impactful approach for
, 61–62
layered realist ontology
, 50–51
methodological gap in EE research
, 44–45
methodological plurality and flexibility
, 51–52
ontology
, 45
potential contribution
, 48–50
retroductive analytical processes
, 52–53
Critical realists
, 63
approach
, 59
inquiry
, 62
Critical reflexivity
, 249–253
entrepreneurship-as-practice turn and ideological discussions in entrepreneurship
, 243–245
ideology
, 245–247
interpellated researcher subject
, 247–249
Criticisms
, 6
Culture
, 45
Cumbrian workshops
, 140
Data analysis process
, 154
Data coding
, 122
and analysis
, 118–120
Data collection
, 29–30, 118, 152
Data congruence
, 28–30, 36
confessional tale of field
, 31–36
context of recent field study
, 31
focus group interview with NGO personnel
, 32–33
listening to untold stories
, 33–34
practical considerations
, 38–39
processing first verbatims
, 31–32
SPS
, 37
studying feelings of participants
, 34–35
trying to desensitise
, 35–36
Death by data asphyxiation
, 201
Decentration
, 153
of emotions
, 167
Declarative knowledge
, 119
Department for Education Sustainability and Climate Change Strategy
, 259
Design
, 114–117
perspective
, 114
Dialogical approach
, 77–78
Diaries
, 197–198
Diary data collection methods
, 111, 122
limitations of
, 121–122
Diary data method
, 123
Diary data studies
, 114
benefits of prospective data
, 114–115
coding and analysis
, 116–117
collecting diary data
, 115–116
data coding and analysis
, 118–120
data collection
, 118
example of
, 117
results of analysis
, 120
retrospective vs. prospective data collection
, 114
sampling of respondents
, 117
study context
, 117
Diary-interview method
, 195
Didactic triangle
, 225, 232
Digital photographs
, 15
Digitalisation of diary data collection methods
, 123
Direct observation
, 213
Discourse analysis
, 216
Diversification
, 208
Diversity
, 3
Doctoral research
, 13
Doing research
, 21
Drama-oriented high school
, 15
Draw-a-person test
, 76
Drawings
, 78–79
Ecological anxiety
, 160
Economic polarisation
, 150
Education
, 174, 260–261
Educator-scholar
, 259
Emotional blocks
, 101–102
Emotions
, 29, 151–153, 160
collage as medium for expressing
, 166–167
Empirical data analysis
, 119
Enculturation
, 225
Engaged scholarship
, 44
Enterprise
, 74
culture
, 244–245
policy might create impactful approach for critical realism
, 61–62
Enterprise Research Centre (ERC)
, 67
Entrepreneur
, 3
Entrepreneurial cognition
, 110
Entrepreneurial ecosystems (EE)
, 44
methodological gap in EE research
, 44–45
Entrepreneurial identity
, 74–75
Entrepreneurial intentions
, 120
Entrepreneurial sensemaking
diary data studies
, 114–117
example of diary data study
, 117–120
grounded theory approach
, 113
limitations of diary data collection method
, 121–122
research method
, 122–123
sensemaking and inquiry into intersubjective meaning-making
, 111
sensemaking perspective
, 112–113
Entrepreneurial ventures
, 243
Entrepreneuring, withness perspective promises new insights into
, 189–190
Entrepreneurs in Canada
, 212
Entrepreneurship
, 19, 29, 184, 206, 225–226, 243, 258, 262
ethnographic study of entrepreneurship societies
, 20
scholars
, 114, 130
semiotic analysis of images in qualitative research in management and
, 152–159
Entrepreneurship education (EE)
, 74, 225, 232, 243
approach
, 228–229
future directions
, 236–237
individual reflections from theoretical perspective
, 232–234
integrating discussion and theory development
, 234–236
subjective positions
, 229–230
teaching tools
, 230–231
and tools
, 225–228
Entrepreneurship research
, 2, 12, 95
ethnography in
, 179–181
opportunity
, 3–4
voice and space
, 4–7
Entrepreneurship studies
, 188, 207
context-mechanism-output
, 67–69
critical realism
, 58–61
enterprise policy that might create impactful approach for critical realism
, 61–62
open systems
, 65–67
transitive and intransitive dimensions
, 62–65
Entrepreneurship-as-practice
, 13
turn and ideological discussions in entrepreneurship
, 243–245
Ethics Committee of Laval University
, 214
Ethnographic fieldwork
, 199–200
Ethnographic writing
, 20
Ethnography
, 179–180
being embedded in contexts
, 180–181
in entrepreneurship research
, 179
ethnography and auto-ethnography
, 179–180
role of gender of researcher
, 181
European Union’s Cohesion Policy
, 129
Evaluation
, 58, 61, 64, 68
Event-contingent diary design
, 115
Evolve Digital
, 68
Ex post data collection
, 114
Execution
, 114–117
Feelings
, 29
Field diary
, 15
Finance
, 45
Financial privileges
, 172–174
First-order coding
, 119
Fragmentation
, 2
Free writing exercises
, 15
Fridays for Future movement
, 262
Gender inequalities
, 172
Gender of researcher, role of
, 181
Gender-related power dimensions
, 176
Global North
, 258
Global South
, 258
legitimacy of research in
, 177–179
Globalisation
, 150
Go-to concepts
, 130
Grounded theory
, 207
adaptation to approximate withness
, 191–192
approach
, 113, 116, 119
archival data
, 200
diaries
, 197–198
and entrepreneurship studies
, 207
ethnographic fieldwork
, 199–200
future directions for research methods pedagogy
, 202–203
interviews
, 198–199
method
, 207–209
positive aspects of study
, 200
remaining challenges
, 201–202
studying unfolding of strategy-making in international new venture
, 195–197
thinking of warp and weft of process data helps researchers design and sample for withness
, 192–195
useful starting point for withness approach
, 190–191
withness perspective promises new insights into entrepreneuring
, 189–190
Grounded theory methodology (GTM)
, 188, 190
Group based research
, 144
Habits
, 18
Higher Education (HE)
, 74
Hot cognition
, 94
Human capital
, 45
Human geography
, 142
Humboldtian approach
, 261
Ideational metafunction
, 158
Identity
, 13
Ideological interpellation
, 251–252
Ideological state apparatuses (ISAs)
, 246
Ideological violence
, 251
Ideology
, 242–244
Althusser and ‘going against the grain’
, 245–247
Image
, 85
identify key representations of
, 156–157
ImmigrAffaires Gatineau guide
, 212
Immigrant entrepreneurship
, 206
grounded theory and entrepreneurship studies
, 207
grounded theory method
, 207–209
theorising immigrant entrepreneurship of Mexicans in Québec
, 209–220
Impostor syndrome
, 15
Individualism
, 247
Innovation
, 262
Inquiry
, 1
into intersubjective meaning-making
, 111–113
Inter-ethnography
, 225
Interactional process
, 92
Interculturalism
, 211–212
International new venture, studying unfolding of strategy-making in
, 195–197
Interpellation
, 246–247
Interpersonal metafunction
, 158
Interpretation
, 168
Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA)
, 91–92
Intersubjective meaning-making, sensemaking and inquiry into
, 111
Intersubjectivity
, 110, 151
Interval-contingent diary study design
, 115
Interviews
, 91–92, 132, 198–199
Intransitive dimensions
, 62–65
Knowledge exchange
, 93
Labor force
, 206
Language
, 227
Layered realist ontology
, 50–51
Legitimacy of research in Global South
, 177–179
Lego (tool)
, 92, 97–98
Lego Serious Play (LSP)
, 97
Lego® Group
, 97
Levelling up
, 58
Line of forces (LF)
, 154
Line-by-line analysis
, 209
Linguistic resources
, 19
Listening
, 30
Lived experiences
, 28
Local Agenda 21 (LA21)
, 129
Long-time process studies
, 199
Mainstream education
, 243–244
Markets
, 45
Material interview
, 95–96
Material privileges
, 172–174
Materials
, 91–92
MAXQDA
, 216
Meaning units
, 117
Methodological guides
, 151
Methodological plurality and flexibility
, 51–52
Methodology
, 47–48, 142
Mexicans
, 206
entrepreneurs in Quebec
, 206
theorising immigrant entrepreneurship of Mexicans in Québec
, 209–220
Micro bank in Tanzania
, 174–175
Ministry of the Economy
, 209
Minority entrepreneurs
, 206
Mirror sensitivity
, 37
Misinterpellation
, 247, 252
Mission Zero review
, 259
Modes of inquiry
, 260–261
Moods
, 29
Multicultural model of integration
, 211
Narrative representations
, 158
National Audit Office
, 61, 67
National Finance Ministry
, 209
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
, 206
NVivo
, 122, 133, 216
Objects
, 91
interview
, 95–96
Observing
, 30
Open coding
, 116
Open systems
, 65–67
Oral presentations and exchanges, support for
, 163–166
Ordre des Comptables agréés
, 213
Organisational studies
, 114
Pandemics
, 150
Partial structuring
, 80
Participant observation
, 213
Participant-led drawing
, 78
Participant’s unexpressed feelings
, 37
Participative action methods
, 144
Participatory visual methods
, 76
Pedagogical instrument
, 115
Peer-reviewers
, 20
Personal experience
, 22
Phenomenological interviews
, 94–95
Phenomenology
, 94
Photo elicitation
, 152
Photo voice method
, 75
Photo-elicitation
, 143
Physical observation
, 199
Pilot in the Plane
, 260
Place in entrepreneurship research
acknowledging place-based language
, 135–136
apathy to place
, 133–135
comparing regions
, 136–137
Cumbria
, 139–140
engaging group discussions of place
, 138–139
growth and importance of ‘place-based’ approaches
, 128
implications for future place-based research
, 142–143
importance of place in sustainability research
, 128–130
insights from individual conversations about place
, 132–133
key learnings
, 143–144
Lancashire
, 140
methodological challenges of researching place
, 130–131
moving to global concerns
, 135–136
overall observations
, 140–142
research context
, 131
revealing personal attachment to place
, 137–138
Place-based research
, 144
Place–based approaches, growth and importance of
, 128
Policy
, 45
implications
, 47–48
Positivism
, 208
Post qualitative inquiry
, 259–260
Power
, 183
Power dimensions and ethical considerations
, 181–182
Power dynamics
ethnography in entrepreneurship research
, 179
future directions for research methods
, 182–183
implications for future studies
, 183
legitimacy of research in Global South
, 177–179
lived experiences of women entrepreneurs
, 172–177
power dimensions and ethical considerations
, 181–182
Practice perspectives
, 188
Practice theory
, 13
Procedural knowledge
, 119
Process driven theory
, 4
Process perspectives
, 188
Process research
, 192
Prospective data
benefits of
, 114–115
collection
, 114
Provalis
, 122
Publishing
, 12
process
, 202
Purposes
, 231, 233
Qualification
, 233–234
Qualitative analysis
, 206
Qualitative data
collage as methodology to collect rich
, 153–154
collection
, 151, 153
Qualitative entrepreneurship research methods
, 92
Qualitative methods
, 159, 224
(see also Visual methods)
collage
, 163–166
collage as medium for expressing emotions
, 166–167
data analysis
, 161–163
data collection
, 159–161
methodology
, 159
results
, 163
semiotic analysis of images in qualitative research in management and entrepreneurship
, 152–159
Qualitative research
, 13, 28, 249
(see also Entrepreneurship research)
semiotic analysis of images in qualitative research in management and entrepreneurship
, 152–159
Quebec
, 206
coding and analysis techniques
, 216–217
limits of research
, 217–220
sources and methods of data collection
, 213–216
territory of analysis
, 209–213
theorising immigrant entrepreneurship of Mexicans in
, 209–220
Racism
, 60
Randomised control trials (RCT)
, 67
Real-time study
, 188
Realism
, 59
Realist evaluation
, 67–69
Recognition
, 252
Reflection
, 12
Reflexive inquiry
, 7
Reflexivity
, 249, 252
Regional diversity
, 144
Research design
, 68, 77–78
Research methods pedagogy, future directions for
, 202–203
Research process
, 200
Researching place, methodological challenges of
, 130–131
Resource acquisition
, 182
Retroduction
, 50
Retroductive analytical method
, 48, 52–53
Retroductive approach
, 63
Retrofitting
, 121
Retrospective data
, 110, 114
Scientific inquiry
, 110
Second-order coding
, 119
Sedimented social knowledge
, 82
Segregation
, 2
Semantics
, 168
Semi-structured interviews
, 213
Semiotic analysis
of BMC
, 228
collage and semiotic analysis
, 154
collage as methodology to collect rich qualitative data
, 153–154
identify composition of collage
, 156
identify hierarchy of elements in collage
, 157–158
identify key representations of image
, 156–157
identify LF present in collage
, 155
identify viewer’s position
, 157
of images in qualitative research in management and entrepreneurship
, 152
interpret meaning of all elements
, 158–159
Sense-breaking
, 112
Sense-demanding
, 112
Sense-giving
, 112
Sensemaking
, 111–113
perspective
, 112–113
Sensitivity
, 37
Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS)
, 37
in fieldwork
, 37–38
scores
, 38
Sign
, 167
Signal-contingent diary data collection method
, 115
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs)
, 131
Smart Specialisation
, 129
Snowball sampling technique
, 213
Social embedding
, 113
Social entrepreneurship events
, 21
Social Tipping Points
, 261
Social world
, 65
Socialisation
, 234
Societal ecology
, 142
Socio-cultural approach
, 227
Sociology
, 59
Stakeholders
, 131
engagement
, 128
Strategy-making in international new venture, studying unfolding of
, 195–197
Subjectification
, 234
Subjective drawings
, 79
Subjectivity
, 151, 245
Substantive coding
, 116
Support
, 45
Sustainability research, importance of place in
, 128–130
Sustainable development
, 131
Sustainable Development Goals
, 172
Syllabus analysis
, 151
Sympathetic critique
, 45
Syntax
, 167–168
Tanzania, micro bank in
, 174–175
Text books
, 6
Textual metafunction
, 159
Theoretical sampling
, 214
in GTM
, 191
for novel emergence
, 192
Theoretical saturation
, 215
Theorisation
, 208
Transcription
, 209
Transitive dimensions
, 62–65
Universal economic measures
, 129
Unstructured interviews
, 213
US’s Empowerment Zones and Enterprise Communities Act (1993)
, 129
Valley envy perspective
, 48–49
Verbal overshadowing
, 84
Visual data
, 75
collection methods
, 76
Visual methods
, 75–77
dilemmas of
, 79–86
drawings
, 78–79
research
, 74–75
research design
, 77–78
Visual representations
, 83
Vulnerable groups
, 172
of people
, 182
Warp
main complement for both
, 199–200
naturalistic input for
, 200
potent data collection instrument for
, 197–198
Weber’s comprehensive analysis
, 150
Weft
main complement for both
, 199–200
useful instrument to sample for
, 198–199
Western education system
, 80
Whilst visual methods
, 143
Withness
adaptation to approximate
, 191–192
approach
, 192
grounded theory useful starting point for
, 190–191
perspective promises new insights into entrepreneuring
, 189–190
Withness-thinking
, 188
Women
, 172
entrepreneurship
, 172
Women entrepreneurs
costs of being woman in Pakistan
, 176–177
financial and material privileges
, 172–174
gender and power dimensions
, 176–
lived experiences of
, 172
micro bank in Tanzania
, 174–175
power of knowledge
, 174–
Writing
, 12
body, physical conditions and emotions
, 13–15
entrepreneurship research
, 20–22
expectations
, 19–20
future directions for research
, 22–23
habit
, 17–19
learned to
, 15–17
practice
, 16
up process research
, 202
- Prelims
- Chapter 1: Introduction: Learning to See Nothing But Seeking to Gain Everything: Entrepreneurship Research as an Artistic Process of Inquiry
- Chapter 2: A Sneak Peek into the Process of Writing Entrepreneurship Research
- Chapter 3: Data Congruence in What They Say, Do and Feel: The Role of Researcher's Sensory Processing Sensitivity Trait
- Chapter 4: Critical Realism as a Framework for Engaged Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Research
- Chapter 5: The Impactful Potential of Critical Realist Methodologies in Entrepreneurship Studies
- Chapter 6: Visual Methods in Entrepreneurial Identity Research: Reflections from an Enterprise Educator Perspective
- Chapter 7: Brickstorming: Using Materials to Elicit Meaning in Research Interviews
- Chapter 8: Making the Meaningful Moments Visible – About the Real-time Study of Entrepreneurial Sensemaking
- Chapter 9: Lost for Words: Trying to Investigate ‘Place’ in Entrepreneurship Research
- Chapter 10: Decentration and Intersubjectivity: Collage as a Qualitative Method of Data Collection
- Chapter 11: Research Involving Women in the Global South – Reflections on Power Dynamics
- Chapter 12: Warp and Weft in Grounded Theory: A Metaphor for a Withness Approach to Entrepreneurship Research
- Chapter 13: Building an Immigrant Entrepreneurship Grounded Theory: The Case of Mexican Entrepreneurs in Quebec
- Chapter 14: Intersubjective Dialogue as a Form of Inquiry – Discussing the Purpose of Entrepreneurship Education Tools
- Chapter 15: Critical Reflexivity as the Last Frontier to Uncover and Change the Ideologies Buried Behind Practices
- Chapter 16: Epilogue – Modes of Inquiry for a World Worth Living in for All …
- Index